Died on Tuesday, 25th November – Famous Deaths

25/11/2025

Bernardo Álvarez Afonso, Spanish Roman Catholic bishop (born 1949)

Bernardo Álvarez Afonso was a Spanish prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who served as bishop of the Diocese of San Cristóbal de La Laguna in Tenerife, commonly known as the Diocese of Tenerife, from 2005 to 2024.

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25/11/2024

Earl Holliman, American actor (born 1928)

Henry Earl Holliman was an American actor, animal rights activist, and singer known for his many character roles in films, mostly Westerns and dramas, in the 1950s and 1960s. He won a Golden Globe Award for the film The Rainmaker (1956) and portrayed Sergeant Bill Crowley on the television police drama Police Woman throughout its 1974 to 1978 run.

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Hal Lindsey, American evangelist and Christian writer (born 1929)

Harold Lee Lindsey was an American evangelical writer and television host. He wrote a series of popular apocalyptic books – beginning with The Late Great Planet Earth (1970) – asserting that the Apocalypse or end time was imminent because current events were fulfilling Bible prophecy. He was a Christian Zionist and dispensationalist.

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25/11/2023

Terry Venables, English football player and manager (born1943)

Terence Frederick Venables, often referred to as "El Tel", was an English football player and manager who played for clubs including Chelsea, Tottenham Hotspur and Queens Park Rangers and won two caps for England.

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25/11/2020

Diego Maradona, Argentinian football player (born 1960)

Diego Armando Maradona was an Argentine professional football player and manager. Widely regarded as one of the greatest players in the history of the sport, he was one of the two joint winners of the FIFA Player of the 20th Century award, alongside Pelé.

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25/11/2016

Fidel Castro, Communist leader of Cuba, and revolutionary (born 1926)

Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz was a Cuban politician and revolutionary who was the leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2008, serving as prime minister from 1959 to 1976 and president from 1976 to 2008. Ideologically a Marxist–Leninist and Cuban nationalist, he also served as the first secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba from 1965 until 2011. Under his administration, Cuba became a one-party communist state; industry and business were nationalized, and socialist reforms were implemented throughout society.

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Ron Glass, American actor (born 1945)

Ronald Earle Glass was an American actor. He was known for his roles as literary Detective Ron Harris in the television sitcom Barney Miller (1975–1982), for which he received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination, and as the Shepherd Book, in the science fiction series Firefly (2002) and its sequel film Serenity (2005).

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25/11/2015

O'Neil Bell, Jamaican boxer (born 1974)

O'Neil Bell was a Jamaican professional boxer who competed from 1998 to 2011. He held the undisputed cruiserweight title in 2006 and the lineal cruiserweight title from 2006 to 2007.

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Jeremy Black, English admiral (born 1932)

Sir John Jeremy Black, also known as J. J. Black, was a senior Royal Navy officer. He commanded the aircraft carrier HMS Invincible during the Falklands War, and later served as Commander-in-Chief Naval Home Command from 1989 until his retirement in 1991.

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Svein Christiansen, Norwegian drummer and composer (born 1941)

Svein "Chrico" Christiansen was a Norwegian jazz musician (drums), known from a number of recordings, and central on the Oslo Jazz scene.

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Lennart Hellsing, Swedish author and translator (born 1919)

Paul Lennart Hellsing was a Swedish writer and translator. For his lasting contribution as a children's writer, Hellsing was a finalist in 2010 for the biennial, international Hans Christian Andersen Award.

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Elmo Williams, American director, producer, and editor (born 1913)

James Elmo Williams was an American film and television editor, producer, director and executive. His work on the film High Noon (1952) received the Academy Award for Best Film Editing. In 2006, Williams published Elmo Williams: A Hollywood Memoir.

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25/11/2014

Irvin J. Borowsky, American publisher and philanthropist (born 1924)

Irvin J. Borowsky was an American publisher and philanthropist.

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Sitara Devi, Indian dancer, and choreographer (born 1920)

Sitara Devi was an Indian dancer of the classical Kathak style of dancing, a singer, and an actress. She was the recipient of several awards and accolades, and performed at several prestigious venues in India and abroad; including the Royal Albert Hall, London (1967) and at the Carnegie Hall, New York (1976).

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Petr Hapka, Czech composer and conductor (born 1944)

Petr Hapka was a Czech composer, one of the most significant composers of Czech film music scores. He is known for his collaborations with the lyricist Michal Horáček.

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Denham Harman, American biogerontologist and academic (born 1916)

Denham Harman was an American medical academic who latterly served as professor emeritus at the University of Nebraska Medical Center. Harman is known as the "father of the free radical theory of aging".

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25/11/2013

Lou Brissie, American baseball player (born 1924)

Leland Victor Brissie was an American professional baseball pitcher who played in Major League Baseball from 1947 to 1953 for the Philadelphia Athletics and Cleveland Indians.

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Ricardo Fort, Argentinian businessman (born 1968)

Ricardo Aníbal Fort Campa was an Argentine socialite, entrepreneur and television director. Although his career lasted four years, Fort was one of the most popular personalities in his country.

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Bill Foulkes, English footballer and manager (born 1932)

William Anthony Foulkes was an English footballer who played for Manchester United in the Busby Babes teams of the 1950s, and also in the 1960s. His favoured position was centre-half. For Manchester United, he played 688 games which places him at number 4 on the all-time list of appearances behind Ryan Giggs, Bobby Charlton and Paul Scholes. He made 3 appearances as a substitute. He also started in every single United game in the 1957–58, 1959–60 and 1964–65 seasons. He scored a total of 9 goals in his 18 seasons at United and helped the club win four First Division titles, one FA Cup and one European Cup. He was capped three times for England in 1954–55.

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Chico Hamilton, American drummer and bandleader (born 1921)

Foreststorn "Chico" Hamilton was an American jazz drummer and bandleader. He came to prominence as sideman for Lester Young, Gerry Mulligan, Count Basie, and Lena Horne. Hamilton became a bandleader, first with a quintet featuring the cello as a lead instrument, an unusual choice for a jazz band in the 1950s, and subsequently leading bands that performed cool jazz, post bop, and jazz fusion.

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Egon Lánský, Czech journalist and politician (born 1934)

Egon T. Lánský was a Czech politician, journalist, political commentator, spokesperson and columnist. He was member of the Czech Social Democratic Party (ČSSD).

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Al Plastino, American author and illustrator (born 1921)

Alfred John Plastino was an American comics artist best known as one of the most prolific Superman artists of the 1950s, along with his DC Comics colleague Wayne Boring. Plastino also worked as a comics writer, editor, letterer, and colorist.

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25/11/2012

Lars Hörmander, Swedish mathematician and educator (born 1931)

Lars Valter Hörmander was a Swedish mathematician who has been called "the foremost contributor to the modern theory of linear partial differential equations". Hörmander was awarded the Fields Medal in 1962 and the Wolf Prize in 1988. In 2006 he was awarded the Steele Prize for Mathematical Exposition for his four-volume textbook Analysis of Linear Partial Differential Operators, which is considered a foundational work on the subject.

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Dave Sexton, English footballer and manager (born 1930)

David James Sexton was an English football manager and player. He was notable for managing Chelsea to their first European trophy.

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Dinah Sheridan, English actress (born 1920)

Dinah Sheridan was an English actress with a career spanning seven decades. She was best known for the films Genevieve (1953) and The Railway Children (1970), the long-running BBC comedy series Don't Wait Up (1983–1990), and for her distinguished theatre career in London's West End.

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Jim Temp, American football player and businessman (born 1933)

James Arthur Temp was an American professional football player, businessman, and philanthropist.

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25/11/2011

Vasily Alekseyev, Russian weightlifter and coach (born 1942)

Vasily Ivanovich Alekseyev was a Soviet weightlifter. He set 80 world records and 81 Soviet national records in weightlifting and won Olympic gold medals at the 1972 and 1976 games.

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Coco Robicheaux, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1947)

Curtis John Arceneaux better known by the name Coco Robicheaux, was an American blues musician from Ascension Parish, Louisiana, United States.

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Jawayd Anwar, Pakistani poet and writer (born 1959)

Jawayd Anwar was a Pakistani poet and writer. He is widely recognized as a significant writer in modern Urdu poetry, particularly for his nazms. He authored four volumes of poetry, including a posthumous collection published in 2016 titled Barzakh Kay Phul.

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25/11/2010

Alfred Balk, American journalist and author (born 1930)

Alfred Balk was an American reporter, nonfiction author and magazine editor who wrote groundbreaking articles about housing segregation, the Nation of Islam, the environment and Illinois politics. His refusal to identify a confidential source led to a landmark court case. During a career-long emphasis on media improvement, he served on the Twentieth Century Fund's task force that established a National News Council, consulted for several foundations, served as secretary of New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller's Committee on the Employment of Minority Groups in the News Media, and produced a film, That the People Shall Know: The Challenge of Journalism, narrated by Walter Cronkite. He wrote and co-authored books on a variety of topics, ranging from the tax exempt status of religious organizations to globalization to the history of radio.

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Peter Christopherson, English keyboard player, songwriter, and director (born 1955)

Peter Martin Christopherson, also known as Sleazy, was an English musician, music video director, commercial artist, designer, and photographer. He was best known as a member of design agency Hipgnosis and a co-founder of the bands Throbbing Gristle, Psychic TV, and Coil. He also directed the Nine Inch Nails short musical horror film Broken (1993). After his relocation to Thailand in 2005, he embarked on a solo career under the name The Threshold HouseBoys Choir.

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C. Scott Littleton, American anthropologist and academic (born 1933)

Covington Scott Littleton was an American anthropologist who was Professor and Chair of the Department of Anthropology at Occidental College. A co-founder of the Journal of Indo-European Studies, Littleton was an expert on Indo-European mythology and Shinto, on which he was the author of numerous works.

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Bernard Matthews, English businessman, founded Bernard Matthews Farms (born 1930)

Bernard Trevor Matthews CVO CBE QSM was the founder of Bernard Matthews Foods, a company that is best known for producing turkey meat products.

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25/11/2008

Leonard Goodwin, British protozoologist (born 1915)

Leonard George Goodwin CMG FRS was a British protozoologist noted for his work on testing the effectiveness of chemical compounds in treating tropical diseases. He was born in London to a shoe shop manager, and became interested in nature thanks to holidays spent with his grandfather, a gamekeeper, and his uncle, a pharmacist. He was educated at William Ellis School before being accepted into University College London to study botany and zoology. After graduating he went to the College of the Pharmaceutical Society and studied pharmacy, graduating in 1935. He became a demonstrator at the college under J H Burn and at his urging took further degrees in medicine and physiology.

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25/11/2007

Peter Lipton, American philosopher and academic (born 1954)

Peter Lipton was an American philosopher. He was the Hans Rausing Professor and Head of the Department of History and Philosophy of Science at Cambridge University, and a fellow of King's College, until his death in November 2007. According to his obituary on the Cambridge web site, he was "recognized as one of the leading philosophers of science and epistemologists in the world."

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25/11/2006

Luciano Bottaro, Italian author and illustrator (born 1931)

Luciano Bottaro was an Italian comic book artist.

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Valentín Elizalde, Mexican singer-songwriter (born 1979)

Valentín Elizalde Valencia was a Mexican singer. Nicknamed "El Gallo de Oro", he specialized in Banda and regional mexican music and was known for his off-key style. His biggest hits included: "Vete Ya," "Ebrio de Amor", and "Soy Así". Some of his songs were narcocorridos, eulogizing Mexican drug lords like Vicente Carrillo Fuentes. He also wrote lyrics honoring Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán, leader of the Sinaloa Cartel. He was murdered as he left a concert; allegedly by members of the drug trafficking cartel Los Zetas.

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Phyllis Fraser, American actress and publisher, co-founded Beginner Books (born 1916)

Phyllis Cerf Wagner, also known as Phyllis Fraser, was an American socialite, writer, publisher, and actress. She was a co-founder of Beginner Books.

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Kenneth M. Taylor, American lieutenant and pilot (born 1919)

Kenneth Marlar Taylor was a United States Air Force officer and a flying ace of World War II. He was a new United States Army Air Corps second lieutenant pilot stationed at Wheeler Field during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Along with his fellow pilot and friend George Welch, Taylor managed to get a fighter plane airborne under fire. Taylor claimed to have shot down four Japanese dive bombers but only two were confirmed. Taylor was injured during the incident and received several awards for his efforts, including the Distinguished Service Cross and the Purple Heart.

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25/11/2005

George Best, Northern Irish footballer (born 1946)

George Best was a Northern Irish professional footballer who played as a winger, spending most of his club career at Manchester United. A skillful dribbler, he is considered one of the greatest players of all time, along with being considered one of the most talented to play. He was named European Footballer of the Year in 1968 and came fifth in the FIFA Player of the Century vote. Best received plaudits for his playing style, which combined pace, skill, balance, feints, the ability to get past defenders and goalscoring. In 1999 he was on the six-man shortlist for the BBC's Sports Personality of the Century. He was an inaugural inductee into the English Football Hall of Fame in 2002.

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Richard Burns, English rally driver (born 1971)

Richard Alexander Burns was an English rally driver who won the 2001 World Rally Championship, having previously finished runner-up in the series in 1999 and 2000. He also helped Mitsubishi to the world manufacturers' title in 1998, and Peugeot in 2002. His co-driver in his whole career was Robert Reid. He is the only Englishman to have won the World Rally Championship as a driver.

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25/11/2004

Ed Paschke, American painter and academic (born 1939)

Edward Francis Paschke was an American painter. His childhood interest in animation and cartoons, as well as his father's creativity in wood carving and construction, led him toward a career in art. As a student at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago he was influenced by many artists featured in the museum's special exhibitions, in particular the work of Gauguin, Picasso and Seurat.

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25/11/2002

Karel Reisz, Czech-English director and producer (born 1926)

Karel Reisz was a Czech-born British filmmaker and film critic, one of the pioneers of the new realist strain in British cinema during the 1950s and 1960s. Two of the best-known films he directed are Saturday Night and Sunday Morning (1960), a classic of kitchen sink realism, and the romantic period drama The French Lieutenant's Woman (1981).

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25/11/2000

Hugh Alexander, American baseball player and scout (born 1917)

Hugh Alexander was an American professional baseball player and scout. He was an outfielder during his brief playing career, but after he suffered a career-ending injury at the age of 20 he became one of baseball's most celebrated scouts.

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25/11/1999

Valentín Campa, Mexican union leader and politician (born 1904)

Valentín Campa Salazar was a Mexican railway union leader and presidential candidate. Along with Demetrio Vallejo, he was considered one of the leaders of the 1958 railway strikes. Campa was also the founder of the National Railroad Council and the defunct underground newspaper The Railwayman.

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25/11/1998

Nelson Goodman, American philosopher and academic (born 1906)

Henry Nelson Goodman was an American philosopher, known for his work on counterfactuals, mereology, the problem of induction, irrealism, and aesthetics.

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Flip Wilson, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter (born 1933)

Clerow "Flip" Wilson Jr. was an American comedian and actor best known for his television appearances during the late 1960s and 1970s. From 1970 to 1974, Wilson hosted his own weekly variety series The Flip Wilson Show, and introduced viewers to his recurring character Geraldine. The series earned Wilson a Golden Globe and two Emmy Awards, and it was the second highest-rated show on network television for a time.

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25/11/1997

Hastings Banda, Malawian physician and politician, 1st President of Malawi (born 1898)

Hastings Kamuzu Banda was a Malawian politician who served as the leader of Malawi from 1964 to 1994. He served as Prime Minister from independence in 1964 to 1966, when Malawi was a Dominion/Commonwealth realm. In 1966, the country became a republic and he became the first president as a result, ruling until his defeat in 1994.

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25/11/1995

Léon Zitrone, Russian-French journalist (born 1914)

Léon Zitrone was a Russian-born French journalist and television presenter.

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25/11/1991

Eleanor Audley, American actress and voice artist (born 1905)

Eleanor Audley was an American actress with a distinctive voice and a diverse body of work. She played Oliver Douglas's mom, Eunice Douglas, on the CBS sitcom Green Acres (1965–1969), and provided two Disney animated classics with the voices of the two iconic villainesses: Lady Tremaine, Cinderella's evil stepmother in Cinderella (1950), and Maleficent, the wicked fairy in Sleeping Beauty (1959). She had roles in live-action films, but was most active in radio programs such as My Favorite Husband as Liz Cooper's mother-in-law, Mrs. Cooper, and Father Knows Best as the Anderson family's neighbor, Mrs. Smith. Audley's television appearances include those in I Love Lucy, The Dick Van Dyke Show, Mister Ed, Hazel, The Beverly Hillbillies, Pistols 'n' Petticoats, and My Three Sons.

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25/11/1990

Merab Mamardashvili, Georgian philosopher and academic (born 1930)

Merab Mamardashvili was a Georgian philosopher.

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25/11/1989

Alva R. Fitch, American general (born 1907)

Alva Revista Fitch was a lieutenant general in the United States Army and was deputy director of Defense Intelligence Agency from 1964 to 1966. He commanded an artillery battalion during the Battle of Bataan and was a prisoner of war from 1942 to 1945. From October 16, 1961, to January 5, 1964, Fitch served as the assistant chief of staff for intelligence, Headquarters, Department of the Army.

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25/11/1987

Harold Washington, American lawyer and politician, 51st Mayor of Chicago (born 1922)

Harold Lee Washington was an American lawyer and politician who was the 51st mayor of Chicago. In April 1983, Washington became the first African American to be elected as the city's mayor at the age of 60. He served as mayor from April 29, 1983, until his death in 1987. Born in Chicago and raised in the Bronzeville neighborhood, Washington became involved in local 3rd Ward politics under Chicago Alderman and future Congressman Ralph Metcalfe after graduating from Roosevelt University and Northwestern University School of Law. Washington was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1981 to 1983, representing Illinois's first district. Washington had previously served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1965 to 1976 and the Illinois State Senate from 1977 to 1980. A 1994 survey of experts on Chicago politics assessed Washington the third-best mayor in the city's history up to that time.

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25/11/1985

Geoffrey Grigson, English poet and critic (born 1905)

Geoffrey Edward Harvey Grigson was a British poet, writer, editor, critic, exhibition curator, anthologist and naturalist. In the 1930s, he was editor of the influential magazine New Verse, and went on to produce 13 collections of his own poetry, as well as compiling numerous anthologies, among many published works on subjects including art, travel and the countryside. Grigson was in 1946 a co-founder of the Institute of Contemporary Arts. His autobiography The Crest on the Silver was published in 1950. At various times, Grigson was involved in teaching, journalism and broadcasting. Fiercely combative, he made many literary enemies.

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Franz Hildebrandt, German pastor and theologian (born 1909)

Franz Hildebrandt was a German-born Lutheran, and later Methodist, pastor and theologian, forced into exile during World War II, and subsequently active in the United Kingdom and the USA.

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25/11/1984

Yashwantrao Chavan, Indian lawyer and politician, 5th Deputy Prime Minister of India (born 1913)

Yashwantrao Balwantrao Chavan was an Indian independence activist and politician who served as 5th Deputy Prime Minister of India in the short-lived Charan Singh ministry in 1979. He served as the last Chief Minister of Bombay State and the first of Maharashtra after the latter was created by the division of Bombay State. His also held significant ministerial post was as the 8th Minister of Finance from 1970 to 1971 and from 1971 to 1974.

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25/11/1983

Saleem Raza (Pakistani singer), Pakistani Christian playback singer (born 1932)

Noel Dias, better known as Saleem Raza, was a Pakistani playback singer. He converted to Islam and started his singing career from Lahore, Pakistan, quickly gaining popularity. Raza was a classically- trained singer and was more famous for singing sad songs. Raza's career was overshadowed by to the rise of singer Ahmed Rushdi in the late 1950s. He left playback singing in 1966 as he lost his popularity with the film composers and moved to Canada where he died in 1983.

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25/11/1981

Jack Albertson, American actor and singer (born 1907)

Harold "Jack" Albertson was an American actor, comedian, dancer and singer who also performed in vaudeville. Albertson was a Tony, Oscar, and Emmy winning actor, which ranks him among a rare stature of 24 actors who have been awarded the "Triple Crown of Acting".

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25/11/1980

Herbert Flam, American tennis player (born 1928)

Herbert Flam was an American tennis player who was ranked by Lance Tingay as the World No. 4 amateur in 1957.

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25/11/1974

Nick Drake, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1948)

Nicholas Rodney Drake was an English singer-songwriter. An accomplished acoustic guitarist, Drake signed to Island Records at the age of twenty while still a student at the University of Cambridge. His debut album, Five Leaves Left, was released in 1969, and was followed by two more albums, Bryter Layter (1971) and Pink Moon (1972). Drake did not reach a wide audience during his lifetime, but found acclaim and wider recognition following his death.

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U Thant, Burmese lawyer and diplomat, 3rd Secretary-General of the United Nations (born 1909)

Thant, known honorifically as U Thant, was a Burmese diplomat and the third secretary-general of the United Nations from 1961 to 1971, the first non-Scandinavian as well as Asian to hold the position. He held the office for a record 10 years and one month.

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25/11/1973

Laurence Harvey, Lithuania-born English actor (born 1928)

Laurence Harvey was a Lithuanian-born British actor and film director. He was born to Lithuanian Jewish parents and emigrated to South Africa at an early age, before later settling in the United Kingdom after World War II. In a career that spanned a quarter of a century, Harvey appeared in stage, film and television productions primarily in the United Kingdom and the United States.

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25/11/1972

Henri Coandă, Romanian engineer, designed the Coandă-1910 (born 1886)

Henri Marie Coandă was a Romanian inventor, aerodynamics pioneer, and builder of an experimental aircraft, the Coandă-1910, which never flew. He invented a great number of devices, designed a "flying saucer" and discovered the Coandă effect of fluid dynamics.

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Hans Scharoun, German architect (born 1893)

Bernhard Hans Henry Scharoun was a German architect best known for designing the Berliner Philharmonie and the Schminke House in Löbau, Saxony. He was an important exponent of organic and expressionist architecture.

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25/11/1970

Yukio Mishima, Japanese author, actor, and director (born 1925)

Kimitake Hiraoka, known by his pen name Yukio Mishima, was a Japanese writer, playwright, actor, martial artist, model, and the leader of an attempted coup d'état that culminated in his seppuku.

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25/11/1968

Upton Sinclair, American novelist, critic, and essayist (born 1878)

Upton Beall Sinclair Jr. was an American author, muckraker journalist, and political activist, and the 1934 Democratic Party nominee for governor of California. He wrote nearly 100 books and other works in several genres. Sinclair's work was well known and popular in the first half of the 20th century, and he won the 1943 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction.

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Paul Siple, American geographer and explorer (born 1908)

Paul Allman Siple was an American Antarctic explorer and geographer who took part in six Antarctic expeditions, including the two Byrd expeditions of 1928–1931 and 1933–1935. Siple was also a Sea Scout. His first and third books covered these adventures. With Charles F. Passel he developed the wind chill factor, a term coined by Siple.

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25/11/1965

Myra Hess, English pianist and educator (born 1890)

Dame Julia Myra Hess was an English pianist known for her performances of the works of Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, Schumann, and Brahms. She famously organised concerts in London during the Second World War and The Blitz.

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25/11/1963

Alexander Marinesko, Russian lieutenant (born 1913)

Alexander Ivanovich Marinesko was a Soviet career naval officer. During the last year of World War II, he became known as the captain of the submarine S-13, which sank the German military transport ship Wilhelm Gustloff in the Baltic Sea in January 1945. It was evacuating soldiers, medics, and other military personnel of Army Group North, as well as civilians who wanted to flee to Germany. Around 9,300 of the more than 10,000 passengers and crew died.

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25/11/1961

Hubert Van Innis, Belgian archer (born 1866)

Gerard Theodor Hubert Van Innis was a Belgian competitor in the sport of archery; he competed in two Summer Olympics 20 years apart and came away with a total of six gold medals and three silver medals.

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25/11/1959

Gérard Philipe, French actor (born 1922)

Gérard Philipe was a prominent French actor who appeared in 32 films between 1944 and 1959. He came to prominence during the later period of the poetic realism movement of French Cinema in the late 1940s. His best known credits include Such a Pretty Little Beach (1949), Beauty and the Devil (1950), Fan Fan the Tulip (1953), Montparnasse 19 (1958) and Les liaisons dangereuses (1959).

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25/11/1957

Prince George of Greece and Denmark (born 1869)

Prince George of Greece and Denmark was the second son and child of George I of Greece and Olga Konstantinovna of Russia. He served as high commissioner of the Cretan State during its transition towards independence from Ottoman rule and union (Enosis) with Greece.

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25/11/1956

Alexander Dovzhenko, Ukrainian-Russian director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1894)

Alexander Petrovich Dovzhenko, also Oleksandr Petrovych Dovzhenko, was a Soviet film director and screenwriter of Ukrainian origin. He is often cited as one of the most important early Soviet filmmakers, alongside Sergei Eisenstein, Dziga Vertov, and Vsevolod Pudovkin, as well as being a pioneer of Soviet montage theory.

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25/11/1950

Mao Anying, Chinese general (born 1922)

Mao Anying was a Chinese military officer. He was the eldest son of Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui. Educated in Moscow and a veteran of multiple wars, Mao was killed in action by an air strike during the Korean War.

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Johannes V. Jensen, Danish author and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1873)

Johannes Vilhelm Jensen was a Danish author, known as one of the great Danish writers of the first half of 20th century. He was awarded the 1944 Nobel Prize in Literature "for the rare strength and fertility of his poetic imagination with which is combined an intellectual curiosity of wide scope and a bold, freshly creative style". One of his sisters, Thit Jensen, was also a well-known writer and a very vocal, and occasionally controversial, early feminist.

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Gustaf John Ramstedt, Finnish linguist and diplomat (born 1873)

Gustaf John Ramstedt was a Finnish diplomat, orientalist and linguist. He was also an early Finnish Esperantist, and chairman of the Esperanto-Association of Finland.

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25/11/1949

Bill Robinson, American actor and dancer (born 1878)

Bill "Bojangles" Robinson, was an American tap dancer, actor, and singer, the best known and the most highly paid black entertainer in the United States during the first half of the 20th century. His long career mirrored changes in American entertainment tastes and technology. His career began in the age of minstrel shows and moved to vaudeville, Broadway theatre, the recording industry, Hollywood films, radio, and television.

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25/11/1948

Kanbun Uechi, Japanese martial artist, founded Uechi-ryū (born 1877)

Kanbun Uechi was the founder of Uechi-Ryū, one of the primary karate styles of Okinawa.

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25/11/1944

Kenesaw Mountain Landis, American lawyer and judge (born 1866)

Kenesaw Mountain Landis was an American jurist who served as a United States federal judge from 1905 to 1922 and as the first commissioner of baseball from 1920 until his death in 1944. He is remembered for his resolution of the Black Sox Scandal, in which he expelled eight members of the Chicago White Sox from organized baseball for conspiring to lose the 1919 World Series and repeatedly refused their reinstatement requests. His iron rule over baseball in the near quarter-century of his commissionership is generally credited with restoring public confidence in the game.

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25/11/1934

N. E. Brown, English plant taxonomist and authority on succulents (born 1849)

Nicholas Edward Brown was an English plant taxonomist and authority on succulents. He was also an authority on several families of plants, including Asclepiadaceae, Aizoaceae, Labiatae and Cape plants.

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25/11/1920

Gaston Chevrolet, French-American racing driver and businessman (born 1892)

Gaston Louis Chevrolet was an American racing driver and automobile manufacturer. He was the winner of both the Indianapolis 500 and the American National Championship in 1920.

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25/11/1909

Edward P. Allen, American lawyer and politician (born 1839)

Edward Payson Allen was an American Civil War veteran and politician from the U.S. state of Michigan. He served two terms in the United States House of Representatives from 1887 to 1891.

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25/11/1885

Thomas A. Hendricks, American lawyer and politician, 21st Vice President of the United States (born 1819)

Thomas Andrews Hendricks was an American politician and lawyer from Indiana who served as the 16th governor of Indiana from 1873 to 1877 and the 21st vice president of the United States from March 1885 until his death in November of that year. Hendricks represented Indiana in the U.S. House of Representatives (1851–1855) and the U.S. Senate (1863–1869). He also represented Shelby County, Indiana, in the Indiana General Assembly (1848–1850) and as a delegate to the 1851 Indiana constitutional convention. In addition, Hendricks served as commissioner of the United States General Land Office (1855–1859). Hendricks, a popular member of the Democratic Party, was a fiscal conservative. He defended the Democratic position in the U.S. Senate during the American Civil War and Reconstruction era and voted against the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution. He also opposed Radical Reconstruction and President Andrew Johnson's removal from office following Johnson's impeachment in the U.S. House.

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Alfonso XII of Spain (born 1857)

Alfonso XII, also known as El Pacificador, was King of Spain from 29 December 1874 to his death in 1885.

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25/11/1884

Hermann Kolbe, German chemist and academic (born 1818)

Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe was a German chemist and academic, and a major contributor to the birth of modern organic chemistry. He was a professor at Marburg and Leipzig. Kolbe was the first to apply the term synthesis in a chemical context, and contributed to the philosophical demise of vitalism through synthesis of the organic substance acetic acid from carbon disulfide, and also contributed to the development of structural theory. This was done via modifications to the idea of "radicals" and accurate prediction of the existence of secondary and tertiary alcohols, and to the emerging array of organic reactions through his Kolbe electrolysis of carboxylate salts, the Kolbe-Schmitt reaction in the preparation of aspirin and the Kolbe nitrile synthesis. After studies with Wöhler and Bunsen, Kolbe was involved with the early internationalization of chemistry through work in London. He was elected to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, and won the Royal Society of London's Davy Medal in the year of his death. Despite these accomplishments and his training important members of the next generation of chemists, Kolbe is best remembered for editing the Journal für Praktische Chemie for more than a decade, in which his vituperative essays on Kekulé's structure of benzene, van't Hoff's theory on the origin of chirality and Baeyer's reforms of nomenclature were personally critical and linguistically violent. Kolbe died of a heart attack in Leipzig at age 66, six years after the death of his wife, Charlotte.

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25/11/1865

Heinrich Barth, German explorer and scholar (born 1821)

Johann Heinrich Barth was a German explorer of Africa and scholar.

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25/11/1785

Richard Glover, English poet and politician (born 1712)

Richard Glover was an English poet and politician.

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25/11/1755

Johann Georg Pisendel, German violinist and composer (born 1687)

Johann Georg Pisendel was a German Baroque violinist and composer who, for many years, led the Court Orchestra in Dresden as concertmaster, then the finest instrumental ensemble in Europe. He was the leading violinist of his time, and composers such as Tomaso Albinoni, Georg Philipp Telemann and Antonio Vivaldi all dedicated violin compositions to him.

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25/11/1748

Isaac Watts, English hymnwriter and theologian (born 1674)

Isaac Watts was an English Congregational minister, hymn writer, theologian, and logician. He was a prolific and popular hymn writer and is credited with some 750 hymns. His works include "When I Survey the Wondrous Cross", "Joy to the World", and "O God, Our Help in Ages Past". He is recognised as the "Godfather of English Hymnody"; many of his hymns remain in use today and have been translated into numerous languages.

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25/11/1700

Stephanus Van Cortlandt, American lawyer and politician, 10th Mayor of New York City (born 1643)

Stephanus van Cortlandt was the first native-born mayor of New York City, a position which he held from 1677 to 1678 and from 1686 to 1688. He was the patroon of van Cortlandt Manor and was on the governor's executive council from 1691 to 1700. He was the first resident of Sagtikos Manor in West Bay Shore on Long Island, which was built around 1697. A number of his descendants married English military leaders and Loyalists active in the American Revolution, and their descendants became prominent members of English society.

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25/11/1694

Ismaël Bullialdus, French astronomer and mathematician (born 1605)

Ismaël Boulliau was a 17th-century French astronomer, mathematician, and Catholic priest, who was also interested in history, theology, classical studies, and philology. He was an active member of the Republic of Letters, an intellectual community that exchanged ideas. An early defender of the ideas of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei, Ismael Bullialdus has been called "the most noted astronomer of his generation". One of his books is Astronomia Philolaica (1645).

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25/11/1626

Edward Alleyn, English actor, founded Dulwich College (born 1566)

Edward Alleyn was an English actor who was a major figure of the Elizabethan theatre and founder of the College of God's Gift in Dulwich.

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25/11/1565

Hu Zongxian, Chinese general (born 1512)

Hu Zongxian, courtesy name Ruzhen (汝貞) and art name Meilin (梅林), was a Chinese general and politician of the Ming dynasty who presided over the government's response to the wokou pirate raids during the reign of the Jiajing Emperor. As supreme commander, he was able to defeat Xu Hai's substantial raid in 1556 and capture the pirate lord Wang Zhi the next year through ruses. Despite his accomplishments, Hu Zongxian's reputation had been tarnished by his association with the clique of Yan Song and Zhao Wenhua, traditionally reviled figures in Ming historiography. He was rehabilitated decades after his death and was given the posthumous name Xiangmao (襄懋) by the emperor in 1595.

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25/11/1560

Andrea Doria, Italian admiral (born 1466)

Andrea Doria, Prince of Melfi was an Italian statesman, condottiero and admiral, who played a key role in the Republic of Genoa during his lifetime.

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25/11/1456

Jacques Cœur, French merchant and banker (born 1395)

Jacques Cœur was a French government official and state-sponsored merchant whose personal fortune became legendary and led to his eventual disgrace. He initiated regular trade routes between France and the Levant. His memory retains iconic status in Bourges, where he built a palatial house that is preserved to this day.

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25/11/1374

Philip II, Prince of Taranto (born 1329)

Philip III of the Angevin house, was titular Latin Emperor of Constantinople, as well as Prince of Achaea and Taranto, from 1364 to his death in 1373.

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25/11/1326

Prince Koreyasu, Japanese shōgun (born 1264)

Prince Koreyasu , also known as Minamoto no Koreyasu , was the seventh shōgun of the Kamakura shogunate of medieval Japan. He was the nominal ruler virtually controlled by the Hōjō clan regents.

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25/11/1185

Pope Lucius III (born 1097)

Pope Lucius III, born Ubaldo Allucingoli, reigned as head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 1 September 1181 to his death in 1185. Born to an aristocratic family in Lucca, prior to being elected pope, he had a long career as a papal diplomat. His papacy was marked by conflicts with Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I, his exile from Rome, and the initial preparations for the Third Crusade.

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25/11/1120

William Adelin, son of Henry I of England (sinking of the White Ship) (born 1103)

William Ætheling (Middle English: [ˈwiliəm ˈaðəliŋɡ], Old English: [ˈæðeliŋɡ]; 5 August 1103 – 25 November 1120), commonly called Adelin was the son of Henry I of England by his wife Matilda of Scotland, and was thus heir apparent to the English throne. His early death without issue caused a succession crisis, now known in English history as the Anarchy.

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25/11/1034

Malcolm II of Scotland (born 954)

Máel Coluim mac Cinaeda was King of Alba (Scotland) from 1005 until his death in 1034. He was one of the longest-reigning Scottish Kings of that period.

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25/11/0734

Bilge Khagan, Turkic emperor (born 683)

Bilge Qaghan, born Ashina Mojilian (Chinese:阿史那默棘連), was the fourth qaghan of the Second Turkic Khaganate. His accomplishments were described in the Orkhon inscriptions.

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25/11/0311

Pope Peter I of Alexandria

Year 311 (CCCXI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Valerius and Maximinus. The denomination 311 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

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