Died on Saturday, 22nd November – Famous Deaths

22/11/2024

Serge Vohor, Vanuatuan politician, 4th Prime Minister of Vanuatu (born 1955)

Rialuth Serge Vohor was a Vanuatuan politician. He hailed from the largest island of Vanuatu, Espiritu Santo, from Port Olry.

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22/11/2022

John Y. Brown Jr., American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 55th Governor of Kentucky (born 1933)

John Young Brown Jr. was an American politician and entrepreneur from Kentucky. He served as the 55th governor of Kentucky from 1979 to 1983, and built Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) into a multimillion-dollar restaurant chain.

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Raşit Küçük, Turkish Islamicist (born 1947)

Raşit Küçük was a Turkish academic with a focus on hadith scholarship and the life history of Muhammad. Born in Akseki District, he entered an İmam Hatip school in Antalya after his primary studies. He continued to focus on religious studies through university, defending a dissertation on the concept of love in the Qur'an and Sunnah in 1983. Küçük taught at Marmara University in Istanbul, becoming a full professor in 2003 and serving as the dean of the Faculty of Theology from 2007 through 2011. Küçük was appointed to the high council of Presidency of Religious Affairs in 2014, serving as that council's chairman until 2016. For the last years of his life, Küçük served as the chairman of the Turkish Religious Affairs Foundation.

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22/11/2020

Otto Hutter, Austrian-born British physiologist (born 1924)

Otto Fred Hutter was an Austrian-born British physiologist who was Regius Professor of Physiology at the University of Glasgow.

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22/11/2017

George Avakian, American music producer (born 1919)

George Mesrop Avakian was an American record producer, artist manager, writer, educator and executive. Best known for his work from 1939 to the early 1960s at Decca Records, Columbia Records, World Pacific Records, Warner Bros. Records, and RCA Records, he was a major force in the expansion and development of the U.S. recording industry. Avakian functioned as an independent producer and manager from the 1960s to the early 2000s and worked with artists such as Louis Armstrong, Miles Davis, Duke Ellington, Benny Goodman, Dave Brubeck, Eddie Condon, Keith Jarrett, Erroll Garner, Buck Clayton, Sonny Rollins, Paul Desmond, Edith Piaf, Bob Newhart, Johnny Mathis, John Cage, Alan Hovhaness, Ravi Shankar, and many other notable jazz musicians and composers.

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Dmitri Hvorostovsky, Russian operatic baritone (born 1962)

Dmitri Aleksandrovich Hvorostovsky was a Russian operatic baritone.

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Tommy Keene, American singer-songwriter (born 1958)

Tommy Keene was an American singer-songwriter, best known for releasing acclaimed songs in the 1980s. He has a longtime cult following among fans of power pop.

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22/11/2016

M. Balamuralikrishna, Indian vocalist and singer (born 1930)

Mangalampalli Balamuralikrishna was an Indian Carnatic vocalist, musician, multi-instrumentalist, playback singer, composer, and character actor. He was awarded the Madras Music Academy's Sangeetha Kalanidhi in 1978. He has garnered two National Film Awards, the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1975, the Padma Vibhushan, India's second-highest civilian honor in 1991, for his contribution towards arts, the Mahatma Gandhi Silver Medal from UNESCO in 1995, the Chevalier of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French Government in 2005, the Sangeetha Kalanidhi by Madras Music Academy, and the Sangeetha Kalasikhamani in 1991, by the Fine Arts Society, Chennai to name a few.

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22/11/2015

Salahuddin Quader Chowdhury, Bangladeshi politician (born 1949)

Salahuddin Quader Chowdhury (Bengali: সালাউদ্দিন কাদের চৌধুরী; was a Bangladeshi politician and minister, a six-term member of the Jatiya Sangsad, and a member of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party Standing Committee. He served as a minister in two ministries under the Ershad ministry, and later served as the Adviser on Parliamentary Affairs to Prime Minister Khaleda Zia from 2001 to 2006. He was the son of late Convention Muslim League leader A.K.M. Fazlul Quader Chowdhury.

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Ali Ahsan Mohammad Mojaheed, Bangladeshi politician (born 1948)

Ali Ahsan Mohammad Mojaheed was a Bangladeshi politician and convicted war criminal who served as a Member of Parliament and as the Minister of Social Welfare from 2001 to 2006.

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Kim Young-sam, South Korean soldier and politician, President of South Korea (born 1927)

Kim Young-sam, also known by his initials YS, was a South Korean politician who served as the seventh president of South Korea from 1993 to 1998.

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22/11/2013

Tom Gilmartin, Irish businessman (born 1935)

Tom Gilmartin was an Irish businessman, whistleblower and pivotal Mahon Tribunal witness whose testimony concerning planning and political corruption "rocked Ireland". He played a crucial role in ending the political career of former Taoiseach Bertie Ahern.

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Georges Lautner, French director and screenwriter (born 1926)

Georges Lautner (French: [lotnɛʁ]; 24 January 1926 – 22 November 2013 was a French film director and screenwriter, known primarily for his comedies created in collaboration with screenwriter Michel Audiard.

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Alec Reid, Irish priest and activist (born 1931)

Alexander Reid was an Irish Catholic priest noted for his facilitator role in the Northern Ireland peace process, a role BBC journalist Peter Taylor subsequently described as "absolutely critical" to its success.

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22/11/2012

Bryce Courtenay, South African-Australian author (born 1933)

Arthur Bryce Courtenay, was a South African-Australian advertising director and novelist. He is one of Australia's best-selling authors, notable for his book The Power of One.

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22/11/2011

Svetlana Alliluyeva, Russian-American author (born 1926)

Svetlana Iosifovna Alliluyeva, later known as Lana Peters, was the youngest child and only daughter of the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin and his second wife, Nadezhda Alliluyeva. In 1967 she became an international sensation when she defected to the United States and, in 1978, became a naturalized American citizen. From 1984 to 1986 she briefly returned to the Soviet Union and had her Soviet citizenship reinstated. She was Stalin's last surviving child.

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Sena Jurinac, Bosnian-Austrian soprano (born 1921)

Srebrenka "Sena" Jurinac was a Bosnian-born Austrian operatic soprano.

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Lynn Margulis, American biologist and academic (born 1938)

Lynn Margulis was an American evolutionary biologist, who was the primary modern proponent for the significance of symbiosis in evolution. In particular, Margulis transformed and fundamentally framed biologists' understanding of the evolution of the Eukaryotes, organisms with nuclei in their cells. She proposed that they came into being by symbiotic mergers of bacteria. Margulis was the co-developer of the Gaia hypothesis with the British chemist James Lovelock, proposing that the Earth functions as a unified self-regulating system, and the principal defender and promulgator of the five kingdom classification of Robert Whittaker.

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Paul Motian, American drummer and composer (born 1931)

Stephen Paul Motian was an American jazz drummer, percussionist, and composer of Armenian descent. He played an important role in freeing jazz drummers from strict time-keeping duties.

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22/11/2010

Jean Cione, American baseball player (born 1928)

Jean S. Cione [″Cy″] was a pitcher who played from 1945 through 1954 in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL). Listed at 5' 8", 143 lb., she batted and threw left-handed.

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Frank Fenner, Australian virologist and microbiologist (born 1914)

Frank John Fenner was an Australian scientist with a distinguished career in the field of virology. His two greatest achievements are cited as overseeing the eradication of smallpox, and the attempted control of Australia's rabbit plague through the introduction of Myxoma virus.

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22/11/2007

Maurice Béjart, French-Swiss dancer, choreographer, and director (born 1927)

Maurice Béjart was a French dancer, choreographer and opera director who ran the Béjart Ballet Lausanne in Switzerland. He developed a popular expressionistic form of modern ballet, tackling vast themes. He was awarded Swiss citizenship posthumously.

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Verity Lambert, English television producer (born 1935)

Verity Ann Lambert was an English television and film producer.

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22/11/2006

Asima Chatterjee, Indian chemist (born 1917)

Asima Chatterjee was an Indian organic chemist noted for her work in the fields of organic chemistry and phytomedicine. Her most notable work includes research on vinca alkaloids, the development of anti-epileptic drugs, and development of anti-malarial drugs. She also authored a considerable volume of work on medicinal plants of the Indian subcontinent. She was the first woman to receive a Doctorate of Science from an Indian university.

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Pat Dobson, American baseball player and coach (born 1942)

Patrick Edward Dobson, Jr. was an American right-handed starting pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the Detroit Tigers (1967–69), San Diego Padres (1970), Baltimore Orioles (1971–72), Atlanta Braves (1973), New York Yankees (1973–75) and Cleveland Indians (1976–77). He was best known for being one of four Orioles pitchers to win 20 games in their 1971 season.

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22/11/2005

Bruce Hobbs, American jockey and trainer (born 1920)

Bruce Robertson Hobbs was an English jockey and racehorse trainer.

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22/11/2002

Parley Baer, American actor (born 1914)

Parley Edward Baer was an American actor in radio and later in television and film. Despite dozens of appearances in television series and theatrical films, he remains best known as the original "Chester" in the radio version of Gunsmoke, and as the Mayor of Mayberry in The Andy Griffith Show, as well as Arthur J. Henson in The Addams Family as the Mayor, an insurance executive and as the city controller.

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Rafał Gan-Ganowicz, Polish mercenary and journalist (born 1932)

Rafał Gan-Ganowicz was a Polish soldier-in-exile, mercenary, journalist, member of the National Council of Poland, and political and social activist, dedicating his life to anti-communism.

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22/11/2001

Mary Kay Ash, American businesswoman, founded Mary Kay, Inc. (born 1918)

Mary Kay Ash was an American businesswoman and founder of direct sales company Mary Kay Cosmetics, Inc. At the time of her death, she had a fortune of $98 million, and her company had more than $1.2 billion in sales with a sales force of more than 800,000 in at least three dozen countries.

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Theo Barker, English historian and academic (born 1923)

Theodore Cardwell Barker, usually known as Theo Barker, was a British social and economic historian.

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Norman Granz, American record producer, founded Verve Records (born 1918)

Norman Granz was an American jazz record producer and concert promoter. He founded the record labels Clef, Norgran, Down Home, Verve, and Pablo and the Jazz at the Philharmonic concert series. Granz was acknowledged as "the most successful impresario in the history of jazz". He was also a champion of racial equality, insisting, for example, on integrating audiences at concerts he promoted.

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22/11/2000

Christian Marquand, French actor, director, and screenwriter (born 1927)

Christian Henri Marquand was a French actor.

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22/11/1998

Stu Ungar, American poker player (born 1953)

Stuart Errol Ungar was an American professional poker, blackjack, and gin rummy player, widely regarded to have been the greatest gin player of all time and one of the best Texas hold 'em players.

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22/11/1997

Michael Hutchence, Australian singer-songwriter (born 1960)

Michael Kelland John Hutchence was an Australian singer and songwriter. He was the co-founder, lead singer and lyricist of the rock band INXS from 1977 until his death in 1997. The band sold over 50 million records worldwide, making them one of Australia's highest-selling music acts of all time. They were inducted into the ARIA Hall of Fame in 2001.

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22/11/1996

Terence Donovan, English photographer and director (born 1936)

Terence Daniel Donovan was an English photographer and film director, noted for his fashion photography of the 1960s. A book of his fashion work, Terence Donovan Fashion, was published 2012. He also directed many TV commercials and oversaw the music videos for Robert Palmer's "Addicted to Love" and "Simply Irresistible". The Guardian labelled “Addicted to Love“ as being "fashion's favourite video" since it was released.

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22/11/1993

Anthony Burgess, English novelist, playwright, and critic (born 1917)

John Anthony Burgess Wilson was an English writer and composer.

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Tatiana Petrovna Nikolayeva, Soviet pianist, composer, and teacher (born 1924)

Tatiana Petrovna Nikolayeva was a Soviet and Russian pianist, composer, and teacher.

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22/11/1992

Sterling Holloway, American actor (born 1905)

Sterling Price Holloway Jr. was an American actor who appeared in over 100 films and 40 television shows. He did voice acting for The Walt Disney Company, playing Mr. Stork in Dumbo, Adult Flower in Bambi, the Cheshire Cat in Alice in Wonderland, Kaa in The Jungle Book, Roquefort the Mouse in The Aristocats, and the title character in Winnie the Pooh, among many others.

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22/11/1991

Tadashi Imai, Japanese director (born 1912)

Tadashi Imai was a Japanese film director known for social realist filmmaking informed by a left-wing perspective. His most noted films include An Inlet of Muddy Water (1953) and Bushido, Samurai Saga (1963).

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22/11/1989

René Moawad, Lebanese lawyer and politician, 13th President of Lebanon (born 1925)

René Anis Moawad was a Lebanese politician who served as the 9th president of Lebanon for seventeen days, from 5 to 22 November 1989, before his assassination by unknown assailants.

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22/11/1988

Luis Barragán, Mexican architect and engineer (born 1902)

Luis Ramiro Barragán Morfín was a Mexican architect and engineer. His work has influenced contemporary architects visually and conceptually. Barragán's buildings are frequently visited by international students and professors of architecture. He studied as an engineer in his home town, while undertaking the entirety of additional coursework to obtain the title of architect.

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22/11/1986

Scatman Crothers, American actor and comedian (born 1910)

Benjamin Sherman "Scatman" Crothers was an American actor and musician. He is known for playing Louie the Garbage Man on the TV show Chico and the Man, and Dick Hallorann in Stanley Kubrick's The Shining (1980). He was also a prolific voice actor who provided the voices of Meadowlark Lemon in the Harlem Globetrotters animated TV series, Jazz the Autobot in The Transformers and The Transformers: The Movie (1986), the title character in Hong Kong Phooey, and Scat Cat in the Disney animated film The Aristocats (1970).

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22/11/1981

Hans Adolf Krebs, German-English physician and biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1900)

Sir Hans Adolf Krebs, FRS was a German-British biologist, physician and biochemist. He was a pioneer scientist in the study of cellular respiration, a biochemical process in living cells that extracts energy from food and oxygen and makes it available to drive the processes of life. He is best known for his discoveries of two important sequences of chemical reactions that take place in the cells of nearly all organisms, including humans, other than anaerobic microorganisms, namely the citric acid cycle and the urea cycle. The former, often eponymously known as the "Krebs cycle", is the sequence of metabolic reactions that allows cells of oxygen-respiring organisms to obtain far more ATP from the food they consume than anaerobic processes such as glycolysis can supply; and its discovery earned Krebs a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1953. With Hans Kornberg, he also discovered the glyoxylate cycle, a slight variation of the citric acid cycle found in plants, bacteria, protists, and fungi.

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22/11/1980

Jules Léger, Canadian journalist and politician, Governor General of Canada (born 1913)

Joseph Jules Léger was a Canadian diplomat and statesman who served as the 21st governor general of Canada from 1974 to 1979.

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Norah McGuinness, Irish painter and illustrator (born 1901)

Norah Allison McGuinness was an Irish painter and illustrator.

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Mae West, American stage and film actress (born 1893)

Mary Jane "Mae" West was an American actress, singer, comedian, screenwriter, and playwright whose career spanned more than seven decades. Recognized as a prominent sex symbol of her time, she was known for portraying sexually confident characters and for her use of double entendres, often delivering her lines in a distinctive contralto voice. West began performing in vaudeville and on stage in New York City before moving on to film in Los Angeles.

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22/11/1966

Herbert Wilkinson Ayre, English footballer (born 1882)

Herbert Wilkinson Ayre was a footballer who played in The Football League for Grimsby Town.

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Émile Drain, French actor (born 1890)

Émile Drain (1890–1966) was a French actor and comedian.

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22/11/1963

Aldous Huxley, English novelist and philosopher (born 1894)

Aldous Leonard Huxley was an English writer and philosopher. His bibliography spans nearly 50 books, including non-fiction works, as well as essays, narratives and poems.

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John F. Kennedy, American politician, 35th President of the United States (born 1917)

John Fitzgerald Kennedy, also known as JFK, was the 35th president of the United States, serving from 1961 until his assassination in 1963. He was the youngest person elected president, at 43 years, and the first Catholic president. Kennedy served at the height of the Cold War, and the majority of his foreign policy concerned relations with the Soviet Union and Cuba. A member of the Democratic Party, Kennedy represented Massachusetts in both houses of the United States Congress before his presidency.

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C. S. Lewis, British writer, literary scholar, and Anglican lay theologian (born 1898)

Clive Staples Lewis was a British author, literary scholar and Anglican lay theologian. He held academic positions in English literature at both Magdalen College, Oxford (1925–1954), and Magdalene College, Cambridge (1954–1963). He is best known as the author of The Chronicles of Narnia, but he is also noted for his other works of fiction, such as The Screwtape Letters and The Space Trilogy, and for his non-fiction Christian apologetics, including Mere Christianity, Miracles and The Problem of Pain.

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J. D. Tippit, American police officer (born 1924)

J. D. Tippit was an American World War II U.S. Army veteran and Bronze Star recipient, who was a police officer with the Dallas Police Department from 1952 to 1963. On November 22, 1963, less than an hour after the assassination of president John F. Kennedy, Tippit was shot and killed in a residential neighborhood in the Oak Cliff section of Dallas, Texas. Lee Harvey Oswald was initially arrested for the murder of Tippit and was subsequently charged with killing Kennedy, but he was murdered by Jack Ruby, a Dallas nightclub owner, two days later, before he could be tried. In 1964, the Warren Commission concluded that Tippit was killed by Oswald acting alone, though Tippit's murder has spawned alternative scenarios from Kennedy assassination conspiracy theorists.

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22/11/1956

Theodore Kosloff, Russian-American actor, ballet dancer, and choreographer (born 1882)

Theodore Kosloff was a Russian-born ballet dancer, choreographer, actor, and teacher who became a prominent figure. Trained in the traditions of Imperial Russian ballet, he emigrated to the United States in the early 20th century and achieved success on the vaudeville stage, where he led his own touring company, the Imperial Russian Ballet.

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22/11/1955

Shemp Howard, American actor and comedian (born 1895)

Shemp Howard was an American comedian and actor. He is best known as the third Stooge in The Three Stooges, a role he played when the act began in the early 1920s (1923–1932), while it was still associated with Ted Healy and known as "Ted Healy and his Stooges"; and again from 1946 until his death in 1955. During the fourteen years between his times with the Stooges, he had a successful solo career as a film comedian, including a series of shorts by himself and with partners. He reluctantly returned to the Stooges as a favor to his brother Moe and friend Larry Fine to replace his brother Curly as the third Stooge after Curly's illness.

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22/11/1946

Otto Georg Thierack, German jurist and politician, German Minister of Justice (born 1889)

Otto Georg Thierack was a German Nazi jurist and politician.

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22/11/1944

Arthur Eddington, English astrophysicist and astronomer (born 1882)

Sir Arthur Stanley Eddington, was an English astrophysicist and mathematician. The Eddington limit, the natural limit to the luminosity of stars, or the radiation generated by accretion onto a compact object, is named in his honour.

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22/11/1943

Lorenz Hart, American composer (born 1895)

Lorenz Milton Hart was an American lyricist and half of the Broadway songwriting team Rodgers and Hart. Some of his more famous lyrics include "Blue Moon"; "The Lady Is a Tramp"; "Manhattan"; "Bewitched, Bothered and Bewildered"; and "My Funny Valentine".

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22/11/1941

Werner Mölders, German colonel and pilot (born 1913)

Werner Mölders was a World War II German Luftwaffe pilot, wing commander, and the leading German fighter ace in the Spanish Civil War. He became the first pilot in aviation history to shoot down 100 enemy aircraft and was highly decorated for his achievements. Mölders developed fighter tactics that led to the finger-four formation. He died in a plane crash as a passenger.

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22/11/1923

Andy O'Sullivan, Irish Republican died in the 1923 Irish hunger strikes

Andy O'Sullivan was an Irish militant and Republican activist who was an intelligence officer and regional leader in the Irish Republican Army. He died during the 1923 Irish hunger strikes while in prison.

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22/11/1921

Edward J. Adams, American serial/spree killer and bank robber (born 1887)

Edward James Adams was a notorious American criminal and spree killer in the Midwest. He murdered seven people—including three policemen—over a period of around 14 months and wounded at least a dozen others. At age 34, Adams was surrounded and then killed by police in Wichita, Kansas.

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22/11/1919

Francisco Moreno, Argentinian explorer and academic (born 1852)

Francisco Pascasio Moreno was a prominent explorer and academic in Argentina, where he is usually referred to as Perito Moreno. Perito Moreno has been credited as one of the most influential figures in the Argentine incorporation of large parts of Patagonia and its subsequent development.

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22/11/1916

Jack London, American novelist and journalist (born 1876)

John Griffith London, better known as Jack London, was an American novelist, journalist and activist. A pioneer of commercial fiction and American magazines, he was one of the first American authors to become an international celebrity and earn a large fortune from writing. He was also an innovator in the genre that would later become known as science fiction.

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22/11/1913

Tokugawa Yoshinobu, Japanese shōgun (born 1837)

Prince Yoshinobu Tokugawa was a Japanese samurai, daimyo and the 15th and last shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan. He was part of a movement which aimed to reform the aging shogunate, but was ultimately unsuccessful. He resigned his position as shogun in late 1867, while aiming at keeping some political influence. After these efforts failed following the defeat at the Battle of Toba–Fushimi in early 1868, he went into retirement, and largely avoided the public eye for the rest of his life.

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22/11/1902

Walter Reed, American physician and entomologist (born 1851)

Walter Reed was a U.S. Army physician who in 1901 led the team that confirmed the theory of Cuban doctor Carlos Finlay that yellow fever is transmitted by a particular mosquito species rather than by direct contact. This insight gave impetus to the new fields of epidemiology and biomedicine, and most immediately allowed the resumption and completion of work on the Panama Canal (1904–1914) by the United States. Reed followed work started by Finlay and directed by George Miller Sternberg, who has been called the "first U.S. bacteriologist".

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22/11/1900

Arthur Sullivan, English composer (born 1842)

Sir Arthur Seymour Sullivan was an English composer. He is best known for 14 comic opera collaborations with the dramatist W. S. Gilbert, including H.M.S. Pinafore, The Pirates of Penzance and The Mikado. His works include 24 operas, 11 major orchestral works, ten choral works and oratorios, two ballets, incidental music to several plays, and numerous church pieces, songs, and piano and chamber pieces. His hymns and songs include "Onward, Christian Soldiers" and "The Lost Chord".

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22/11/1896

George Washington Gale Ferris Jr., American engineer, invented the Ferris wheel (born 1859)

George Washington Gale Ferris Jr. was an American civil engineer. He is mostly known for creating the original Ferris Wheel for the 1893 Chicago World's Columbian Exposition.

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22/11/1886

Mary Boykin Chesnut, American author (born 1823)

Mary Boykin Chesnut was an American writer noted for a book published as her Civil War diary, a "vivid picture of a society in the throes of its life-and-death struggle." She described the war from within her upper-class circles of Southern planter society, but encompassed all classes in her book. She was married to James Chesnut Jr., a lawyer who served as a United States senator and officer in the Confederate States Army.

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22/11/1875

Henry Wilson, American politician, 18th Vice President of the United States (born 1812)

Henry Wilson was the 18th vice president of the United States, serving from 1873 until his death in 1875, and a senator from Massachusetts from 1855 to 1873. Before and during the American Civil War, he was a leading Republican, and a strong opponent of slavery. Wilson devoted his energies to the destruction of "Slave Power", the faction of slave owners and their political allies which anti-slavery Americans saw as dominating the country.

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22/11/1871

Oscar James Dunn, African American activist and politician, Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana 1868-1871 (born 1826)

Oscar James Dunn served as the 11th lieutenant governor of Louisiana during the era of Reconstruction and was the first African American to serve as lieutenant governor of a U.S. state. He was also the first African-American to serve as acting governor of a U.S. state.

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22/11/1819

John Stackhouse, English botanist (born 1742)

John Stackhouse was an English botanist, primarily interested in spermatophytes, algae and mycology. He was born in Probus, Cornwall, and built Acton Castle, above Stackhouse Cove, Cornwall, in order to further his studies about the propagation of algae from their spores. He was the author of Nereis Britannica; or a Botanical Description of British Marine Plants, in Latin and English, accompanied with Drawings from Nature (1797).

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22/11/1813

Johann Christian Reil, German physician, physiologist, and anatomist (born 1759)

Johann Christian Reil was a German physician, physiologist, anatomist, and psychiatrist. He coined the term psychiatry – Psychiatrie in German – in 1808.

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22/11/1774

Robert Clive, English general, politician and first British governor of Bengal (born 1725)

Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive,, also known as Clive of India, was the first British Governor of the Bengal Presidency. Clive has been widely credited for laying the foundation of the British East India Company (EIC) rule in Bengal. He began as a "writer" for the EIC in 1744; however, after being caught up in military action during the fall of Madras, Clive joined the EIC's private army. Clive rapidly rose through the military ranks of the EIC and was eventually credited with establishing Company rule in Bengal by winning the Battle of Plassey in 1757. In return for supporting the Nawab Mir Jafar as ruler of Bengal, Clive was guaranteed a jagir of £90,000 per year, which was the rent the EIC would otherwise pay to the Nawab for their tax-farming concession. When Clive left India in January 1767 he had a fortune of £401,102 which he remitted through the Dutch East India Company.

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22/11/1758

Richard Edgcumbe, 1st Baron Edgcumbe, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Cornwall (born 1680)

Richard Edgcumbe, 1st Baron Edgcumbe, of Mount Edgcumbe in Cornwall, was an English Whig politician who sat in the English and British House of Commons from 1701 until 1742 when he was raised to the peerage as Baron Edgcumbe. He is memorialised by Edgecombe County, North Carolina.

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22/11/1718

Blackbeard, English pirate (born 1680)

Edward Teach, better known as Blackbeard, was an English pirate who operated around the West Indies and the eastern coast of Britain's North American colonies. Little is known about his early life, but he may have been a sailor on privateering ships during Queen Anne's War before he settled on the Bahamian island of New Providence, a base for Captain Benjamin Hornigold, whose crew Teach joined around 1716. Hornigold placed him in command of a sloop that he had captured, and the two engaged in numerous acts of piracy. Their numbers were boosted by the addition to their fleet of two more ships, one of which was commanded by Stede Bonnet, but Hornigold retired from piracy toward the end of 1717, taking two vessels with him.

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22/11/1697

Libéral Bruant, French architect and academic, designed Les Invalides (born c. 1635)

Libéral Bruant was a French architect best known as the designer of the Hôtel des Invalides in Paris. Bruant was the most notable member in a family that produced a long series of architects active from the 16th to the 18th century.

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22/11/1694

John Tillotson, English archbishop (born 1630)

John Tillotson was the Archbishop of Canterbury from 1691 to 1694.

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22/11/1617

Ahmed I, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and Caliph of Islam (born 1590)

Ahmed I was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1603 to 1617. Ahmed's reign is noteworthy for marking the first breach in the Ottoman tradition of royal fratricide; henceforth, Ottoman rulers would no longer systematically execute their brothers upon accession to the throne. He is also well known for his construction of the Blue Mosque, one of the most famous mosques in Turkey.

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22/11/1538

John Lambert, English Protestant martyr

John Lambert was an English Protestant martyr burnt to death on 22 November 1538 at Smithfield, London.

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22/11/1318

Mikhail of Tver (born 1271)

Mikhail Yaroslavich was Prince of Tver from 1285 and Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1304 to 1314 and again from 1315 until his death in 1318. He was canonized and counted among the saints of the Russian Orthodox Church.

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22/11/1286

Eric V of Denmark (born 1249)

Eric V Klipping was King of Denmark from 1259 to 1286. After his father Christopher I died, his mother Margaret Sambiria ruled Denmark in his name until 1266, proving to be a competent regent. Between 1261 and 1262, the young King Eric was a prisoner in Holstein following a military defeat. Afterwards, he lived in Brandenburg, where he was initially held captive by John I, Margrave of Brandenburg. During his reign, he enforced his power successfully over the church but failed to do so on the nobility, he offended the nobles and was thereby forced to accept a charter (Håndfæstning) which limited his authority while confirming the rights of the nobles.

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22/11/1249

As-Salih Ayyub, ruler of Egypt

Al-Malik as-Salih Najm al-Din Ayyub, Kunya: Abu al-Futuh, also known as al-Malik al-Salih, was the Ayyubid ruler of Egypt from 1240 to 1249.

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22/11/0950

Lothair II of Italy (born 926)

Lothair II, often Lothair of Arles, was the King of Italy from 947 to his death. He was of the noble Frankish lineage of the Bosonids, descended from Boso the Elder. His father and predecessor was Hugh of Provence, grandson of Lothair II, King of Lotharingia, and his mother was a German princess named Alda.

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22/11/0365

Antipope Felix II

Year 365 (CCCLXV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known in the West as the Year of the Consulship of Augustus and Valens. The denomination 365 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

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