Died on Wednesday, 11th March – Famous Deaths

11/03/2025

Junior Bridgeman, American basketball player and businessman (born 1953)

Ulysses Lee "Junior" Bridgeman Jr. was an American professional basketball player and businessman. Bridgeman played in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the Milwaukee Bucks and Los Angeles Clippers from 1975 until 1987. Following his career, Bridgeman owned hundreds of fast-food restaurants, became a Coca-Cola bottler and distributor, and acquired Ebony and Jet magazines. Despite never making more than $350,000 a season during his NBA career, Bridgeman had a net worth of over $1.4 billion, making him one of the wealthiest former athletes in the world.

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Clive Revill, New Zealand actor and singer (born 1930)

Clive Selsby Revill was a New Zealand actor and singer, best known for his performances in musical theatre and the London stage. A veteran of the Royal Shakespeare Company, he also starred in numerous films and television programmes, often in character parts. He was a two-time Tony Award nominee, as Best Featured Actor in a Musical for Irma La Douce and Best Actor in a Musical for Oliver!.

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11/03/2024

Paul Alexander, Polio survivor (born 1946)

Paul Richard Alexander was an American paralytic polio survivor, attorney and author. After contracting polio in 1952 at the age of six, he spent the remainder and vast majority of his life in an iron lung, and is currently recognized as the person to have spent the longest period of time occupying one at almost 72 years. Decades following his disablement, Alexander earned a bachelor's degree and Juris Doctor at the University of Texas at Austin, and was admitted to the bar in 1986. He self-published a memoir in 2020 and, late in life, built a following on TikTok.

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11/03/2022

Rupiah Banda, President of Zambia (born 1937)

Rupiah Bwezani Banda was a Zambian politician who served as the fourth president of Zambia from 2008 to 2011, taking over from Levy Mwanawasa. Banda was an active participant in politics from early in the presidency of Kenneth Kaunda, during which time he held several diplomatic posts.

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11/03/2021

Ray Campi, American singer and musician (born 1934)

Raymond Charles Campi was an American singer, musician and songwriter, nicknamed "The Rockabilly Rebel". He first recorded in the mid-1950s. Campi's trademark was his white double bass, which he often jumped on top of and "rode" while playing. He was a member of the Rockabilly Hall of Fame.

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Takis Mousafiris, Greek composer and songwriter (born 1936)

Takis Mousafiris was a Greek composer, lyricist and songwriter. He collaborated with several notable Greek singers such as Stratos Dionysiou, Dimitris Mitropanos, Rita Sakellariou and Tolis Voskopoulos, among others. He sometimes used two pseudonyms for his works, Antonis Zannas and Nikos Michael.

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11/03/2018

Ken Dodd, English comedian and singer (born 1927)

Sir Kenneth Arthur Dodd was an English comedian, actor and singer. He was described as "the last great music hall entertainer" and was primarily known for his live stand-up performances. As a singer he sold more than 100 million records.

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Siegfried Rauch, German actor (born 1932)

Siegfried Rauch was a German film and television actor. In a career spanning over 60 years, he appeared in several international film productions and had leading roles in numerous German television productions.

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Karl Lehmann, German cardinal (born 1936)

Karl Lehmann was a German prelate and cardinal of the Catholic Church. He served as Bishop of Mainz from 1983 to 2016, being elevated to the cardinalate in 2001.

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Mary Rosenblum, American science fiction and mystery author (born 1952)

Mary Rosenblum was an American science fiction and mystery author.

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11/03/2016

Iolanda Balaș, Romanian high jumper (born 1936)

Iolanda Balaș was a Romanian athlete, an Olympic champion and former world record holder in the high jump. She was the first Romanian woman to win an Olympic gold medal and is considered to have been one of the greatest high jumpers of the twentieth century.

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Doreen Massey, English geographer and political activist (born 1944)

Doreen Barbara Massey was a British social scientist and geographer. She specialized in Marxist geography, feminist geography, and cultural geography, as well as other topics. She was Professor of Geography at the Open University.

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11/03/2015

Walter Burkert, German philologist and scholar (born 1931)

Walter Burkert was a German scholar of Greek mythology and cult.

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Jimmy Greenspoon, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player (born 1948)

James Boyd Greenspoon was an American keyboard player and composer, best known as a member of the band Three Dog Night.

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11/03/2014

Dean Bailey, Australian footballer and coach (born 1967)

Dean Bailey was an Australian rules football player and coach. He played for the Essendon Football Club and was the senior coach of the Melbourne Football Club, as well as an assistant coach at Essendon and Port Adelaide and the Strategy & Innovation Coach at the Adelaide Football Club. Bailey died of lung cancer on 11 March 2014.

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Joel Brinkley, American journalist and academic (born 1952)

Joel Graham Brinkley was an American syndicated columnist. He taught in the journalism program at Stanford University from 2006 until 2013, after a 23-year career with The New York Times. He won the Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting in 1980 and was twice a finalist for a Pulitzer Prize for Investigative Reporting.

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11/03/2013

Martin Adolf Bormann, German priest and theologian (born 1930)

Martin Adolf Bormann was a German theologian and laicized Catholic priest. He was the eldest of the ten children of Martin Bormann.

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Simón Alberto Consalvi, Venezuelan journalist and politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs for Venezuela (born 1927)

Simón Alberto Consalvi was a Venezuelan politician, journalist, diplomat and historian.

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11/03/2012

James B. Morehead, American colonel and pilot (born 1916)

James Bruce Morehead was an American fighter pilot in World War II as a flying ace. He flew combat missions over a three-year span of the war with a total of eight aerial victories. He was awarded two Distinguished Service Crosses, a Silver Star, two Distinguished Flying Crosses and sixteen Air Medals

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11/03/2010

Hans van Mierlo, Dutch politician, Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands (born 1931)

Henricus Antonius Franciscus Maria Oliva "Hans" van Mierlo was a Dutch politician and journalist who co-founded Democrats 66 (D66).

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11/03/2006

Bernie Geoffrion, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (born 1931)

Joseph André Bernard Geoffrion, nicknamed "Boom Boom", was a Canadian professional ice hockey player and coach. Generally considered one of the innovators of the slapshot, he was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1972 following a 16-year career with the Montreal Canadiens and New York Rangers of the National Hockey League. In 2017 Geoffrion was named one of the '100 Greatest NHL Players' in history.

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Slobodan Milošević, Serbian lawyer and politician, 3rd President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (born 1941)

Slobodan Milošević was a Yugoslav and Serbian politician who was the president of Serbia between 1989 and 1997 and president of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1997 until his overthrow in 2000. Milošević played a major role in the Yugoslav Wars and became the first sitting head of state charged with war crimes.

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11/03/2002

James Tobin, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1918)

James Tobin was an American economist who served on the Council of Economic Advisers and consulted with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, and taught at Yale University. He contributed to the development of key ideas in the Keynesian economics of his generation and advocated government intervention in particular to stabilize output and avoid recessions. His academic work included pioneering contributions to the study of investment, monetary and fiscal policy and financial markets. He also proposed an econometric model for censored dependent variables, the well-known tobit model.

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11/03/1999

Herbert Jasper, Canadian psychologist, anatomist, and neurologist (born 1906)

Herbert Henri Jasper was a Canadian psychologist, physiologist, neurologist, and epileptologist.

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Camille Laurin, Canadian psychiatrist and politician (born 1922)

Camille Laurin was a psychiatrist and Parti Québécois (PQ) politician in the Canadian province of Quebec. A MNA member for the riding of Bourget, he is considered the father of Quebec's language law known informally as "Bill 101".

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11/03/1996

Vince Edwards, American actor and director (born 1928)

Vince Edwards was an American actor, director, and singer. He was best known for his TV role as Dr. Ben Casey and as Major Cliff Bricker in the 1968 war film The Devil's Brigade.

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11/03/1995

Myfanwy Talog, Welsh actress and singer (born 1945)

Myfanwy Talog Williams, known professionally as Myfanwy Talog, was a Welsh actress and the long-term partner of English actor David Jason.

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11/03/1992

Richard Brooks, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1912)

Richard Brooks was an American film director, screenwriter, journalist and novelist. He directed 24 feature films between 1950 and 1985, and was known for his portrayals of hard-hitting subject matter, psychologically-complex characters, and his independently-minded auteurist approach to filmmaking.

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11/03/1989

James Kee, American lawyer and politician (born 1917)

James Kee was an American politician. A member of the Democratic Party, he served in the United States House of Representatives for West Virginia's 5th congressional district from 1965 to 1973, succeeding his mother Elizabeth Kee. His father John Kee served in the same House seat from 1933 to 1951.

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John J. McCloy, American lawyer and diplomat (born 1895)

John Jay McCloy was an American lawyer, diplomat, banker, and high-ranking bureaucrat. He served as Assistant Secretary of War during World War II under Henry Stimson. In this capacity he dealt with German sabotage and political tensions in the North Africa Campaign. He was the prime mover of Japanese internment, as well as a high-ranking Federal bureaucrat who opposed the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

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11/03/1986

Sonny Terry, American singer and harmonica player (born 1911)

Saunders Terrell, known as Sonny Terry, was an American Piedmont blues and folk musician, who was known for his energetic blues harmonica style, which frequently included vocal whoops and hollers and occasionally imitations of trains and fox hunts.

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11/03/1982

Edmund Cooper, English poet and author (born 1926)

Edmund Cooper was an English poet and prolific writer of speculative fiction, romances, technical essays, several detective stories, and a children's book. These were published under his own name and several pen names.

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Horace Gregory, American poet, translator, and academic (born 1898)

Horace Gregory was a prize-winning American poet, translator of classic poetry, literary critic and college professor. He was awarded the Bollingen Prize in 1965.

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11/03/1978

Claude François, French entertainer (born 1939)

Claude Antoine Marie François, also known by the nickname Cloclo, was a French pop singer, composer, songwriter, record producer, drummer and dancer. François co-wrote the lyrics of "Comme d'habitude", the original version of "My Way", and composed the music of "Parce que je t'aime mon enfant", the original version of "My Boy". Among his other famous songs are "Le Téléphone Pleure", "Le lundi au soleil", "Magnolias for Ever" and "Alexandrie Alexandra". He also enjoyed considerable success with French-language versions of English-language songs, including "Belles! Belles! Belles!", "Cette année là" and "Je vais à Rio".

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11/03/1971

Philo Farnsworth, American inventor, developer of the first all electronic television system (born 1906)

Philo Taylor Farnsworth was an American inventor who was granted the first patent for the television by the United States Government. He also invented a video camera tube and the image dissector. He commercially produced and sold a fully functioning television system—complete with receiver and camera—which he produced commercially through the Farnsworth Television and Radio Corporation from 1938 to 1951, in Fort Wayne, Indiana.

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Whitney Young, American activist (born 1921)

Whitney Moore Young Jr. was an American civil rights leader. Trained as a social worker, he spent most of his career working to end employment discrimination in the United States and turning the National Urban League from a relatively passive civil rights organization into one that aggressively worked for equitable access to socioeconomic opportunity for the historically disenfranchised. Young was influential in the United States federal government's War on Poverty in the 1960s.

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11/03/1970

Erle Stanley Gardner, American lawyer and author (born 1889)

Erle Stanley Gardner was an American author and lawyer, best known for the Perry Mason series of legal detective stories. Gardner also wrote numerous other novels and shorter pieces as well as a series of nonfiction books, mostly narrations of his travels through Baja California and other regions in Mexico.

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11/03/1969

John Wyndham, English author (born 1903)

John Wyndham Parkes Lucas Beynon Harris was an English science fiction writer best known for his works published under the pen name John Wyndham, although he also used other combinations of his names, such as John Beynon and Lucas Parkes. Some of his works were set in post-apocalyptic landscapes. His best known works include The Day of the Triffids (1951), filmed in 1962, and The Midwich Cuckoos (1957), which was filmed in 1960 as Village of the Damned, in 1995 under the same title, and again in 2022 in Sky Max under its original title.

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11/03/1967

Geraldine Farrar, American soprano and actress (born 1882)

Alice Geraldine Farrar was an American lyric soprano who also frequently sang dramatic roles. She was noted for her beauty, acting ability, and "the intimate timbre of her voice." In the 1910s, she also found success as an actress in silent films. Farrar had a large following among young women, who were nicknamed "Gerry-flappers".

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11/03/1960

Roy Chapman Andrews, American paleontologist and explorer (born 1884)

Roy Chapman Andrews was an American explorer, adventurer, and naturalist who became the director of the American Museum of Natural History. He led a series of expeditions through the politically disturbed China of the early 20th century into the Gobi Desert and Mongolia. The expeditions made important discoveries and brought the first-known fossil dinosaur eggs to the museum. Chapman's popular writing about his adventures made him famous.

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11/03/1959

Lester Dent, American author (born 1904)

Lester Dent was an American pulp-fiction writer, best known as the creator and main writer of the series of novels about the scientist and adventurer Doc Savage. The 159 Doc Savage novels that Dent wrote over 16 years were credited to the house name Kenneth Robeson.

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11/03/1957

Richard E. Byrd, American admiral and explorer (born 1888)

Richard Evelyn Byrd Jr. was an American naval officer, and pioneering aviator, polar explorer, and organizer of polar logistics. Aircraft flights in which he served as a navigator and expedition leader crossed the Atlantic Ocean, a segment of the Arctic Ocean, and a segment of the Antarctic Plateau. He is also known for discovering Mount Sidley, the largest dormant volcano in Antarctica.

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11/03/1956

Aleksanteri Aava, Finnish poet (born 1883)

Aleksanteri Aava, born Aleksanteri (Santeri) Kuparinen, was a Finnish poet and smallholder.

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11/03/1955

Alexander Fleming, Scottish biologist, pharmacologist, and botanist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1881)

Sir Alexander Fleming was a Scottish physician and microbiologist. He shared the 1945 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Howard Florey and Ernst Chain "for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases". This was the first antibiotic substance discovered. His discovery in 1928 of what was later named benzylpenicillin from the mould Penicillium rubens has been described as the "single greatest victory ever achieved over disease".

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Oscar F. Mayer, German-American businessman, founded Oscar Mayer (born 1859)

Oscar Ferdinand Mayer was a German American who founded the processed-meat firm Oscar Mayer that bears his name.

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11/03/1952

Pierre Renoir, French actor and director (born 1885)

Pierre Renoir was a French stage and film actor. He was the son of the impressionist painter Pierre-Auguste Renoir and elder brother of the film director Jean Renoir. He is also noted for being the first actor to play Georges Simenon's character Inspector Jules Maigret in Night at the Crossroads, directed by his brother.

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11/03/1949

Henri Giraud, French general and politician (born 1879)

Henri Honoré Giraud was a French Army general best known for his escape from German captivity in 1942 and subsequently as one of the leaders of the French Resistance and a rival of Charles de Gaulle. He was outmanoeuvred by de Gaulle and sidelined in April 1944, leading to his resignation.

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11/03/1944

Hendrik Willem van Loon, Dutch-American journalist and historian (born 1882)

Hendrik Willem van Loon was a Dutch-American historian, journalist, and children's book author.

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Edgar Zilsel, Austrian historian and philosopher of science, linked to the Vienna Circle (born 1891)

Edgar Zilsel was an Austrian-American historian and philosopher of science.

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11/03/1937

Joseph S. Cullinan, American businessman, co-founded Texaco (born 1860)

Joseph Stephen Cullinan was a U.S. oil industrialist. Although he was a native of Pennsylvania, his lifetime business endeavors would help shape the early phase of the oil industry in Texas. He founded The Texas Company, which would eventually be known as Texaco Incorporated.

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11/03/1931

F. W. Murnau, German-American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1888)

Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau was a German film director, producer, and screenwriter. He is regarded as one of cinema's most influential filmmakers for his work in the silent era.

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11/03/1915

Thomas Alexander Browne, English-Australian author (born 1826)

Thomas Alexander Browne was a British-born Australian police magistrate and author. He published many of his works under the pseudonym Rolf Boldrewood. He is best known for his 1882 bushranging novel Robbery Under Arms. He served as the goldfields commissioner in New South Wales. In his capacity as police magistrate and warden of goldfields, he was entrusted with the administration of justice at Gulgong, Dubbo, Armidale, and Albury. He acted as police magistrate during the period between 1870 and 1895.

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11/03/1908

Edmondo De Amicis, Italian journalist and author (born 1846)

Edmondo De Amicis was an Italian novelist, journalist, poet, and short-story writer. His best-known book is the children's novel Heart.

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Benjamin Waugh, English minister and activist (born 1839)

Benjamin Waugh was a Victorian era social reformer and campaigner who founded and directed the UK charity, the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (NSPCC) in the late 19th century. He was also a journalist, public speaker and organiser who helped secure Britain’s first legislation on children’s rights.

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11/03/1907

Jean Casimir-Perier, French lawyer and politician, 6th President of France (born 1847)

Jean Paul Pierre Casimir-Perier was a French politician who served as President of France from June 1894 to January 1895.

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11/03/1898

William Rosecrans, American general and politician (born 1819)

William Starke Rosecrans was an American inventor, coal-oil company executive, diplomat, politician, and U.S. Army officer. He gained fame for his role as a Union general during the American Civil War. He was the victor at prominent battles in the Western theater of the American Civil War. However, his military career declined after his defeat at the Battle of Chickamauga in 1863.

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11/03/1874

Charles Sumner, American lawyer and politician (born 1811)

Charles Sumner was an American lawyer and statesman who represented Massachusetts in the United States Senate from 1851 until his death in 1874. Before and during the American Civil War, he was a leading American advocate for the abolition of slavery, and after the war he was a key figure in the Reconstruction era, during which he and other Radical Republicans successfully fought to end slavery and ensure basic rights for Black Americans. He continued advocating for racial equality until his death, lobbying in his final days for a civil rights bill that served as a model for the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Historians credit Sumner with coining the phrase "equality before the law," which he first used as part of an early attempt to integrate Boston's public school system.

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11/03/1870

Moshoeshoe I of Lesotho (born 1786)

Moshoeshoe I was the first king of Lesotho. He was the first son of Mokhachane, a minor chief of the Bamokoteli lineage, a branch of the Bakoena (crocodile) clan. In his youth, he helped his father gain power over some other smaller clans. In 1820, at the age of 34, Moshoeshoe succeeded his father as the Bamokoteli chief and formed his own clan. He and his followers settled at the Butha-Buthe Mountain. He became the first and ultimately longest-serving King of Lesotho in 1822.

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11/03/1869

Vladimir Odoyevsky, Russian philosopher and critic (born 1803)

Prince Vladimir Fyodorovich Odoyevsky was a Russian philosopher, writer, music critic, philanthropist and pedagogue. He became known as the "Russian Hoffmann" and even the "Russian Faust" on account of his keen interest in phantasmagoric tales and musical criticism.

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11/03/1863

Sir James Outram, 1st Baronet, English general (born 1803)

Lieutenant-General Sir James Outram, 1st Baronet was a British army officer who served in the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

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11/03/1851

Marie-Louise Coidavid, Queen of Haiti (born 1778)

Queen Marie Louise Coidavid was the Queen of Haiti from 1811 to 1820 as the spouse of Henri Christophe.

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George McDuffie, American lawyer and politician, 55th Governor of South Carolina (born 1790)

George McDuffie was the 55th governor of South Carolina and a member of the United States Senate. Though he began his political career as a partisan of Andrew Jackson, he became one of South Carolina's most outspoken advocates of nullification.

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11/03/1820

Benjamin West, American-English painter and academic (born 1738)

Benjamin West was an American-born painter who specialised in history painting, creating such works as The Death of Nelson, The Death of General Wolfe, the Treaty of Paris, and Benjamin Franklin Drawing Electricity from the Sky.

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11/03/1759

John Forbes, Scottish general (born 1707)

Brigadier-General John Forbes was a British Army officer. During the French and Indian War, he commanded the 1758 Forbes Expedition which occupied the French outpost of Fort Duquesne. This required the construction of a military trail known as the Forbes Road, which became an important route for settlement of the Western United States. Forbes died in Philadelphia and was buried in the chancel of Christ Church, Philadelphia.

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11/03/1722

John Toland, Irish philosopher and theorist (born 1670)

John Toland was an Irish rationalist philosopher and freethinker, and occasional satirist, who wrote numerous books and pamphlets on political philosophy and philosophy of religion, which are early expressions of the philosophy of the Age of Enlightenment. Born in Ireland, he was educated at the universities of Glasgow, Edinburgh, Leiden and Oxford and was influenced by the philosophy of John Locke.

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11/03/1689

Sambhaji, second Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire (born 1657)

Sambhaji, also known as Shambhuraje, ruled from 1681 to 1689 as the second king (Chhatrapati) of the Maratha Empire, a prominent state in early modern India. He was the eldest son of Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha Empire.

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11/03/1665

Clemente Tabone, Maltese landowner and militia member (born c. 1575)

Clemente Tabone was a Maltese landowner and militia member who is known for his reported courage in the Raid on Żejtun, the last major Ottoman attack on Malta, in 1614. He built a tower and a chapel on some of his lands on the outskirts of Żejtun. The tower no longer exists, but St. Clement's Chapel remains intact and is still in use.

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11/03/1607

Giovanni Maria Nanino, Italian composer and educator (born 1543)

Giovanni Maria Nanino was an Italian composer and teacher of the late Renaissance. He was a member of the Roman School of composers, and was the most influential music teacher in Rome in the late 16th century. He was the older brother of composer Giovanni Bernardino Nanino.

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11/03/1602

Emilio de' Cavalieri, Italian organist and composer (born 1550)

Emilio de' Cavalieri, or Emilio dei Cavalieri, was an Italian composer, producer, organist, diplomat, choreographer and dancer at the end of the Renaissance era. His work, along with that of other composers active in Rome, Florence and Venice, was critical in defining the beginning of the musical Baroque era. A member of the Roman School of composers, he was an influential early composer of monody, and wrote what is usually considered to be the first oratorio.

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11/03/1576

Juan de Salcedo, Spanish conquistador (born 1549)

Juan de Salcedo was a Spanish conquistador. He was the grandson of Spanish general Miguel López de Legazpi. Salcedo was one of the soldiers who accompanied the Spanish conquest to the Philippines in 1565. He joined the Spanish military in 1564 at age 15, on their voyage of exploration to the East Indies and the Pacific, in search of rich resources such as gold and spice, and to find a passage to the islands were the previous Spanish expeditions led by Ferdinand Magellan had landed in 1521, and Ruy López de Villalobos in 1543.

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11/03/1575

Matthias Flacius, Croatian theologian and reformer (born 1520)

Matthias Flacius Illyricus or Francovich was a Lutheran reformer from Istria, present-day Croatia. He was notable as a theologian, sometimes dissenting strongly with his fellow Lutherans, and as a scholar for his editorial work on the Magdeburg Centuries.

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11/03/1486

Albrecht III Achilles, Elector of Brandenburg (born 1414)

Albrecht III was Elector of Brandenburg from 1471 until his death, the third from the House of Hohenzollern. A member of the Order of the Swan, he received the cognomen Achilles because of his knightly qualities and virtues. He also ruled in the Franconian principalities of Ansbach from 1440 and Kulmbach from 1464.

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11/03/1198

Marie of France, Countess of Champagne (born 1145)

Marie of France was a Capetian princess who became Countess of Champagne by her marriage to Henry I of Champagne. She ruled the County of Champagne as regent during Henry I's absence from 1179 to 1181; during the minority of their son Henry II from 1181 to 1187; and during Henry II's absence from 1190 to 1197. She was the daughter of Eleanor of Aquitaine and Louis VII of France.

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11/03/0638

Sophronius of Jerusalem (born 560)

Sophronius, called Sophronius the Sophist, was the Greek Patriarch of the city known as Aelia Capitolina and then Jerusalem from 634 until his death. He is venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox and Catholic Churches. Before rising to the primacy of the See, he was a monk and theologian who was the chief protagonist for orthodox teaching in the doctrinal controversy on the essential nature of Jesus and his volitional acts. He is also renowned for the negotiation of the surrender of Aelia Capitolina to the Rashid caliph Umar in 637/8.

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11/03/0222

Elagabalus, Roman emperor (born 203)

Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, better known by his posthumous nicknames Elagabalus and Heliogabalus, was Roman emperor from 218 to 222, while he was still a teenager. His short reign was notorious for religious controversy and alleged sexual debauchery. A close relative to the Severan dynasty, he came from a prominent Syrian Arab family in Emesa (Homs), Syria, where he served as the head priest of the sun god Elagabal from a young age. After the death of his cousin, the emperor Caracalla, Elagabalus was raised to the Principate at 14 years of age in an army revolt instigated by his grandmother Julia Maesa against Caracalla's short-lived successor, Macrinus. He only posthumously became known by the Latinised name of his god.

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