Died on Thursday, 10th July – Famous Deaths

10/07/2025

David Gergen, American political consultant (born 1942)

David Richmond Gergen was an American political commentator and longtime presidential adviser who served during the administrations of Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, and Bill Clinton. He was later a senior political analyst for CNN and a professor of public service and the founding director of the Center for Public Leadership at the Harvard Kennedy School. Gergen was also the former editor at large of U.S. News & World Report and a contributor to CNN and Parade Magazine. He was twice a member of election coverage teams that won Peabody awards: in 1988 with MacNeil–Lehrer, and in 2008 with CNN.

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10/07/2024

Joe Engle, American Air Force officer, test pilot, and NASA astronaut (born 1932)

Joseph Henry Engle was an American pilot, aeronautical engineer, and NASA astronaut. He was the commander of two Space Shuttle missions including STS-2 in 1981, the program's second orbital flight. He also flew two flights in the Shuttle program's 1977 Approach and Landing Tests. Engle was one of twelve pilots who flew the North American X-15, an experimental spaceplane jointly operated by the Air Force and NASA.

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Alex Janvier, Native American Artist (born 1935)

Alexan Simeon Janvier was a First Nations painter in Canada. A member of the Indian Group of Seven, he helped pioneer contemporary Aboriginal art in Canada.

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Dave Loggins, American musician (born 1947)

David Allen Loggins was an American singer, songwriter, and musician. He is best known for his 1974 hit single "Please Come to Boston" as well as his 1984 duet with Anne Murray, "Nobody Loves Me Like You Do".

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10/07/2022

Maurice Boucher, Canadian outlaw biker (born 1953)

Maurice Boucher was a Canadian gangster, convicted murderer, reputed drug trafficker, and outlaw biker. He was once president of the Quebec Nomads chapter of the Hells Angels Motorcycle Club. Boucher led Montreal's Hells Angels against the rival Rock Machine biker gang during the Quebec Biker War of 1994 through 2002 in Quebec, Canada. In 2002, Boucher was convicted on two counts of first degree murder for ordering the murders of two Quebec prison officers in an effort to destabilize the Quebec Justice system.

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10/07/2020

Lara van Ruijven, Dutch short track speed skater (born 1992)

Lara Victoria van Ruijven was a Dutch short track speed skater. At the 2018 Winter Olympics, she was part of the Dutch 3000 metres relay team that won a bronze medal. She won gold at the World Championships one year later. By doing so, she became the first Dutch woman to win a world short track title at an individual event.

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Jack Charlton, English footballer and manager (born 1935)

John Charlton was an English professional footballer and manager who played as a centre-back for Leeds United. He was part of the England national team that won the 1966 World Cup and managed the Republic of Ireland national team from 1986 to 1996, taking them to two World Cups and one European Championship. He was given Irish citizenship in 1996. He was the elder brother of Manchester United forward Bobby Charlton and one of his teammates in England's World Cup final victory.

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10/07/2019

Denise Nickerson, American former child actress known for playing Violet Beauregarde in Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory (born 1957)

Denise Marie Nickerson was an American actress. Starting her career as a child actress, at the age of 13, she starred as Violet Beauregarde in the 1971 film Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory. She later played Allison on The Electric Company, and had recurring roles as Amy Jennings, Nora Collins, and Amy Collins in the soap opera Dark Shadows. She left the acting profession in 1978 and later worked as a receptionist and office manager.

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10/07/2018

Henry Morgenthau III, American author and television producer (born 1917)

Henry Morgenthau III was an American author and television producer, and scion of the Morgenthau dynasty and member of the Lehman family.

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10/07/2016

Katharina Focke, German politician (born 1922)

Katharina Focke was a German politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). She served as Federal Minister of Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth from 1972 to 1976.

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10/07/2015

Roger Rees, Welsh-American actor and director (born 1944)

Roger Rees was a Welsh-American actor and director. He won an Olivier Award and a Tony Award for his performance as the lead in The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby. He also received Obie Awards for his role in The End of the Day and as co-director of Peter and the Starcatcher. Rees was posthumously inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame in November 2015.

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Omar Sharif, Egyptian actor (born 1932)

Omar Sharif was an Egyptian actor, generally regarded as his country's greatest male film star. He began his career in Egypt in the early 1950s. He is best known for his appearances in American, British, French, and Italian productions, and has been described as "the first Egyptian and Arab to conquer Hollywood". His career encompassed over 100 films spanning 50 years, and brought him many accolades including three Golden Globe Awards and a César Award for Best Actor.

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Jon Vickers, Canadian tenor (born 1926)

Jonathan Stewart Vickers, known professionally as Jon Vickers, was a world renowned Canadian heldentenor.

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10/07/2014

Robert C. Broomfield, American lawyer and judge (born 1933)

Robert Cameron Broomfield was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Arizona.

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Juozas Kazickas, Lithuanian-American businessman and philanthropist (born 1918)

Juozas Petras Kazickas or Joseph P. Kazickas was a Lithuanian-American businessman, self-made multi-millionaire and philanthropist. With assets estimated worth over 3 billion litas, he was considered to be the wealthiest Lithuanian in 2006.

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Paul G. Risser, American ecologist and academic (born 1939)

Paul Gillan Risser was an American ecologist and academic from Oklahoma. He served as president of Miami University and Oregon State University before becoming chancellor of the Oklahoma State System of Higher Education.

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Zohra Sehgal, Indian actress, dancer, and choreographer (born 1912)

Zohra Mumtaz Sehgal was an Indian actress, dancer, and choreographer. Having begun her career as a member of a contemporary dance troupe, she transitioned into acting roles beginning in the 1940s. Sehgal appeared in several British films, television shows, and Bollywood productions in a career that spanned over eight decades.

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Gloria Schweigerdt, American baseball player (born 1934)

Gloria June "Tippy" Schweigerdt was an American pitcher who played from 1950 through 1952 in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL). Listed at 5 ft 4 in (1.63 m), 120 lb, she batted and threw right-handed.

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10/07/2013

Philip Caldwell, American businessman (born 1920)

Philip Caldwell was the first person to run the Ford Motor Company who was not a member of the Ford family. He orchestrated one of the most dramatically successful turnarounds in business history.

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Józef Gara, Polish poet and linguist (born 1929)

Józef Gara was a miner who spoke an endangered language of Wilamowice, Wymysorys, which had only 70 native speakers, and created the Wymysorys alphabet. He also wrote poetry in Wymysorys. In 2003 he published Zbiór wierszy oraz słownik języka wilamowskiego. In 2004 he collected old Wymysorys songs, corrected and extended the old ones with a view of releasing them. Between 2004 and 2006 he taught Wymysorys in a primary school in Wilamowice.

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Concha García Campoy, Spanish journalist (born 1958)

Concepción García Campoy, also known as Concha García Campoy, was a Spanish radio and television journalist and personality.

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Caroline Duby Glassman, American lawyer and jurist (born 1922)

Caroline Duby Glassman was an American attorney and former jurist in the state of Maine. A native of Oregon, she completed college and law school in that state before moving to Portland, Maine, where she practiced law with her husband Harry P. Glassman. In 1983, she became the first woman to serve on the Maine Supreme Judicial Court.

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Ku Ok-hee, South Korean golfer (born 1956)

Ku Ok-hee was a South Korean professional golfer who played on the LPGA of Japan Tour and the LPGA Tour.

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Gokulananda Mahapatra, Indian author and academic (born 1922)

Gokulananda Mahapatra was an Indian scientist and science fiction writer, who popularized science in the Odia language. Mahapatra has authored over 95 science fiction and children science books. Some of his notable contributions are Krutrima Upagraha, Prithibi bahare Manisha, Chandra ra Mrutyu, Nishabda Godhuli, Madam Curie and Nila Chakra Bala Sapare. He was the founding member of Orissa Bigyana Prachar Samhiti with the objective of making science popular in the state of Orissa. He received Orissa Sahitya Akademy Award for his book E juga ra sreshtha abiskara.

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10/07/2012

Dolphy, Filipino actor, singer, and producer (born 1928)

Rodolfo Vera Quizon Sr., known professionally as Dolphy, was a Filipino comedian and actor. Widely regarded by Philippine media as the country's "King of Comedy", he starred in a long list of comedy films and television series over a career spanning more than six decades.

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Peter Kyros, American lawyer and politician (born 1925)

Peter Nicholas Kyros was an American attorney, politician, and lobbyist who served as a Democratic U.S. representative from Maine from 1967 to 1975.

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Berthe Meijer, German-Dutch journalist and author (born 1938)

Berthe Meijer was a Dutch Holocaust survivor and author. In her memoir of her time imprisoned in Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, she wrote of knowing Anne Frank, which was corroborated by other camp survivors. She was also a culinary journalist and published a cookbook.

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Fritz Langanke, German lieutenant (born 1919)

The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and its variants were the highest awards in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded for a wide range of reasons and across all ranks, from a senior commander for skilled leadership of his troops in battle to a low-ranking soldier for a single act of extreme gallantry. A total of 7,321 awards were made between its first presentation on 30 September 1939 and its last bestowal on 17 June 1945. This number is based on the analysis and acceptance of the order commission of the Association of Knight's Cross Recipients (AKCR). Presentations were made to members of the three military branches of the Wehrmacht—the Heer (Army), Kriegsmarine (Navy) and Luftwaffe —as well as the Waffen-SS, the Reichsarbeitsdienst and the Volkssturm. There were also 43 recipients in the military forces of allies of the Third Reich.

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Viktor Suslin, Russian-German composer (born 1942)

Viktor Yevseyevich Suslin was a Russian composer. An associate of Sofia Gubaidulina's, together with her and Vyacheslav Artyomov he formed the improvisatory ensemble 'Astraea' in 1975. He emigrated to Germany in 1981.

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10/07/2011

Pierrette Alarie, Canadian soprano and educator (born 1921)

Pierrette Alarie, was a French Canadian coloratura soprano. She was married to the French-Canadian tenor Léopold Simoneau.

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Roland Petit, French dancer and choreographer (born 1924)

Roland Petit was a French ballet company director, choreographer and dancer. He trained at the Paris Opera Ballet school, and became well known for his creative ballets.

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10/07/2009

Ebba Haslund, Norwegian writer (born 1917)

Ebba Margareta Haslund Halvorsen was an American-Norwegian novelist, writer of short stories, playwright, essayist, children's writer, literary critic, radio speaker and politician.

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10/07/2008

Hiroaki Aoki, Japanese-American wrestler and businessman, founded Benihana (born 1938)

Hiroaki Aoki , better known as Rocky Aoki, was a Japanese-American restaurateur, professional offshore powerboat racer and amateur wrestler. He was the founder of the Japanese cuisine restaurant chain Benihana and Genesis magazine.

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Mike Souchak, American golfer (born 1927)

Michael Souchak was an American professional golfer. He won fifteen events on the PGA Tour in the 1950s and 1960s and represented the United States for the Ryder Cup in 1959 and 1961.

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10/07/2007

Abdul Rashid Ghazi, chancellor of Faridia University. (born 1964)

Abdul Rashid Ghazi was a Pakistani Islamic scholar and diplomat-turned Islamist dissident who served as Khatib of Lal Masjid, the Chief Executive of Jamia Faridia University, the Chairman of Defense of Human Rights Pakistan (DHR), a member of UNICEF Committee on preventive healthcare and a leader of Difa-e-Pakistan Council. Prior to this he had worked for the Ministry of Education and was a diplomat affiliated with UNESCO, a specialized agency of the United Nations.

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Doug Marlette, American cartoonist and author (born 1949)

Douglas Nigel Marlette was a Pulitzer Prize-winning American editorial cartoonist who, at the time of his death, had also published two novels and was "finding his voice in writing long-length fiction." His popular comic strip Kudzu, distributed by Tribune Media Services from 1981 to 2007, was adapted into a musical comedy.

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10/07/2006

Shamil Basayev, Chechen terrorist rebel leader (born 1965)

Shamil Salmanovich Basayev, also known by his kunya Abu Idris, was a Chechen guerrilla leader who served as a senior military commander in the breakaway Chechen Republic of Ichkeria. He held the rank of brigadier general in the Armed Forces of Ichkeria, and was posthumously declared generalissimo. As a military commander in the separatist armed forces of Chechnya, one of his most notable battles was the separatist recapture of Grozny in 1996, which he personally planned and commanded together with Aslan Maskhadov. He also masterminded several of the worst terrorist attacks that occurred in Russia.

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Lennart Bladh, Swedish politician (born 1920)

Lennart Villiam Bladh was a Swedish politician who served as member of the Riksdag (MP) from 1974 to 1985.

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10/07/2005

A. J. Quinnell, English author (born 1940)

Philip Nicholson, known by his pen name A. J. Quinnell, was an English thriller novelist. He is best known for his novel Man on Fire, which has been adapted to film twice, most recently in 2004 featuring Denzel Washington. Later in life he spent much of his time in Gozo, Malta, where he died.

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10/07/2004

Pati Behrs, Russian-American ballerina and actress (born 1922)

Pati Behrs Eristoff was a Russian-American prima ballerina and actress.

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10/07/2003

Winston Graham, English author (born 1908)

Winston Mawdsley Graham OBE, born Winston Grime, was an English novelist best known for the Poldark series of historical novels set in Cornwall, though he also wrote numerous other works, including contemporary thrillers, period novels, short stories, non-fiction and plays. Graham was the author's pseudonym until he changed his name by deed poll from Grime to Graham on 7 May 1947.

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Hartley Shawcross, Baron Shawcross, German-English lawyer and politician, Attorney General for England and Wales (born 1902)

Hartley William Shawcross, Baron Shawcross,, known from 1945 to 1959 as Sir Hartley Shawcross, was an English barrister and Labour politician who served as the lead British prosecutor at the Nuremberg War Crimes tribunal. He also served as Britain's principal delegate to the United Nations immediately after the Second World War and as Attorney General for England and Wales.

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10/07/2002

Jean-Pierre Côté, Canadian politician, 23rd Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (born 1926)

Joseph Julien Jean-Pierre Côté was a Canadian parliamentarian and the 23rd Lieutenant Governor of Quebec.

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Evangelos Florakis, Greek general (born 1943)

Evangelos Florakis was a Greek Army officer who rose to the rank of lieutenant general. After retiring from the Hellenic Army, from 2000 until his death in a helicopter accident in 2002 he commanded the Cypriot National Guard.

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Laurence Janifer, American author (born 1933)

Laurence Mark Janifer was an American science fiction author, with a career spanning over 50 years.

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10/07/2000

Vakkom Majeed, Indian journalist and politician (born 1909)

Vakkom Majeed was an Indian freedom fighter, politician and a former member of the Travancore-Cochin State Assembly. He was born into one of the most prominent aristocratic Muslim families in Travancore. Influenced by the works of his uncle, Vakkom Moulavi, he became involved in social and political reform movements. Majeed was one of the early architects of the Indian National Congress in Travancore, eventually becoming the Member of the Legislative Assembly for Attingal constituency (1948–1952). Regarded as one of the great Indian nationalists of 20th century, Majeed belonged to a tradition of politics that was intrinsically value-based, secular and humanistic.

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10/07/1996

Eno Raud, Estonian author (born 1928)

Eno Raud was an Estonian children's writer. His works are considered classics in Estonia as well as in the other former Soviet countries. Raud was included in International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY) Honour List in 1974.

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10/07/1995

Mehmet Ali Aybar, Turkish lawyer and politician (born 1908)

Mehmet Ali Aybar was a lawyer, member of the Turkish parliament, the second president of the Workers Party of Turkey, the founder and President of the Socialist Revolution Party, and a member of the Russell Tribunal against the war crimes of the United States in Vietnam. He is known as one of the most prominent proponents of democratic socialism in Turkish political history.

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10/07/1993

Ruth Krauss, American author and poet (born 1901)

Ruth Ida Krauss was an American writer of children's books, including The Carrot Seed, and of theatrical poems for adult readers. Many of her books are still in print.

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Sam Rolfe, American screenwriter and producer (born 1924)

Samuel Harris Rolfe was an American screenwriter best known for creating the 1950–60s highly rated CBS television series Have Gun – Will Travel, as well as his work on the 1960s NBC television series The Man from U.N.C.L.E. and The Eleventh Hour.

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10/07/1989

Mel Blanc, American voice actor (born 1908)

Melvin Jerome Blanc was an American voice actor and radio personality whose career spanned over sixty years. Referred to as "The Man of a Thousand Voices", he is regarded as the greatest and most influential voice actor of all time. Blanc is best known for providing voices for Looney Tunes cartoons by Warner Bros. during the golden age of American animation.

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10/07/1987

John Hammond, American record producer, critic, and activist (born 1910)

John Henry Hammond Jr. was an American record producer, civil rights activist, and music critic active from the 1930s to the early 1980s. As a talent scout, Hammond became one of the most influential figures in 20th-century popular music. He is the father of blues musician John P. Hammond.

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10/07/1986

Tadeusz Piotrowski, Polish mountaineer and author (born 1940)

Tadeusz Piotrowski was a Polish mountaineer and author of several books related to the subject. He has been referred to as "perhaps the finest winter mountaineer of his day".

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10/07/1985

Fernando Pereira, Dutch photographer (born 1950)

Fernando Pereira was a Portuguese-Dutch freelance photographer, who drowned when French intelligence (DGSE) detonated a bomb and sank the Rainbow Warrior, owned by the environmental organisation Greenpeace on 10 July 1985.

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10/07/1980

Joseph Krumgold, American author and screenwriter (born 1908)

Joseph Quincy Krumgold was an American writer of books and screenplays. He was the first person to win two annual Newbery Medals for the most distinguished new American children's book.

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10/07/1979

Arthur Fiedler, American conductor (born 1894)

Arthur Fiedler was an American conductor known for his association with both the Boston Symphony and Boston Pops orchestras. With a combination of musicianship and showmanship, he made the Boston Pops one of the best-known orchestras in the United States. Fiedler was sometimes criticized for over-popularizing music, particularly when adapting popular songs or editing portions of the classical repertoire, but he kept performances informal and sometimes self-mocking to attract a bigger audience.

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10/07/1978

John D. Rockefeller III, American businessman and philanthropist, founded the Asia Society (born 1906)

John Davison Rockefeller III was an American philanthropist. Rockefeller was the eldest son and second child of John D. Rockefeller Jr. and Abby Aldrich Rockefeller as well as a grandson of Standard Oil co-founder John D. Rockefeller. He was engaged in a wide range of philanthropic projects, many of which his family had launched, as well as supporting organizations related to East Asian affairs. Rockefeller was also a major supporter of the Population Council, and the committee that created the Lincoln Center in Manhattan.

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10/07/1976

Costas Georgiou, Cypriot-born British mercenary in the Angolan Civil War (born 1951)

Costas Georgiou, also known by his alias Colonel Callan, was a Greek Cypriot turned-mercenary who was executed following the Luanda Trial for activities during the Angolan Civil War after being captured by MPLA forces.

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10/07/1972

Lovie Austin, American pianist, composer, and bandleader (born 1887)

Cora "Lovie" Austin was an American Chicago bandleader, session musician, composer, singer, and arranger during the 1920s classic blues era. She and Lil Hardin Armstrong are often ranked as two of the best female jazz blues piano players of the period.

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10/07/1971

Laurent Dauthuille, French boxer (born 1924)

Laurent Dauthuille was a French boxer.

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10/07/1970

Bjarni Benediktsson, Icelandic academic and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Iceland (born 1908)

Bjarni Benediktsson was an Icelandic politician of the Independence Party who served as prime minister of Iceland from 1963 to 1970. He was born to Benedikt Sveinsson (1877–1954), a leader in the independence movement of Iceland and a member of the Althingi from 1908 to 1931, and Guðrún Pétursdóttir frá Engey, a nationally renowned poet.

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10/07/1963

Teddy Wakelam, English rugby player and sportscaster (born 1893)

Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Blythe Thornhill Wakelam, known as Teddy Wakelam, was an English sports broadcaster and rugby union player who captained Harlequin F.C.

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10/07/1962

Yehuda Leib Maimon, Israeli rabbi and politician (born 1875)

Yehuda Leib Maimon was an Israeli rabbi, politician and leader of the Religious Zionist movement. He was Israel's first Minister of Religion.

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10/07/1960

Sæbjørn Buttedahl, Norwegian actor and sculptor (born 1876)

Sæbjørn Buttedahl was a Norwegian stage and film actor who later found prominence as a sculptor.

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10/07/1956

Joe Giard, American baseball player (born 1898)

Joseph Oscar Giard was an American Major League Baseball pitcher.

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10/07/1954

Calogero Vizzini, Italian mob boss (born 1877)

Calogero Vizzini, also commonly known as "Don Calò", was a Sicilian Mafia boss of Villalba in the province of Caltanissetta, Sicily. He was considered to be one of the most influential and legendary Mafia bosses of Sicily after World War II until his death in 1954. In the media, Don Calò was often depicted as the "boss of bosses" – although such a position does not exist in the loose structure of Cosa Nostra.

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10/07/1952

Rued Langgaard, Danish organist and composer (born 1893)

Rued Langgaard was a late-Romantic Danish composer and organist. His then-unconventional music was at odds with that of his Danish contemporaries but was recognized 16 years after his death.

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10/07/1950

Richard Maury, American-Argentinian engineer (born 1882)

Richard Fontaine Maury was an American railway engineer and naturalized Argentine. He became known for the project of the Argentine "Ramal C-14" of the Ferrocarril General Manuel Belgrano and the touristic Tren a las Nubes.

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10/07/1941

Jelly Roll Morton, American pianist, composer, and bandleader (born 1890)

Ferdinand Joseph LaMothe, known professionally as Jelly Roll Morton, was an American blues and jazz pianist, bandleader, and composer of Louisiana Creole descent. Morton was jazz's first arranger, proving that a genre rooted in improvisation could retain its essential characteristics when notated. His composition "Jelly Roll Blues", published in 1915, was one of the first published jazz compositions. He also claimed to have invented the genre.

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Huntley Wright, English actor (born 1868)

Huntley Wright was an English stage and film actor, comedian, dancer and singer, best known for creating roles in many important Edwardian musical comedies.

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10/07/1938

Arthur Barclay, 15th president of Liberia (born 1854)

Arthur Barclay was the 15th president of Liberia from 1904 to 1912.

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10/07/1929

Ève Lavallière, French actress (born 1866)

Ève Lavallière was a French stage actress and later a noteworthy Catholic penitent and member of the Secular Franciscan Order.

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10/07/1920

John Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher, British admiral (born 1841)

Admiral of the Fleet John Arbuthnot Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher,, commonly known as Jacky or Jackie Fisher, was a Royal Navy officer. Fisher was chiefly recognised as an innovator, strategist, and architect of naval reform rather than as an operational admiral, although he held combat commands throughout his career. Appointed First Sea Lord in 1904, Fisher played a critical role in the Anglo-German naval arms race, helping to modernise the British navy ahead of the First World War.

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10/07/1915

Hendrik Willem Mesdag, Dutch painter (born 1831)

Hendrik Willem Mesdag was a Dutch marine painter.

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10/07/1908

Phoebe Knapp, American organist and composer (born 1839)

Phoebe Knapp was an American composer of music for hymns and an organist. She composed the music for over five hundred hymns.

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10/07/1884

Paul Morphy, American chess player (born 1837)

Paul Charles Morphy was an American chess player. During his brief career in the late 1850s, Morphy was acknowledged as the world's greatest chess master. Later commentators have concluded that he was far ahead of his time.

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10/07/1881

Georg Hermann Nicolai, German architect and academic (born 1812)

Georg Hermann Nicolai was a German architect and educator, Professor of Architecture at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts on the Brühl Terrace in Dresden from 1850 until his death.

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10/07/1863

Clement Clarke Moore, American author and educator (born 1779)

Clement Clarke Moore was an American writer, scholar and real estate developer. He is best known as author of the Christmas poem "A Visit from St. Nicholas", which first named each of Santa Claus's reindeer.

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10/07/1851

Louis Daguerre, French photographer and physicist, invented the daguerreotype (born 1787)

Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre was a French scientist, artist and photographer recognized for his invention of the eponymous daguerreotype process of photography. He became known as one of the fathers of photography. Though he is most famous for his contributions to photography, he was also an accomplished painter, scenic designer, and a developer of the diorama theatre.

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10/07/1806

George Stubbs, English painter and academic (born 1724)

George Stubbs was an English painter, best known for his paintings of horses. Self-trained, Stubbs learnt his skills independently from other great artists of the 18th century such as Joshua Reynolds and Thomas Gainsborough. Stubbs' output includes history paintings, but his greatest skill was in painting animals, perhaps influenced by his love and study of anatomy. His series of paintings on the theme of a lion attacking a horse are early and significant examples of the Romantic movement that emerged in the late 18th century. He enjoyed royal patronage. His painting Whistlejacket hangs in the National Gallery, London.

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10/07/1794

Gaspard de Bernard de Marigny, French general (born 1754)

Gaspard Augustin René Bernard de Marigny was a French officer and Vendéen general.

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10/07/1776

Richard Peters, English lawyer and minister (born 1704)

Richard Peters, born in Liverpool became an attorney, Anglican minister, and civil servant. In 1735 he emigrated to Pennsylvania, where he served in numerous posts for the Penn family, including on the Governor's Council from 1749 to 1775, and eventually became rector of Christ Church in Philadelphia.

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10/07/1686

John Fell, English bishop and academic (born 1625)

John Fell was an English churchman and influential academic. He served as Dean of Christ Church, Oxford, and later concomitantly as Bishop of Oxford.

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10/07/1683

François Eudes de Mézeray, French historian and author (born 1610)

François Eudes de Mézeray was a French historian.

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10/07/1680

Louis Moréri, French priest and scholar (born 1643)

Louis Moréri was a French priest and encyclopedist. Moreri was the author of Le Grand Dictionaire historique, ou le mélange curieux de l'histoire sacrée et profane. At least 24 editions of the encyclopedia were published between 1674 and 1759 and the encyclopedia was translated into a number of languages, including English, German, Dutch and Spanish.

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10/07/1653

Gabriel Naudé, French librarian and scholar (born 1600)

Gabriel Naudé was a French librarian and scholar. He was a prolific writer who produced works on many subjects including politics, religion, history and the supernatural. In 1627, he published an influential book in the field of library science called Advice on Establishing a Library. Naudé was later able to put into practice all the ideas he had put forth in Advice when he was given the opportunity to build and maintain the Bibliothèque Mazarine, the library of Cardinal Mazarin at Paris.

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10/07/1621

Charles Bonaventure de Longueval, French commander (born 1571)

Charles Bonaventure de Longueval, 2nd Count of Bucquoy was a military commander who fought for the Spanish Netherlands during the Eighty Years' War and for the Holy Roman Empire during the Thirty Years' War.

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10/07/1603

Joan Terès i Borrull, Spanish archbishop and academic (born 1538)

Joan Terès i Borrull was presbyter of Vic, auxiliary bishop of Morocco (1575–1579), bishop of Elne (1579–1586) and of Tortosa (1586–1587), and archbishop of Tarragona (1587–1603). He was viceroy of Catalonia (1602–1603) and councillor of King Philip III of Spain.

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10/07/1594

Paolo Bellasio, Italian organist and composer (born 1554)

Paolo Bellasio was an Italian composer and organist of the late Renaissance. He is generally considered to be a member of the Roman School, though unusually for the group he seems to have written only madrigals.

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10/07/1590

Charles II, archduke of Austria (born 1540)

Charles II Francis of Austria was an Archduke of Austria and a ruler of Inner Austria from 1564. He was a member of the House of Habsburg.

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10/07/1584

William I, Dutch nobleman (born 1533)

William the Silent or William the Taciturn, more commonly known in the Netherlands as William of Orange, was the leader of the Dutch revolt against the Spanish Habsburgs that set off the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648) and resulted in the formal independence of the United Provinces in 1648. Born into the House of Nassau, he became Prince of Orange in 1544 and is thereby the founder of the Orange-Nassau branch and the ancestor of the monarchy of the Netherlands. In the Netherlands, he is also known as Father of the Fatherland.

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10/07/1576

Eleonora di Garzia di Toledo, Italian noble (born 1553)

Eleonora di Garzia di Toledo or Leonor Álvarez de Toledo Osorio, more often known as "Leonora" or "Dianora", was the daughter of García Álvarez de Toledo, 4th Marquis of Villafranca, Duke of Fernandina. Leonora was born in Florence, where she was raised by Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and his wife Eleanor of Toledo, her aunt and namesake.

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10/07/1559

Henry II, king of France (born 1519)

Henry II was King of France from 1547 until his death in 1559. The second son of Francis I and Claude, Duchess of Brittany, he became Dauphin of France upon the death of his elder brother Francis in 1536.

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10/07/1510

Catherine Cornaro, queen of Cyprus (born 1454)

Catherine Cornaro was the last monarch of the Kingdom of Cyprus, also holding the titles of Queen of Jerusalem and Queen of Armenia. She became queen consort of Cyprus by marriage to James II of Cyprus, and then regent of Cyprus during the minority of her son James III of Cyprus in 1473–1474, and finally queen regnant of Cyprus upon his death. She reigned from 26 August 1474 to 26 February 1489 and was declared a "Daughter of Saint Mark" in order that the Republic of Venice could claim control of Cyprus after the death of her husband.

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10/07/1480

René of Anjou, French nobleman (born 1400)

René I of Anjou was Duke of Anjou and Count of Provence from 1434 to 1480, who also reigned as King of Naples from 1435 to 1442. Having spent his last years in Aix-en-Provence, he is known in France as the Good King René.

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10/07/1473

James II, king of Cyprus

James II was the penultimate King of Cyprus (usurper), reigning from 1460/1464 until his death.

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10/07/1461

Thomas, king of Bosnia (born 1411)

Stephen Thomas, a member of the House of Kotromanić, reigned from 1443 until his death as the penultimate king of Bosnia.

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10/07/1460

Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham, English commander and politician, Lord High Constable of England (born 1402)

Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham, 6th Earl of Stafford, 7th Baron Stafford of Stafford Castle in Staffordshire, was an English nobleman and a military commander in the Hundred Years' War and the Wars of the Roses. Through his mother he was of royal descent from King Edward III, his great-grandfather, while from his father, he inherited, at an early age, the earldom of Stafford. By his marriage to a daughter of Ralph, Earl of Westmorland, Humphrey was related to the powerful Neville family and to many of the leading aristocratic houses of the time. He joined the English campaign in France with King Henry V in 1420. Following Henry V's death two years later he became a councillor for the new king, the nine-month-old Henry VI. Stafford acted as a peacemaker during the factional politics of the 1430s, when Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, vied with Cardinal Beaufort for political supremacy. Stafford also took part in the eventual arrest of Gloucester in 1447.

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John Talbot, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury, English nobleman (born c. 1413)

John Talbot was the 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury, 2nd Earl of Waterford, 8th Baron Talbot, KG was an English nobleman and soldier and the son of John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury, 1st Earl of Waterford, 7th Baron Talbot, 10th Baron Strange of Blackmere, and Maud Neville, 6th Baroness Furnivall.

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10/07/1290

Ladislaus IV, king of Hungary (born 1262)

Ladislaus IV, also known as Ladislaus the Cuman, was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1272 to 1290. His mother, Elizabeth, was the daughter of a chieftain from the pagan Cumans who had settled in Hungary. At the age of seven, he married Elisabeth, a daughter of King Charles I of Sicily. Ladislaus was only 9 when a rebellious lord, Joachim Gutkeled, kidnapped and imprisoned him.

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10/07/1103

Eric I, king of Denmark (born 1060)

Eric I, also known as Eric the Good or Eric Evergood, was King of Denmark following his brother Olaf I Hunger in 1095. He was a son of Sweyn II. His mother's identity remains unknown. He married Boedil Thurgotsdatter.

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10/07/1086

Canute IV, king of Denmark (born 1043)

Canute IV, later known as Canute the Holy or Saint Canute, was King of Denmark from 1080 until 1086. Canute was an ambitious king who sought to strengthen the Danish monarchy, devotedly supported the Roman Catholic Church, and had designs on the English throne. Slain by rebels in 1086, he was the first Danish king to be canonized. He was recognized by the Roman Catholic Church as patron saint of Denmark in 1101.

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10/07/0994

Leopold I, margrave of Austria

Leopold I, known as the Illustrious was a member of the House of Babenberg who ruled as Margrave of Austria from 976 until his death. He was the first margrave of the Babenberg dynasty which ruled the March and Duchy of Austria until its extinction in 1246.

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10/07/0983

Benedict VII, pope of the Catholic Church

Pope Benedict VII was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from October 974 to his death on 10 July 983.

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10/07/0831

Zubaidah bint Ja`far, Abbasid Princess

Zubaidah bint Ja`far ibn al-Mansur was the best known of the Abbasid princesses, and the wife and double cousin of Harun al-Rashid. She is particularly remembered for the series of wells, reservoirs and artificial pools that provided water for Muslim pilgrims along the route from Baghdad to Mecca and Medina, which was renamed the Darb Zubaidah in her honor. The exploits of her and her husband, Harun al-Rashid, form part of the basis for The Thousand and One Nights.

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10/07/0772

Amalberga of Temse, Frankish noblewoman

Amalberga of Temse was probably a Frisian venerated Christian woman who was likely a Frankish subject from the Ardennes, located in Francia. She was a consecrated virgin, and probably the superior abbess of nuns in a religious community. She is considered as a saint in both the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church, despite never being officially canonized as a saint. Raised by Saint Landrada, who founded Munsterbilsen Abbey, she is known for her refusal of Charlemagne's offer of marriage. Amalberga became a nun under Landrada and either succeeded her as abbess or governed a community of nuns on her own lands.

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10/07/0649

Tai Zong, Chinese emperor (born 598)

Emperor Taizong of Tang, previously Prince of Qin, personal name Li Shimin, was the second emperor of the Tang dynasty of China, ruling from 626 to 649. He is traditionally regarded as a co-founder of the dynasty for his role in encouraging his father Li Yuan to rebel against the Sui dynasty at Jinyang in 617. Taizong subsequently played a pivotal role in defeating several of the dynasty's most dangerous opponents and solidifying its rule over China proper.

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10/07/0645

Soga no Iruka, Japanese politician

Soga no Iruka was the son of Soga no Emishi, a statesman in the Asuka Period of Japan.

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10/07/0138

Hadrian, Roman emperor (born 76)

Year 138 (CXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Niger and Camerinus. The denomination 138 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

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