Died on Thursday, 18th September – Famous Deaths

18/09/2024

Kesaria Abramidze, Georgian blogger, actress and model (born 1987)

Kesaria Abramidze was a Georgian blogger, actress, and model. She was the first openly transgender person in the country to make an appearance on national television. She is widely considered a trailblazer for Georgia’s trans rights.

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Nick Gravenites, American singer-songwriter (born 1938)

Nicholas George Gravenites was an American blues, rock and folk singer, songwriter, and guitarist, best known for his work with Electric Flag, Janis Joplin, Mike Bloomfield, and several influential bands and individuals of the generation springing from the 1960s and 1970s. He sometimes performed under the stage names Nick "The Greek" Gravenites and Gravy.

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Salvatore Schillaci, Italian footballer (born 1964)

Salvatore Schillaci, also known as Totò Schillaci, was an Italian professional footballer who played as a striker. During his club career, he played for Messina (1982–1989), Juventus (1989–1992), Internazionale (1992–1994) and Júbilo Iwata (1994–1997).

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18/09/2023

Brereton C. Jones, American politician, 58th Governor of Kentucky (born 1939)

Brereton Chandler Jones was an American politician from the Commonwealth of Kentucky. From 1991 to 1995, he was the state's 58th governor, and had served from 1987 to 1991 as the 50th lieutenant governor of Kentucky. After his governorship, he chaired the Kentucky Equine Education Project (KEEP), a lobbying organization for the Kentucky horse industry.

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18/09/2021

Jolidee Matongo, South African politician, 97th Mayor of Johannesburg (born 1975)

Jolidee Matongo was a South African politician who served as the mayor of Johannesburg from 10 August 2021 until his death on 18 September 2021. Prior to his election as mayor, he served as the member of the mayoral committee (MMC) for finance under his predecessor, Geoff Makhubo, who died from COVID-19 complications. Matongo was a member of the African National Congress.

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Chris Anker Sørensen, Danish road bicycle racer (born 1984)

Chris Anker Sørensen was a Danish road bicycle racer who rode professionally between 2005 and 2018 for the Team Designa Køkken, Tinkoff–Saxo, Fortuneo–Vital Concept, and Riwal Platform teams. Sørensen then worked as a directeur sportif for his final professional team, Riwal Readynez.

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18/09/2020

Ruth Bader Ginsburg, United States Supreme Court justice (born 1933)

Joan Ruth Bader Ginsburg was an American lawyer and jurist who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1993 until her death in 2020. She was nominated by President Bill Clinton to replace retiring justice Byron White, and at the time was viewed as a moderate consensus-builder. Ginsburg was the first Jewish woman and the second woman to serve on the Court, after Sandra Day O'Connor. During her tenure, Ginsburg authored the majority opinions in cases such as United States v. Virginia (1996), Olmstead v. L.C. (1999), Friends of the Earth, Inc. v. Laidlaw Environmental Services, Inc. (2000), and City of Sherrill v. Oneida Indian Nation of New York (2005). Later in her tenure, Ginsburg received attention for passionate dissents that reflected liberal views of the law.

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18/09/2017

Afzal Ahsan Randhawa, Pakistani writer, poet, translator and playwright (born 1937)

Muhammad Afzal Ahsan Randhawa was a Pakistani Punjabi language writer, poet, translator, playwright and a politician.

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18/09/2015

Eduardo Bonvallet, Chilean footballer and manager (born 1955)

Eduardo Guillermo Bonvallet Godoy was a Chilean footballer who played as a defensive midfielder and later developed a sportscasting career.

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James R. Houck, American astrophysicist and academic (born 1940)

James Richard Houck was the Kenneth A. Wallace Professor of Astronomy at Cornell University.

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Mario Benjamín Menéndez, Argentinian general and politician (born 1930)

Mario Benjamin Menéndez was the Argentine governor of the Falklands during the 1982 Argentine occupation of the islands. He also served in the Argentine Army. Menéndez surrendered Argentine forces to British armed forces during the Falklands War.

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18/09/2014

Milan Marcetta, Canadian ice hockey player (born 1936)

Milan Marcetta was a Canadian professional ice hockey player who played 54 games in the National Hockey League with the Toronto Maple Leafs and Minnesota North Stars between 1967 and 1969. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1956 to 1973, was spent in the minor leagues. He only played three games in the finals in 1967 for Toronto, but earned the right to have his name engraved on the Stanley Cup. He died the day before his 78th birthday, on September 18, 2014.

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Earl Ross, Canadian racing driver (born 1941)

Earl Ross was a Canadian race car driver who competed in the NASCAR Winston Cup Series from 1973 to 1976 driving the Carling Red Cap No. 52.

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Hirofumi Uzawa, Japanese economist and academic (born 1928)

Hirofumi Uzawa was a Japanese economist.

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Kenny Wheeler, Canadian-English trumpet player and composer (born 1930)

Kenneth Vincent John Wheeler, OC was a Canadian composer and trumpet and flugelhorn player, based in the U.K. from the 1950s onwards.

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18/09/2013

Veliyam Bharghavan, Indian politician (born 1928)

Veliyam Bharghavan was a Communist leader from the Kerala, India. He was the state Secretary of Communist Party of India (CPI) from 1998 to 2010. In 2010 he retired from that position due to his health issues. He hails from Veliyam village of Kollam district. He was an advocate of a merger between CPI and Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPM). He was a member of the first Legislative Assembly of Kerala, winning the 1957 and 1960(interim) assembly elections from the Chadayamangalam Constituency. He died on 18 September 2013 aged 85 due to respiratory and cardiac problems.

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Lindsay Cooper, English composer, bassoon and oboe player (born 1951)

Lindsay Cooper was an English bassoon and oboe player and composer. Best known for her work with the band Henry Cow, she was also a member of Comus, National Health, News from Babel and David Thomas and the Pedestrians. She collaborated with a number of musicians, including Chris Cutler and Sally Potter, and co-founded the Feminist Improvising Group. She wrote scores for film and TV and a song cycle Oh Moscow which was performed live around the world in 1987. She also recorded a number of solo albums, including Rags (1980), The Gold Diggers (1983), and Music For Other Occasions (1986).

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Arthur Lamothe, French-Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1928)

Arthur Lamothe, was a French-Canadian film director and film producer.

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Ken Norton, American boxer (born 1943)

Kenneth Howard Norton Sr. was an American boxer who competed professionally from 1967 to 1981. He was awarded the WBC world heavyweight championship in 1978, after winning a close split decision over Jimmy Young in a title eliminator bout.

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Marcel Reich-Ranicki, Polish-German author and critic (born 1920)

Marcel Reich-Ranicki was a Polish-born German literary critic and member of the informal literary association Gruppe 47. He was regarded as one of the most influential contemporary literary critics in the field of German literature and has often been called Literaturpapst in Germany. His TV appearances made Reich-Ranicki a household name even among non-readers; in 2010, a survey found that 98% of Germans had heard of him.

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Richard C. Sarafian, American actor, director, and screenwriter (born 1930)

Richard Caspar Sarafian was an Armenian-American film director and actor. He compiled a versatile career that spanned over five decades as a director, actor, and writer. Sarafian is best known as the director of the 1971 film Vanishing Point and the classic The Twilight Zone episode "Living Doll".

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18/09/2012

Santiago Carrillo, Spanish theorist and politician (born 1915)

Santiago José Carrillo Solares was a Spanish politician who served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) from 1960 to 1982.

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Haim Hefer, Polish-Israeli songwriter and poet (born 1925)

Haim Hefer was a Polish-born Israeli songwriter, poet, columnist, translator and writer. He wrote for numerous composers and musical artists, as well as for military bands. Several of his songs are considered Israeli classics. He was awarded the Israel Prize in 1983 as recognition for his contributions to Israeli music.

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Jack Kralick, American baseball player (born 1935)

John Francis Kralick was an American professional baseball player who pitched in the Major Leagues from 1959 to 1967. He participated in 235 games in the course of an eight-year career that included stints with the Washington Senators / Minnesota Twins and Cleveland Indians. During that time, he earned 67 wins and 65 losses, accumulating a record of 668 strikeouts, with an ERA of 3.56 in 125 games and 1,218 innings pitched.

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Steve Sabol, American director and producer, co-founded NFL Films (born 1942)

Stephen Douglas Sabol was an American filmmaker. He was the president and one of the founders of NFL Films, along with his father Ed. He was also a widely exhibited visual artist.

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18/09/2011

Jamey Rodemeyer, American teenage activist (born 1997)

James T. Rodemeyer was an American teenager from Amherst, New York who was known for his activism against homophobia and his videos on YouTube to help victims of homophobic bullying. Rodemeyer died by suicide on September 18, 2011, after having been a victim of homophobic bullying himself. This was also the first major suicide of a YouTuber.

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18/09/2008

Leo de Berardinis, Italian actor and director (born 1940)

Leo de Berardinis was an Italian stage actor and theatre director. He was an important exponent of the Italian avant-garde theatre.

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Mauricio Kagel, Argentinian-German composer and educator (born 1931)

Mauricio Raúl Kagel was an Argentine-German composer and academic teacher.

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Ron Lancaster, American-Canadian football player and coach (born 1938)

Ronald Lancaster was an American-Canadian professional football player and coach in the Canadian Football League (CFL). As the starting quarterback for the Saskatchewan Roughriders for 16 seasons, he led the team to its first Grey Cup championship in 1966 and is the franchise's all-time leader in passing yards, attempts, completions, touchdowns, and interceptions. At the time of his retirement, he was the CFL's career leader in passing yards and still ranks sixth overall as of 2016. After his retirement as a player, he served as a head coach and general manager in the CFL; he led his teams to two Grey Cups and currently ranks fourth all-time with 142 regular season wins. He was also a colour commentator on the CFL on CBC from 1981 to 1990. At the time of his death, he was the Senior Director of Football Operations of the Hamilton Tiger-Cats. He is a member of the Canadian Football Hall of Fame (1982), Canada's Sports Hall of Fame (1985) and the Wittenberg University Athletic Hall of Honour (1985).

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18/09/2007

Pepsi Tate, Welsh bass player and producer (born 1965)

Tigertailz are a Welsh glam metal band from Cardiff. Their 1990 album Bezerk made the Top 40 on the UK Albums Chart and contained the hit singles "Love Bomb Baby" and "Heaven". The band reformed in 2005.

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18/09/2006

Edward J. King, American football player, lawyer, and politician, 66th Governor of Massachusetts (born 1925)

Edward Joseph King was an American politician who served as the 66th governor of Massachusetts from 1979 to 1983. A member of the Democratic Party until 1985, he then became a member of the Republican Party. Elected in the 1978 Massachusetts gubernatorial election, he lost the Democratic primary of the 1982 election to his predecessor Michael Dukakis.

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18/09/2005

Michael Park, English racing driver (born 1966)

Michael Steven Park was a rally co-driver from Newent in Gloucestershire. He worked with former world champions Richard Burns and Colin McRae as a gravel note expert while co-driving for both David Higgins and Mark Higgins in the British national series. His big break, however, came when he teamed up with the emerging Estonian talent Markko Märtin as a privateer pairing in a Toyota Corolla WRC for the 2000 World Rally Championship season.

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Clint C. Wilson, Sr., American cartoonist (born 1914)

Clint Cornelius Wilson Sr. was an African-American editorial cartoonist for the Los Angeles Sentinel, the most prominent Black owned newspaper in California.

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18/09/2004

Norman Cantor, Canadian-American historian and educator (born 1929)

Norman Frank Cantor was a Canadian-American medievalist. Known for his accessible writing and engaging narrative style, Cantor's books were among the most widely read treatments of medieval history in English. He estimated that his textbook The Civilization of the Middle Ages, first published in 1963, had a million copies in circulation.

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Russ Meyer, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1922)

Russell Albion Meyer was an American filmmaker. He was primarily known for writing and directing a successful series of sexploitation films featuring campy humor, sly satire and large-breasted women, which have attracted a considerable cult following. His best-known works include Faster, Pussycat! Kill! Kill! (1965), Vixen! (1968), Supervixens (1975), Beneath the Valley of the Ultra-Vixens (1979), and the film he considered to be his definitive work, Beyond the Valley of the Dolls (1970).

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18/09/2003

Emil Fackenheim, German rabbi and philosopher (born 1916)

Emil Ludwig Fackenheim was a Jewish philosopher and Reform rabbi.

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Bob Mitchell, English educator and politician (born 1927)

Richard Charles Mitchell, commonly known as Bob Mitchell, was a Labour Member of Parliament (MP) in the United Kingdom. He represented Southampton Test for Labour from 1966 to 1970, and Southampton Itchen for Labour and then the Social Democratic Party from 1971 to 1983.

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18/09/2002

Bob Hayes, American sprinter and football player (born 1942)

Robert Lee Hayes, nicknamed "Bullet Bob", was an American sprinter and professional football player. After winning gold medals at the 1964 Summer Olympics, he played as a split end in the National Football League (NFL) for the Dallas Cowboys. Hayes is the only athlete to win both an Olympic gold medal and a Super Bowl ring. He was a two-sport standout in college in both track and field and football at Florida A&M University. Hayes was enshrined in the Dallas Cowboys Ring of Honor in 2001 and was selected for induction in the Pro Football Hall of Fame in January 2009. Hayes is the second Olympic gold medalist to be inducted to the Pro Football Hall of Fame, after Jim Thorpe.

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Mauro Ramos, Brazilian footballer and manager (born 1930)

Mauro Ramos de Oliveira, known as Mauro Ramos or simply Mauro, was a Brazilian professional association footballer. He played as a central defender for São Paulo FC, Santos FC and the Brazil national team.

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Margita Stefanović, Serbian keyboard player (born 1959)

Margita "Magi" Stefanović was a Serbian musician best known as a keyboardist of a Yugoslav rock band Ekatarina Velika (EKV).

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18/09/2001

Ernie Coombs, American-Canadian television host (born 1927)

Ernest Arthur Coombs, CM was an American-Canadian children's entertainer who starred in the Canadian television series Mr. Dressup (1967–1996).

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18/09/1998

Charlie Foxx, American singer and guitarist (Inez and Charlie Foxx) (born 1939)

Inez Foxx and her elder brother Charlie Foxx were an American rhythm and blues and soul duo from Greensboro, North Carolina. Inez sang lead vocal, while Charlie sang backing vocals and played guitar. Casey Kasem, and doubtless many others, mistakenly thought that the two were husband and wife.

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18/09/1997

Jimmy Witherspoon, American singer (born 1920)

James Witherspoon was an American jump blues and jazz singer.

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18/09/1992

Mohammad Hidayatullah, Indian lawyer, judge, and politician, 6th Vice President of India (born 1905)

Mohammad Hidayatullah, OBE was an Indian jurist and statesman who served as interim President of India in 1969. He concurrently served as Chief Justice of India from 1968 to 1970 and then as Vice President of India from 1979 to 1984.

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18/09/1988

Alan Watt, Australian public servant and diplomat, Australian Ambassador to Japan (born 1901)

Sir Alan Stewart Watt was an Australian diplomat.

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18/09/1987

Américo Tomás, Portuguese admiral and politician, 14th President of Portugal (born 1894)

Américo de Deus Rodrigues Tomás was a Portuguese Navy officer and politician who served as the president of Portugal from 1958 to 1974. He was the last president of the authoritarian and corporatist Estado Novo.

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18/09/1980

Katherine Anne Porter, American short story writer, novelist, and essayist (born 1890)

Katherine Anne Porter was an American journalist, essayist, short story writer, novelist, poet, and political activist. Her 1962 novel Ship of Fools was the best-selling novel in the United States that year, but her short stories received much more critical acclaim. In 1966, she was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction and the U.S. National Book Award for The Collected Stories of Katherine Anne Porter.

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18/09/1977

Paul Bernays, English-Swiss mathematician and philosopher (born 1888)

Paul Isaac Bernays was a Swiss mathematician who made significant contributions to mathematical logic, axiomatic set theory, and the philosophy of mathematics. He was an assistant and close collaborator of David Hilbert.

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18/09/1975

Fairfield Porter, American painter and critic (born 1907)

Fairfield Porter was an American painter and art critic. He was the fourth of five children of James Porter, an architect, and Ruth Furness Porter, a poet from a literary family. He was the brother of photographer Eliot Porter and the brother-in-law of federal Reclamation Commissioner Michael W. Straus.

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18/09/1974

Amanat Ali Khan, Pakistani classical singer (born 1922)

Ustad Amanat Ali Khan was a Pakistani classical vocalist from the Patiala gharana tradition of music and is widely regarded as one of the finest classical and ghazal singers of all time. Together with his younger brother, Ustad Bade Fateh Ali Khan, he formed a famed singing duo that garnered widespread popularity across the Indian subcontinent. For his contributions to classical music, Amanat Ali was honoured with the highest national literary award of Pakistan – the Pride of Performance – by the President of Pakistan in 1969. Khan was especially noted for khayal, thumri, and ghazal styles of singing and has been described as "the maestro of the Patiala gharana." He stands with singing icons like Mehdi Hassan and Ahmed Rushdi, having left behind a legacy of hundreds of classical and semi-classical songs.

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18/09/1970

Jimi Hendrix, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (born 1942)

James Marshall "Jimi" Hendrix was an American guitarist, singer, and songwriter. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest and most influential guitarists of all time. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1992 as a part of his band, the Jimi Hendrix Experience; the institution describes him as "arguably the greatest instrumentalist in the history of rock music".

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18/09/1968

Franchot Tone, American actor, singer, and producer (born 1905)

Stanislaus Pascal Franchot Tone was an American actor, producer, and director of stage, film and television. He was a leading man in the 1930s and early 1940s, and at the height of his career was known for his gentlemanly sophisticate roles, with supporting roles by the 1950s. His acting crossed many genres including pre-Code romantic leads to noir layered roles and World War I films. He appeared as a guest star in episodes of several golden age television series, including The Twilight Zone and The Alfred Hitchcock Hour while continuing to act and produce in the theater and movies throughout the 1960s.

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18/09/1967

John Cockcroft, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1897)

Sir John Douglas Cockcroft was a British experimental physicist who shared the 1951 Nobel Prize in Physics with Ernest Walton for their splitting of the atomic nucleus, which led to the development of nuclear power and weapons.

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18/09/1964

Seán O'Casey, Irish dramatist and memoirist (born 1880)

Seán O'Casey was an Irish dramatist and memoirist. A committed socialist, he was the first Irish playwright of note to write about the struggles and experiences of the working class in Dublin.

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18/09/1962

Therese Neumann, German mystic (born 1898)

Therese Neumann was a German Catholic mystic and stigmatic. Neumann has been considered Servant of God by the Catholic Church since 2005.

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18/09/1961

Dag Hammarskjöld, Swedish economist and diplomat, 2nd Secretary-General of the United Nations, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1905)

Dag Hjalmar Agne Carl Hammarskjöld was a Swedish economist and diplomat who served as the second Secretary-General of the United Nations from April 1953 until his death in a plane crash in September 1961. As of 2026, he remains the youngest person to have held the post, having been only 47 years old when he was elected. He was a son of Hjalmar Hammarskjöld, who served as Prime Minister of Sweden from 1914 to 1917.

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18/09/1959

Benjamin Péret, French poet and journalist (born 1899)

Benjamin Péret was a French poet, Parisian Dadaist, and founder and central member of the French Surrealist movement with his avid use of Surrealist automatism.

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18/09/1958

Olaf Gulbransson, Norwegian painter and illustrator (born 1873)

Olaf Leonhard Gulbransson was a Norwegian artist, painter and designer. He is probably best known for his caricatures and illustrations.

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18/09/1956

Adélard Godbout, Canadian agronomist and politician, 15th Premier of Quebec (born 1892)

Joseph-Adélard Godbout was a Canadian agronomist and politician. He served as the 15th premier of Quebec briefly in 1936, and again from 1939 to 1944, in addition to serving as the leader of the Parti Libéral du Québec (PLQ) from 1936 to 1949.

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18/09/1953

Charles de Tornaco, Belgian racing driver (born 1927)

Baron Charles Victor Raymond André Evance de Tornaco was a racing driver from Belgium. He participated in 4 Formula One World Championship Grands Prix, debuting on 22 June 1952. He scored no championship points.

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18/09/1952

Frances Alda, New Zealand-Australian soprano and actress (born 1879)

Frances Davis Alda was a New Zealand-born, Australian-raised operatic lyric soprano. She achieved fame during the first three decades of the 20th century due to her outstanding singing voice, fine technique and colourful personality, as well as her frequent onstage partnerships at the Metropolitan Opera, New York, with Enrico Caruso.

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18/09/1951

Gelett Burgess, American author and poet (born 1866)

Frank Gelett Burgess was an American artist, art critic, poet, author and humorist. He was an important figure in the San Francisco Bay Area literary renaissance of the 1890s, particularly through his iconoclastic little magazine, The Lark, and association with The Crowd literary group. He is best known as a writer of nonsense verse, such as "The Purple Cow", and for introducing French modern art to the United States in an essay titled "The Wild Men of Paris." He was the illustrator of the Goops murals, in Coppa's restaurant, in the Montgomery Block and author of the popular Goops books. Burgess coined the term "blurb."

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18/09/1949

Frank Morgan, American actor (born 1890)

Francis Phillip Wuppermann, known professionally as Frank Morgan, was an American character actor. He was best known for his appearances in films starting in the silent era in 1916, and then numerous sound films throughout the 1930s and 1940s, with a career spanning 35 years mostly as a contract player at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. He was also briefly billed early in his career as Frank Wupperman and Francis Morgan.

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18/09/1945

Volin, Russian anarchist intellectual (born 1882)

Vsevolod Mikhailovich Eikhenbaum, commonly known by his pseudonym Volin, was a Russian anarchist intellectual. He became involved in revolutionary socialist politics during the 1905 Russian Revolution, for which he was forced into exile, where he gravitated towards anarcho-syndicalism.

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18/09/1944

Robert G. Cole, American colonel, Medal of Honor recipient (born 1915)

Robert George Cole was an American soldier who received the Medal of Honor for his actions during the Battle of Normandy in World War II. Cole, the commander of the 3rd Battalion of the 502nd Parachute Infantry Regiment of the 101st Airborne Division, successfully led his outgunned unit in a daring bayonet charge against an entrenched German force. He was killed in action three months later during Operation Market Garden.

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18/09/1941

Fred Karno, English actor and screenwriter (born 1866)

Frederick John Westcott, best known by his stage name Fred Karno, was an English theatre impresario of the British music hall. As a comedian of slapstick he is credited with popularising the custard-pie-in-the-face gag. During the 1890s, in order to circumvent stage censorship, Karno developed a form of sketch comedy without dialogue.

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18/09/1939

Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz, Polish author, painter, and photographer (born 1885)

Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz, commonly known as Witkacy, was a Polish writer, painter, philosopher, theorist, playwright, novelist, and photographer active before World War I and during the interwar period.

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18/09/1924

F. H. Bradley, English philosopher and author (born 1846)

Francis Herbert Bradley was a British idealist philosopher. His most important work was Appearance and Reality (1893).

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18/09/1915

Susan La Flesche Picotte, doctor, teacher, and social reformer, first Native American to earn a medical degree (born 1865)

Susan La Flesche Picotte was a Native American medical doctor and reformer and member of the Omaha tribe. She is widely acknowledged as one of the first Indigenous people, and the first Indigenous woman, to earn a medical degree. She campaigned for public health and for the formal, legal allotment of land to members of the Omaha tribe.

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18/09/1911

Pyotr Stolypin, Russian lawyer and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Russia (born 1862)

Pyotr Arkadyevich Stolypin was a Russian statesman who served as the third prime minister and the interior minister of the Russian Empire from 1906 until his assassination in 1911. Known as the greatest reformer of Russian society and economy, he initiated reforms that caused unprecedented growth of the Russian state, which was halted by his assassination.

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18/09/1909

Grigore Tocilescu, Romanian archaeologist and historian (born 1850)

Grigore George Tocilescu was a Romanian historian, archaeologist, epigrapher and folkorist, and member of the Romanian Academy.

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18/09/1905

George MacDonald, Scottish minister, author, and poet (born 1824)

George MacDonald was a Scottish author, poet and Congregational minister. He became a pioneering figure in the field of modern fantasy literature and the mentor of fellow-writer Lewis Carroll. In addition to his fairy tales, MacDonald wrote several works of Christian theology, including several collections of sermons.

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18/09/1896

Hippolyte Fizeau, French physicist and academic (born 1819)

Armand Hippolyte Louis Fizeau was a French physicist who, in 1849, measured the speed of light to within 5% accuracy. In 1851, he measured the speed of light in moving water in an experiment known as the Fizeau experiment.

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18/09/1890

Dion Boucicault, Irish-American actor and playwright (born 1820)

Dionysius Lardner "Dion" Boucicault was an Irish actor and playwright famed for his melodramas. By the later part of the 19th century, Boucicault had become known on both sides of the Atlantic as one of the most successful actor-playwright-managers then in the English-speaking theatre. The New York Times hailed him in his obituary as "the most conspicuous English dramatist of the 19th century"; he and his second wife, Agnes Robertson Boucicault, applied for, and received, American citizenship in 1873.

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18/09/1881

Joseph Higginson, The last surviving veteran of the Invasion of Java in 1811 (born 1792)

Sergeant Joseph Higginson was a Sergeant in the Royal Marines and veteran of the Invasion of Java (1811), part of the greater Napoleonic Wars. He served aboard HMS President during the invasion, when British forces captured the Dutch East Indies from Franco–Dutch control. For his service he later received the Naval General Service Medal in 1848 with the "Java" clasp, and was one of only 665 to do so.

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18/09/1872

Charles XV of Sweden (born 1826)

Charles XV and IV was King of Sweden and King of Norway, there often referred to as Charles IV, from 8 July 1859 until his death in 1872. Charles was the third Swedish monarch from the House of Bernadotte. He was the first one to be born in Sweden, the first to grow up speaking Swedish as his first language, and the first to be raised from birth in the Lutheran faith.

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18/09/1862

Joseph K. Mansfield, American general (born 1803)

Joseph King Fenno Mansfield was a career United States Army officer and civil engineer. He served as a Union general in the American Civil War and was mortally wounded at the Battle of Antietam.

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18/09/1860

Joseph Locke, English engineer and politician (born 1805)

Joseph Locke FRSA was an English civil engineer of the nineteenth century, particularly associated with railway projects. Locke ranked alongside Robert Stephenson and Isambard Kingdom Brunel as one of the major pioneers of railway development.

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18/09/1857

Karol Kurpiński, Polish composer and conductor (born 1785)

Karol Kazimierz Kurpiński was a Polish composer, conductor and pedagogue. He was a representative of late classicism and a member of the Warsaw Society of Friends of Learning. He is also known for having composed the music to the 1831 patriotic song La Varsovienne with lyrics by Casimir Delavigne. He was also a mentor and an influence on young Chopin.

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18/09/1830

William Hazlitt, English philosopher, painter, and critic (born 1778)

William Hazlitt was an English essayist, drama and literary critic, painter, social commentator, and philosopher. He is now considered one of the greatest critics and essayists in the history of the English language, placed in the company of Samuel Johnson and George Orwell. He is also acknowledged as the finest art critic of his age. Despite his high standing among historians of literature and art, his work is currently little read and mostly out of print.

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18/09/1812

Safranbolulu Izzet Mehmet Pasha, Ottoman politician, 186th Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (born 1743)

Safranbolulu Izzet Mehmet Pasha was a grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire and served from 1794 to 1798.

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18/09/1792

August Gottlieb Spangenberg, German bishop and theologian (born 1704)

August Gottlieb Spangenberg was a German theologian, minister, and bishop of the Moravian Church. As successor to Nicolaus Zinzendorf as bishop of the Moravian Church, he helped develop and lead international Moravian missions in colonial-era Province of Pennsylvania and stabilized Moravian theology and organization.

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18/09/1783

Leonhard Euler, Swiss mathematician and physicist (born 1707)

Leonhard Euler was a Swiss polymath who was active as a mathematician, physicist, astronomer, logician, geographer, music theorist and engineer. He founded the studies of graph theory and topology and made influential discoveries in many other branches of mathematics, such as analytic number theory, complex analysis, and infinitesimal calculus. He also introduced much of modern mathematical terminology and notation, including the notion of a mathematical function. He is known for his work in mechanics, fluid dynamics, optics, astronomy, and music theory. Euler has been called a "universal genius" who "was fully equipped with almost unlimited powers of imagination, intellectual gifts and extraordinary memory". He spent most of his adult life in Saint Petersburg, Russia, and in Berlin, then the capital of Prussia.

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Benjamin Kennicott, English theologian and scholar (born 1718)

Benjamin Kennicott was an English churchman and Hebrew scholar.

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18/09/1722

André Dacier, French scholar and academic (born 1651)

André Dacier was a French classical scholar and editor of texts. He began his career with an edition and commentary of Festus's De verborum significatione, and was the first to produce a "readable" text of the 20-book work. His wife was the influential classical scholar and translator, Anne Dacier.

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18/09/1721

Matthew Prior, English poet, politician, and diplomat, British Ambassador to France (born 1664)

Matthew Prior was an English poet, statesman, and diplomat, who played a crucial role in securing the Treaties of Utrecht, serving as Minister Plenipotentiary to France from 1712 to 1715. He is also known as a contributor to The Examiner.

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18/09/1675

Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine (born 1604)

Charles IV was Duke of Lorraine from 1624 until his death in 1675, with a brief interruption in 1634, when he abdicated under French pressure in favor of his younger brother, Nicholas Francis.

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18/09/1630

Melchior Klesl, Austrian cardinal (born 1552)

Melchior Klesl was an Austrian statesman and cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church during the time of the Counter-Reformation. He was minister-favourite of King and Emperor Matthias (1609-1618) and a leading advocate for peace between the empire's different confessional leagues before the Thirty Years' War.

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18/09/1598

Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Japanese daimyō (born 1536)

Toyotomi Hideyoshi , otherwise known as Kinoshita Tōkichirō and Hashiba Hideyoshi , was a Japanese samurai and daimyō of the late Sengoku and Azuchi-Momoyama periods and regarded as the second "Great Unifier" of Japan. Although he came from a peasant background, he rose to become the most powerful man in Japan, earning the rank and title of Kampaku and Daijō-daijin , the highest official position and title in the nobility class. He was the first person in history to become a Kampaku who was not born a noble. He then passed the position and title of Kampaku to his nephew, Toyotomi Hidetsugu. He remained in power as Taikō (太閤), the title of a retired Kampaku, until his death.

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18/09/1443

Lewis of Luxembourg, archbishop of Rouen

Louis of Luxembourg;. Bishop of Therouanne 1415–1436, Archbishop of Rouen, 1436, Bishop of Ely 1437, Cardinal.

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18/09/1385

Balša II, ruler of Zeta

Balša Balšić or Balša II was the Lord of Lower Zeta from 1378 to 1385. He was a member of the Balšić noble family, which ruled Zeta from c. 1362 to 1421.

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18/09/1361

Louis V, duke of Bavaria (born 1315)

Louis V, called the Brandenburger, a member of the House of Wittelsbach, ruled as Margrave of Brandenburg from 1323 to 1351 and as Duke of Bavaria from 1347 until his death. From 1342 he also was co-ruling Count of Tyrol by his marriage with the Meinhardiner countess Margaret.

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18/09/1345

Andrew, Duke of Calabria (born 1327)

Andrew, Duke of Calabria was the first husband of Joanna I of Naples, and a son of Charles I of Hungary and brother of Louis I of Hungary.

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18/09/1302

Eudokia Palaiologina, empress of Trebizond (born c. 1265)

Eudokia Palaiologina was the third daughter of Byzantine Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos and his wife, Theodora, a grandniece of Emperor John III Doukas Vatatzes of Nicaea.

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18/09/1261

Konrad von Hochstaden, archbishop of Cologne

Konrad von Hochstaden was Archbishop of Cologne from 1238 to 1261.

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18/09/1180

Louis VII, king of France (born 1120)

Louis VII, was King of France from 1137 to 1180. Called the Younger or the Young to differentiate him from his father Louis VI, His first marriage was to Duchess Eleanor of Aquitaine, one of the wealthiest and most powerful women in western Europe. The marriage temporarily extended the Capetian lands to the Pyrenees.

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18/09/1137

Eric II, king of Denmark

Eric II the Memorable was king of Denmark between 1134 and 1137. He was an illegitimate son of Eric I of Denmark, who ruled the kingdom from 1095 to 1103. Eric the Memorable rebelled against his uncle Niels, King of Denmark, and was declared king in 1134. He punished his adversaries severely, and rewarded his supporters handsomely. He was killed by a subject in 1137 and was promptly succeeded as king by his nephew Eric III of Denmark.

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18/09/0958

Liu Sheng, Chinese emperor (born 920)

Liu Sheng, born Liu Hongxi (劉弘熙), possibly nicknamed Jun (雋), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Zhongzong of (Southern) Han ( 漢中宗), was the third emperor of the Southern Han dynasty of China during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. He succeeded his brother, Liu Bin, whom he had ordered assassinated to allow himself to take the throne.

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18/09/0893

Zhang Xiong, Chinese warlord

Zhang Xiong (張雄) was a Chinese military general and politician during the Tang dynasty. He from 886 and on, controlled an army that initially roved in the lower Yangtze River region and became a key player in the power struggles between various warlords for the control of Huainan and Zhenhai Circuits. Zhang eventually settled in at Shangyuan in 887 and controlled the area until his death in 893.

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18/09/0887

Pietro I Candiano, doge of Venice (born 842)

Pietro I Candiano was briefly the sixteenth Doge of Venice in 887.

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18/09/0869

Wenilo, Frankish archbishop

Wenilo was the archbishop of Rouen from 858. He was an appointee of King Charles the Bald.

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18/09/0411

Constantine III, Roman usurper

Year 411 (CDXI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known in Rome as the Year of the Consulship of Theodosius without colleague. The denomination 411 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

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18/09/0096

Domitian, Roman emperor (born AD 51)

AD 96 (XCVI) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Valens and Vetus. The denomination AD 96 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

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