Died on Thursday, 9th October – Famous Deaths

09/10/2024

George Baldock, British-born Greek international footballer (born 1993)

George Henry Ivor Baldock was an English-Greek professional footballer who played as a right-back or right wing-back. Born in England, he represented Greece at the international level.

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Dieter Burdenski, German footballer (born 1950)

Dieter Burdenski was a German professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

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Lily Ebert, Hungarian-born Holocaust survivor (born 1923)

Lily Ebert was a Hungarian-born British writer and Holocaust survivor, who in her later life became notable for her memoir, and social media videos and media appearances documenting her life as a survivor of the genocide.

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Lee Wei Ling, Singaporean neurologist (born 1955)

Lee Wei Ling was a Singaporean neurologist. She was the director of the National Neuroscience Institute.

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Clark R. Rasmussen, American politician (born 1934)

Clark Ray Rasmussen was an American politician who represented Polk County in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1965 to 1967 as a member of the Democratic Party.

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Leif Segerstam, Finnish conductor and composer (born 1944)

Leif Selim Segerstam was a Finnish music composer, conductor, violinist, violist, and pianist. He is especially best known for writing over 300 symphonies, along with other works. He held many important positions in Finnish music industry both in Finland and around the world.

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Ratan Tata, Indian businessman and philanthropist (born 1937)

Ratan Naval Tata was an Indian industrialist, businessman and philanthropist. He served as the chairman of Tata Group and Tata Sons from 1991 to 2012, and he held the position of interim chairman from October 2016 to February 2017. In 2000, he received the Padma Bhushan, the third-highest civilian honour in India, followed by the Padma Vibhushan, the country's second-highest civilian honour, in 2008.

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09/10/2017

Jean Rochefort, French actor (born 1930)

Jean Raoul Robert Rochefort was a French actor. He received many accolades during his career, including an Honorary César in 1999.

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09/10/2016

Andrzej Wajda, Polish film and theatre director (born 1926)

Andrzej Witold Wajda was a Polish film and theatre director. Recipient of an Honorary Oscar, the Palme d'Or, as well as Honorary Golden Lion and Honorary Golden Bear Awards, he was a prominent member of the "Polish Film School". He was known especially for his trilogy of war films consisting of A Generation (1955), Kanał (1957) and Ashes and Diamonds (1958).

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09/10/2015

Ray Duncan, American businessman (born 1930)

Raymond Twomey Duncan known as Ray Duncan was an American entrepreneur and vintner. Originally involved in oil entrepreneurship in Colorado and founder of Duncan Oil, he was the founder along with Justin Meyer of Silver Oak Cellars in 1972, a successful winery based in the Napa Valley and Alexander Valley. Today his sons David Duncan and Tim Duncan run Silver Oak Cellars, as well as Twomey Cellars. Duncan established the Durango Mountain "Purgatory" Ski Resort in 1965 and was chairman of the board for the ski industry organization Colorado Ski Country USA. He was inducted into the Colorado Ski and Snowboard Hall of Fame in 2006.

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Richard F. Heck, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1931)

Richard Frederick Heck was an American chemist noted for the discovery and development of the Heck reaction, which uses palladium to catalyze organic chemical reactions that couple aryl halides with alkenes. The analgesic naproxen is an example of a compound that is prepared industrially using the Heck reaction.

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Geoffrey Howe, Welsh lawyer and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1926)

Richard Edward Geoffrey Howe, Baron Howe of Aberavon,, known from 1970 to 1992 as Sir Geoffrey Howe, was a British barrister and politician who served as Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1989 to 1990. A member of the Conservative Party, he was Margaret Thatcher's longest-serving Cabinet minister, successively holding the posts of chancellor of the Exchequer, foreign secretary, and finally leader of the House of Commons, deputy prime minister and lord president of the Council. His resignation from Cabinet on 1 November 1990 is widely considered to have precipitated the leadership challenge that led to Thatcher's resignation three weeks later.

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Ravindra Jain, Indian composer and director (born 1944)

Ravindra Jain was an Indian music composer, lyricist and playback singer. He started his career in the early 1970s by composing for several hit movies, and continued despite his struggle with blindness. His notable works include Chor Machaye Shor (1974), Geet Gaata Chal (1975), Chitchor (1976) and Ankhiyon Ke Jharokhon Se (1978), Nadiya Ke Paar (1982), Ram Teri Ganga Maili (1985) and Vivah (2006). He composed music for many films and TV shows including Ramanand Sagar's epic Ramayan (1987), which became iconic. He was awarded the Padma Shri, the fourth-highest civilian award of the Republic of India in 2015 for his contribution to arts.

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09/10/2014

Boris Buzančić, Croatian actor and politician, 47th Mayor of Zagreb (born 1929)

Boris Buzančić was a Croatian actor and politician who served as the 47th Mayor of Zagreb between 1990 and 1993.

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Jan Hooks, American actress and comedienne (born 1957)

Janet Vivian Hooks was an American actress and comedian. She was best known for her tenure on the NBC sketch comedy series Saturday Night Live, where she was a repertory player from 1986 to 1991. After leaving SNL, she continued to make cameo appearances until 1994. Her subsequent work included a regular role on the last two seasons of Designing Women, a recurring role on 3rd Rock from the Sun, and a number of other film and television roles, including on 30 Rock and The Simpsons. She died of complications of throat cancer on October 9, 2014 at the age of 57.

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Carolyn Kizer, American poet and academic (born 1925)

Carolyn Ashley Kizer was an American poet of the Pacific Northwest whose works reflect her feminism. She won the Pulitzer Prize in 1985.

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Peter A. Peyser, American soldier and politician (born 1921)

Peter A. Peyser was a United States representative from New York, serving from 1971 to 1977 as a Republican and from 1979 to 1983 as a Democrat.

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Rita Shane, American soprano and educator (born 1936)

Rita Shane was an American coloratura soprano.

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09/10/2013

Solomon Lar, Nigerian educator and politician, 4th Governor of Plateau State (born 1933)

Chief (Dr.) Solomon Daushep Lar was a Nigerian politician who has held various offices at the National level for over 50 years. He was a member of the first national parliament when Nigeria gained independence in 1960. He was elected governor of Plateau State on the Nigerian People's Party (NPP) platform during the Nigerian Second Republic, holding office from October 1979 until the Military coup of 31 December 1983 that brought General Muhammadu Buhari to power. Later, he was founding chairman of the People's Democratic Party (PDP).

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Srihari, Indian actor (born 1964)

Srihari was an Indian actor who was active mainly in Telugu cinema. He appeared in some Tamil, Kannada and Hindi films as well. He won seven Nandi Awards and one Filmfare Award.

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Wilfried Martens, Belgian lawyer and politician, 60th Prime Minister of Belgium (born 1936)

Wilfried Achiel Emma Martens was a Belgian politician who served as prime minister of Belgium from 1979 to 1992, except from April to December 1981. A member of the Flemish Christian People's Party, during his premiership he oversaw the transformation of Belgium into a federal state. He was one of the founders of the European People's Party.

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Edmund Niziurski, Polish sociologist, lawyer, and author (born 1925)

Edmund Niziurski was a popular Polish writer, author of numerous humorous novels and stories for children, recipient of the Order of the Smile.

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09/10/2012

Sammi Kane Kraft, American actress (born 1992)

Sammi Kane Kraft was an American baseball player, musician and actress.

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Kenny Rollins, American basketball player (born 1923)

Kenneth Herman Rollins was an American professional basketball player. He competed at the 1948 London Olympics and was a member of the University of Kentucky's "Fabulous Five" who won the 1948 NCAA tournament. His college career was interrupted by service in the United States Navy during World War II. He was voted to the All-SEC and All-SEC Tourney teams following his junior and senior seasons.

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Harris Savides, American cinematographer (born 1957)

Harris Savides ASC was an American cinematographer.

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09/10/2011

Pavel Karelin, Russian ski jumper (born 1989)

Pavel Vladimirovich Karelin was a Russian ski jumper from Nizhny Novgorod who competed from 2004 until his death in 2011. He made his World Cup debut on 30 November 2007, finishing 8th in team large hill event at Kuusamo, Finland. During the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, he finished tenth in the team large hill, 33rd in the individual normal hill, and 38th in the individual large hill events.

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09/10/2010

Maurice Allais, French economist and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1911)

Maurice Félix Charles Allais was a French physicist and economist, the 1988 winner of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences "for his pioneering contributions to the theory of markets and efficient utilization of resources", along with John Hicks and Paul Samuelson, to neoclassical synthesis. They formalize the self-regulation of markets, which Keynes refuted but reiterated some of Allais's ideas.

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09/10/2009

Stuart M. Kaminsky, American author and educator (born 1934)

Stuart M. Kaminsky was an American mystery writer and film professor. He is known for three long-running series of mystery novels featuring the protagonists Toby Peters, a private detective in 1940s Hollywood (1977–2004); Inspector Porfiry Petrovich Rostnikov, a Moscow police inspector (1981–2010); and veteran Chicago police officer Abe Lieberman (1990–2007). There is also a fourth series featuring a Sarasota, Florida, process server named Lew Fonesca (1999–2009).

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John Daido Loori, American Zen Buddhist monastic and teacher (born 1931)

John Daido Loori was a Zen Buddhist rōshi who served as the abbot of Zen Mountain Monastery and was the founder of the Mountains and Rivers Order and CEO of Dharma Communications. Daido Loori received shiho from Taizan Maezumi in 1986 and also received a Dendo Kyoshi certificate formally from the Soto school of Japan in 1994. In 1997, he received dharma transmission in the Harada-Yasutani and Inzan lineages of Rinzai Zen as well. In 1996 he gave dharma transmission to his student Bonnie Myotai Treace, in 1997 to Geoffrey Shugen Arnold, and in 2009 to Konrad Ryushin Marchaj. In addition to his role as a Zen Buddhist priest, Loori was an exhibited photographer and author of more than twenty books and was an avid naturalist.

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Horst Szymaniak, German footballer (born 1934)

Horst "Schimmi" Szymaniak was a German footballer who played as a midfielder.

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09/10/2007

Enrico Banducci, American businessman, founded hungry i (born 1922)

Enrico Banducci was an American impresario. Banducci operated the Hungry I nightclub in San Francisco's North Beach neighborhood after purchasing the club from its founder, Eric "Big Daddy" Nord, in 1950.

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Carol Bruce, American actress and singer (born 1919)

Carol Bruce was an American band singer, Broadway star, and film and television actress. She had the recurring part of Mama Lillian Carlson on TV's WKRP in Cincinnati.

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09/10/2006

Danièle Huillet, French filmmaker (born 1933)

Jean-Marie Straub and Danièle Huillet were a duo of French filmmakers who made two dozen films between 1963 and 2006. Their films are noted for their rigorous, intellectually stimulating style and radical, communist politics. While both were French, they worked mostly in Germany and Italy. From the Clouds to the Resistance (1979) and Sicilia! (1999) are among the duo's best regarded works.

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Paul Hunter, English snooker player (born 1978)

Paul Alan Hunter was an English professional snooker player. He was a three-time Masters champion, winning the event in 2001, 2002, and 2004; on all three occasions, he recovered from a deficit in the final to claim the title on a deciding frame. He also won three ranking events: the Welsh Open in 1998 and 2002, and the 2002 British Open.

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Kanshi Ram, Indian lawyer and politician (born 1934)

Kanshi Ram, also known as Bahujan Nayak or Manyavar, Sahab Kanshiram was an Indian politician and social reformer who worked for the upliftment and political mobilisation of the Bahujans, the backward or lower caste people including untouchable groups at the bottom of the caste system in India. Towards this end, Kanshi Ram founded Dalit Shoshit Samaj Sangharsh Samiti (DS-4), the All India Backwards (SC/ST/OBC) and Minorities Communities Employees' Federation (BAMCEF) in 1971 and the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) in 1984. In 2001, he ceded leadership of the BSP to his protégé Mayawati who has served four terms as Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh.

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09/10/2005

Louis Nye, American actor (born 1913)

Louis Nye was an American comedic actor. He is best known for his work on multiple television, film and radio programs.

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09/10/2004

Jacques Derrida, Algerian-French philosopher and academic (born 1930)

Jacques Derrida was a French philosopher born in Algeria. He developed the philosophy of deconstruction, which he utilized in a number of his texts, and which was developed through close readings of the linguistics of Ferdinand de Saussure and Husserlian and Heideggerian phenomenology. He is one of the major figures associated with post-structuralism and postmodern philosophy although he distanced himself from post-structuralism and disavowed the word "postmodernity".

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09/10/2003

Carolyn Gold Heilbrun, American author and academic (born 1926)

Carolyn Heilbrun was an American academic at Columbia University, the first woman to receive tenure in the English department, and a prolific feminist author of academic studies. In addition, beginning in the 1960s, she published numerous popular mystery novels, under the pen name of Amanda Cross. These have been translated into numerous languages and in total sold nearly one million copies worldwide.

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Carl Fontana, American jazz trombonist (born 1928)

Carl Charles Fontana was an American jazz trombonist. After working in the big bands of Woody Herman, Lionel Hampton, and Stan Kenton, he devoted most of his career to playing music in Las Vegas.

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09/10/2002

Sopubek Begaliev, Kyrgyzstani economist and politician (born 1931)

Sopubek Begaliev was a Soviet-era economist and politician. He was the founder of the Assembly of People of the Kyrgyz Republic, an organization that promotes inter-ethnic harmony, civil peace, and unanimity.

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Charles Guggenheim, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1924)

Charles Eli Guggenheim was an American documentary film director, producer, and screenwriter. He was the most honored documentary filmmaker in the academy history, winning four Oscars from twelve nominations.

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09/10/2001

Herbert Ross, American director, producer, and choreographer (born 1927)

Herbert David Ross was an American choreographer, director, and producer, who was active in both theatre and film. He was known for his work on Broadway as a choreographer for productions for Barbra Streisand, Stephen Sondheim, Richard Rodgers, and Arthur Laurents. His credits included A Tree Grows in Brooklyn in 1951, Finian's Rainbow in 1960, I Can Get It for You Wholesale in 1962, and Do I Hear a Waltz? in 1965. He was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Choreography for Anyone Can Whistle in 1964.

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09/10/2000

David Dukes, American actor (born 1945)

David Coleman Dukes was an American character actor. He had a long career in films, appearing in 35. Dukes starred in the miniseries The Winds of War and War and Remembrance, and he was a frequent television guest star. Later in life, Dukes had recurring roles on shows such as Pauly, Sisters, and Dawson's Creek.

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Patrick Anthony Porteous, Indian-Scottish colonel, Victoria Cross recipient (born 1918)

Colonel Patrick Anthony Porteous VC, who as a Scottish captain in the British commandos, received the Victoria Cross – the British Commonwealth's highest award for valour – for leading a bayonet charge against a German battery in the Dieppe Raid in 1942. He also saw action with the Royal Artillery in France, being evacuated from Dunkirk, and with No. 4 Commando in the D-Day Normandy landings.

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09/10/1999

Milt Jackson, American vibraphone player and composer (born 1923)

Milton Jackson, nicknamed "Bags", was an American jazz vibraphonist. He is especially remembered for his cool swinging solos as a member of the Modern Jazz Quartet and his penchant for collaborating with hard bop and post-bop players.

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Akhtar Hameed Khan, Pakistani economist and scholar (born 1914)

Akhter Hameed Khan was a Pakistani-Bangladeshi development practitioner and social scientist. He promoted participatory rural development in West Pakistan, East Pakistan and other developing countries, and widely advocated community participation in development. His particular contribution was the establishment of a comprehensive project for rural development, the Comilla Model (1959). It earned him the Ramon Magsaysay Award from the Philippines and an honorary Doctorate of law from Michigan State University.

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09/10/1996

Walter Kerr, American author, composer, and critic (born 1913)

Walter Francis Kerr was an American writer and Broadway theatre critic. He also was the writer, lyricist, and/or director of several Broadway plays and musicals as well as the author of several books, generally on the subject of theater and cinema.

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09/10/1995

Alec Douglas-Home, British cricketer and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1903)

Alexander Frederick Douglas-Home, Baron Home of the Hirsel, known as Lord Dunglass from 1918 to 1951 and the Earl of Home from 1951 to 1963, was a British statesman and Conservative politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1963 to 1964. He was the last prime minister to hold office while being a member of the House of Lords, before renouncing his peerage and taking up a seat in the House of Commons for the remainder of his premiership. His reputation, however, rests more on his seven years over two stints as Foreign Secretary than on his brief premiership.

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09/10/1989

Yusuf Atılgan, Turkish author and playwright (born 1921)

Yusuf Atılgan was a Turkish novelist and dramatist, who is best known for his novels Aylak Adam and Anayurt Oteli. He is one of the pioneers of the modern Turkish novel.

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Penny Lernoux, American journalist and author (born 1940)

Penny Lernoux was an American educator, author, and journalist. She wrote critically of United States government and Papal policy toward Latin America.

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09/10/1988

Felix Wankel, German engineer, invented the Wankel engine (born 1902)

Felix Heinrich Wankel was a German mechanical engineer and inventor after whom the Wankel engine was named. Wankel joined various radical antisemitic organizations after World War I and was a prominent member of the Nazi Party.

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09/10/1987

Clare Boothe Luce, American author, playwright, and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Italy (born 1903)

Clare Boothe Luce was an American writer, politician, diplomat, and conservative public intellectual. A versatile author, she is best known for her 1936 hit play The Women, which had an all-female cast. Her writings extended from drama and screen scenarios to fiction, journalism, and war reportage. She served as a U.S. representative from Connecticut's 4th congressional district from 1943 to 1947, and as U.S. Ambassador to Italy from 1953 to 1956. She was married to Henry Luce, publisher of Time, Life, Fortune, and Sports Illustrated.

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William P. Murphy, American physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1892)

William Parry Murphy Sr. was an American physician who shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1934 with George Richards Minot and George Hoyt Whipple for their combined work in devising and treating macrocytic anemia.

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09/10/1985

Emílio Garrastazu Médici, Brazilian general and politician, 28th President of Brazil (born 1905)

Emílio Garrastazu Médici was a Brazilian military leader and dictator who was the 28th president of Brazil from 1969 to 1974. His authoritarian rule marked the apex of the Brazilian military regime.

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09/10/1982

Herbert Meinhard Mühlpfordt, German historian and physician (born 1893)

Herbert Meinhard Mühlpfordt was a German internist, art historian, and cultural historian.

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09/10/1978

Jacques Brel, Belgian singer-songwriter and actor (born 1929)

Jacques Romain Georges Brel was a Belgian singer and actor who composed and performed theatrical songs. He generated a large, devoted following—initially in Belgium and France, but later throughout the world. He is considered a master of the modern chanson.

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09/10/1976

Walter Warlimont, German general (born 1894)

Walter Warlimont was a German Army staff officer and general during World War II. He served as deputy chief of the Operations Staff, one of the departments in the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW), the Armed Forces High Command. Following the war, Warlimont was convicted in the High Command Trial and sentenced to life imprisonment as a war criminal. He was released in 1954.

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09/10/1975

Noon Meem Rashid, Pakistani poet (born 1910)

Nazar Muhammad Rashid, commonly known as Noon Meem Rashed or N.M. Rashed, was a Pakistani poet of modern Urdu poetry.

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09/10/1974

Oskar Schindler, Czech-German businessman (born 1908)

Oskar Schindler was a German industrialist and humanitarian who is credited with saving the lives of 1,200 Jews during the Holocaust by employing them in his enamelware and ammunitions factories in German-occupied Poland and the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. He is the subject of the 1982 novel Schindler's Ark and its 1993 film adaptation, Schindler's List.

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09/10/1972

Miriam Hopkins, American actress (born 1902)

Ellen Miriam Hopkins was an American actress known for her versatility. She signed with Paramount Pictures in 1930.

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09/10/1969

Don Hoak, American baseball player (born 1928)

Donald Albert Hoak, nicknamed "Tiger", was an American professional baseball third baseman and coach. He played eleven seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) (1954–1964) for the Brooklyn Dodgers, Chicago Cubs, Cincinnati Redlegs, Pittsburgh Pirates, and Philadelphia Phillies.

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09/10/1967

Che Guevara, Argentinian-Cuban physician, politician and guerrilla leader (born 1928)

Ernesto "Che" Guevara de la Serna was an Argentine Marxist revolutionary, author, guerrilla leader, diplomat, politician, and military theorist. A major figure of the Cuban Revolution, his stylized visage has become a countercultural symbol of rebellion and global insignia in popular culture.

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Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1897)

Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood was a British physical chemist and expert in chemical kinetics. His work in reaction mechanisms earned the 1956 Nobel Prize in chemistry.

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André Maurois, French soldier and author (born 1885)

André Maurois was a French author.

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Joseph Pilates, German-American fitness trainer, developed Pilates (born 1883)

Joseph Hubertus Pilates was a German physical trainer, writer, and inventor. He is credited with inventing and promoting the Pilates method of physical fitness. He patented a total of 26 apparatuses in his lifetime.

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09/10/1962

Milan Vidmar, Slovenian chess player and engineer (born 1885)

Milan Vidmar was a Slovenian electrical engineer, chess player, chess theorist, and writer. He was among the top dozen chess players in the world from 1910 to 1930 and in 1950, was among the inaugural recipients of the title International Grandmaster from FIDE. Vidmar was a specialist in power transformers and transmission of electric current.

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09/10/1959

Shirō Ishii, Japanese general and biologist (born 1892)

Surgeon General Shirō Ishii was a Japanese biological weapons specialist, microbiologist and army medical officer who served as the director of Unit 731, the largest biological warfare and chemical warfare unit of the Imperial Japanese Army.

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09/10/1958

Pope Pius XII (born 1876)

Pope Pius XII was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of Vatican City from 2 March 1939 until his death on 9 October 1958.

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John Boland, American politician (born 1884)

John Abram Boland Sr. was an American politician and businessman from South Dakota. He was an early supporter of Mount Rushmore and served as treasurer for its construction costs between 1929 and 1938. He served as mayor of Rapid City, South Dakota, between 1924 and 1925, and as a member of the South Dakota Senate between 1929 and 1936. Boland also owned a number of stores and businesses in the area and helped oversee South Dakota's financial support for World War I. He was inducted into the South Dakota Hall of Fame in 1978.

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09/10/1956

Marie Doro, American actress (born 1882)

Marie Doro was an American stage and film actress of the early silent film era.

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09/10/1955

Theodor Innitzer, Austrian cardinal (born 1875)

Theodor Innitzer was Archbishop of Vienna and a cardinal of the Catholic Church.

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09/10/1953

James Finlayson, Scottish-American actor (born 1887)

James Henderson Finlayson was a Scottish actor who worked in both silent and sound comedies. Balding, with a fake moustache, he had many trademark comic mannerisms—including his squinting, outraged double-take reactions, and his characteristic exclamation: "D'ooooooh!" He is the best remembered comic foil of Laurel and Hardy.

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09/10/1950

George Hainsworth, Canadian ice hockey player and politician (born 1895)

George Henry Hainsworth was a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender who played for the Montreal Canadiens and Toronto Maple Leafs in the National Hockey League, and the Saskatoon Crescents in the Western Canada Hockey League. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame.

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09/10/1947

Yukio Sakurauchi, Japanese businessman and politician, 27th Japanese Minister of Finance (born 1888)

Yukio Sakurauchi was an entrepreneur, politician and cabinet minister in the pre-war Empire of Japan. He was the father of prominent post-war politician Yoshio Sakurauchi, and grandfather of controversial politician Seiichi Ota.

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09/10/1946

Frank Castleman, American football player, baseball player, and coach (born 1877)

Frank Riley Castleman was an American football and baseball player, track athlete, and coach in multiple sports. He competed for the United States in the 200 metre hurdles at the 1904 Summer Olympics held in St. Louis, Missouri, where he won the silver medal. Castleman was a member of the Greater New York Irish American Athletic Association, which became the Irish American Athletic Club. He competed mainly in the 200 metre hurdles. Castleman graduated from Colgate University in 1906, where he competed in football, baseball, and track and field.

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09/10/1945

Gottlieb Hering, German captain (born 1887)

Gottlieb Hering was an SS commander of Nazi Germany. He served in Action T4 and later as the second and last commandant of Bełżec extermination camp during Operation Reinhard. Hering directly perpetrated the genocide of Jews and other peoples during The Holocaust.

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09/10/1944

Stefanina Moro, Italian partisan (born 1927)

Stefanina Moro was an Italian partisan during the occupation of her country by the forces of Nazi Germany. Serving as a courier, she was captured by Nazi forces. Tortured by them for information, she died from her injuries.

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09/10/1943

Pieter Zeeman, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1865)

Pieter Zeeman was a Dutch experimental physicist who shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics with Hendrik Lorentz for their discovery and theoretical explanation of the Zeeman effect.

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09/10/1941

Helen Morgan, American singer and actress (born 1900)

Helen Morgan was an American singer and actress who worked in films and on the stage. A quintessential torch singer, she made a big splash in the Chicago club scene in the 1920s. She starred as Julie LaVerne in the original Broadway production of Hammerstein and Kern's musical Show Boat in 1927, as well as in the 1932 Broadway revival of the musical, and appeared in two film adaptations, a part-talkie made in 1929 and a full-sound version made in 1936, becoming firmly associated with the role. She suffered from bouts of alcoholism, and despite her notable success in the title role of another Hammerstein and Kern's Broadway musical, Sweet Adeline (1929), her stage career was relatively short. Helen Morgan died of cirrhosis of the liver at the age of 41. She was portrayed by Polly Bergen in the Playhouse 90 drama The Helen Morgan Story and by Ann Blyth in the 1957 biopic based on the television drama.

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09/10/1940

Wilfred Grenfell, English-American physician and missionary (born 1865)

Sir Wilfred Thomason Grenfell was a British medical missionary to Newfoundland, who wrote books on his work and other topics.

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09/10/1937

Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse (born 1868)

Ernest Louis was the last Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, reigning from 1892 until 1918.

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09/10/1934

Alexander I of Yugoslavia, King of Yugoslavia also known as Alexander the Unifier (born 1888)

Alexander I Karađorđević, also known as Alexander the Unifier, was King of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes from 16 August 1921 to 3 October 1929 and King of Yugoslavia from 3 October 1929 until his assassination in 1934. His reign of 13 years is the longest of the three monarchs of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

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Louis Barthou, French union leader and politician, 78th Prime Minister of France (born 1862)

Jean Louis Barthou was a French politician of the Third Republic who served as Prime Minister of France for eight months in 1913. In social policy, his time as prime minister saw the introduction of allowances to families with children.

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09/10/1926

Evald Relander, Finnish teacher, agronomist and banker (born 1856)

Evald Kristian Relander was a Finnish teacher and banker who received the title of agricultural councillor (maanviljelysneuvos). His son was Lauri Kristian Relander, the second President of the Republic of Finland.

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09/10/1924

Valery Bryusov, Russian author, poet, and critic (born 1873)

Valery Yakovlevich Bryusov was a Russian poet, prose writer, dramatist, translator, critic and historian. He was one of the principal members of the Russian Symbolist movement.

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09/10/1911

Jack Daniel, American businessman, founded Jack Daniel's (born 1849)

Jasper Newton "Jack" Daniel was an American distiller and businessman, best known as the founder of the Jack Daniel's Tennessee whiskey distillery.

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09/10/1906

Henriette Wulfsberg, Norwegian school owner and writer (born 1843)

Henriette Wulfsberg was a Norwegian educator, writer and translator.

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09/10/1900

Heinrich von Herzogenberg, Austrian composer and conductor (born 1843)

Heinrich Picot de Peccaduc, Freiherr von Herzogenberg was an Austrian composer and conductor descended from a French aristocratic family.

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09/10/1897

Jan Heemskerk, Dutch lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (born 1818)

Jan Heemskerk Abrahamszoon was a Dutch politician who served as Chairman of the Council of Ministers from 1874 to 1877, and again from 1883 to 1888. His son, Theo Heemskerk also served as Chairman of the Council of Ministers.

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09/10/1873

George Ormerod, English historian and author (born 1785)

George Ormerod was an English antiquary and historian. Among his writings was a major county history of Cheshire, in North West England.

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09/10/1831

Ioannis Kapodistrias, Russian-Greek lawyer and politician, Governor of Greece (born 1776)

Count Ioannis Antoniou Kapodistrias, sometimes anglicized as John Capodistrias, was a Greek statesman who was one of the most distinguished politicians and diplomats of 19th-century Europe.

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09/10/1808

John Claiborne, American lawyer and politician (born 1777)

John Claiborne was a son of Thomas Claiborne (1749–1812) and brother of Thomas Claiborne (1780–1856). He was a representative from Virginia; born in Brunswick County, Virginia in 1778; pursued academic studies; graduated from the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia in 1798 and practiced; elected as a Democratic-Republican to the Ninth and Tenth Congresses and served from March 4, 1805, until his death in Brunswick County, Virginia, on October 9, 1808; interment in the family burying ground of Parson Jarratt, Dinwiddie, Virginia.

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09/10/1806

Benjamin Banneker, American astronomer and surveyor (born 1731)

Benjamin Banneker was an American naturalist, mathematician, astronomer and almanac author. A landowner, he also worked as a surveyor and farmer.

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09/10/1797

Vilna Gaon, Lithuanian rabbi and scholar (born 1720)

Elijah ben Solomon Zalman,, also known as the Vilna Gaon, was a Lithuanian Jewish talmudist, halakhist, kabbalist, and the foremost leader of misnagdic (non-hasidic) Jewry of the past few centuries.

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09/10/1793

Jean Joseph Marie Amiot, French missionary and linguist (born 1718)

Jean Joseph Marie Amiot was a French Jesuit priest who worked in Qing China, during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor.

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09/10/1729

Richard Blackmore, English physician and poet (born 1654)

Sir Richard Blackmore, English poet and physician, is remembered primarily as the object of satire and as an epic poet, but he was also a respected medical doctor and theologian.

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09/10/1691

William Sacheverell, English politician (born 1638)

William Sacheverell was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in two periods between 1670 and 1691.

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09/10/1619

Joseph Pardo, Italian rabbi and merchant (born 1561)

Joseph Pardo was an Italian rabbi and merchant. He was born in Thessaloniki, but went to Venice before 1589, where he served as rabbi to the Levantine community and also engaged in business. Later, he emigrated to the Netherlands and was appointed Hakham of the Bet Ya'akob congregation in Amsterdam founded by Jacob Tirado, holding office from 1597 until his death.

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09/10/1613

Henry Constable, English poet (born 1562)

Henry Constable was an English poet, known particularly for Diana, one of the first English sonnet sequences. In 1591 he converted to Catholicism, and lived in exile on the continent for some years. He returned to England at the accession of King James, but was soon a prisoner in the Tower and in the Fleet. He died an exile at Liège in 1613.

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09/10/1581

Louis Bertrand, Spanish missionary and saint (born 1526)

Louis Bertrand, OP was a Spanish Dominican friar who preached in South America during the 16th century, and is known as the "Apostle to the Americas". He is venerated as a saint by the Catholic Church.

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09/10/1569

Vladimir of Staritsa (born 1533)

Vladimir Andreyevich was the last appanage Russian prince. His complicated relationship with his cousin, Ivan the Terrible, was dramatized in Sergei Eisenstein's 1945 film Ivan the Terrible.

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09/10/1562

Gabriele Falloppio, Italian anatomist and physician (born 1523)

Gabriele Falloppio was an Italian Catholic priest and anatomist often known by his Latin name Fallopius. He was one of the most important anatomists and physicians of the sixteenth century, giving his name to the fallopian tube.

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09/10/1555

Justus Jonas, German academic and reformer (born 1493)

Justus Jonas, the Elder, or simply Justus Jonas, was a German Lutheran theologian and reformer. He was a Jurist, Professor and Hymn writer. He is best known for his translations of the writings of Martin Luther and Philipp Melanchthon. He accompanied Martin Luther in his final moments.

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09/10/1390

John I of Castile (born 1358)

John I was King of Castile and León from 1379 until 1390. He was the son of Henry II and Juana Manuel of Castile. John ascended to the throne in 1379, and in 1383, he married Beatrice, the daughter of King Ferdinand I of Portugal. When Ferdinand died that same year, John, aiming to enforce his claim on the Portuguese crown through his wife, brought the country into the 1383–1385 Crisis. His forces faced resistance from Portuguese factions supporting John of Aviz. The conflict culminated in the Battle of Aljubarrota in 1385, where John suffered a defeat, ensuring Portugal's independence.

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09/10/1296

Louis III, Duke of Bavaria (born 1269)

Louis III. was duke of Lower Bavaria from 1290 until 1296 as co-regent with his brothers Otto III and Stephen I.

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09/10/1273

Elisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Germany (born 1227)

Elisabeth of Bavaria was Queen of Germany and Jerusalem from 1246 to 1254 by her marriage to King Conrad IV of Germany.

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09/10/1253

Robert Grosseteste, English bishop and philosopher (born 1175)

Robert Grosseteste, also known as Robert Greathead or Robert of Lincoln, was an English statesman, scholastic philosopher, theologian, scientist and Bishop of Lincoln. He was born of humble parents in Suffolk, but the association with the village of Stradbroke is a post-medieval tradition. Upon his death, he was revered as a saint in England, but attempts to procure a formal canonisation failed. A. C. Crombie called him "the real founder of the tradition of scientific thought in medieval Oxford, and in some ways, of the modern English intellectual tradition". As a theologian, however, he contributed to increasing hostility to Jews and Judaism, and spread the accusation that Jews had purposefully suppressed prophetic knowledge of the coming of Christ, through his translation of the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs.

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09/10/1212

Philip I of Namur, Marquis of Namur (born 1175)

Philip I, called the Noble, was the margrave of Namur from 1195 until his death. He was the second son of Count Baldwin V of Hainault and Countess Margaret I of Flanders. His paternal grandmother was Alice of Namur.

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09/10/1047

Pope Clement II

Pope Clement II was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 25 December 1046 until his death in 1047.

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09/10/0892

Al-Tirmidhi, Persian scholar and hadith compiler (born 824)

Muhammad ibn Isa al-Tirmidhi, often referred to as Imām at-Termezī/Tirmidhī, was an Islamic scholar, and collector of hadith from Termez. He wrote al-Jami` as-Sahih, one of the six canonical hadith compilations in Sunni Islam. He also wrote Shama'il Muhammadiyah, a compilation of hadiths concerning the person and character of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad. At-Tirmidhi was also well versed in Arabic grammar, favoring the school of Kufa over Basra due to the former's preservation of Arabic poetry as a primary source.

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09/10/0680

Ghislain, Frankish anchorite and saint

Ghislain was a confessor and anchorite in Belgium. He died at the town named after him, Saint-Ghislain.

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