Died on Monday, 22nd September – Famous Deaths

22/09/2024

Roy Clay, American computer scientist (born 1929)

Roy Lee Clay Sr. was an African American computer scientist and inventor. He was a founding member of the computer division at Hewlett-Packard, where he led the team that created the HP 2116A 16-bit minicomputer. He served as Chief Executive Officer of ROD-L Electronics, an electrical-safety test equipment manufacturer.

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Fredric Jameson, American academic and literary critic (born 1934)

Fredric Ruff Jameson was an American literary critic, philosopher and Marxist political theorist. He was best known for his analysis of contemporary cultural trends, particularly his analysis of postmodernity and capitalism. Jameson's best-known books include Postmodernism, or, The Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism (1991) and The Political Unconscious (1981).

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22/09/2023

Altemio Sanchez, Puerto Rican serial killer and rapist (born 1958)

Altemio C. Sanchez, also known as the Bike Path Rapist, was a serial killer of Puerto Rican descent, who is known to have raped and murdered at least three women, and raped at least 9 to 15 girls and women in and around Buffalo, New York during a 31-year span from 1975, though perhaps earlier, until 2006. He was apprehended in 2007 through forensic DNA evidence and sentenced to 75 years-to-life, serving 16 years before dying from apparent suicide in 2023.

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22/09/2022

Hilary Mantel, British author (born 1952)

Dame Hilary Mary Mantel was a British writer whose work includes historical fiction, personal memoirs and short stories. Her first published novel, Every Day Is Mother's Day, was released in 1985. She went on to write 12 novels, two collections of short stories, a memoir, and numerous articles and opinion pieces.

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Pal Singh Purewal, Punjabi engineer, author, scholar, and teacher (born 1931/1932)

Pal Singh Purewal was a Punjabi engineer, author, scholar and a teacher. He was commonly known as the architect of the Mool Nanakshahi Calendar. He was also known as a role model in the Sikh community. He immigrated to the United Kingdom in 1965 and worked as a senior engineer at Texas Instruments. He moved to Canada in 1974. He has authored various research papers establishing the authenticity of the Sikh calendar since 1960s.

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22/09/2020

Neil Brannon, American politician (born 1940)

Neil Brannon was an American politician who served in the Oklahoma House of Representatives from the 3rd district from 2002 to 2010.

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22/09/2018

Chas Hodges, English musician and singer (born 1943)

Charles Nicholas Hodges was an English musician and singer. He was the lead vocalist, pianist and guitarist of the musical duo Chas & Dave, whose most successful singles include "Rabbit" (1980) and "Ain't No Pleasing You" (1982). Earlier in his career, he was a member of Joe Meek-produced instrumental group the Outlaws and the country rock band Heads Hands & Feet. As a session musician, he backed Gene Vincent, Jerry Lee Lewis and Labi Siffre.

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Edna Molewa, South African politician (born 1957)

Bomo Edith Edna Molewa, formerly known as Edna Sethema, was a South African politician and member of the African National Congress. Molewa became the Minister of Water and Environmental Affairs of South Africa on 31 October 2010, as part of a cabinet reshuffle by President Jacob Zuma. On 25 May 2014 her Ministry has been divided and she was appointed Minister of Environmental Affairs. She succeeded Buyelwa Sonjica. Prior to her death, Molewa was studying towards a Bachelor's of Arts Honours in Developmental Studies through the University of South Africa.

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22/09/2016

Delphine Medjo, Cameroonian politician (born 1941)

Delphine Medjo was a Cameroonian politician and educator. A member of the Cameroon People's Democratic Movement, she was elected to the Senate in 2013.

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22/09/2015

Yogi Berra, American baseball player, coach, and manager (born 1925)

Lawrence Peter "Yogi" Berra was an American professional baseball catcher who later took on the roles of manager and coach. He played 19 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB), all but the last for the New York Yankees. He was an 18-time All-Star and won 10 World Series championships as a player—more than any other player in MLB history. Berra had a career batting average of .285, while hitting 358 home runs and 1,430 runs batted in. He is one of only six players to win the American League (AL) Most Valuable Player Award three times. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest catchers in baseball history, and was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1972.

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22/09/2014

Fernando Cabrita, Portuguese footballer and manager (born 1923)

Fernando da Silva Cabrita was a Portuguese football forward and manager.

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Sahana Pradhan, Nepalese politician, Nepalese Minister of Foreign Affairs (born 1927)

Sahana Pradhan was a Nepalese politician from a Newar family in Kathmandu. She resigned as Minister of Foreign Affairs of Nepal on April 16, 2008. She also served as Deputy Prime Minister of Nepal within the coalition government of Prime Minister Girija Prasad Koirala from 2007 to 2008.

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Erik van der Wurff, Dutch pianist, composer, and conductor (born 1945)

Erik van der Wurff was a Dutch pianist, composer, arranger, record producer and conductor. He worked mainly on soundtracks and as a composer for many film and television shows. He also made acting appearances in two Dutch-German television shows in 1977 and 1980. He was the regular pianist and composer on the Herman van Veen shows. He composed music for many theater productions, musicals, movies and for the comic series Alfred Jodokus Kwak which was aired in various countries.

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Hans E. Wallman, Swedish director, producer, and composer (born 1936)

Hans Erik "Hasse" Wallman, was a Swedish entrepreneur, impresario, composer, director, author, producer and entertainment executive. At his own venues in Stockholm he has presented acts like the Beatles (1963), Rolling Stones and Lill-Babs.

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22/09/2013

Gary Brandner, American author and screenwriter (born 1930)

Gary Phil Brandner was an American horror fiction author best known for his werewolf themed trilogy of novels, The Howling. The first book of the series was adapted loosely as a motion picture in 1981. Brandner's second and third Howling novels, published in 1979 and 1985 respectively, have no association with the film series, though he was involved with writing the screenplay for the second Howling film, Howling II: Your Sister Is a Werewolf. The fourth film of the Howling series, Howling IV: The Original Nightmare, is actually the closest adaptation of Brandner's original novel, though this too varies to some degree.

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Jane Connell, American actress and singer (born 1925)

Jane Sperry Connell was an American actress and singer.

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David H. Hubel, Canadian-American neurophysiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1926)

David Hunter Hubel was an American Canadian neurophysiologist noted for his studies of the structure and function of the visual cortex. He was co-recipient with Torsten Wiesel of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for their discoveries concerning information processing in the visual system. For much of his career, Hubel worked as the Professor of Neurobiology at Johns Hopkins University and Harvard Medical School. In 1978, Hubel and Wiesel were awarded the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize from Columbia University. In 1983, Hubel received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.

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Álvaro Mutis, Colombian-Mexican author and poet (born 1923)

Álvaro Mutis Jaramillo was a Colombian poet, novelist, and essayist. His best-known work is the novel sequence The Adventures and Misadventures of Maqroll, which revolves around the character of Maqroll el Gaviero. He won the 1991 International Nonino Prize in Italy. He was awarded the 2001 Miguel de Cervantes Prize and the 2002 Neustadt International Prize for Literature.

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Hans Erich Slany, German industrial designer, founded TEAMS Design (born 1926)

Hans Erich Slany was a German designer considered by many to have been the first industrial designer to design plastic housings for power tools. Slany is also thought of as one of the icons of design in Germany. He founded TEAMS Design GmbH, was a professor of Industrial Design (ID) for more than 20 years and helped found the Verband Deutscher Industrie Designer e. V. in 1959. He then helped the VDID with their entry into the International Council of Societies of Industrial Design (ICSID).

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Luciano Vincenzoni, Italian screenwriter (born 1926)

Luciano Vincenzoni was an Italian screenwriter, known as the "script doctor". He wrote for some 65 films between 1954 and 2000.

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22/09/2012

Hector Abhayavardhana, Sri Lankan theorist and academic (born 1919)

Hector Abhayavardhana was a Sri Lankan Trotskyist theoretician, a long-standing member of the Lanka Sama Samaja Party (LSSP) and a founder-member of the Bolshevik-Leninist Party of India, Ceylon and Burma.

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Irving Adler, American mathematician, author, and academic (born 1913)

Irving Adler was an American author, mathematician, scientist, political activist, and educator. He was the author of 57 books about mathematics, science, and education, and the co-author of 30 more, for both children and adults. His books have been published in 31 countries in 19 different languages. Since his teenaged years, Adler was involved in social and political activities focused on civil rights, civil liberties, and peace, including his role as a plaintiff in the McCarthy-era case Adler vs. Board of Education that bears his name.

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Juan H. Cintrón García, Puerto Rican businessman and politician, 126th Mayor of Ponce (born 1919)

Juan Herminio Cintrón García was a Puerto Rican politician and Mayor of Ponce, Puerto Rico, from 1968 to 1972. Under his administration the city of Ponce saw the construction of the Coliseo Juan "Pachín" Vicéns and the Centro Gubernamental de Ponce on Avenida Las Americas.

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Grigory Frid, Russian pianist and composer (born 1915)

Grigory Samuilovich Frid, also known as Grigori Fried, was a Russian composer of music written in many different genres, including chamber opera.

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Jan Hendrik van den Berg, Dutch psychiatrist and academic (born 1914)

Jan Hendrik van den Berg was a Dutch psychiatrist notable for his work in phenomenological psychotherapy and metabletics, or "psychology of historical change." He is the author of numerous articles and books, including A different existence and The changing nature of man.

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22/09/2011

Knut Steen, Norwegian sculptor (born 1924)

Knut Steen was a Norwegian sculptor. Steen lived in Sandefjord for most of his life and dedicated works such as the Whaler's Monument to the city. Many of his sculptures may also be seen at Midtåsen Sculpture Park, a park dedicated to Steen at the former villa of Anders Jahre in Sandefjord.

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22/09/2010

Jackie Burroughs, British-born Canadian actress (born 1939)

Jacqueline Burroughs was a Canadian actress. Burroughs starred in over 100 films and television shows over her career, including Heavy Metal, The Care Bears Movie, The Grey Fox, and Anne of Green Gables, and was best known for her role as Hetty King in the TV series Road to Avonlea.

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Eddie Fisher, American singer (born 1928)

Edwin Jack "Eddie" Fisher was an American singer and actor. Popular during the 1950s, he sold millions of records and hosted his own TV show, The Eddie Fisher Show. Fisher had multiple high-profile marriages, including with Debbie Reynolds, Elizabeth Taylor, and Connie Stevens. With Reynolds, he fathered Carrie Fisher.

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Vyacheslav Tsaryov, Russian footballer (born 1971)

Vyacheslav Vyacheslavovich Tsaryov was a Russian professional footballer.

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22/09/2009

Edward Delaney, Irish sculptor (born 1930)

Edward Delaney was an Irish sculptor born in Claremorris in County Mayo in 1930. His best-known works include the 1967 statue of Wolfe Tone and famine memorial at the northeastern corner of St Stephen's Green in Dublin and the statue of Thomas Davis in College Green, opposite Trinity College Dublin. These are both examples of lost-wax bronze castings, his main technique during the 1960s and early 1970s.

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22/09/2008

Thomas Dörflein, German zookeeper (born 1963)

Thomas Dörflein was a German zookeeper at the Berlin Zoological Garden for 26 years. After the baby polar bear Knut was abandoned by his mother shortly after his birth in 2006, Dörflein—who cared for both the zoo's wolves and the bears—was assigned as the cub's caretaker. As a result of the zoo's decision to raise Knut by hand, and the resultant close relationship between keeper and animal, Dörflein became a reluctant celebrity.

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Petrus Schaesberg, German painter, historian, and educator (born 1967)

Petrus Graf von Schaesberg was a German art historian, artist, editor, and teacher.

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22/09/2007

ʻAlí-Muhammad Varqá, last Hand of the Cause of God in the Baháʼí Faith (born 1911)

ʻAlí-Muhammad Varqá was a prominent adherent of the Baháʼí Faith. He was the longest surviving Hand of the Cause of God, an appointed position in the Baháʼí Faith whose main function is to propagate and protect the religion on the international level.

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Marcel Marceau, French mime and actor (born 1923)

Marcel Marceau was a French mime artist and actor most famous for his stage persona, "Bip the Clown". He referred to mime as the "art of silence", performing professionally worldwide for more than 60 years.

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22/09/2006

Edward Albert, American actor (born 1951)

Edward Laurence Albert was an American actor. The son of actor Eddie Albert and Mexican actress Margo, he starred opposite Goldie Hawn in Butterflies Are Free (1972), a role for which he won a Golden Globe Award for New Star of the Year. He was nominated for Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy. Albert starred in more than 130 films and television series, including Midway, The Greek Tycoon, Galaxy of Terror, The House Where Evil Dwells, The Yellow Rose, Falcon Crest and Power Rangers Time Force.

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Carla Benschop, Dutch basketball player and educator (born 1950)

Carla Ida Benschop-de Liefde was a Dutch basketball player.

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22/09/2004

Pete Schoening, American mountaineer (born 1927)

Peter Kittilsby Schoening was an American mountaineer. Schoening was one of two Americans to first successfully climb the Pakistani peak Gasherbrum I in 1958, along with Andrew Kauffman, and was one of the first to summit Mount Vinson in Antarctica in 1966.

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Ray Traylor Jr., American professional wrestler better-known as the Big Boss Man (born 1963)

Ray Washington Traylor Jr. was an American professional wrestler best known for his appearances with the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) under the ring name (The) Big Boss Man, as well as for his appearances with World Championship Wrestling (WCW) as the Boss, the Man, the Guardian Angel, and Big Bubba Rogers. During his appearances with the WWF, Big Boss Man held the WWF World Tag Team Championship once and the WWF Hardcore Championship four times. Traylor was posthumously inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame in 2016.

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22/09/2003

Gordon Jump, American actor (born 1932)

Alexander Gordon Jump was an American actor best known for playing Arthur "Big Guy" Carlson in the series WKRP in Cincinnati (1978–1982); he reprised the role in its spinoff The New WKRP in Cincinnati (1991–1993). He also played Chief Tinkler in the sitcom Soap (1977–1978) and Mr. Horton on a two-part episode of the sitcom Diff'rent Strokes (1983). He appeared in Maytag commercials as the "Maytag repairman" from 1989 until he retired in 2003.

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Hugo Young, English journalist and author (born 1938)

Hugo John Smelter Young was a British journalist and columnist and senior political commentator at The Guardian.

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22/09/2002

Jan de Hartog, Dutch-American author and playwright (born 1914)

Jan de Hartog was a Dutch playwright, novelist and occasional social critic who moved to the United States in the early 1960s and became a Quaker.

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22/09/2001

Isaac Stern, Polish-Ukrainian violinist and conductor (born 1920)

Isaac Stern was an American violinist.

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22/09/2000

Saburō Sakai, Japanese lieutenant and pilot (born 1916)

Saburō Sakai was a Japanese naval aviator and flying ace of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II. Sakai had 28 aerial victories, including shared ones, according to official Japanese records, though he and his ghostwriter Martin Caidin claimed much higher numbers.

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22/09/1999

George C. Scott, American actor, director, and producer (born 1927)

George Campbell Scott was an American actor. He had a celebrated career on both stage and screen. With a gruff demeanor and commanding presence, Scott became known for his portrayal of stern but complex authority figures.

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22/09/1996

Ludmilla Chiriaeff, Latvian-Canadian ballerina, choreographer, and director (born 1924)

Ludmilla Chiriaeff was a Russian-Canadian ballet dancer, choreographer, teacher, and company director.

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Dorothy Lamour, American actress and singer (born 1914)

Dorothy Lamour was an American actress and singer. She is best remembered for having appeared in the Road to... movies, a series of successful comedies starring Bing Crosby and Bob Hope.

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22/09/1994

Leonard Feather, English-American pianist, composer, producer, and journalist (born 1914)

Leonard Geoffrey Feather was a British-born jazz pianist, composer, and producer, who was best known for his music journalism and other writing.

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22/09/1993

Maurice Abravanel, Greek-American pianist and conductor (born 1903)

Maurice Abravanel was an American classical music conductor. He is remembered as the conductor of the Utah Symphony for over 30 years.

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22/09/1992

Aurelio López, Mexican baseball player (born 1948)

Aurelio Alejandro López Rios was a Mexican professional baseball player. After pitching for several years in the Mexican League, he spent eleven seasons with four teams in Major League Baseball — a majority of it spent with the Detroit Tigers. He acquired the nickname "Señor Smoke" in Detroit, while he was known as "El Buitre de Tecamachalco" in Mexico. López was discovered in his hometown by Mexican League scouts and converted from a starting pitcher to a relief pitcher.

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22/09/1989

Ambrose Folorunsho Alli, Nigerian academic and politician (born 1929)

Ambrose Folorunsho Alli was a Nigerian medical professor who served as Executive Governor of the defunct Nigerian state of Bendel State between 1979 and 1983. He was the first civilian governor.

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Irving Berlin, Russian-born American composer and songwriter (born 1888)

Irving Berlin was a Russian-born American composer and songwriter. His music forms a large part of the Great American Songbook. Berlin received numerous honors including an Academy Award, a Grammy Award, and a Tony Award. He also received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Gerald R. Ford in 1977. The broadcast journalist Walter Cronkite stated he "helped write the story of this country, capturing the best of who we are and the dreams that shape our lives".

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22/09/1988

Rais Amrohvi, Pakistani psychoanalyst, scholar, and poet (born 1914)

Syed Muhammad Mahdi, commonly known as Rais Amrohvi, was a Pakistani Urdu poet, paranormal investigator and psychoanalyst. He was known for his style of qatanigari. He wrote quatrains for Pakistani newspaper Jang for several decade. He promoted the Urdu language and supported the Urdu-speaking people of Pakistan. His family is regarded as a family of poets. He was the elder brother of poet Jaun Elia.

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22/09/1987

Hákun Djurhuus, Faroese educator and politician, 4th Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (born 1908)

Hákun Djurhuus was the prime minister of the Faroe Islands from 1963 to 1967. He was born in Tórshavn.

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Dan Rowan, American actor, comedian, and producer (born 1922)

Daniel Hale Rowan was an American actor and comedian. He was featured in the television show Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In, in which he played straight man to Dick Martin and won the 1969 Emmy for Outstanding Variety or Musical Series.

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22/09/1981

Harry Warren, American composer and songwriter (born 1893)

Harry Warren was an American composer and the first major American songwriter to write primarily for film. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song eleven times and won three Oscars for composing "Lullaby of Broadway", "You'll Never Know" and "On the Atchison, Topeka and the Santa Fe". He wrote the music for the first blockbuster film musical, 42nd Street, choreographed by Busby Berkeley, with whom he would collaborate on many musical films.

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22/09/1979

Abul A'la Maududi, Pakistani theologian, Islamic scholar and jurist (born 1903)

Abul A'la al-Maududi was an Islamic scholar and the author of Tafhim-ul-Quran, who was active in British India and later, following the partition, in Pakistan. Described by Wilfred Cantwell Smith as "the most systematic thinker of modern Islam", his numerous works, which "covered a range of disciplines such as Qur'anic exegesis, hadith, law, philosophy, and history", were written in Urdu, but then translated into English, Arabic, Hindi, Bengali, Telugu, Tamil, Kannada, Burmese, Malayalam and many other languages. He sought to revive Islam, and to propagate what he understood to be "true Islam". He believed that Islam was essential for politics and that it was necessary to institute sharia and preserve Islamic culture similarly as to that during the reign of the Rashidun Caliphs and abandon immorality, from what he viewed as the evils of secularism, nationalism and socialism, which he understood to be the influence of Western imperialism.

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22/09/1973

Paul van Zeeland, Belgian lawyer, economist, and politician, 38th Prime Minister of Belgium (born 1893)

Paul Guillaume, Viscount van Zeeland was a Belgian lawyer, economist, Catholic politician and statesman who served as Prime Minister of Belgium from 1935 to 1937.

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22/09/1969

Adolfo López Mateos, Mexican politician, 48th President of Mexico (born 1909)

Adolfo López Mateos was a Mexican politician and lawyer who served as President of Mexico from 1958 to 1964. Previously, he served as Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare from 1952 to 1957 and a Senator from the State of Mexico from 1946 to 1952.

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22/09/1961

Marion Davies, American actress and comedian (born 1897)

Marion Davies was an American actress, producer, screenwriter, and philanthropist. Educated in a religious convent, Davies left the school to pursue a career as a chorus girl. As a teenager, she appeared in several Broadway musicals and one film, Runaway Romany (1917). She soon became a featured performer in the Ziegfeld Follies. While performing in the 1916 Follies, the nineteen-year-old Marion met the fifty-three-year-old newspaper tycoon William Randolph Hearst and became his mistress. Hearst took over management of Davies' career and promoted her as a film actress.

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22/09/1957

Soemu Toyoda, Japanese admiral (born 1885)

Soemu Toyoda was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy in World War II.

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22/09/1956

Frederick Soddy, English chemist and economist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1877)

Frederick Soddy FRS was an English radiochemist who explained, with Ernest Rutherford, that radioactivity is due to the transmutation of elements, now known to involve nuclear reactions. He also proved the existence of isotopes of certain radioactive elements. In 1921, he received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his contributions to our knowledge of the chemistry of radioactive substances, and his investigations into the origin and nature of isotopes". Soddy was a polymath who mastered chemistry, nuclear physics, statistical mechanics, finance, and economics.

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22/09/1952

Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg, Finnish lawyer, judge, and politician, 1st President of Finland (born 1865)

Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg was a Finnish jurist and academic who was one of the most important pioneers of republicanism in the country. He was the first president of Finland (1919–1925) and a liberal nationalist.

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22/09/1935

Elliott Lewis, Australian politician, 19th Premier of Tasmania (born 1858)

Sir Neil Elliott Lewis, Australian politician, was Premier of Tasmania on three occasions. He was also a member of the first Australian federal ministry, led by Edmund Barton.

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22/09/1934

Cecil Chubb, English barrister and last private owner of Stonehenge (born 1876)

Sir Cecil Herbert Edward Chubb, 1st Baronet, was the last private owner of Stonehenge prehistoric monument, Wiltshire, which he donated to the British government in 1918.

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22/09/1933

Sime Silverman, American journalist and newspaper publisher (born 1873)

Simon J. Silverman was an American journalist and newspaper publisher. He was the founder of the weekly newspaper Variety in New York City in 1905, which gave theatre and vaudeville reviews and the Hollywood-based Daily Variety magazine in 1933, focusing on the emerging motion picture film industry.

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22/09/1919

Alajos Gáspár, Hungarian-Slovene author and poet (born 1848)

Alajos Gáspár was a Hungarian Slovene writer.

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22/09/1917

John Henry Knight, English engineer (born 1847)

John Henry Knight, from Farnham, was a wealthy engineer, landowner and inventor. With the help of the engineer George Parfitt he built one of Britain's first petrol-powered motor vehicles, Frederick Bremer of Walthamstow having built the first in 1892. On 17 October 1895, with his assistant James Pullinger, they drove through Farnham, Surrey, whereupon he was prosecuted for using a locomotive with neither a licence nor a man walking in front with a red flag. This is sometimes misreported as the first person to be convicted of speeding in the UK, but that sobriquet subsequently fell to Walter Arnold of East Peckham, Kent, in January 1896.

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22/09/1914

Alain-Fournier, French soldier and author (born 1886)

Henri-Alban Fournier, known by the pseudonym Alain-Fournier, was a French author and soldier. He was the author of a novel, Le Grand Meaulnes (1913), which has been filmed twice and is considered a classic of French literature. The book is based partly on his childhood.

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22/09/1881

Solomon L. Spink, American lawyer and politician (born 1831)

Solomon Lewis Spink was an American lawyer who served as a delegate for the Dakota Territory in the United States House of Representatives.

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22/09/1873

Friedrich Frey-Herosé, Swiss lawyer and politician (born 1801)

Friedrich Frey-Herosé was a Swiss politician.

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22/09/1872

Vladimir Dal, Russian lexicographer and linguist (born 1801)

Vladimir Ivanovich Dal was a Russian lexicographer, speaker of many languages, Turkologist, and founding member of the Russian Geographical Society. During his lifetime, he compiled and documented Russian oral traditions, many of which became part of modern folklore.

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22/09/1862

Frederick Townsend Ward, American sailor and mercenary (born 1831)

Frederick Townsend Ward was an American sailor and mercenary known for his military service in Imperial China during the Taiping Rebellion. He commanded the Ever Victorious Army, a joint Sino-foreign force, against the Taiping rebels. He remained in command of the Ever Victorious Army until his death in battle in 1862, after which leadership was taken over by Henry Andres Burgevine.

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22/09/1852

William Tierney Clark, English engineer, designed Hammersmith Bridge (born 1783)

William Tierney Clark FRS FRAS was an English civil engineer particularly associated with the design and construction of bridges. He was among the earliest designers of suspension bridges.

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22/09/1828

Shaka Zulu, Zulu chieftain and monarch of the Zulu Kingdom (born 1787)

Shaka kaSenzangakhona, also known as Shaka (the) Zulu and Sigidi kaSenzangakhona, was the king of the Zulu Kingdom from 1816 to 1828. One of the most influential monarchs of the Zulu, he ordered wide-reaching reforms that reorganized the military into a formidable force.

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22/09/1777

John Bartram, American botanist and explorer (born 1699)

John Bartram was an American botanist, horticulturist, and explorer, based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for most of his career. Swedish botanist and taxonomist Carl Linnaeus spoke of him as the "greatest natural botanist in the world." Bartram corresponded with and shared North American plants and seeds with a variety of scientists in England and Europe.

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22/09/1776

Nathan Hale, American soldier (born 1755)

Nathan Hale was an American Patriot, soldier, and spy for the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. He volunteered for an intelligence-gathering mission in New York City but was captured by the British and executed. Hale is considered an American hero and in 1985 was officially designated the state hero of Connecticut.

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22/09/1774

Pope Clement XIV (born 1705)

Pope Clement XIV, born Giovanni Vincenzo Antonio Ganganelli, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 19 May 1769 to his death in September 1774. At the time of his election, he was the only Franciscan friar in the College of Cardinals, having been a member of the Order of Friars Minor Conventual. He is the most recent pope to take the pontifical name of "Clement" upon his election.

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22/09/1756

Abu l-Hasan Ali I, ruler of Tunisia (born 1688)

Abu l-Hasan Ali I, commonly referred to as Ali I Bey ) was the second leader of the Husainid Dynasty and the ruler of Tunisia from 1735 to 1756.

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22/09/1711

William Bartram, English-born politician and settler (born 1674)

William Bartram was an English-born Quaker politician and settler who was a member of the Pennsylvania Provincial Assembly from Chester County in 1708. After settling in the Province of Carolina, he was killed in present-day North Carolina during the Tuscarora War in 1711. Bartram was the grandfather of the naturalist of the same name.

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22/09/1703

Vincenzo Viviani, Italian mathematician and physicist (born 1622)

Vincenzo Viviani was an Italian mathematician and scientist. He was a pupil of Torricelli and Galileo.

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22/09/1692

Martha Corey, American woman accused of witchcraft (born 1620)

Martha Corey was accused and convicted of witchcraft during the Salem witch trials, on September 9, 1692, and was hanged on September 22, 1692. Her second husband, Giles Corey, was also accused and killed.

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22/09/1662

John Biddle, English minister and theologian (born 1615)

John Biddle or Bidle was an influential English nontrinitarian, and Unitarian. He is often called "the Father of English Unitarianism".

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22/09/1607

Alessandro Allori, Italian painter and educator (born 1535)

Alessandro di Cristofano di Lorenzo del Bronzino Allori was an Italian painter of the late Mannerist Florentine school.

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22/09/1598

Gabriel Spenser, English actor (born c. 1578)

Gabriel Spenser, also spelt Spencer, was an Elizabethan actor. He is best known for episodes of violence culminating in his death in a duel at the hands of the playwright Ben Jonson.

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22/09/1576

Walter Devereux, 1st Earl of Essex (born 1541)

Walter Devereux, 1st Earl of Essex, was an English nobleman and general. From 1573 until his death he fought in Ireland in connection with the Plantations of Ireland, most notably the Rathlin Island massacre. He was the father of Robert, 2nd Earl of Essex, who was Elizabeth I's favourite during her later years.

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22/09/1566

Johannes Agricola, German theologian and academic (born 1494)

Johann or Johannes Agricola was a German Protestant Reformer during the Protestant Reformation. He was a follower and friend of Martin Luther, who became his antagonist in the matter of the binding obligation of the law on Christians.

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22/09/1554

Francisco Vázquez de Coronado, Spanish explorer (born 1510)

Francisco Vázquez de Coronado was a Spanish conquistador and explorer who led a large expedition from what is now Mexico to present-day Kansas through what is now parts of the southwestern United States between 1540 and 1542. Vázquez de Coronado had hoped to reach the Cities of Cíbola, often referred to now as the mythical Seven Cities of Gold. His expedition marked the first European sightings of the Grand Canyon and the Colorado River, among other landmarks. His name is often Anglicized as Vasquez de Coronado or just Coronado.

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22/09/1539

Guru Nanak, Sikh religious leader, founded Sikhism (born 1469)

Gurū Nānak, also known as Bābā Nānak, was an Indian spiritual teacher, mystic and poet, who is regarded as the founder of Sikhism and is the first of the ten Sikh Gurus.

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22/09/1531

Louise of Savoy, French regent (born 1476)

Louise of Savoy was a French noble and regent, Duchess suo jure of Auvergne and Bourbon, Duchess of Nemours and the mother of King Francis I and Marguerite of Navarre. She was politically active and served as the regent of France in 1515, in 1525–1526 and in 1529, during the absence of her son.

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22/09/1520

Selim I, Ottoman sultan (born 1465)

Selim I, also known as Selim the Grim or Selim the Resolute, was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520. Despite lasting only eight years, his reign is notable for the enormous expansion of the Empire, particularly his conquest between 1516 and 1517 of the entire Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt, which included all of the Levant, Hejaz, Tihamah and Egypt itself. On the eve of his death in 1520, the Ottoman Empire spanned about 3.4 million km2 (1.3 million sq mi), having grown by seventy percent during Selim's reign.

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22/09/1482

Philibert I, Duke of Savoy (born 1465)

Philibert I, surnamed the Hunter, was the son of Amadeus IX, Duke of Savoy and Yolande of Valois. Philibert was Duke of Savoy from 1472 to 1482.

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22/09/1457

Peter II, Duke of Brittany (born 1418)

Peter II (1418–1457), was Duke of Brittany, Count of Montfort and titular earl of Richmond, from 1450 to his death. He was son of Duke John VI and Joan of France, and a younger brother of Francis I.

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22/09/1408

John VII Palaiologos, Byzantine Emperor (born 1370)

John VII Palaiologos or Palaeologus was Byzantine emperor for five months in 1390, from 14 April to 17 September. A handful of sources suggest that John VII sometimes used the name Andronikos, possibly to honour the memory of his father, Andronikos IV Palaiologos, though he reigned under his birth name.

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22/09/1399

Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, English politician, Earl Marshal of The United Kingdom (born 1366)

Thomas Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, KG was an English landowner and peer. His family was a venerable one, and by the time Thomas reached adulthood, they were extremely influential in national politics. He claimed a direct bloodline from King Edward I. His father died when Thomas and his elder brother were young. John soon died, and Thomas inherited the Earldom of Nottingham. He had probably been friends with the king, Richard II, since he was young, and as a result, he was a royal favourite, a role he greatly profited from. He accompanied Richard on his travels around the kingdom and was elected to the Order of the Garter. Richard's lavish dispersal of his patronage made him unpopular with parliament and other members of the English nobility, and Mowbray fell out badly with the king's uncle, John of Gaunt.

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22/09/1345

Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster, English politician, Lord High Steward (born 1281)

Henry, 3rd Earl of Leicester and Lancaster was a grandson of King Henry III of England (1216–1272) and was one of the principals behind the deposition of King Edward II (1307–1327), his first cousin.

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22/09/1253

Dōgen, Japanese monk and philosopher (born 1200)

Dōgen Zenji was a Japanese Zen Buddhist monk, writer, poet, philosopher, and founder of the Sōtō school of Zen in Japan. He is also known as Dōgen Kigen (道元希玄), Eihei Dōgen (永平道元), Kōso Jōyō Daishi (高祖承陽大師), and Busshō Dentō Kokushi (仏性伝東国師).

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22/09/1174

Uchtred, Lord of Galloway (born c. 1120)

Uhtred mac Fergus was Lord of Galloway from 1161 to 1174, ruling jointly with his brother Gille Brigte (Gilbert). They were sons of Fergus of Galloway; it was believed that they were half brothers, but Duncan of Carrick was addressed as cousin by the English King, as was Uchtred.. Their mother's name is not known for sure, but she must have been one of the many illegitimate daughters of Henry I of England, most likely Elizabeth Fitzroy.

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22/09/1158

Otto of Freising, German bishop and chronicler (born c. 1114)

Otto of Freising was a German churchman of the Cistercian order and chronicled at least two texts which carry valuable information on the political history of his own time. He was the bishop of Freising from 1138. Otto participated in the Second Crusade; he lived through the journey and reached Jerusalem, and later returned to Bavaria in the late 1140s, living for another decade back in Europe.

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22/09/1072

Ouyang Xiu, Chinese historian, poet, and politician (born 1007)

Ouyang Xiu, courtesy name Yongshu, also known by his art names Zuiweng (醉翁) and Liu Yi Jushi (六一居士), was a Chinese historian, calligrapher, epigrapher, essayist, poet, and politician of the Song dynasty. He was a renowned writer among his contemporaries and is considered the central figure of the Eight Masters of the Tang and Song. He revived the Classical Prose Movement and promoted it in imperial examinations, paving the way for future masters like Su Shi and Su Zhe.

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22/09/0967

Wichmann II, Frankish nobleman

Wichmann II the Younger was a member of the Saxon House of Billung. He was a son of Count Wichmann the Elder and his wife Frederuna, a niece of Queen Matilda. The cousin of Emperor Otto I became known as a fierce enemy of the ruling Ottonian dynasty.

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22/09/0904

Zhao Zong, emperor of the Tang Dynasty (born 867)

Emperor Zhaozong of Tang, né Li Jie, name later changed to Li Min and again to Li Ye, was the penultimate emperor of China's Tang dynasty. He reigned from 888 to 904. Emperor Zhaozong was the seventh son of Emperor Yizong and younger brother of Emperor Xizong. Later, Li Jie was murdered by Zhu Wen, who would later become the founding emperor of the Later Liang dynasty.

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22/09/0530

Pope Felix IV

Pope Felix IV was the bishop of Rome from 12 July 526 to his death on 22 September 530. He was the chosen candidate of Ostrogoth King Theodoric the Great, who had imprisoned Felix's predecessor, John I.

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22/09/0189

He Jin, Chinese general and regent (born 135)

He Jin, courtesy name Suigao, was a Chinese military general and politician of the Eastern Han dynasty, serving as military Grand Marshal and regent. He was an elder half-brother of Empress He, and a maternal uncle of Emperor Shao. In 189, he and his sister shared power as regents when the young Emperor Shao was put on the throne following Emperor Ling's death. During the time, the conflict between He Jin and the influential eunuch faction intensified. After they overheard a conversation between He Jin and the empress dowager, the eunuch faction lured him into a trap in the imperial palace and assassinated him. While He Jin's subordinates, led by Yuan Shao, slaughtered the eunuch faction in revenge, Dong Zhuo took advantage of the power vacuum to enter the imperial capital Luoyang and seize control of the Han central government. Dong Zhuo's seizure of control and the subsequent breakdown of central command that followed brought forth the beginning of massive civil wars that lasted for nearly a century, during which time the Han dynasty came to an end and the Three Kingdoms period began in its place.

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