Died on Thursday, 11th September – Famous Deaths

11/09/2025

John D. Petersen, American chemist, educator, and academic administrator (born 1947)

John David Petersen was an American chemist, educator and academic administrator who was president of the University of Tennessee system.

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11/09/2024

Kenneth Cope, British actor (born 1931)

Kenneth Charles Cope was an English actor and scriptwriter. He was best known for his roles as Marty Hopkirk in Randall and Hopkirk (Deceased), Jed Stone in Coronation Street, Ray Hilton in Brookside, Sid in The Damned and as a minor member of the Carry On team.

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Alberto Fujimori, Peruvian politician, professor, and engineer, President of Peru (born 1938)

Alberto Kenya Fujimori Inomoto was a Peruvian politician, professor, and engineer who served as the president of Peru from 1990 to 2000. Born in Lima, Fujimori was the country's first president of Japanese descent, and was an agronomist and university rector prior to entering politics. Fujimori emerged as a politician during the midst of the internal conflict in Peru, the Peruvian Lost Decade, and the ensuing violence caused by the far-left guerrilla group Shining Path. Fujimori's role in the presidency was as a figurehead, with the head of the National Intelligence Service (SIN), Vladimiro Montesinos, being recognized as the power behind the throne. During his tenure, a series of military reforms were instituted and the Peruvian Armed Forces responded to the Shining Path with repressive and lethal force, halting the group's actions while also killing thousands of innocent civilians. He became known for his neoliberal political and economic ideology of Fujimorism, which pushed a free market economy and social conservatism. Fujimori's time in office was marked by severe authoritarian measures, excessive use of propaganda, entrenched political corruption, multiple cases of extrajudicial killings, and human rights violations.

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Chad McQueen, American actor and race car driver (born 1960)

Chadwick Steven McQueen was an American actor, film producer, martial artist, and race car driver. He was the only son and last living child of actor Steve McQueen (1930–1980).

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Joe Schmidt, American football player and coach (born 1932)

Joseph Paul Schmidt was an American professional football player and coach. He played as a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL) for the Detroit Lions for 13 years from 1953 to 1965. He won two NFL championships with the Lions, and, between 1954 and 1963, he played in ten consecutive Pro Bowl games and was selected each year as a first-team All-Pro player. He was also voted by his fellow NFL players as the NFL's most valuable defensive player in 1960 and 1963, named to the NFL 1950s All-Decade Team, inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1973 and chosen as a member of the NFL 100th Anniversary All-Time Team in 2019.

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11/09/2022

Javier Marías, Spanish novelist, journalist and translator (born 1951)

Javier Marías Franco was a Spanish author, translator, and columnist. Marías published fifteen novels, including A Heart So White, Tomorrow in the Battle Think on Me and the Your Face Tomorrow trilogy, widely regarded as his greatest achievement. In addition to his novels, he also published three collections of short stories and various essays. As one of Spain's most celebrated novelists, his books have been translated into forty-six languages and sold close to nine million copies internationally. He received several awards for his work, such as the Rómulo Gallegos Prize (1995), the International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award (1997), the International Nonino Prize (2011), and the Austrian State Prize for European Literature (2011).

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John W. O'Malley, American academic, Catholic historian, and Jesuit priest (born 1927)

John William O'Malley was an American academic, Catholic historian, and Jesuit priest. He was a University Professor at Georgetown University, housed in the Department of Theology and Religious Studies. O'Malley was a widely published expert on the religious history of Early Modern Europe, with specialities on the Council of Trent, the Second Vatican Council, and the First Vatican Council.

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Joyce Reynolds, British classicist and academic (born 1918)

Joyce Maire Reynolds was a British classicist and academic, specialising in Roman historical epigraphy. She was an honorary fellow of Newnham College, Cambridge. She dedicated her life to the study and teaching of Classics and was first woman to be awarded the Kenyon medal by the British Academy. Among Reynolds' most significant publications were texts from the city of Aphrodisias, including letters between Aphrodisian and Roman authorities.

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11/09/2021

Abimael Guzmán, Peruvian philosopher and academic (born 1934)

Manuel Rubén Abimael Guzmán Reinoso, also known by his nom de guerre Chairman Gonzalo, was a Peruvian Maoist revolutionary and guerrilla leader. He founded the organization Communist Party of Peru – Shining Path (PCP-SL) in 1969 and led a rebellion against the Peruvian government until his capture by authorities on 12 September 1992. He was then sentenced to life imprisonment for terrorism and treason.

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11/09/2020

Toots Hibbert, Jamaican singer and songwriter (born 1942)

Frederick Nathaniel "Toots" Hibbert, was a Jamaican singer and songwriter who was the lead vocalist for the reggae and ska band Toots and the Maytals. A reggae pioneer, he performed for six decades and helped establish some of the fundamentals of reggae music. Hibbert's 1968 song "Do the Reggay" is widely credited as the genesis of the genre name reggae. His band's album True Love won a Grammy Award in 2005.

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Swami Agnivesh, an Indian social activist and the founder of Arya Sabha, a political party based on the principles of Arya Samaj (born 1939)

Swami Agnivesh, was an Indian social activist and the founder of Arya Sabha, a political party based on the principles of Arya Samaj. He also served as a cabinet minister in the state of Haryana. He is best known for his work against bonded labour through the Bonded Labour Liberation Front, which he founded in 1981.

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11/09/2019

B. J. Habibie, 3rd President of Indonesia (born 1936)

Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie was an Indonesian statesman, engineer, scientist and inventor who served as the third president of Indonesia from 1998 to 1999. A little over two months after his inauguration as the seventh vice president in March 1998, he succeeded Suharto, who resigned after 32 years in office, thereby being the country's first vice president to assume the presidency intra-term. Originating from Sulawesi with Bugis-Gorontalese and Javanese ancestry, his presidency was seen as a landmark and transition to the Reform era.

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11/09/2016

Alexis Arquette, American actress, musician and cabaret performer (born 1969)

Alexis Arquette was an American actress and transgender activist.

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11/09/2014

Bob Crewe, American singer-songwriter and producer (born 1930)

Robert Stanley Crewe was an American singer, songwriter, record producer, dancer and manager, best known mainly for co-writing and producing a string of Top 10 singles with Bob Gaudio for the 1960s pop rock band The Four Seasons.

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Antoine Duhamel, French composer and conductor (born 1925)

Antoine Duhamel was a French composer, orchestra conductor and music teacher.

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Donald Sinden, English actor (born 1923)

Sir Donald Alfred Sinden was an English actor.

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11/09/2013

Francisco Chavez, Filipino lawyer and politician, Solicitor General of the Philippines (born 1947)

Francisco "Frank" Chavez was a Filipino lawyer. He was the Solicitor General of the Philippines during the Aquino administration.

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Albert Jacquard, French geneticist and biologist (born 1925)

Albert Jacquard was a French geneticist, popularizer of science and essayist.

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Andrzej Trybulec, Polish mathematician and computer scientist (born 1941)

Andrzej Wojciech Trybulec was a Polish mathematician and computer scientist noted for work on the Mizar system.

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11/09/2012

Finn Bergesen, Norwegian civil servant and businessman (born 1945)

Finn Bergesen was a Norwegian civil servant and businessperson.

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Tomas Evjen, Norwegian cinematographer and producer (born 1972)

Tomas Evjen was a Norwegian editor, media personality and film producer.

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J. Christopher Stevens, American lawyer and diplomat, 10th United States Ambassador to Libya (born 1960)

John Christopher Stevens was an American career diplomat and lawyer who served as the U.S. Ambassador to Libya from May 22, 2012, to September 11, 2012. Stevens was killed when the U.S. Special Mission in Benghazi, Libya, was attacked by members of Ansar al-Sharia on September 11–12, 2012., making Stevens the eighth and most recent U.S. Ambassador to be killed while in office.

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11/09/2011

Christian Bakkerud, Danish racing driver (born 1984)

Christian Bakkerud was a Danish racing driver, who competed in the 2007 and 2008 GP2 Series seasons, albeit hindered by a recurrent back injury. Prior to GP2 he competed in British Formula 3 and Formula BMW.

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Ralph Gubbins, English footballer (born 1932)

Ralph Grayham Gubbins was an English professional footballer who played as an inside forward. Gubbins made nearly 250 appearances in the Football League for three clubs between 1952 and 1964, before playing non-league football.

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Anjali Gupta, Indian soldier and pilot (born 1975)

Flying Officer Anjali Gupta was an Indian Air Force (IAF) officer who served in Air Force from 2001 to 2006. She was the first female officer in India and in the Air Force to be court martialled. She was working at the Aircraft Systems and Testing Establishment in Bangalore.

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Andy Whitfield, Welsh actor and model (born 1971)

Andrew Whitfield was a Welsh actor. He was best known for his leading role in the Starz television series Spartacus: Blood and Sand.

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11/09/2010

Harold Gould, American actor (born 1923)

Harold Vernon Goldstein, better known as Harold Gould, was an American character actor. He appeared as Martin Morgenstern on the sitcom Rhoda (1974–78) and Miles Webber on the sitcom The Golden Girls (1985–92). A five-time Emmy Award nominee, Gould acted in film and television for nearly 50 years, appearing in more than 300 television shows, 20 major motion pictures, and over 100 stage plays. He was known for playing elegant, well-dressed men, and he regularly played Jewish characters and grandfather-type figures on television and in film.

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Kevin McCarthy, American actor (born 1914)

Kevin McCarthy was an American stage, film and television actor, remembered as the male lead in the horror science fiction film Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1956).

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11/09/2009

Jim Carroll, American author, poet and musician (born 1949)

James Dennis Carroll was an American author, poet, and punk musician. Carroll was best known for his 1978 autobiographical work The Basketball Diaries, which inspired a 1995 film of the same title that starred Leonardo DiCaprio as Carroll, and his 1980 song "People Who Died" with the Jim Carroll Band.

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Pierre Cossette, Canadian producer and manager (born 1923)

Pierre Maurice Joseph Cossette was a television executive producer and Broadway producer. Cossette produced the first television broadcast of the Grammy Awards in 1971. He was one of the founders of Dunhill Records.

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Larry Gelbart, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1928)

Larry Simon Gelbart was an American television writer, playwright, screenwriter, director and author, most famous as a creator and producer of the television series M*A*S*H, and as co-writer of the Broadway musicals A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum and City of Angels.

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Yoshito Usui, Japanese author and illustrator (born 1958)

Yoshito Usui was a Japanese manga artist known for the popular Crayon Shin-chan series. He was born in Shizuoka City, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan.

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11/09/2007

Ian Porterfield, Scottish footballer and manager (born 1946)

John Ian Porterfield was a Scottish professional footballer, and an experienced football coach who worked at both club and international level for almost 30 years. At the time of his death, he was the coach of the Armenia national football team.

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Gene Savoy, American explorer, theologian, and author (born 1927)

Douglas Eugene "Gene" Savoy was an American explorer, author, religious leader, and theologian. He served as Head Bishop of the International Community of Christ, Church of the Second Advent from 1971 until his death. Rising to prominence as one of the premier explorers of Peru in the 1960s, he is best known for his claims to have discovered more than 40 lost cities in Peru and is credited with bringing to light a number of Peru’s most important archeological sites, including Vilcabamba, the last refuge of the Incas during the Spanish conquest, and Gran Pajaten, which he named but did not discover.

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Jean Séguy, French sociologist and author (born 1925)

Jean Séguy was a French sociologist of religions. He was particularly interested in cults, religious conflicts and Christianity. He was also member of the École des hautes études en sciences sociales. He served as editor-in-chief of the journal Archives de sciences sociales des religions between 1980 and 1988.

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Joe Zawinul, Austrian keyboard player and songwriter (born 1932)

Josef Erich Zawinul was an Austrian jazz and jazz fusion keyboardist and composer. First coming to prominence with saxophonist Cannonball Adderley, Zawinul went on to play with Miles Davis and to become one of the creators of jazz fusion, a musical genre that combined jazz with rock. He co-founded the groups Weather Report and The Zawinul Syndicate. He pioneered the use of electric piano and synthesizer, and was named "Best Electric Keyboardist" twenty-eight times by the readers of DownBeat magazine.

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11/09/2006

William Auld, Scottish poet and author (born 1924)

William Auld was a British poet, author, translator and magazine editor who wrote chiefly in Esperanto.

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Joachim Fest, German journalist and author (born 1926)

Joachim Clemens Fest was a German historian, journalist, critic and editor who was best known for his writings and public commentary on Nazi Germany, including a biography of Adolf Hitler and books about Albert Speer and German resistance to Nazism. He was a leading figure in the debate among German historians about the Nazi era.

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11/09/2004

Fred Ebb, American songwriter (born 1928)

Fred Ebb was an American musical theatre lyricist who had many successful collaborations with composer John Kander. The Kander and Ebb team frequently wrote for such performers as Liza Minnelli and Chita Rivera.

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David Mann, American painter and illustrator (born 1939)

David Mann was a California graphic artist whose paintings celebrated biker culture, and choppers. Called "the biker world's artist-in-residence," his images are ubiquitous in biker clubhouses and garages, on motorcycle gas tanks, tattoos, and on T-shirts and other memorabilia associated with biker culture. Choppers have been built based on the bikes first imagined in a David Mann painting.

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Patriarch Peter VII of Alexandria (born 1949)

Peter VII was the Greek Orthodox Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria and all Africa from 1997 to 2004. During his reign, Petros VII was credited with reviving the Greek Orthodox churches in Africa by increasing the churches' attendance of about 250,000 people.

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11/09/2003

Anna Lindh, Swedish politician, 39th Minister of Foreign Affairs for Sweden (born 1957)

Ylva Anna Maria Lindh was a Swedish politician, diplomat, and lawyer who served as Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1998 until her assassination in 2003. A leading figure of the Swedish Social Democratic Party, Lindh was a Member of the Riksdag representing Södermanland County from 1982 to 1985 and again from 1998 to 2003.

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John Ritter, American actor (born 1948)

Johnathan Southworth Ritter was an American actor. He was a son of the singing cowboy star Tex Ritter and the father of actors Jason and Tyler Ritter. He played Jack Tripper on the popular ABC sitcom Three's Company (1977–1984), and received a Primetime Emmy Award and a Golden Globe Award for the role in 1984. Ritter briefly reprised the role on the spin-off Three's a Crowd, which aired for one season, producing 22 episodes before its cancellation in 1985.

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11/09/2002

Kim Hunter, American actress (born 1922)

Kim Hunter was an American theatre, film, and television actress. She achieved prominence for portraying Stella Kowalski in the original production of Tennessee Williams' A Streetcar Named Desire, which she reprised for the 1951 film adaptation, and won both an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress.

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Johnny Unitas, American football player and sportscaster (born 1933)

John Constantine Unitas was an American professional football quarterback who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 18 seasons, primarily with the Baltimore Colts. Nicknamed "Johnny U." and "the Golden Arm", Unitas was considered the prototype of the modern era marquee quarterback and is regarded as one of the greatest NFL players of all time.

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David Wisniewski, American author and illustrator (born 1953)

David R. Wisniewski, was an American writer and illustrator best known for children's books.

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11/09/2001

Alice Stewart Trillin, American author and educator (born 1938)

Alice Stewart Trillin was an American educator, author, film producer and longtime muse to her husband, author Calvin Trillin. Diagnosed with lung cancer in the 1970s, she wrote about her experience and became known for her work with cancer patients. Alice Trillin is a recurring subject in Calvin Trillin's writings, including his 2006 book titled About Alice. She ultimately died from heart failure related to the radiation therapy that her cancer was treated with.

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Casualties of the September 11 attacks: see Category:Victims of the September 11 attacks

The September 11 attacks were the deadliest terrorist attacks in human history, causing the deaths of 2,996 people, including 19 hijackers who committed murder–suicide and 2,977 victims. Thousands more were injured, and long-term health effects have arisen as a consequence of the attacks. New York City took the brunt of the death toll when the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center complex in Lower Manhattan were attacked, with an estimated 1,700 victims from the North Tower and around a thousand from the South Tower. 200 mi (320 km) southwest in Arlington County, Virginia, another 125 were killed in the Pentagon. The remaining 265 fatalities included the 92 passengers and crew of American Airlines Flight 11, the 65 aboard United Airlines Flight 175, the 64 aboard American Airlines Flight 77 and the 44 aboard United Airlines Flight 93. The attack on the World Trade Center's North Tower alone made the September 11 attacks the deadliest act of terrorism in human history.

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11/09/1999

Belkis Ayón, Cuban painter and lithographer (born 1967)

Belkis Ayón was a Cuban printmaker who specialized in the technique of collography. Ayón created large, highly detailed allegorical collagraphs based on Abakuá, a secret, all-male Afro-Cuban society. Her work is often in black and white, consisting of ghost-white figures with oblong heads and empty, almond-shaped eyes, set against dark, patterned backgrounds.

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Gonzalo Rodríguez, Uruguayan racing driver (born 1972)

Gonzalo "Gonchi" Rodríguez Bongoll was a Uruguayan racing driver. He was killed in a crash at Laguna Seca Raceway during practice for the 1999 Honda Grand Prix of Monterey CART race which would have been his second start in the series.

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11/09/1998

Dane Clark, American actor (born 1912)

Dane Clark was an American character actor who was known for playing, as he labeled himself, "Joe Average."

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11/09/1997

Camille Henry, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (born 1933)

Joseph Wilfred Camille "The Eel" Henry was a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger/centre who played for the New York Rangers, Chicago Black Hawks, and St. Louis Blues in the National Hockey League.

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Hannah Weiner, American poet (born 1928)

Hannah Adelle Weiner was an American poet who is often grouped with the Language poets because of the prominent place she assumed in the poetics of that group.

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11/09/1995

Anita Harding, English neurologist and academic (born 1952)

Anita Elizabeth Harding was an Irish-British neurologist, and Professor of Clinical Neurology at the Institute of Neurology of the University of London. She is known for the discovery with Ian Holt and John Morgan-Hughes of the "first identification of a mitochondrial DNA mutation in human disease and the concept of tissue heteroplasmy of mutant mitochondrial DNA", published in Nature in 1986. In 1985 she established the first neurogenetics research group in the United Kingdom at the UCL Institute of Neurology.

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11/09/1994

Luciano Sgrizzi, Italian harpsichordist, pianist, and composer (born 1910)

Luciano Sgrizzi was an Italian harpsichordist, organist, pianist and composer.

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Jessica Tandy, English-American actress (born 1909)

Jessie Alice Tandy, known professionally as Jessica Tandy, was an English and American actress. She appeared in over 100 stage productions and had more than 60 roles in film and TV, receiving an Academy Award, four Tony Awards, a BAFTA Award, a Golden Globe Award, and a Primetime Emmy Award. Tandy is one of few performers to achieve Triple Crown of Acting status.

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11/09/1993

Antoine Izméry, Haitian businessman and activist

Antoine Izméry was a Haitian businessman and pro-democracy activist.

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Erich Leinsdorf, Austrian-American conductor (born 1912)

Erich Leinsdorf was an Austrian-born American conductor. He performed and recorded with leading orchestras and opera companies throughout the United States and Europe, earning a reputation for exacting standards as well as an acerbic personality. He also published books and essays on musical matters.

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Mary Jane Reoch, American cyclist (born 1945)

Mary Jane Reoch was an American cyclist. She won 11 national championships during her cycling career and afterwards worked as a cycling coach. She was killed in a road accident while training a client in 1993. She was posthumously inducted into the United States Bicycling Hall of Fame in 1994.

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11/09/1991

Ernst Herbeck, Austrian-German poet (born 1920)

Ernst Herbeck was an Austrian poet. In 1940, at the age of 20, Herbeck was committed to the national mental hospital in Lower Austria (Niederösterreich) where he spent almost his entire life, writing thousands of poems, until his death on 11 September 1991.

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11/09/1990

Myrna Mack, Guatemalan anthropologist and activist (born 1949)

Myrna Mack Chang was a Guatemalan anthropologist. In 1990, she was stabbed to death by elements in the Guatemalan military due to her criticism of the Guatemala government's treatment of the indigenous Maya, and human rights abuses against the people in general.

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11/09/1988

Roger Hargreaves, English author and illustrator (born 1935)

Charles Roger Hargreaves was an English cartoonist, illustrator and writer of children's books. He created the Mr. Men series, Little Miss series and Timbuctoo series, intended for young readers. The simple and humorous stories, with bold, brightly coloured illustrations, have sales of more than 85 million copies worldwide in 20 languages.

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11/09/1987

Lorne Greene, Canadian actor (born 1915)

Lorne Hyman Greene was a Canadian actor, singer, and radio personality. His notable television roles include Ben Cartwright on the Western Bonanza and Commander Adama in the original science-fiction television series Battlestar Galactica and Galactica 1980. He also worked on the Canadian television nature documentary series Lorne Greene's New Wilderness and in television commercials.

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Peter Tosh, Jamaican singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1944)

Peter Tosh was a Jamaican musician and reggae singer. Along with Bob Marley and Bunny Wailer, he was one of the core members of the band the Wailers (1963–1976), after which he established himself as a successful solo artist and a promoter of Rastafari. He was murdered in 1987 during a home invasion.

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Mahadevi Varma, Indian poet and educator (born 1907)

Mahadevi Varma was an Indian Hindi-language poetess, essayist, and short-story writer. Some literary scholars regard Varma as one of the four known figures of the Chhayavad movement in Hindi literature.

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11/09/1986

Panagiotis Kanellopoulos, Greek academic and politician, 138th Prime Minister of Greece (born 1902)

Panagiotis Kanellopoulos or Panayotis Kanellopoulos was a Greek writer, politician and Prime Minister of Greece. He was the Prime Minister of Greece deposed by the Greek military junta of 1967–1974.

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Noel Streatfeild, English author (born 1895)

Mary Noel Streatfeild OBE was an English author, best known for children's books including the "Shoes" books, which were not a series. Random House, the U.S. publisher of the 1936 novel Ballet Shoes (1936), published some of Streatfeild's subsequent children's books using the word "Shoes" in their titles, to capitalise on the popularity of Ballet Shoes; thus Circus Shoes, Party Shoes, Skating Shoes and many more. She won the third annual Carnegie Medal for The Circus Is Coming.

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11/09/1985

William Alwyn, English composer, conductor, and educator (born 1905)

William Alwyn, was an English composer, conductor, and music teacher who composed over 200 cinematic scores, of which some 70 were for full-length features, as well as number of operas, concertos and symphonies.

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Henrietta Barnett, British Women's Royal Air Force officer (born 1905)

Air Commandant Dame Mary Henrietta Barnett was a senior officer of the Women's Royal Air Force (WRAF). From 1956 to 1960, she served as its director.

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Eleanor Dark, Australian author (born 1901)

Eleanor Dark AO was an Australian writer whose novels included Prelude to Christopher (1934) and Return to Coolami (1936), both winners of the Australian Literature Society Gold Medal for literature, and her best known work The Timeless Land (1941).

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11/09/1984

Jerry Voorhis, American politician (born 1901)

Horace Jeremiah "Jerry" Voorhis was an American politician and educator who served five terms in the United States House of Representatives representing California from 1937 to 1947. A member of the Democratic Party, he represented the 12th congressional district in Los Angeles County. He was the first political opponent of Richard M. Nixon, who defeated Voorhis for re-election in 1946 in a campaign cited as the first example of Nixon's use of red-baiting tactics during his political rise.

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11/09/1983

Brian Lawrance, Australian bandleader and singer (born 1909)

Brian Vinrace Lawrance was an Australian singer and violinist who led his own British dance band in the 1930s. Known for regular broadcasts with Fred Hartley and his Quintet, Lawrance was considered one of the leading dance band vocalists, and drew a large radio audience. Lawrance arrived in Britain in 1927, and returned to Australia in 1940, where he continued his career.

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11/09/1982

Albert Soboul, French historian and academic (born 1914)

Albert Marius Soboul was a historian of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic periods. A professor at the Sorbonne, he was chair of the History of the French Revolution and author of numerous influential works of history and historical interpretation. In his lifetime, he was internationally recognized as the foremost French authority on the Revolutionary era.

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11/09/1978

Mike Gazella, American baseball player and manager (born 1895)

Michael Gazella was an American Major League Baseball player who played for the New York Yankees on several championship teams in the 1920s.

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Georgi Markov, Bulgarian author and playwright (born 1929)

Georgi Ivanov Markov was a Bulgarian dissident writer. He worked as a novelist, screenwriter and playwright in his native country, the People's Republic of Bulgaria, until his defection in 1969. After relocating to London, he worked as a broadcaster and journalist for the BBC World Service, the Radio Free Europe and West Germany's Deutsche Welle. Markov used such forums to conduct a campaign of sarcastic criticism against the incumbent Bulgarian-Soviet regime.

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Janet Parker, English photographer (born 1938)

In 1978, a smallpox outbreak in the United Kingdom led to the death of Janet Parker, a British medical photographer. She was the last person recorded to have died from this disease. Parker's illness and death were linked to two additional fatalities, prompting the government to establish the Shooter Inquiry. This official investigation, conducted by a panel of experts headed by microbiologist R.A. Shooter, led to significant reforms in the study of dangerous pathogens in the UK.

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Ronnie Peterson, Swedish racing driver (born 1944)

Bengt Ronnie Peterson was a Swedish racing driver, who competed in Formula One from 1970 to 1978. Nicknamed "Superswede", Peterson twice finished runner-up in the Formula One World Drivers' Championship in 1971 and 1978, and won 10 Grands Prix across nine seasons.

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11/09/1974

Lois Lenski, American author and illustrator (born 1893)

Lois Lenore Lenski Covey was a Newbery Medal-winning author and illustrator of picture books and children's literature. Beginning in 1927 with her first books, Skipping Village and Jack Horner's Pie: A Book of Nursery Rhymes, Lenski published 98 books, including several posthumously. Her work includes children's picture books and illustrated chapter books, songbooks, poetry, short stories, her 1972 autobiography, Journey into Childhood, and essays about books and children's literature. Her best-known bodies of work include the "Mr. Small" series of picture books (1934–62); her "Historical" series of novels, including the Newbery Honor-winning titles Phebe Fairchild: Her Book (1936) and Indian Captive: The Story of Mary Jemison (1941); and her "Regional" series, including Newbery Medal-winning Strawberry Girl (1945) and Children's Book Award-winning Judy's Journey (1947).

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11/09/1973

Salvador Allende, Chilean physician and politician, 29th President of Chile (born 1908)

Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens was a Chilean socialist politician who served as the 29th president of Chile from 1970 until his death in 1973. As a socialist committed to democracy, he has been described as the first Marxist to be elected president in a liberal democracy in Latin America.

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Neem Karoli Baba, Indian philosopher and guru

Neem Karoli Baba or Neeb Karori Baba, also known to his followers as Maharaj-ji, was a Hindu guru and a devotee of the Hindu deity Hanuman.

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11/09/1971

Nikita Khrushchev, Russian general and politician (born 1894)

Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev was the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964 and the Chairman of the Council of Ministers from 1958 to 1964. As leader of the Soviet Union, he stunned the world by denouncing his predecessor Joseph Stalin, embarking on a campaign of de-Stalinization, and presiding over the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962.

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11/09/1968

René Cogny, French general (born 1904)

René Cogny was a French Général de corps d'armée, World War II and French Resistance veteran and survivor of Buchenwald and Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camps. He was a commander of the French forces in Tonkin during the First Indochina War, and notably during the Battle of Dien Bien Phu. His post-war private and legal conflict with superior General Henri Navarre became a public controversy. Known to his men as Le General Vitesse, and reputable for his military pomp, physical presence and skill with the press, Cogny was killed in the 1968 Ajaccio-Nice Caravelle crash in the Mediterranean near Nice.

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11/09/1967

Tadeusz Żyliński, Polish engineer and academic (born 1904)

Tadeusz Żyliński was a Polish technician, textilist and mechanical engineer. He was a professor of Technical University of Łódź, creator of Polish school of textile metrology. Author of Metrologia włókiennicza and Nauka o włóknie.

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11/09/1966

Collett E. Woolman, American businessman, co-founded Delta Air Lines (born 1889)

Collett Everman Woolman, commonly known as "C.E.", was an American airline entrepreneur best known as the principal founder and first CEO of Delta Air Lines.

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11/09/1965

Ralph C. Smedley, American educator, founded Toastmasters International (born 1878)

Ralph Chesnut Smedley was the founder of Toastmasters International, an international public speaking organization. He spent 60 years developing the Toastmasters concept from a series of unsuccessful local clubs to the successful organization that flourishes today. He was also a long time official with the YMCA and a pioneer of adult education and lifelong learning.

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11/09/1964

Gajanan Madhav Muktibodh, Indian poet and critic (born 1917)

Gajanan Madhav Muktibodh was a prominent Hindi poet, essayist, literary and political critic, and fiction writer of the 20th century.

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11/09/1959

Paul Douglas, American actor (born 1907)

Paul Douglas Fleischer, known professionally as Paul Douglas, was an American actor.

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11/09/1958

Camillien Houde, Canadian politician, 34th Mayor of Montreal (born 1889)

Camillien Houde was a Quebec politician, a Member of Parliament, and a four-time mayor of Montreal. He is of the few Canadian politicians to have served at all three levels of government. During World War II, Houde was interned under the War Measures Act for campaigning against conscription.

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Robert W. Service, English-French poet and author (born 1874)

Robert William Service was an English-born Canadian poet and writer, often called “The Bard of the Yukon" and "The Canadian Kipling". Born in Lancashire of Scottish descent, he was a bank clerk by trade, but spent long periods travelling in the west in the United States and Canada, often in poverty. When his bank sent him to the Yukon, he was inspired by tales of the Klondike Gold Rush, and wrote two poems, "The Shooting of Dan McGrew" and "The Cremation of Sam McGee", which showed remarkable authenticity from an author with no experience of the gold rush or mining, and enjoyed immediate popularity. Encouraged by this, he quickly wrote more poems on the same theme, which were published as Songs of a Sourdough, and achieved a massive sale. When his next collection, Ballads of a Cheechako, proved equally successful, Service could afford to travel widely and live a leisurely life, basing himself in Paris and the French Riviera.

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11/09/1957

Mary Proctor, American astronomer (born 1862)

Mary Proctor was a British-American popularizer of astronomy. While not a professional astronomer, Proctor became well known for her books and articles written for the public – particularly her children's fiction.

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11/09/1956

Billy Bishop, Canadian colonel and pilot (born 1894)

Air Marshal William Avery Bishop, was a Canadian flying ace of the First World War. He was officially credited with 72 victories, making him the top Canadian and British Empire ace of the war, and also received a Victoria Cross. During the Second World War, Bishop was instrumental in setting up and promoting the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan.

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11/09/1950

Jan Smuts, South African field marshal and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of South Africa (born 1870)

Field Marshal Jan Christian Smuts, was a South African statesman, military officer and philosopher. In addition to holding various military and cabinet posts, he served as Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa from 1919 to 1924 and 1939 to 1948.

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11/09/1949

Henri Rabaud, French composer and conductor (born 1873)

Henri Benjamin Rabaud was a French conductor, composer and teacher, who held important posts in the French musical establishment and upheld mainly conservative trends in French music in the first half of the twentieth century.

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11/09/1948

Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Pakistani lawyer and politician, 1st Governor-General of Pakistan (born 1876)

Muhammad Ali Jinnah was a barrister, politician, and the founder of Pakistan. Jinnah served as the leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913 until the inception of Pakistan on 14 August 1947 and then as Pakistan's first governor-general until his death a year later in 1948.

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11/09/1941

Christian Rakovsky, Bulgarian physician, journalist, and politician, Soviet Ambassador to France (born 1873)

Christian Georgiyevich Rakovsky, Bulgarian name Krastyo Georgiev Rakovski, born Krastyo Georgiev Stanchov, was a Bulgarian-born socialist revolutionary, a Bolshevik politician and Soviet diplomat and statesman; he was also noted as a journalist, physician, and essayist. Rakovsky's political career took him throughout the Balkans and into France and Imperial Russia; for part of his life, he was also a Romanian citizen.

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Aleksandra Izmailovich, Belarusian revolutionary (born 1878)

Aleksandra Adolfovna Izmailovich was a Belarusian socialist revolutionary. From a noble family, she joined the Socialist Revolutionary Party (PSR) while studying in Saint Petersburg. She used her family home in Minsk to host PSR meetings, during which they plotted attacks against Russian Imperial government officials. Izmailovich herself attempted to assassinate the governor of Minsk Pavel Kurlov, who was responsible for pogroms in the city, but her shots failed to hit him. In prison, she found out that her sister Katerina Izmailovich had died attempting to assassinate the Russian naval commander Grigoriy Chukhnin.

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Maria Spiridonova, Russian revolutionary (born 1884)

Maria Alexandrovna Spiridonova was a Narodnik-inspired Russian revolutionary. In 1906, as a novice member of a local combat group of the Tambov Socialists-Revolutionaries (SRs), she assassinated Gavriil Luzhenovsky, a Tsarist security official. Her subsequent abuse by police earned her enormous popularity with the opponents of Tsarism throughout the empire and even abroad.

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11/09/1939

Konstantin Korovin, Russian-French painter and set designer (born 1861)

Konstantin (Constantin) Alekseyevich Korovin was a leading Russian Impressionist painter.

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11/09/1935

Charles Norris, American coroner (born 1867)

Charles Norris was New York's first appointed chief medical examiner (1918–1935) and pioneer of forensic toxicology in America.

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11/09/1932

Stanisław Wigura, Polish pilot and businessman, co-founded the RWD Company (born 1901)

Stanisław Wigura was a Polish aircraft designer and aviator, co-founder of the RWD aircraft construction team and lecturer at the Warsaw University of Technology. Along with Franciszek Żwirko, he won the international air contest Challenge 1932.

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Franciszek Żwirko, Polish soldier and pilot (born 1895)

Franciszek Żwirko [english pronunciation like: frantsishek zhvirko] was a prominent Polish sport and military aviator. Along with Stanisław Wigura, he won the international air contest Challenge 1932.

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11/09/1926

Matsunosuke Onoe, Japanese actor and director (born 1875)

Matsunosuke Onoe , sometimes known as Medama no Matchan , was a Japanese actor. His birth name is Tsuruzo Nakamura. He is sometimes credited as Yukio Koki, Tamijaku Onoe, or Tsunusaburo Onoe, and as a kabuki artist he went by the name Tsurusaburo Onoe. He gained great popularity, appearing in over 1,000 films, and has been called the first superstar of Japanese cinema.

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11/09/1921

Subramania Bharati, Indian journalist, poet, and activist (born 1882)

Subramania Bharati was an Indian writer, poet, composer, journalist, teacher, Indian independence activist, social reformer and polyglot. He was bestowed the title Bharati for his poetry and was a pioneer of modern Tamil poetry. He is popularly known by his title Bharati or Bharatiyar and also by the other title "Mahakavi Bharati". His works included patriotic songs composed during the Indian Independence movement. He fought for the emancipation of women, and advocated reforms of the society and religion.

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11/09/1919

Quianu Robinson, New Mexican Congressman and political ally of Conrad Hilton (born 1852)

Quianu Robinson (1852–1919) was a New Mexican politician who served as a Republican member of the New Mexico House of Representatives representing the second district of New Mexico from 1916 to 1918.

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11/09/1917

Georges Guynemer, French captain and pilot (born 1894)

Georges Marie Lodovic Jules Guynemer was the second highest-scoring French fighter ace with 54 victories during World War I, and a French national hero at the time of his death. Guynemer's death was a profound shock to France.

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11/09/1915

William Sprague IV, American businessman and politician, 27th Governor of Rhode Island (born 1830)

William Sprague IV was the 27th Governor of Rhode Island from 1860 to 1863, and U.S. Senator from 1863 to 1875. He participated in the First Battle of Bull Run during the American Civil War while he was a sitting Governor.

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11/09/1911

Louis Henri Boussenard, French explorer and author (born 1847)

Louis Henri Boussenard was a French author of adventure novels, dubbed "the French Rider Haggard" during his lifetime, but known better presently in Eastern Europe than in Francophone countries. As a measure of his popularity, 40 volumes of his collected works were published in Imperial Russia during 1911.

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11/09/1898

Nikoline Harbitz, Norwegian author (born 1841)

Nikoline Anette Harbitz was a Norwegian author.

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11/09/1896

Francis James Child, American scholar and educator (born 1825)

Francis James Child was an American scholar, educator, and folklorist, best known today for his collection of English and Scottish ballads now known as the Child Ballads. Child was Boylston Professor of Rhetoric and Oratory at Harvard University, where he produced influential editions of English poetry. In 1876 he was named Harvard's first Professor of English, a position which allowed him to focus on academic research. It was during this time that he began work on the Child Ballads.

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11/09/1888

Domingo Faustino Sarmiento, Argentinian journalist and politician, 7th President of Argentina (born 1811)

Domingo Faustino Sarmiento was President of Argentina from 1868 to 1874. He was a member of a group of intellectuals, known as the Generation of 1837, who had a great influence on 19th-century Argentina.

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11/09/1865

Christophe Léon Louis Juchault de Lamoricière, French general (born 1806)

Christophe Léon Louis Juchault de Lamoricière was a 19th-century French general.

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11/09/1851

Sylvester Graham, American minister and dietary reformer, namesake of the graham cracker (born 1794)

Sylvester Graham was an American Presbyterian minister and dietary reformer. He was known for his emphasis on vegetarianism, the temperance movement, and eating whole-grain bread. His preaching inspired the graham flour, graham bread, and graham cracker products. Graham is often referred to as the "Father of Vegetarianism" in the United States of America. Graham's lectures caused riots on multiple occasions.

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11/09/1846

José Núñez de Cáceres, Dominican politician and writer, leader of the Independence movement of the Dominican Republic (born 1772)

José Núñez de Cáceres y Albor was a Dominican revolutionary and writer. Known for being the leader of the first Dominican independence movement against Spain in 1821, his actions preceded the Dominican War of Independence.

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11/09/1843

Joseph Nicollet, French mathematician and explorer (born 1786)

Joseph Nicolas Nicollet, also known as Jean-Nicolas Nicollet, was a French geographer, astronomer, and mathematician known for mapping the Upper Mississippi River basin during the 1830s. Nicollet led three expeditions in the region between the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers, primarily in Minnesota, South Dakota, and North Dakota.

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11/09/1823

David Ricardo, English economist and politician (born 1772)

David Ricardo was a British economist and politician. He is recognized as one of the most influential classical economists, alongside figures such as Thomas Malthus, Adam Smith and James Mill.

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11/09/1760

Louis Godin, French astronomer and academic (born 1704)

Louis Godin was a French astronomer and member of the French Academy of Sciences. He worked in Peru, Spain, Portugal and France.

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11/09/1733

François Couperin, French organist and composer (born 1668)

François Couperin was a French Baroque composer, organist and harpsichordist. He was known as Couperin le Grand to distinguish him from other members of the musically talented Couperin family.

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11/09/1721

Rudolf Jakob Camerarius, German botanist and physician (born 1665)

Rudolf Jakob Camerarius or Camerer was a German botanist and physician.

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11/09/1680

Emperor Go-Mizunoo of Japan (born 1596)

Kotohito (Japanese: 政仁; IPA: [ko̞to̞çito̞]; 29 June 1596 – 11 September 1680, posthumously honored as Emperor Go-Mizunoo , was the 108th Emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. Go-Mizunoo's reign spanned the years from 1611 through 1629, and he was the first emperor to reign entirely during the Edo period.

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11/09/1677

James Harrington, English philosopher and author (born 1611)

James Harrington was an English political theorist known for his contributions to classical republican thought. He is best known for The Commonwealth of Oceana (1656), an exposition of an ideal republican constitution conceived as a constitutional model for the English republic that had emerged following the execution of Charles I of England in 1649.

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11/09/1599

Beatrice Cenci, Italian noblewoman (born 1577)

Beatrice Cenci was an Italian noblewoman imprisoned and repeatedly raped by her own father. She killed him, and was tried for murder. Despite outpourings of public sympathy, Cenci was beheaded in 1599 after a murder trial in Rome that gave rise to an enduring legend.

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11/09/1569

Vincenza Armani, Italian actress (born 1530)

Vincenza Armani, was an Italian actress, singer, poet, musician, lace maker and sculptor. She was one of the most famous Italian actresses of the period and known as the 'Divine Vincenza Armani'. She and Barbara Flaminia were the two most known actresses of their time and described as great rivals. Being one of the two first well-documented actresses in Italy, which was the only country where actresses existed at the time, she belonged to the first actresses in modern Europe.

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11/09/1349

Bonne of Luxembourg, spouse of John II of France (born 1315)

Bonne of Luxemburg or Jutta of Luxemburg, was born Jutta (Judith), the second daughter of King John of Bohemia, and his first wife, Elisabeth of Bohemia. She was the first wife of King John II of France; however, as she died a year prior to his accession, she was never a French queen. Jutta was referred to in French historiography as Bonne de Luxembourg, since she was a member of the House of Luxembourg. Among her children were Charles V of France, Philip II, Duke of Burgundy, and Joan, Queen of Navarre.

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11/09/1298

Philip of Artois, Lord of Conches, Nonancourt, and Domfront (born 1269)

Philip of Artois, Lord of Conches, Nonancourt, and Domfront, was the son of Robert II, Count of Artois, and Amicie de Courtenay, daughter of Peter, Lord of Conches and Mehun.

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11/09/1297

Hugh de Cressingham, English Treasurer

Sir Hugh de Cressingham was the treasurer of the English administration in Scotland from 1296 to 1297. He was an adviser to John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey at the Battle of Stirling Bridge. He suggested a full-scale attack across the bridge, which cost the English the battle and led to his death.

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11/09/1279

Robert Kilwardby, English cardinal (born 1215)

Robert Kilwardby OP was an Archbishop of Canterbury in England and a cardinal. Kilwardby was the first member of a mendicant order to attain a high ecclesiastical office in the English Church.

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11/09/1185

Stephen Hagiochristophorites, Byzantine courtier (born 1130)

Stephen Hagiochristophorites was the most powerful member of the court of Byzantine emperor Andronikos I Komnenos. He was killed while trying to arrest Isaac II Angelos, who subsequently deposed and replaced Andronikos.

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11/09/1161

Melisende, Queen of Jerusalem (born 1105)

Melisende was the queen of Jerusalem from 1131 to 1152. She was the first female ruler of the Kingdom of Jerusalem and the first woman to hold a public office in the crusader kingdom. Her fame grew in her lifetime for her generous support of the various Christian communities in her kingdom. Contemporary chronicler William of Tyre praised her wisdom and abilities, while modern historians differ in their assessment.

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11/09/1063

Béla I of Hungary (born 1016)

Béla I the Boxer or the Wisent was King of Hungary from 1060 until his death. He descended from a younger branch of the Árpád dynasty. Béla's baptismal name was Adalbert. He left Hungary in 1031, together with his brothers, Levente and Andrew, after the execution of their father, Vazul. Béla settled in Poland and married Richeza, daughter of Polish king Mieszko II Lambert.

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11/09/0883

Kesta Styppiotes, Byzantine general

Kesta Styppiotes or Stypeiotes was briefly the Domestic of the Schools of the Byzantine Empire in ca. 883.

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