Died on Friday, 13th February – Famous Deaths

13/02/2025

Jim Guy Tucker, American lawyer and politician, 43rd Governor of Arkansas (born 1943)

James Guy Tucker Jr. was an American politician, businessman and attorney who served as the 43rd governor of Arkansas from 1992 until his resignation in 1996 after his conviction for fraud during the Whitewater affair. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as the 15th lieutenant governor, state attorney general, and as a U.S. representative.

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13/02/2021

Kadir Topbaş, Turkish politician (born 1945)

Kadir Topbaş was a Turkish architect, businessman and politician who served as Mayor of Istanbul from 2004 to 2017.

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13/02/2019

Callistus Ndlovu, Zimbabwean academic and politician (born 1936)

Callistus Dingiswayo Ndlovu was a Zimbabwean academic, diplomat, and politician. He joined the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) in 1963 as a teacher in Matabeleland, and went on to serve as its representative to the United Nations and North America in the 1970s. After Zimbabwe's independence in 1980, he was a member of the House of Assembly from 1980 to 1985 and served as a senator from 1985 to 1990. He left ZAPU and joined the ruling ZANU–PF party in 1984.

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13/02/2018

Henrik, Prince Consort of Denmark, French-born Danish royal (born 1934)

Prince Henrik of Denmark, Count of Monpezat was the husband of Margrethe II of Denmark. He served as her royal consort from Margrethe's accession on 14 January 1972 until his death in 2018.

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13/02/2017

Ricardo Arias Calderón, Panamanian politician (born 1933)

Ricardo Arias Calderón was a Panamanian politician who served as First Vice President from 1989 to 1992. A Catholic who studied at Yale and the Sorbonne, Arias returned to Panama in the 1960s to work for political reform. He went on to become the president of the Christian Democratic Party of Panama and a leading opponent of the military government of Manuel Noriega. In 1984, he ran as a candidate for Second Vice President on the ticket of three-time former president Arnulfo Arias, but they were defeated by pro-Noriega candidate Nicolás Ardito Barletta.

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Aileen Hernandez, American union organizer and activist (born 1926)

Aileen Hernandez was an African-American union organizer, civil rights activist, and women's rights activist. She served as the president of the National Organization for Women (NOW) between 1970 and 1971, and was the first woman to serve on the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.

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Seijun Suzuki, Japanese filmmaker (born 1923)

Seijun Suzuki , born Seitaro Suzuki , was a Japanese filmmaker, actor, and screenwriter. His films are known for their florid visual style, absurd humour, and a playful rejection of traditional film grammar. He made 40 predominately B-movies for the Nikkatsu Company between 1956 and 1967, working most prolifically in the yakuza genre. His increasingly surreal style began to draw the ire of the studio in 1963 and culminated in his ultimate dismissal for what is now regarded as his magnum opus, Branded to Kill (1967), starring notable collaborator Joe Shishido. Suzuki successfully sued the studio for wrongful dismissal, but he was blacklisted for 10 years after that. As an independent filmmaker, he won critical acclaim and a Japanese Academy Award for his Taishō trilogy, Zigeunerweisen (1980), Kagero-za (1981) and Yumeji (1991).

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Kim Jong-nam, North Korean politician (born 1971)

Kim Jong-nam was the eldest son of North Korean leader Kim Jong Il. From roughly 1994 to 2001, he was considered the heir apparent to his father. He was thought to have fallen out of favor after embarrassing the regime in 2001 with a failed attempt to visit Tokyo Disneyland with a false passport, although Kim himself said his loss of favor had been due to advocating reform.

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E-Dubble, American rapper (born 1982)

Evan Sewell Wallace best known by his stage name E-Dubble, often stylized e-dubble, or shortened to e-dub, was an American rapper. He was best known for his Freestyle Friday series in which he released a new song each Friday throughout 2010, with one final unofficial release in 2012. He was the founder of Black Paisley Records.

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13/02/2016

O. N. V. Kurup, Indian poet and academic (born 1931)

Ottaplakkal Neelakandan Velu Kurup was a Malayalam poet and lyricist from Kerala, India, who won the Jnanpith Award, the highest literary award in India for the year 2007. He received the awards Padma Shri in 1998 and Padma Vibhushan in 2011, the fourth and second highest civilian honours from the Government of India. In 2007 he was awarded an Honorary Doctorate by University of Kerala, Trivandrum. O. N. V. was known for his leftist leaning. He was a leader of All India Students Federation (AISF). He died on 13 February 2016 at KIMS hospital in Thiruvananthapuram due to age-related illnesses, aged 84.

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Antonin Scalia, American lawyer and judge, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (born 1936)

Antonin Gregory Scalia was an American jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1986 until his death in 2016. He was described as the intellectual anchor for the originalist and textualist position in the Court's conservative wing. For catalyzing an originalist and textualist movement in American law, he has been described as one of the most influential jurists of the twentieth century, and one of the most important justices in the history of the Supreme Court. Scalia was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2018, and the Antonin Scalia Law School at George Mason University was named in his honor.

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13/02/2015

Faith Bandler, Australian activist and author (born 1918)

Faith Bandler was an Australian civil rights activist of South Sea Islander and Scottish-Indian heritage. A campaigner for the rights of Indigenous Australians and South Sea Islanders, she was best known for her leadership in the campaign for the 1967 referendum on Indigenous Australians.

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Stan Chambers, American journalist and actor (born 1923)

Stanley Holroyd "Stan" Chambers was an American television reporter who worked for KTLA in Los Angeles from 1947 to 2010.

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13/02/2014

Balu Mahendra, Sri Lankan-Indian director, cinematographer, and screenwriter (born 1939)

Balanathan Benjamin Mahendran, commonly known as Balu Mahendra, was a Sri Lankan Tamil cinematographer, director, screenwriter, actor and film editor who worked in various Indian film industries, primarily in Tamil and Malayalam cinema. Born in Sri Lanka, Mahendran developed a passion for photography and literature at a young age, after witnessing the shoot of David Lean's The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957) during a school trip in Sri Lanka, he was drawn towards filmmaking. After graduation he joined as an Aerial photographer in the Sri Lankan Government. In 1966, he moved to India and gained admission to the Film and Television Institute of India (FTII) to pursue a course in motion picture photography. Upon completion of his diploma, he started working in Malayalam cinema as a cinematographer in the early 1970s.

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Richard Møller Nielsen, Danish footballer and manager (born 1937)

Richard Møller Nielsen was a Danish football player and manager. He played as a defender and spent his entire senior playing career with Odense BK, making 175 appearances between 1955 and 1962. At international level, he represented Denmark at under-21 and B levels, earning two caps for the Denmark senior national team from 1959 to 1961.

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Ralph Waite, American actor and activist (born 1928)

Ralph Waite was an American actor, best known for his lead role as John Walton Sr. on The Waltons (1972–1981), which he occasionally directed. He later had recurring roles as two other heroic fathers; in NCIS as Jackson Gibbs, the father of Leroy Jethro Gibbs, and in Bones, as Seeley Booth's grandfather.

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Laura Motta, Brazilian catholic nun (born 1919)

Laura Motta, better known as "Irmã Laura", was a Brazilian catholic nun member of the Sisters of Saint Marcelina.

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13/02/2013

Gerry Day, American journalist and screenwriter (born 1922)

Gerry Day was an American screenwriter. She was also a newspaper reporter for the Hollywood Citizen News in the mid-1940s.

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Miles J. Jones, American pathologist and physician (born 1952)

Miles James Alfred Jones, Jr., M.D. was a forensic pathologist who became one of the most notorious physician-abusers of internet-mediated services. He was also cited for contempt of the U.S. Congress for failure to appear before it concerning his activities in the sale of fetal body parts. He was eventually imprisoned in the Federal Corrections System for failure to pay U.S. income taxes for two years.

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Pieter Kooijmans, Dutch judge and politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs for The Netherlands (born 1933)

Pieter Hendrik "Peter" Kooijmans was a Dutch politician, jurist, and diplomat. He was a member of the defunct Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP), which later merged into the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) party. From 1993 to 1994, he served as Foreign Minister of the Netherlands, succeeding Hans van den Broek. In 1995, he returned to his former position as Professor of Public International Law at the University of Leiden, serving until his appointment to the International Court of Justice. He was granted the honorary title of Minister of State on 13 July 2007.

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Andrée Malebranche, Haitian artist (born 1916)

Andrée Malebranche was an Afro-Haitian painter and art instructor. She has works included in the collections of the Musée d'Art Haïtien and was recognized by the Haitian government for her contributions to the development of Haitian painting.

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Yuko Tojo, Japanese activist and politician (born 1939)

Yuko Tojo was a Japanese ultra-nationalist politician, Imperial Japanese apologist, and brief political aspirant. She was the granddaughter of convicted war criminal Hideki Tojo.

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13/02/2012

Russell Arms, American actor and singer (born 1920)

Russell Lee Arms was an American actor and singer.

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Louise Cochrane, American-English screenwriter and producer (born 1918)

Louise Cochrane was an American-born writer and television producer best known for creating the BBC Children's TV programme Rag, Tag and Bobtail in the early 1950s. She also wrote a series of career guidance books for young people and a biography of the 12th-century philosopher Adelard of Bath.

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Daniel C. Gerould, American playwright and academic (born 1928)

Daniel Charles Gerould was the Lucille Lortel Distinguished Professor of Theatre and Comparative Literature at the CUNY Graduate Center and Director of Publications of the Martin E. Segal Theatre Center. A scholar, teacher, translator, editor, and playwright, Gerould was a specialist in US melodrama, Central and Eastern European theatre of the twentieth century, and fin-de-siècle European avant-garde performance. Gerould was one of the world’s most recognized “Witkacologists,” a leading scholar and translator of the work of Polish playwright, novelist, painter, and philosopher Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz ("Witkacy"). Gerould was best known for introducing English-language audiences to the writings of Witkiewicz through such work as Stanisław I. Witkiewicz, The Beelzebub Sonata: Plays, Essays, Documents, Witkacy: Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz as an Imaginative Writer, The Witkiewicz Reader, and his original translations of most of Witkiewicz’s plays.

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13/02/2010

Lucille Clifton, American poet and academic (born 1936)

Lucille Clifton was an American poet, writer, and educator from Buffalo, New York. From 1979 to 1985 she was Poet Laureate of Maryland. Clifton was a finalist twice for the Pulitzer Prize for poetry.

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Dale Hawkins, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1936)

Delmar Allen "Dale" Hawkins was a pioneer American rock singer, songwriter, and rhythm guitarist who was often called the architect of swamp rock boogie.

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13/02/2009

Edward Upward, English author and educator (born 1903)

Edward Falaise Upward, FRSL was a British novelist and short story writer who, prior to his death, was believed to be the UK's oldest living author. Initially gaining recognition amongst the Auden Group as a highly imaginative surrealist writer, in the 1930s he joined the Communist Party of Great Britain, after which his writing shifted towards Marxist realism. His literary career spanned over eighty years.

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13/02/2008

Kon Ichikawa, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1915)

Kon Ichikawa was a Japanese film director and screenwriter. His work displays a vast range in genre and style, from the anti-war films The Burmese Harp (1956) and Fires on the Plain (1959), to the documentary Tokyo Olympiad (1965), which won two BAFTA Film Awards, and the 19th-century revenge drama An Actor's Revenge (1963). His film Odd Obsession (1959) won the Jury Prize at the 1960 Cannes Film Festival.

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13/02/2007

Elizabeth Jolley, English-Australian author and academic (born 1923)

Monica Elizabeth Jolley was an English-born Australian writer who settled in Western Australia in the late 1950s and forged an illustrious literary career there. She was 53 when her first book was published, and she went on to publish fifteen novels, four short story collections and three non-fiction books, publishing well into her 70s and achieving significant critical acclaim. She was also a pioneer of creative writing teaching in Australia, counting many well-known writers such as Tim Winton among her students at Curtin University.

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Charlie Norwood, American captain and politician (born 1941)

Charles Whitlow Norwood Jr. was an American politician who served as a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from 1995 until his death in 2007. At the time of his death, Norwood was the representative of the 10th district of Georgia.

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Richard Gordon Wakeford, English air marshal (born 1922)

Air Marshal Sir Richard Gordon Wakeford, was an officer in the Royal Air Force for 36 years, from 1941 to 1977. Beginning as a pilot of flying boats with Coastal Command, he became a flying instructor, and commanded the Queen's Flight. After various operational commands, his last post was as Deputy Chief of Defence (Intelligence) at the UK Ministry of Defence.

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13/02/2006

P. F. Strawson, English philosopher and author (born 1919)

Sir Peter Frederick Strawson was an English philosopher who spent most of his career at the University of Oxford. He was the Waynflete Professor of Metaphysical Philosophy at Magdalen College, Oxford, from 1968 to 1987. He had previously held the positions of college lecturer and tutorial fellow at University College, Oxford, a college he returned to upon his retirement in 1987, and which provided him with rooms until his death.

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13/02/2005

Nelson Briles, American baseball player and sportscaster (born 1943)

Nelson Kelley Briles was an American Major League Baseball pitcher. A hard thrower whose best pitch was a slider, he exhibited excellent control. Briles batted and threw right-handed. He was a starting pitcher on World Series champions with the St. Louis Cardinals in 1967 and Pittsburgh Pirates in 1971.

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Lúcia Santos, Portuguese nun (born 1907)

Lúcia de Jesus Rosa dos Santos, OCD, also known as Lúcia of Fátima and by her religious name Maria Lúcia of Jesus and of the Immaculate Heart, was a Discalced Carmelite from Portugal. Sister Lúcia and her cousins Francisco and Jacinta Marto claimed to have witnessed the apparitions of Our Lady of Fátima in 1917. Her beatification process was opened in 2017. In 2023, she was declared venerable.

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13/02/2004

François Tavenas, Canadian engineer and academic (born 1942)

François Tavenas, was a Canadian engineer and academic.

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Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev, Chechen politician, 2nd President of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (born 1952)

Zelimkhan Abdulmuslimovich Yandarbiyev was a Chechen writer and politician who was the second president of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria between 1996 and 1997. In 2004, Yandarbiyev was assassinated while he was on a mission to obtain recognition of the Chechen Republic by Qatar.

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13/02/2003

Kid Gavilán, Cuban-American boxer (born 1926)

Gerardo González, better known in the boxing world as Kid Gavilan, was a Cuban boxer. Gavilán was the former undisputed world welterweight champion from 1951 to 1954 having simultaneously held the NYSAC, WBA, and The Ring welterweight titles. The Boxing Writers Association of America named him Fighter of the Year in 1953. Gavilán was voted by The Ring magazine as the 26th greatest fighter of the last 80 years. Gavilán was a 1966 inductee to The Ring magazine's Boxing Hall of Fame, and was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in the inaugural class of 1990.

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Walt Whitman Rostow, American economist; 7th United States National Security Advisor (born 1916)

Walt Whitman Rostow was an American economist, professor and political theorist who served as national security advisor to president of the United States Lyndon B. Johnson from 1966 to 1969.

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13/02/2002

Waylon Jennings, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1937)

Waylon Arnold Jennings was an American country music singer, songwriter, musician, and actor. He is considered one of the pioneers of the outlaw movement in country music.

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13/02/2000

Anders Aalborg, Canadian educator and politician (born 1914)

Anders Olav Aalborg was a teacher and a politician from Alberta, Canada. He served in the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1948 to 1971 as a member of the Social Credit caucus, and served in the cabinets of Premier Ernest Manning and Harry Strom from 1952 to 1971.

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James Cooke Brown, American sociologist and author (born 1921)

James Cooke Brown was an American sociologist and science fiction author. He is notable for creating the constructed language Loglan and for designing the Parker Brothers board game Careers.

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John Leake, English soldier (born 1949)

John Steven Leake was an English recipient of the Distinguished Service Medal whilst working for the Navy, Army and Air Force Institutes (NAAFI), one of only twelve to be issued to the British forces during the Falklands War. Prior to working for the NAAFI, he worked in private security and was a soldier in the Devonshire and Dorset Regiment of the British Army.

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13/02/1997

Robert Klark Graham, American eugenicist and businessman (born 1906)

Robert Klark Graham was an American eugenicist and businessman who made millions by developing shatterproof plastic eyeglass lenses and who later founded the Repository for Germinal Choice, a sperm bank for geniuses, in the hope of implementing a eugenics program.

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Mark Krasnosel'skii, Russian-Ukrainian mathematician and academic (born 1920)

Mark Aleksandrovich Krasnoselsky or Mark Alexsandrovich Krasnoselskii was a Soviet and Russian mathematician renowned for his work on nonlinear functional analysis and its applications.

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13/02/1996

Martin Balsam, American actor (born 1919)

Martin Henry Balsam was an American actor. He had a prolific career in character roles in film, in theatre, and on television. An early member of the Actors Studio, he began his career on the New York stage, winning a Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play for Robert Anderson's You Know I Can't Hear You When the Water's Running (1968). He won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in A Thousand Clowns (1965).

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13/02/1992

Nikolay Bogolyubov, Ukrainian-Russian mathematician and physicist (born 1909)

Nikolay Nikolayevich Bogolyubov was a Soviet mathematician and theoretical physicist known for his significant contributions to quantum field theory, classical and quantum statistical mechanics, and the theory of dynamical systems; he was the recipient of the 1992 Dirac Medal for his works and studies.

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13/02/1991

Arno Breker, German sculptor and illustrator (born 1900)

Arno Breker was a German sculptor who is best known for his public works in Nazi Germany, where he was endorsed by the authorities as the antithesis of degenerate art. He was made official state sculptor and exempted from military service. One of his better known statues is Die Partei, representing the spirit of the Nazi Party, which flanked one side of the carriage entrance to Albert Speer's new Reich Chancellery.

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13/02/1989

Wayne Hays, American lieutenant and politician (born 1911)

Wayne Levere Hays was an American World War II veteran and politician who served 14 terms as a U.S. Representative from Ohio from 1949 to 1976. A Democrat, he resigned from Congress after a much-publicized sex scandal.

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13/02/1986

Yuri Ivask, Russian-American poet and critic (born 1907)

George Ivask was a Russian poet and literary critic; in his later years he was an American scholar of Russian literature. Ivask was born to a family of an Estonian-German father and Russian mother and he identified culturally as a Russian.

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13/02/1984

Cheong Eak Chong, Singaporean entrepreneur (born 1888)

Cheong Eak Chong was a Chinese businessman of She ethnicity. He was born in Anxi County in Fujian in 1888, but left China in 1921 for Singapore. He began his business career there as a goldsmith, later diversifying into finance and opening a bank with offices in Hong Kong and focused his investments in the real estate and tourism industries in Singapore and Hong Kong, establishing a property empire whose eventual flagship was the Hong Fok Corporation. Throughout his career, Cheong contributed to poverty relief and development in his home county of Anxi, and he is commemorated in the names of a number of public institutions in Fujian.

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13/02/1980

David Janssen, American actor (born 1931)

David Janssen was an American film and television actor who is best known for his starring role as Richard Kimble in the television series The Fugitive (1963–1967). Janssen also had the title roles in three other series: Richard Diamond, Private Detective; O'Hara, U.S. Treasury; and Harry O.

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13/02/1976

Murtala Mohammed, Nigerian general and politician, 4th President of Nigeria (born 1938)

Murtala Ramat Muhammed was a Nigerian military officer and the fourth head of state of Nigeria. He led the 1966 Nigerian counter-coup in overthrowing the military regime of Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi and featured prominently during the Nigerian Civil War and thereafter ruled Nigeria from 29 July 1975 until his assassination on 13 February 1976. This period in Nigerian history, from the Northern counter-coup victory to Murtala's death, is commonly associated with the institutionalization of the military in Nigerian politics.

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Lily Pons, French-American soprano and actress (born 1904)

Alice Joséphine Pons, known professionally as Lily Pons, was a French-American operatic lyric coloratura soprano and actress who had an active career from the late 1920s through the early 1970s. As an opera singer, she specialized in the coloratura soprano repertoire and was particularly associated with the title roles in Lakmé and Lucia di Lammermoor. In addition to appearing as a guest artist with many opera houses internationally, Pons enjoyed a long association with the Metropolitan Opera in New York City, where she performed nearly 300 times between 1931 and 1960.

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13/02/1975

André Beaufre, French general (born 1902)

André Beaufre was a French Army officer and military strategist who attained the rank of Général d'Armée before his retirement in 1961.

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13/02/1973

Marinus Jan Granpré Molière, Dutch architect and educator (born 1883)

Marinus Jan Granpré Molière was a Dutch architect. His work was part of the architecture event in the art competition at the 1924 Summer Olympics.

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13/02/1968

Mae Marsh, American actress (born 1895)

Mae Marsh was an American film actress whose career spanned over 50 years.

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Portia White, Canadian opera singer (born 1911)

Portia May White was a Canadian contralto, known for becoming the first Black Canadian concert singer to achieve international fame. Growing up as part of her father's church choir in Halifax, Nova Scotia, White competed in local singing competitions as a teenager and later trained at the Halifax Conservatory of Music. In 1941 and 1944, she made her national and international debuts as a singer, receiving critical acclaim for her performances of both classical European music and African-American spirituals. White later completed tours throughout Europe, the Caribbean, and Central and South America.

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13/02/1967

Yoshisuke Aikawa, entrepreneur, businessman, and politician, founded Nissan Motor Company (born 1880)

Yoshisuke Aikawa was a Japanese entrepreneur, businessman, and politician, noteworthy as the founder and first president of the Nissan zaibatsu, one of Japan's most powerful business conglomerates around the time of the Second World War.

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Abelardo L. Rodríguez, substitute president of Mexico (1932–1934) (born 1889)

Abelardo Rodríguez Luján, commonly known as Abelardo L. Rodríguez was a Mexican military officer, businessman and politician who served as Substitute President of Mexico from 1932 to 1934. He completed the term of President Pascual Ortiz Rubio after his resignation, during the period known as the Maximato, when Former President Plutarco Elías Calles held considerable de facto political power, without being president himself. Rodríguez was, however, more successful than Ortiz Rubio had been in asserting presidential power against Calles's influence.

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13/02/1964

Paulino Alcántara, Filipino-Spanish footballer and manager (born 1896)

Paulino Alcántara Riestrá was a Spanish and Filipino professional footballer and manager who played as a forward. Born in the Philippines, he played for Catalonia, Philippines and Spain national teams.

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Werner Heyde, German psychiatrist and academic (born 1902)

Werner Heyde was a German psychiatrist. He was one of the main organizers of Nazi Germany's T-4 Euthanasia Program.

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13/02/1958

Christabel Pankhurst, English activist, co-founded the Women's Social and Political Union (born 1880)

Dame Christabel Harriette Pankhurst was a British suffragette and Royalist born in Manchester, England. A co-founder of the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) and founder of The Suffragette newspaper, she directed militant actions from exile in France from 1912 to 1913. In 1914, she supported the war against Germany. After the war, she moved to the United States, where she worked as an evangelist for the Second Adventist movement.

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Georges Rouault, French painter and illustrator (born 1871)

Georges-Henri Rouault was a French painter, draughtsman, and printmaker, whose work is often associated with Fauvism and Expressionism.

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13/02/1956

Jan Łukasiewicz, Polish mathematician and philosopher (born 1878)

Jan Łukasiewicz was a Polish logician and philosopher who is best known for Polish notation and Łukasiewicz logic. His work centred on philosophical logic, mathematical logic and history of logic. He thought innovatively about traditional propositional logic, the principle of non-contradiction and the law of excluded middle, offering one of the earliest systems of many-valued logic. Contemporary research on Aristotelian logic also builds on innovative works by Łukasiewicz, which applied methods from modern logic to the formalization of Aristotle's syllogistic.

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13/02/1954

Agnes Macphail, Canadian educator and politician (born 1890)

Agnes Campbell Macphail was a Canadian politician and the first woman elected to Canada's House of Commons. She served as a Member of Parliament (MP) from 1921 to 1940; from 1943 to 1945 and again from 1948 to 1951, she served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, representing the Toronto riding of York East. Active throughout her life in progressive politics, Macphail worked for multiple parties, most prominently the Progressive Party, the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation and the United Farmers of Ontario. She promoted her ideas through column-writing, activist organizing, and legislation.

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13/02/1952

Josephine Tey, Scottish author and playwright (born 1896)

Elizabeth MacKintosh, known by the pen name Josephine Tey, was a Scottish author. Her 1951 novel The Daughter of Time, a detective work investigating the death of the Princes in the Tower, was chosen by the Crime Writers' Association in 1990 as the greatest crime novel of all time. Her first play Richard of Bordeaux, written under another pseudonym, Gordon Daviot, starred John Gielgud in its successful West End run.

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13/02/1951

Lloyd C. Douglas, American minister and author (born 1877)

Lloyd Cassel Douglas was an American minister and author. Although Douglas was one of the most popular American authors of his time, he did not write his first novel until the age of 50.

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13/02/1950

Rafael Sabatini, Italian-English novelist and short story writer (born 1875)

Rafael Sabatini was an Italian-born British writer of romance and adventure novels.

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13/02/1942

Otakar Batlička, Czech journalist (born 1895)

Otakar Batlička was a Czech adventurer, journalist, ham (amateur) radio operator, and member of the Czech-based Nazi resistance group Obrana Národa during World War II.

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Epitácio Pessoa, Brazilian lawyer, judge, and politician, 11th President of Brazil (born 1865)

Epitácio Lindolfo da Silva Pessoa was a Brazilian politician and jurist who served as the 11th president of Brazil between 1919 and 1922, when Rodrigues Alves was unable to take office due to illness, after being elected in 1918. His government was marked by the beginning of the tenentist movement that would culminate in the Revolution of 1930, which brought Getúlio Vargas to power.

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13/02/1934

József Pusztai, Slovene-Hungarian poet and journalist (born 1864)

József Pusztai was a Slovene writer, poet, journalist, teacher, and cantor in Hungary. He was also known under the pen name Tibor Andorhegyi.

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13/02/1906

Albert Gottschalk, Danish painter (born 1866)

Albert Gottschalk was a Danish painter. He had a close connection, personally and artistically, to the poets Johannes Jørgensen, Viggo Stuckenberg and Sophus Claussen.

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13/02/1905

Konstantin Savitsky, Russian painter (born 1844)

Konstantin Apollonovich Savitsky was a Russian realist painter born in the city of Taganrog in the village Frankovka or Baronovka, named after former governor Otto Pfeilizer-Frank. Today this area is occupied by the Taganrog Iron and Steel Factory TAGMET.

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13/02/1893

Ignacio Manuel Altamirano, Mexican intellectual and journalist (born 1834)

Ignacio Manuel Altamirano Basilio was a Mexican radical liberal writer, journalist, teacher and politician. He wrote Clemencia (1869), which is often considered to be the first modern Mexican novel.

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13/02/1892

Provo Wallis, Canadian-English admiral (born 1791)

Admiral of the Fleet Sir Provo William Parry Wallis, was a Royal Navy officer. As a junior officer, following the capture of USS Chesapeake by the frigate HMS Shannon during the War of 1812, the wounding of HMS Shannon's captain and the death of her first lieutenant in the action, he served as the temporary captain of HMS Shannon as she returned to Halifax, Nova Scotia, with Chesapeake.

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13/02/1888

Jean-Baptiste Lamy, French-American archbishop (born 1814)

Jean-Baptiste Lamy, was a French-American Catholic prelate who served as the first Archbishop of Santa Fe, New Mexico. Willa Cather's novel Death Comes for the Archbishop is based on his life and career, as is Paul Horgan's nonfiction work Lamy of Santa Fe. He sometimes anglicised his name to John Baptist Lamy.

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13/02/1883

Richard Wagner, German composer (born 1813)

Wilhelm Richard Wagner was a German composer, theatre director, essayist, and conductor, best known for his operas, although his mature works are often referred to as music dramas. Unlike most composers, Wagner wrote both the libretti and the music for all of his stage works. He first achieved recognition with works in the Romantic tradition of Carl Maria von Weber and Giacomo Meyerbeer, but revolutionised the genre through his concept of the Gesamtkunstwerk, which sought to unite poetic, musical, visual, and dramatic elements. In this approach, the drama unfolds as a continuously sung narrative, with the music evolving organically from the text rather than alternating between arias and recitatives. Wagner outlined these ideas in a series of essays published between 1849 and 1852, most fully realising them in the first half of his four-opera cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen.

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13/02/1877

Costache Caragiale, Romanian actor and manager (born 1815)

Costache Caragiale was a Romanian actor and theatre manager who had an important role in the development of the Romanian theatre.

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13/02/1859

Eliza Acton, English food writer and poet (born 1799)

Eliza Acton was an English food writer and poet who produced one of Britain's first cookery books aimed at the domestic reader, Modern Cookery for Private Families. The book introduced the now-universal practice of listing ingredients and giving suggested cooking times for each recipe. It included the first recipes in English for Brussels sprouts and for spaghetti. It also contains the first recipe for what Acton called "Christmas pudding"; the dish was normally called plum pudding, recipes for which had appeared previously, although Acton was the first to put the name and recipe together.

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13/02/1845

Henrik Steffens, Norwegian-German philosopher and poet (born 1773)

Henrik Steffens, was a Norwegian philosopher, scientist, and poet.

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13/02/1837

Mariano José de Larra, Spanish journalist and author (born 1809)

Mariano José de Larra y Sánchez de Castro was a Spanish romantic writer and journalist best known for his numerous essays and his infamous suicide. His works were often satirical and critical of the 19th-century Spanish society, and focused on both the politics and customs of his time.

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13/02/1831

Edward Berry, English admiral (born 1768)

Rear-Admiral of the Red Sir Edward Berry, 1st Baronet, KCB was a Royal Navy officer who served in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. He is best known for his role as flag captain of Horatio Nelson at the Battle of the Nile in 1798. Berry enjoyed a long and prestigious naval career and commanded HMS Agamemnon at the Battle of Trafalgar.

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13/02/1826

Peter Ludwig von der Pahlen, Russian general and politician, Governor-General of Baltic provinces (born 1745)

Peter Ludwig Graf von der Pahlen was a Russian courtier and general of Baltic German stock, who played a pivotal role in the assassination of Emperor Paul I of Russia in 1801. He became a general in the Imperial Russian Army in 1798, a count in 1799, and served as Military Governor of Saint Petersburg from 1798 to 1801.

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13/02/1818

George Rogers Clark, American general (born 1752)

George Rogers Clark was an American military officer and surveyor from Virginia who became the highest-ranking Patriot military officer on the northwestern frontier during the Revolutionary War. He served as leader of the Virginia militia in Kentucky throughout much of the war. He is best known for his captures of Kaskaskia in 1778 and Vincennes in 1779 during the Illinois campaign, which greatly weakened British influence in the Northwest Territory and earned Clark the nickname of "Conqueror of the Old Northwest". The British ceded the entire Northwest Territory to the United States in the 1783 Treaty of Paris.

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13/02/1813

Samuel Ashe, American lawyer and politician, 9th Governor of North Carolina (born 1725)

Samuel Ashe was the ninth governor of the U.S. state of North Carolina from 1795 to 1798. He was also one of the first three judges of the North Carolina Superior Court in 1787.

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13/02/1795

George (Konissky), Orthodox archbishop, preacher, philosopher and theologian (born 1717)

George, secular name Grigori Osipovich Konissky was an Orthodox archbishop, preacher, philosopher and theologian.

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13/02/1787

Roger Joseph Boscovich, Croatian physicist, astronomer, mathematician, and philosopher (born 1711)

Roger Joseph Boscovich was a physicist, astronomer, mathematician, philosopher, diplomat, poet, theologian, Jesuit priest, and a polymath from the Republic of Ragusa. He studied and lived in Italy and France where he also published many of his works.

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Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes, French lawyer and politician, Foreign Minister of France (born 1717)

Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes was a French statesman and diplomat. He served as Foreign Minister from 1774 to 1787 during the reign of Louis XVI, notably during the American War of Independence.

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13/02/1741

Johann Joseph Fux, Austrian composer and theorist (born 1660)

Johann Joseph Fux was an Austrian composer, music theorist and pedagogue of the late Baroque era. His most enduring work is not a musical composition but his treatise on counterpoint, Gradus ad Parnassum, which has become the single most influential book on the Palestrinian style of Renaissance polyphony.

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13/02/1732

Charles-René d'Hozier, French historian and author (born 1640)

Charles-René d'Hozier was a French historical commentator. The younger son of Pierre d'Hozier, he was the true successor of his father.

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13/02/1728

Cotton Mather, American minister and author (born 1663)

Cotton Mather was a Puritan clergyman and author in colonial New England, who wrote extensively on theological, historical, and scientific subjects. After being educated at Harvard College, he joined his father Increase as minister of the Congregationalist Old North Meeting House in Boston, then part of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, where he preached for the rest of his life. He has been referred to as the "first American Evangelical".

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13/02/1727

William Wotton, English linguist and scholar (born 1666)

William Wotton was an English theologian, classical scholar and linguist. He is chiefly remembered for his remarkable abilities in learning languages and for his involvement in the Quarrel of the Ancients and the Moderns. In Wales he is remembered as the collector and first translator of the ancient Welsh laws.

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13/02/1693

Johann Caspar Kerll, German organist and composer (born 1627)

Johann Caspar Kerll was a German Baroque composer and organist. He is also known as Kerl, Gherl, Giovanni Gasparo Cherll and Gaspard Kerle.

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13/02/1662

Elizabeth Stuart, queen of Bohemia (born 1596)

Elizabeth Stuart was Electress of the Palatinate and briefly Queen of Bohemia as the wife of Frederick V of the Palatinate. The couple's selection for the crown by the nobles of Bohemia was part of the political and religious turmoil that set off the Thirty Years' War. Since her husband's reign in Bohemia lasted over only one winter, she is called "The Winter Queen".

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13/02/1660

Charles X Gustav, king of Sweden (born 1622)

Charles X Gustav, also Carl X Gustav, was King of Sweden from 1654 until his death in 1660. He was the son of John Casimir, Count Palatine (Pfalzgraf) of Zweibrücken-Kleeburg, and Catherine of Sweden. After his father's death, he also succeeded him as Pfalzgraf. He was married to Hedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp, who bore his son and successor, Charles XI. Charles X Gustav was the second Wittelsbach king of Sweden after the childless king Christopher of Bavaria (1441–1448) and he was the first king of the Swedish Caroline era, which had its peak during the end of the reign of his son, Charles XI. He led Sweden during the Second Northern War, enlarging the Swedish Empire. By his predecessor Christina, he was considered de facto Duke of Eyland (Öland), before ascending to the Swedish throne. From 1655 to 1657, he also claimed the title of Grand Duke of Lithuania.

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13/02/1602

Alexander Nowell, English clergyman and theologian (born 1507)

Alexander Nowell, also known as Alexander Noel, was an Anglican priest and theologian who served as Dean of St Paul's during much of Elizabeth I's reign, and is now remembered for his catechisms, written in Latin.

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13/02/1585

Alfonso Salmeron, Spanish priest and scholar (born 1515)

Alfonso (Alphonsus) Salmerón, SJ was a Spanish biblical scholar, a Catholic priest, and one of the first Jesuits.

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13/02/1571

Benvenuto Cellini, Italian painter and sculptor (born 1500)

Benvenuto Cellini was an Italian goldsmith, sculptor, and author. His best-known extant works include the Cellini Salt Cellar, the sculpture of Perseus with the Head of Medusa, and his autobiography, which has been described as "one of the most important documents of the 16th century".

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13/02/1542

Catherine Howard, English wife of Henry VIII of England (executed; b. 1521)

Catherine Howard was Queen of England from July 1540 until November 1541 as the fifth wife of King Henry VIII. She was the daughter of Lord Edmund Howard and Joyce Culpeper, a first cousin to Anne Boleyn, and the niece of Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk. Thomas Howard was a prominent politician at Henry's court. He secured her a place in the household of Henry's fourth wife, Anne of Cleves, where Howard caught the King's interest. She married him on 28 July 1540 at Oatlands Palace in Surrey, just 19 days after the annulment of his marriage to Anne. Henry was 49, and it is widely accepted that Catherine was about 17 at the time of her marriage to him.

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13/02/1539

Isabella d'Este, Italian noblewoman (born 1474)

Isabella d'Este was the Marchioness of Mantua and one of the leading women of the Italian Renaissance as a major cultural and political figure.

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13/02/1351

Kō no Morofuyu, Japanese general

Kō no Morofuyu was a Japanese samurai lord who, together with his cousins Moronao and Moroyasu, was one of shogun Ashikaga Takauji's most important generals during the Nanboku-chō period. He was adopted as a son by Moronao. He was kami of Mikawa Province, shugo (governor) of Musashi Province and Kantō kanrei. Defeated by Uesugi Noriaki during the Kannō disturbance, he committed seppuku in Kai in 1351.

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13/02/1332

Andronikos II Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (born 1259)

Andronikos II Palaiologos, Latinized as Andronicus II Palaeologus, reigned as Byzantine emperor from 1282 to 1328. His reign marked the beginning of the recently restored empire's final decline. The Turks conquered most of Byzantium's remaining Anatolian territories, and Andronikos spent the last years of his reign fighting his own grandson in the First Palaiologan Civil War. The war ended in Andronikos' forced abdication in 1328, after which he retired to a monastery for the remainder of his life.

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13/02/1219

Minamoto no Sanetomo, Japanese shōgun (born 1192)

Minamoto no Sanetomo was a Japanese samurai, daimyo and the third shōgun of the Kamakura shogunate. He was the second son of the Kamakura shogunate founder, Minamoto no Yoritomo. His mother was Hōjō Masako and his older brother was the second Kamakura shogun Minamoto no Yoriie.

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13/02/1199

Stefan Nemanja, Serbian grand prince (born 1113)

Stefan Nemanja was the Grand Prince of the Serbian Grand Principality from 1166 to 1196. A member of the Vukanović dynasty, Nemanja founded the Nemanjić dynasty, and is remembered for his contributions to Serbian culture and history, founding what would evolve into the Serbian Empire, as well as the national church. According to the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Nemanja is also among the most remarkable Serbs for his literary contributions and altruistic attributes.

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13/02/1141

Béla II, king of Hungary and Croatia (born 1110)

Béla II the Blind was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1131 to 1141. He was blinded along with his rebellious father Álmos on the order of Álmos's brother, King Coloman of Hungary. Béla grew up in monasteries during the reign of Coloman's son Stephen II. The childless king arranged Béla's marriage with Helena of Rascia, who would become her husband's co-ruler throughout his reign.

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13/02/1130

Honorius II, pope of the Catholic Church (born 1060)

Pope Honorius II, born Lamberto Scannabecchi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 21 December 1124 to his death in 1130.

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13/02/1021

Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, Fatimid caliph (born 985)

Abu Ali al-Mansur, better known by his regnal name al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, was the sixth Fatimid caliph and 16th Ismaili imam (996–1021). Al-Hakim is an important figure in a number of Shia Ismaili sects, such as the world's 15 million Nizaris and 1–2 million Musta'lis, in addition to 2 million Druze.

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13/02/0988

Adalbert Atto, Lombard nobleman

Adalbert Atto was the first Count of Canossa and founder of that noble house which eventually was to play a determinant role in the political settling of Regnum Italicum and the Investiture Controversy in the eleventh and twelfth centuries.

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13/02/0942

Muhammad ibn Ra'iq, Abbasid emir and regent

Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Ra'iq, usually simply known as Ibn Ra'iq, was a senior official of the Abbasid Caliphate, who exploited the caliphal government's weakness to become the first amir al-umara of the Caliphate in 936. Deposed by rival Turkish military leaders in 938, he regained the post in 941 and kept it until his assassination in February 942.

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13/02/0936

Xiao Wen, empress of the Liao dynasty

Xiao Wen, probably née Shulü Wen (述律溫), was an empress consort of the Khitan-led Chinese Liao dynasty. She was the wife of Emperor Taizong and the mother of Emperor Muzong. In 935, she was accorded the posthumous name Empress Zhangde (彰德皇后) by Emperor Taizong. In 1052, her posthumous name was revised to Emperor Jing'an (靖安皇后) by Emperor Xingzong.

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13/02/0921

Vratislaus I, duke of Bohemia

Vratislaus I, a member of the Přemyslid dynasty, was Duke of Bohemia from 915 until his death in 921.

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13/02/0858

Kenneth MacAlpin, Scottish king (probable; b. 810)

Kenneth MacAlpin or Kenneth I was King of Dál Riada (841–850), and King of the Picts (848–858), of likely Gaelic origin. According to the traditional account, he inherited the throne of Dál Riada from his father Alpín mac Echdach, founder of the Alpínid dynasty. Kenneth I conquered the kingdom of the Picts in 843–850 and began a campaign to seize all of Scotland and assimilate the Picts, for which he was posthumously given the epithet An Ferbasach. He fought the Britons of the Kingdom of Strathclyde and the invading Vikings from Scandinavia. Forteviot became the capital of his kingdom and Kenneth relocated relics, including the Stone of Scone from the abandoned abbey on Iona, to his new domain.

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13/02/0721

Chilperic II, Frankish king (born 672)

Chilperic II was King of the Franks from 715 until his death.

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13/02/0106

Emperor He of Han (Han Hedi) of the Chinese Eastern Han dynasty (born AD 79)

Year 106 (CVI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Commodus and Civica. The denomination 106 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

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