Died on Wednesday, 26th November – Famous Deaths

26/11/2024

Jim Abrahams, American film director and writer (born 1944)

James Steven Abrahams was an American film director and writer. With David and Jerry Zucker, he was best known as a member of Zucker, Abrahams and Zucker.

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26/11/2022

Vikram Gokhale, Indian actor and director (born 1945)

Vikram Gokhale was an Indian film, television and stage actor, noted for his roles in Marathi theatre, Hindi films and television. He was the son of the Veteran Marathi theatre and film actor, Chandrakant Gokhale.

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26/11/2021

Stephen Sondheim, American composer and lyricist (born 1930)

Stephen Joshua Sondheim was an American composer and lyricist. Regarded as one of the most important figures in 20th-century musical theater, he is credited with reinventing the American musical. He received numerous accolades, including eight Tony Awards, an Academy Award, eight Grammy Awards, five Olivier Awards, and the Pulitzer Prize. He was inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame in 1982 and awarded the Kennedy Center Honor in 1993 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2015.

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26/11/2018

Stephen Hillenburg, American animator, voice actor, and marine science educator (born 1961)

Stephen McDannell Hillenburg was an American animator, writer, producer, director, voice actor, and marine biology educator. He was best known for creating the animated television series SpongeBob SquarePants for Nickelodeon in 1999. The show has become the fourth longest-running American animated series. He also provided the original voice of Patchy the Pirate's pet, Potty the Parrot.

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26/11/2016

Fritz Weaver, American actor (born 1926)

Fritz William Weaver was an American stage, film, and television actor. He won the Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play for the original Broadway production of Child's Play (1970), and was nominated for Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Play for The Chalk Garden (1958).

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26/11/2015

Amir Aczel, Israeli-American mathematician, historian, and academic (born 1950)

Amir Dan Aczel was an Israeli-born American lecturer in mathematics and the history of mathematics and science, and an author of popular science.

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Guy Lewis, American basketball player and coach (born 1922)

Guy Vernon Lewis II was an American basketball player and coach. He served as the head men's basketball coach at the University of Houston from 1956 to 1986. Lewis led his Houston Cougars to five appearances in the Final Four of the NCAA tournament, in 1967, 1968, 1982, 1983, and 1984. His 1980s teams, nicknamed Phi Slama Jama for their slam dunks, were runners-up for the national championship in back-to-back seasons in 1983 and 1984. He was inducted into National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame in 2007 and the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 2013.

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26/11/2014

Mary Hinkson, American dancer and choreographer (born 1925)

Mary De Haven Hinkson was an African American dancer and choreographer known for breaking racial boundaries throughout her dance career in both modern and ballet techniques. She is best known for her work as a member of the Martha Graham Dance Company.

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Gilles Tremblay, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster (born 1938)

Joseph Jean Gilles Tremblay was a Canadian ice hockey left winger who played his entire National Hockey League (NHL) career with the Montreal Canadiens from 1960 to 1969.

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Peter Underwood, English parapsychologist and author (born 1932)

Peter Underwood was an English author, broadcaster and parapsychologist. Underwood was born in Letchworth, Hertfordshire. Described as "an indefatigable ghost hunter", he wrote many books which surveyed alleged hauntings within the United Kingdom - beginning the trend of comprehensive regional 'guides' to (purportedly) haunted places. One of his well-known investigations concerned Borley Rectory, which he also wrote about.

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26/11/2013

Arik Einstein, Israeli singer-songwriter (born 1939)

Arieh Lieb "Arik" Einstein (Hebrew: אָרִיק אַייְנְשְׁטֵייְן ; was an Israeli singer, songwriter, actor, comedian and screenwriter. He was a pioneer of Israeli rock music and was named "the voice of Israel." Through both high public and critical acclaim, Einstein is regarded as one of the greatest, most popular, and most influential Israeli artists of all time.

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Jane Kean, American actress and singer (born 1923)

Jane Kean was an American actress and singer whose career in show business spanned seven decades and included appearing in nightclubs, on recordings, and in radio, television, Broadway and films. Among her most famous roles were as Trixie Norton on The Jackie Gleason Show, and as the voice of Belle in the perennial favorite Mister Magoo's Christmas Carol.

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Saul Leiter, American photographer and painter (born 1923)

Saul Leiter was an American photographer and painter whose early work in the 1940s and 1950s was an important contribution to what came to be recognized as the New York school of photography.

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Tony Musante, American actor and screenwriter (born 1936)

Anthony Peter Musante Jr. was an American actor, best known for the TV series Toma as Detective David Toma, Nino Schibetta in Oz (1997), and Joe D'Angelo in As the World Turns (2000–2003). In movies, he achieved fame relatively early in his career, starring or having significant roles in such films as Once a Thief (1965), The Incident (1967), The Detective (1968) and The Last Run (1971), and also in a number of Italian productions, including The Mercenary (1968), Metti, una sera a cena (1969) and The Bird with the Crystal Plumage (1970).

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26/11/2012

Celso Advento Castillo, Filipino actor, director, and screenwriter (born 1943)

Celso Adolfo Castillo was a Filipino film director and screenwriter. He was known as the Messiah of Philippine Cinema for directing films that broke new ground in Philippine cinema, including Asedillo, Patayin Mo sa Sindak si Barbara, and Burlesk Queen, among others. Castillo was a prolific director who made 64 films throughout his life, casting actors like Fernando Poe Jr., Vilma Santos, and Maria Isabel Lopez.

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Peter Marsh, Australian table tennis player (born 1948)

Peter James Marsh was an Australian Paralympic athlete and table tennis player who competed at three Paralympic Games and won two bronze medals.

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Joseph Murray, American surgeon and soldier, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1919)

Joseph Edward Murray was an American plastic surgeon who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1990 with E. Donnall Thomas for "their discoveries concerning organ and cell transplantation in the treatment of human disease."

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M. C. Nambudiripad, Indian author and translator (born 1919)

Moothiringode Chithrabhanu Nambudiripad was a pioneer of popular science writing in Malayalam language and an eminent translator. He was one of the founders of popular science movement in Kerala State, India. He was conferred several awards for his writing and translation, and for contribution to society.

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26/11/2011

Manon Cleary, American painter and academic (born 1942)

Manon Cleary was an American artist based in Washington, D.C. Cleary specialized in photo-realistic paintings and drawings. Many of her works were inspired by events in her life and focused on the human form and lights.

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26/11/2010

Leroy Drumm, American songwriter (born 1936)

Leroy Maxey Drumm was an American bluegrass and country songwriter whose work became part of the recorded repertoire of several prominent artists in the genre. He is best known as co-writer of "Colleen Malone," recorded by Hot Rize, which won the International Bluegrass Music Association (IBMA) Song of the Year award in 1991.

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26/11/2007

Silvestre S. Herrera, Mexican-American sergeant, Medal of Honor recipient (born 1917)

Silvestre Santana Herrera was a private first class of the United States Army who received the Medal of Honor for his heroic actions in Mertzwiller, France, during World War II.

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Mel Tolkin, Russian-Canadian screenwriter and producer (born 1913)

Mel Tolkin was an American television comedy writer best known as head writer of the live sketch comedy series Your Show of Shows during the Golden Age of Television. There he presided over a staff that at times included Mel Brooks, Neil Simon, and Danny Simon. The writers' room inspired the film My Favorite Year (1982), produced by Brooks, and the Broadway play Laughter on the 23rd Floor (1993), written by Neil Simon.

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Herb McKenley, Jamaican sprinter (born 1922)

The Hon. Herbert Henry McKenley OM was a Jamaican track and field sprinter. He competed at the 1948 and 1952 Olympics in six events in total, and won one gold and three silver medals.

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26/11/2006

Mário Cesariny de Vasconcelos, Portuguese painter and poet (born 1923)

Mário Cesariny de Vasconcelos or Mário Cesariny was a Portuguese surrealist poet and painter. He published several major works of poetry during a career spanning 50 years. Cesariny was also a painter, but his work became more centered on poetry in the 1950s.

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Dave Cockrum, American author and illustrator (born 1943)

David Emmett Cockrum was an American comics artist known for his co-creation of the new X-Men characters Nightcrawler, Storm, Colossus, and Mystique, as well as the antiheroine Black Cat. Cockrum was a prolific and inventive costume designer who updated the uniforms of the Legion of Super-Heroes and the X-Men in the 1970s and early 1980s.

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Isaac Gálvez, Spanish cyclist (born 1975)

Isaac Gálvez López was a Spanish track and road racing cyclist who rode for Caisse d'Epargne-Illes Balears in the UCI ProTour. He died during the 66th Six Days of Ghent cycling event in Belgium after colliding with Dimitri De Fauw and crashing against the railing. He died from internal bleeding. At the time of the accident, he had only been married for three weeks. After this, De Fauw suffered from depression and he committed suicide on 6 November 2009.

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Raúl Velasco, Mexican television host and producer (born 1933)

Raúl Velasco Ramírez was a Mexican host/producer of the TV show Siempre en Domingo which is his hallmark contribution to the Latin American world and eventually to other parts of the world where Spanish entertainment programs are broadcast.

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26/11/2005

Takanori Arisawa, Japanese composer and conductor (born 1951)

Takanori Arisawa was a Japanese composer and arranger best known for composing the Sailor Moon and Digimon anime series. He wrote music for the series, including its video games. Born in Tokyo, Arisawa began to learn piano at the age of 20. After graduating from Senzoku Gakuen College, Arisawa started his career in 1980 by composing "Shinjuku Transfer". He worked for the Tokyo Broadcasting System and wrote several TV dramas. From the 1990s until his death, Arisawa began composing for anime series exclusively. His work on Sailor Moon was initially based on pop music, but gradually began to change to those found in classical music. Sailor Moon was successful and Arisawa won several awards for his work. After Sailor Moon, Arisawa composed music for several shows, including the Digimon series, until his death from bladder cancer in 2005.

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Stan Berenstain, American author and illustrator, co-created the Berenstain Bears (born 1923)

Stanley Melvin Berenstain and Janice Marian Berenstain were American writers and illustrators best known for creating the children's book series The Berenstain Bears.

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Mark Craney, American drummer (born 1952)

Mark Craney was an American rock and jazz drummer.

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26/11/2004

Philippe de Broca, French actor, director, and screenwriter (born 1933)

Philippe Claude Alex de Broca de Ferrussac was a French film director.

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C. Walter Hodges, English author and illustrator (born 1909)

Cyril Walter Hodges was an English artist and writer best known for illustrating children's books and for helping to recreate Elizabethan theatre. He won the annual Greenaway Medal for British children's book illustration in 1964.

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26/11/2003

Soulja Slim, American rapper (born 1977)

James Adarryl Tapp Jr., better known by his stage name Soulja Slim, was an American rapper from New Orleans, Louisiana. He is best known for his appearance on Juvenile's 2004 single "Slow Motion", which peaked atop the Billboard Hot 100. Eight years prior, he signed with Master P's No Limit Records to release his debut studio album, Give It 2 'Em Raw (1998), which peaked at number 13 on the Billboard 200. It was followed by three albums until the single's posthumous release, which was in memory of his unsolved murder.

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Stefan Wul, French surgeon and author (born 1922)

Stefan Wul was the nom de plume of the French science fiction writer Pierre Pairault, born in Paris.

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26/11/2002

Polo Montañez, Cuban singer-songwriter (born 1955)

Polo Montañez was a Cuban singer and songwriter.

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Verne Winchell, American businessman, founded Winchell's Donuts (born 1915)

Verne Hedges Winchell was the founder of Winchell's Donuts and also served as a chairman, president and chief executive officer of the Denny's restaurant chain.

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26/11/2001

Nils-Aslak Valkeapää, Finnish author, poet, and painter (born 1943)

Nils-Aslak Valkeapää, known as Áilu in the Northern Sámi language and with the stage name of Áillohaš, was a Finnish Sámi writer, musician and artist. He was one of the most internationally recognised contributors of Sámi culture. He was mostly known for his joiks and poems. He was the official provincial artist of Lapland from 1978 to 1983. He was given the Nordic Council Literature Prize in 1991 for his work called Beaivi, áhčážan.

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26/11/1998

Jonathan Kwitny, American journalist and author (born 1941)

Jonathan Kwitny was an American investigative journalist.

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26/11/1997

Marguerite Henry, American author (born 1902)

Marguerite Henry was an American writer of children's books, writing fifty-nine books based on true stories of horses and other animals. She won the Newbery Medal for King of the Wind, a 1948 book about horses, and she was a runner-up for two others. One of the latter, Misty of Chincoteague (1947), was the basis for several related titles and the 1961 movie Misty.

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26/11/1996

Michael Bentine, English actor and screenwriter (born 1922)

Michael Bentine was a British comedian, comic actor and founding member of the Goons.

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Paul Rand, American art director and graphic designer (born 1914)

Paul Rand was an American art director and graphic designer. He is known for his corporate logo designs, including logos for IBM, UPS, Enron, Morningstar, Inc., Westinghouse, ABC, and NeXT. He developed an American Modernist style from European influences and was one of the first American commercial artists to embrace and practice the Swiss Style of graphic design. Rand was a professor emeritus of graphic design at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, where he taught from 1956 to 1969, and from 1974 to 1985. He was inducted into the New York Art Directors Club Hall of Fame in 1972.

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26/11/1994

David Bache, English car designer (born 1925)

David Ernest Bache was a German-born English automobile designer. For much of his career he worked with Rover.

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Arturo Rivera y Damas, Salvadoran archbishop (born 1923)

Arturo Rivera y Damas was the ninth Bishop and fifth Archbishop of San Salvador, El Salvador. Msgr. Rivera's term as archbishop (1983–1994) coincided with the Salvadoran Civil War. He was the immediate successor of Archbishop Óscar Romero. During Romero's archbishopric (1977–1980), Rivera was Romero's key ally. He had been the auxiliary of Romero's long-reigning predecessor, Luis Chávez y González (1938–1977). He was also a friend of Mother Teresa, who stayed at his family home on her visit to El Salvador.

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26/11/1993

César Guerra-Peixe, Brazilian violinist, composer, and conductor (born 1914)

César Guerra-Peixe was a Brazilian violinist, composer, and conductor.

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26/11/1991

Ed Heinemann, American engineer (born 1908)

Edward Henry Heinemann was a military aircraft designer for the Douglas Aircraft Company.

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Bob Johnson, American ice hockey player and coach (born 1931)

Robert Norman "Badger Bob" Johnson was an American college, international, and professional ice hockey coach. He coached the Wisconsin Badgers men's ice hockey team from 1966 to 1982, where he led the Badgers to seven appearances at the NCAA Men's Ice Hockey Championships, including three titles. During his time as the head coach at Wisconsin, Johnson also coached the United States men's national ice hockey team at the 1976 Winter Olympics and seven other major championships, including the Canada Cup and IIHF World Championships. He then coached the Calgary Flames for five seasons that included a Stanley Cup Final loss in 1986. Johnson achieved the peak of his professional coaching career in his only season as coach of the Pittsburgh Penguins in 1990–91, when the Penguins won the 1991 Stanley Cup Final, becoming the second American-born coach to win it and the first in 53 years. In August 1991, following hospitalization due to a brain aneurysm, Johnson was diagnosed with brain cancer. He died on November 26 of the same year.

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26/11/1989

Ahmed Abdallah, Comorian politician, President of Comoros (born 1919)

Ahmed Abdallah Abderemane was a top Comorian politician. He was a member of the French Senate from 1959 to 1973, and President of the Comoros from 25 October 1978 until his assassination in 1989.

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26/11/1987

Thomas George Lanphier, Jr., American colonel and pilot (born 1915)

Thomas George Lanphier Jr. was a Panama-born American colonel and fighter pilot during World War II who was first given sole credit, then later partial credit shared with Rex T. Barber, for shooting down the plane carrying Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, the commander in chief of the Imperial Japanese Navy. Most modern historians discount his version entirely, giving Barber the whole credit for the kill.

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J. P. Guilford, American psychologist and academic (born 1897)

Joy Paul Guilford was an American psychologist best known for his psychometric study of human intelligence, including the distinction between convergent and divergent production.

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Peter Hujar, American photographer (born 1934)

Peter Hujar was an American photographer best known for his black-and-white portraits. Hujar's work received only marginal public recognition during his lifetime, but he has since been recognized as a major American photographer of the 1970s and 1980s.

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26/11/1986

Betico Croes, Aruban activist and politician (born 1938)

Gilberto François "Betico" Croes was an Aruban political activist who was a proponent for Aruba's separation from the Netherlands Antilles. This eventually occurred in 1986, but following a car accident on 31 December 1985, Croes lapsed into a coma and never became conscious to see his accomplishment. He is best remembered as "Libertador" (liberator) and as the father of the Aruban people.

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26/11/1985

Vivien Thomas, American surgeon and academic (born 1910)

Vivien Theodore Thomas was an American laboratory supervisor who, in the 1940s, played a major role in developing a procedure now called the Blalock–Thomas–Taussig shunt used to treat blue baby syndrome along with surgeon Alfred Blalock and cardiologist Helen B. Taussig. He was the assistant to Blalock in Blalock's experimental animal laboratory at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee, and later at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland. Thomas was unique in that he did not have any professional education or experience in a research laboratory; however, he served as supervisor of the surgical laboratories at Johns Hopkins for 35 years. In 1976, Johns Hopkins awarded him an honorary doctorate and named him an Instructor of Surgery for the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. Without any education past high school, Thomas rose above poverty to become a cardiac surgery pioneer and a teacher of operative techniques to many of the country's most prominent surgeons.

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26/11/1982

Juhan Aavik, Estonian composer and conductor (born 1884)

Juhan Aavik was an Estonian composer.

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26/11/1981

Pete DePaolo, American race car driver (born 1898)

Peter DePaolo was an American racing driver who is remembered as one of the greatest racers of his generation. He won the 1925 Indianapolis 500, and was a two-time National Champion, winning in 1925 and 1927.

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Max Euwe, Dutch chess player, mathematician, and author (born 1901)

Machgielis "Max" Euwe was a Dutch chess player, mathematician, author, and chess administrator. He was the fifth player to become World Chess Champion, a title he held from 1935 until 1937. He served as President of FIDE, the World Chess Federation, from 1970 to 1978.

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26/11/1978

Ford Beebe, American director and screenwriter (born 1888)

Ford Ingalsbe Beebe was a screenwriter and director. He entered the film business as a writer around 1916 and over the next 60 years wrote and/or directed almost 200 films.

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Frank Rosolino, American trombonist (born 1926)

Frank Rosolino was an American jazz trombonist.

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26/11/1977

Yoshibayama Junnosuke, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 43rd Yokozuna (born 1920)

Yoshibayama Junnosuke , real name Ikeda Junnosuke , was a Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Atsuta District, Hokkaido. He was the sport's 43rd yokozuna. He suffered a number of injuries and only won one tournament championship, but was a popular wrestler. He was a runner-up five times, and earned three special prizes and two gold stars in his top division career. After his retirement in 1958 he revived and led the Miyagino stable until his death in 1977.

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26/11/1974

Cyril Connolly, English author and critic (born 1903)

Cyril Vernon Connolly CBE was an English literary critic and writer. He was the editor of the influential literary magazine Horizon (1940–49) and wrote Enemies of Promise (1938), which combined literary criticism with an autobiographical exploration of why he failed to become the successful author of fiction that he aspired to be in his youth.

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26/11/1973

John Rostill, English bass player and songwriter (born 1942)

John Henry Rostill was an English musician, bassist and composer, recruited by the Shadows to replace Brian Locking in autumn 1963.

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26/11/1971

Giacomo Alberione, Italian priest and publisher (born 1884)

James Alberione, SSP, was an Italian Catholic priest, and the founder of the Society of St. Paul, of the Daughters of St. Paul, of the Sister Disciples of the Divine Master, of the Pious Disciples of the Divine Master, of the Sisters of Jesus the Good Shepherd, of the Sisters of Mary Queen of the Apostles, and other religious institutes, which form the Pauline Family. The first two groups are best known for promoting the Catholic faith through various forms of modern media.

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26/11/1963

Amelita Galli-Curci, Italian soprano (born 1882)

Amelita Galli-Curci was an Italian lyric coloratura soprano. She was one of the most famous operatic singers of the 20th century and a popular recording artist, with her records selling in large numbers.

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26/11/1962

Albert Sarraut, French lawyer and politician, 106th Prime Minister of France (born 1872)

Albert-Pierre Sarraut was a French Radical politician, twice Prime Minister during the Third Republic.

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26/11/1959

Albert Ketèlbey, English pianist, composer, and conductor (born 1875)

Albert William Ketèlbey was an English composer, conductor and pianist, best known for his short pieces of light orchestral music. He was born in Birmingham and moved to London in 1889 to study at Trinity College of Music. After a brilliant studentship he did not pursue the classical career predicted for him, becoming musical director of the Vaudeville Theatre before gaining fame as a composer of light music and as a conductor of his own works.

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26/11/1956

Tommy Dorsey, American trombonist, trumpet player, and composer (born 1905)

Thomas Francis Dorsey Jr. was an American jazz trombonist, composer, conductor and bandleader of the big band era. He was known as the "Sentimental Gentleman of Swing" because of his smooth-toned trombone playing. His theme song was "I'm Getting Sentimental Over You". His technical skill on the trombone gave him renown among other musicians. He was the younger brother of bandleader Jimmy Dorsey. After Dorsey broke with his brother in the mid-1930s, he led an extremely successful band from the late 1930s into the 1950s. He is best remembered for standards such as "Opus One", "This Love of Mine" featuring Frank Sinatra on vocals, "Song of India", "Marie", "On Treasure Island", and his biggest hit single, "I'll Never Smile Again".

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26/11/1954

Bill Doak, American baseball player and coach (born 1891)

William Leopold Doak was an American Major League Baseball pitcher who played for three teams between 1912 and 1929. He spent portions of 13 seasons with the St. Louis Cardinals. He was nicknamed "Spittin' Bill" because he threw the spitball. He led the National League in earned run average in 1914, and he won 20 games in the 1920 season.

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26/11/1952

Sven Hedin, Swedish geographer and explorer (born 1865)

Sven Anders Hedin, KNO1kl RVO, was a Swedish geographer, topographer, explorer, photographer, travel writer and illustrator of his own works. During four expeditions to Central Asia, he made the Transhimalaya known in the West and located sources of the Brahmaputra, Indus and Sutlej Rivers. He also mapped lake Lop Nur, and the remains of cities, grave sites and the Great Wall of China in the deserts of the Tarim Basin. In his book Från pol till pol, Hedin describes a journey through Asia and Europe between the late 1880s and the early 1900s. While traveling, Hedin visited Turkey, the Caucasus, Tehran, Iraq, lands of the Kyrgyz people and the Russian Far East, India, China and Japan. The posthumous publication of his Central Asia Atlas marked the conclusion of his life's work.

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26/11/1950

Hedwig Courths-Mahler, German writer (born 1867)

Hedwig Courths-Mahler, née Ernestine Friederike Elisabeth Mahler was a German writer of formula fiction romantic novels. She used the pseudonyms Relham, H. Brand, Gonda Haack, and Rose Bernd.

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26/11/1943

Edward O'Hare, American lieutenant and pilot (born 1914)

Lieutenant Commander Edward Henry O'Hare was an American naval aviator of the United States Navy, who on February 20, 1942, became the Navy's first fighter ace of the war when he single-handedly attacked a formation of nine medium bombers approaching his aircraft carrier. Although he had a limited amount of ammunition, O'Hare was credited with shooting down five enemy bombers and became the first naval aviator recipient of the Medal of Honor in World War II.

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26/11/1941

Ernest Lapointe, Canadian lawyer and politician, 18th Canadian Minister of Justice (born 1876)

Ernest Lapointe was a Canadian lawyer and politician. A member of Parliament from Quebec City, he was a senior minister in the government of Prime Minister W. L. Mackenzie King, playing an important role on issues relating to legal affairs, Quebec and French-speaking Canada.

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26/11/1937

Silvestras Žukauskas, Lithuanian general (born 1860)

Silvestras Žukauskas was a Lithuanian General. He first served in the Imperial Russian Army, where he distinguished himself during World War I, rising to the rank of major general and ending the war as divisional commander. Later he joined the Lithuanian Army and was its Chief Commander three times: May–September 1919, February–June 1920, and June 1923 to January 1928.

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26/11/1936

Şükrü Naili Gökberk, Turkish general (born 1876)

Şükrü Naili Gökberk was an officer of the Ottoman Army during World War I, reaching the rank of miralay on 1 September 1917; and of the Turkish Army during the Turkish War of Independence, reaching the rank of mirliva on 31 August 1922. He was promoted to the rank of ferik on 30 August 1926.

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26/11/1934

Mykhailo Hrushevsky, Ukrainian historian and politician (born 1866)

Mykhailo Serhiiovych Hrushevsky was a Ukrainian academician, politician, historian and statesman who was one of the most important figures of the Ukrainian national revival of the early 20th century. Hrushevsky is often considered the country's greatest modern historian, the foremost organiser of scholarship, the leader of the pre-revolution Ukrainian national movement, the head of the Central Rada, and a leading cultural figure in the Ukrainian SSR during the 1920s.

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26/11/1929

John Cockburn, Scottish-Australian politician, 18th Premier of South Australia (born 1850)

Sir John Alexander Cockburn was Premier of South Australia from 27 June 1889 to 18 August 1890.

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26/11/1928

Reinhard Scheer, German admiral (born 1863)

Carl Friedrich Heinrich Reinhard Scheer was an admiral in the Imperial German Navy. Scheer joined the navy in 1879 as an officer cadet and progressed through the ranks, commanding cruisers and battleships, as well as senior staff positions on land. At the outbreak of World War I, Scheer was the commander of the II Battle Squadron of the High Seas Fleet. He then took command of the III Battle Squadron, which consisted of the newest and most powerful battleships in the navy. In January 1916, he was promoted to admiral and given control of the High Seas Fleet. Scheer led the German fleet at the Battle of Jutland on 31 May – 1 June 1916, one of the largest naval battles in history.

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26/11/1926

Ernest Belfort Bax, English barrister, journalist, philosopher, men's rights advocate, socialist and historian (born 1854)

Ernest Belfort Bax was an English barrister, journalist, philosopher, men's rights advocate, socialist, and historian.

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John Browning, American weapons designer, founded the Browning Arms Company (born 1855)

John Moses Browning was an American firearm designer who developed many varieties of military and civilian firearms, cartridges, and gun mechanisms, many of which are still in use around the world. He made his first firearm at age 13 in his father's gun shop and was awarded the first of his 128 firearm patents on October 7, 1879, at the age of 24. He is regarded as one of the most successful firearms designers of the 19th and 20th centuries and a pioneer of modern repeating, semi-automatic, and automatic firearms.

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26/11/1920

Semen Karetnyk, Ukrainian anarchist military commander (born 1893)

Semen Mykytovych Karetnyk was a Ukrainian anarchist revolutionary and military commander in the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine (RIAU). He often replaced Nestor Makhno as supreme commander of the Insurgent Army in 1920. Karetnyk gained a reputation for his central role in defeating the White Army in Crimea in November 1920.

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26/11/1919

Felipe Ángeles, Mexican general (born 1868)

Felipe Ángeles Ramírez (1868–1919) was a Mexican military officer and revolutionary during the era of the Mexican Revolution. Having risen to the rank of colonel of artillery in the Federal Army of the Porfiriato, Ángeles was promoted to general during the brief presidency of Francisco I. Madero. After the Ten Tragic Days, he became unique in the history of the revolution by becoming the only Federal general to join the revolutionary cause in northern Mexico, serving with General Pancho Villa's División del Norte.

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26/11/1917

Elsie Inglis, Scottish surgeon and suffragette (born 1864)

Eliza Maud "Elsie" Inglis was a Scottish medical doctor, surgeon, teacher, suffragist, and founder of the Scottish Women's Hospitals. She was the first woman to hold the Serbian Order of the White Eagle.

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26/11/1912

Joachim III of Constantinople (born 1834)

Joachim III of Constantinople was Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople from 1878 to 1884 and from 1901 to 1912.

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26/11/1896

Coventry Patmore, English poet and critic (born 1823)

Coventry Kersey Dighton Patmore was an English poet and literary critic. He is best known for his book of poetry The Angel in the House, a narrative poem about the Victorian ideal of a happy marriage. As a young man, Patmore worked for the British Museum in London. After the publication of his first book of poems in 1844, he became acquainted with members of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. His grief over the death of his first wife, Emily Augusta Patmore in 1862, became a major theme in his poetry.

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26/11/1895

George Edward Dobson, Irish zoologist, photographer, and surgeon (born 1848)

George Edward Dobson FRS FLS FZS was an Irish zoologist, photographer and army surgeon. He took a special interest in bats, describing many new species, and some species have been named after him.

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26/11/1892

Charles Lavigerie, French cardinal and academic (born 1825)

Charles Martial Allemand Lavigerie, M. Afr. was a French Catholic prelate and missionary who served as Archbishop of Carthage and Primate of Africa from 1884 to 1892. He previously served as Archbishop of Algiers and Bishop of Nancy. He also founded the Missionaries of Africa. He was created a cardinal in 1882.

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26/11/1885

Thomas Andrews, Irish chemist and physicist (born 1813)

Thomas Andrews FRS FRSE was an Irish chemist and physicist who did important work on phase transitions between gases and liquids. He was a longtime professor of chemistry at Queen's University of Belfast.

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26/11/1883

Sojourner Truth, American activist (born 1797)

Sojourner Truth was an American abolitionist and activist for African-American civil rights, women's rights, and alcohol temperance. Truth was born into slavery in Swartekill, New York, but escaped with her infant daughter to freedom in 1826. After going to court to recover her son in 1828, she became the first black woman to win such a case against a white man.

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26/11/1882

Otto Theodor von Manteuffel, Prussian lawyer and politician, Minister President of Prussia (born 1805)

Otto Theodor Freiherr von Manteuffel was a conservative Prussian statesman, serving nearly a decade as prime minister.

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26/11/1872

Pavel Kiselyov, Russian general and politician (born 1788)

Count Pavel Dmitrievich Kiselyov or Kiseleff is generally regarded as the most brilliant Russian reformer during Nicholas I's generally conservative reign. Kiselyov was plenipotentiary president of the Divans in Wallachia and Moldavia from 1829 until 1834.

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26/11/1860

Benjamin Greene, English brewer, founded Greene King (born 1780)

Benjamin Greene was an English businessman, newspaper owner and the founder of Greene King, one of the United Kingdom's largest brewing businesses. He later became the owner of multiple plantations in the British West Indies and supported slavery.

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26/11/1857

Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff, German poet and author (born 1788)

Joseph Karl Benedikt Freiherr von Eichendorff was a German poet, novelist, playwright, literary critic, translator, and anthologist. Eichendorff was one of the major writers and critics of Romanticism. Ever since their publication and up to the present day, some of his works have been very popular in German-speaking Europe.

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26/11/1855

Adam Mickiewicz, Polish poet and playwright (born 1798)

Adam Bernard Mickiewicz was a Polish poet, dramatist, essayist, publicist, translator and political activist. He is regarded as national poet in Poland, Lithuania and Belarus. He also largely influenced Ukrainian literature and affected Russian literature. A principal figure in Polish Romanticism, he is one of Poland's "Three Bards" and is widely regarded as Poland's greatest poet. He is also considered one of the greatest Slavic and European poets and has been dubbed a "Slavic bard".

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26/11/1851

Jean-de-Dieu Soult, French general and politician, 12th Prime Minister of France (born 1769)

Marshal General Jean-de-Dieu Soult, 1st Duke of Dalmatia was a French general and statesman. He was a Marshal of the Empire during the Napoleonic Wars, and served three times as President of the Council of Ministers of France. Soult is referred to as one of the outstanding military commanders of the modern era.

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26/11/1836

John Loudon McAdam, Scottish engineer (born 1756)

John Loudon McAdam was a Scottish civil engineer and road-builder. He invented a new process, "macadamisation", for building roads with a smooth hard surface, using controlled materials of mixed particle size and predetermined structure, that would be more durable and less muddy than soil-based tracks.

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26/11/1829

Thomas Buck Reed, American lawyer and politician (born 1787)

Thomas Buck Reed was a United States senator from Mississippi.

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26/11/1780

James Steuart, Scottish economist (born 1712)

Sir James Steuart, 3rd Baronet of Goodtrees and 7th Baronet of Coltness, also known as Sir James Steuart Denham, was a prominent Scottish Jacobite and author of "probably the first systematic treatise written in English about economics" and the first book in English with 'political economy' in the title. He assumed the surname of Denham late in life; he inherited his cousin's baronetcy of Coltness in 1773.

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26/11/1719

John Hudson, English librarian and scholar (born 1662)

John Hudson, English classical scholar, was born at Wythop, near Cockermouth in Cumberland.

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26/11/1717

Daniel Purcell, English organist and composer (born 1664)

Daniel Purcell was an English Baroque composer, the younger brother or cousin of Henry Purcell.

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26/11/1689

Marquard Gude, German archaeologist and scholar (born 1635)

Marquard Gude (Gudius) (1 February 1635 – 26 November 1689) was a German archaeologist and classical scholar, most famous for his collection of Greek and Latin inscriptions.

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26/11/1688

Philippe Quinault, French playwright and composer (born 1635)

Philippe Quinault was a French dramatist and librettist.

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26/11/1661

Luis Méndez de Haro, Spanish general and politician (born 1598)

Luis Méndez de Haro, 6th Marquis of Carpio and 2nd Duke of Olivares or Luis Méndez de Haro y Guzmán,, , was a Spanish political figure, general and art collector. He was the royal favourite of Philip IV. De Haro was also notable as being one of the very few Spanish royal favourites of the period to die whilst still in favour.

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26/11/1651

Henry Ireton, English-Irish general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (born 1611)

Henry Ireton was an English general in the Parliamentarian army during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, and a son-in-law of Oliver Cromwell. He died of disease outside Limerick in November 1651.

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26/11/1639

John Spottiswoode, Scottish archbishop and historian (born 1565)

John Spottiswoode was an Archbishop of St Andrews, Primate of All Scotland, Lord Chancellor, and historian of Scotland.

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26/11/1621

Ralph Agas, English surveyor and cartographer (born 1540)

Ralph Agas was an English land surveyor and cartographer. He was born at Stoke-by-Nayland, Suffolk, in about 1540, and lived there throughout his life, although he travelled regularly to London. He began to practise as a surveyor in about 1566, and has been described as "one of the leaders of the emerging body of skilled land surveyors".

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26/11/1504

Isabella I, queen of Castile and León (born 1451)

Isabella I was Queen of Castile and León from 1474 until her death in 1504. She was also Queen of Aragon from 1479 until her death as the wife of King Ferdinand II. Reigning together over a dynastically unified Spain, Isabella and Ferdinand are known as the Catholic Monarchs. Her reign marked the end of the Reconquista and also the start of the Spanish Empire, allowing Spain to dominate European politics for the next century.

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26/11/1473

Diego Fernández de la Cueva, 1st Viscount of Huelma

Diego Fernández de la Cueva, 1st Viscount of Huelma was a Spanish nobleman.

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26/11/1267

Sylvester Gozzolini, Italian founder of the Sylvestrines (born 1177)

Silvestro Guzzolini was an Italian Catholic priest and the founder of the Silvestrini. He served as a canon in Osimo but respectful rebukes of his bishop's inappropriate conduct led him to leave for a hermitage before the bishop could strip him of his position. He remained in his hermitage with a determination to found a religious congregation and based it upon the Order of Saint Benedict after having a dream of Benedict of Nursia. His order received papal approval from Pope Innocent IV which allowed his order to expand across Italian cities to a significant degree.

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26/11/1236

Al-Aziz Muhammad ibn Ghazi, Ayyubid emir of Aleppo (born 1216)

Al-Aziz Muhammad ibn Ghazi was the Kurdish Ayyubid Emir of Aleppo and the son of az-Zahir Ghazi and grandson of Saladin. His mother was Dayfa Khatun, the daughter of Saladin's brother al-Adil.

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26/11/1014

Swanehilde of Saxony, margravine of Meissen

Swanehilde of Saxony was Margravine of Meissen.

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26/11/0975

Conrad of Constance, German bishop and saint (bornc. 900)

Conrad of Constance was a German bishop and saint.

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26/11/0946

Li Congyan, Chinese general (born 898)

Li Congyan (李從曮), né Li Jiyan (李繼曮), formally the Prince of Qi (岐王), was a son and the heir of Li Maozhen, the only ruler of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Qi. After Li Maozhen submitted to Later Tang and died shortly after, he continued to control the former Qi territory, as a Later Tang vassal, and subsequently served as a general for both Later Tang and its successor state Later Jin.

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26/11/0399

Siricius, pope of the Catholic Church (born 334)

Pope Siricius was the bishop of Rome from December 384 to his death on 26 November 399. In response to inquiries from Bishop Himerius of Tarragona, Siricius issued the Directa decretal, containing decrees of baptism, church discipline and other matters. His are the oldest completely preserved papal decretals. He is sometimes said to have been the first bishop of Rome to call himself pope.

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