Saturday, 11th April 2026 in Lisbon
Welcome to your daily snapshot of Lissabon! It's World Parkinson's Day. Explore 56 historical events, birthdays, deaths, and milestones that shaped this day in Lissabon. From remarkable moments in local and world history to the people who left their mark — find out what makes today special. Today's weather in Lissabon brings cloudy with temperatures between 10°C and 16°C. Tonight's moon is in its first quarter phase, and the zodiac sign of the day is Aries. If you're curious about the history of a day — this page brings together everything worth knowing about this Saturday, 11th April in Lissabon, PT.

Lisbon, Portugal's capital, sits on the Tagus estuary with a history spanning over two millennia as a major European port and cultural centre. On Saturday, 11 April 2026, the city experiences cloudy conditions. The date falls under the Aries zodiac sign, and the moon is in its first quarter phase.
On this day
On 11 April 1951, President Harry S. Truman made the decisive move to relieve General Douglas MacArthur of his commands during the Korean War. This action stemmed from MacArthur's public statements that contradicted the administration's policies, marking a significant moment in post-war American civil-military relations. The same year, the Stone of Scone, which Scottish students had removed months earlier, was discovered on the altar of Arbroath Abbey in Scotland, returning the symbolic object to British soil amid considerable public interest.
In 1968, Rudi Dutschke, the prominent figurehead of the German student movement, survived an assassination attempt that catalysed unprecedented protests across the country. The shooting sparked the largest demonstrations Germany had witnessed to that date, reflecting growing social and political tensions of the era. These events underscore 11 April as a date marked by pivotal moments in twentieth-century history across multiple continents.
World Parkinson's Day
World Parkinson's Day, observed on 11 April, marks the birth date of James Parkinson, the British physician who first described the condition in 1817. The day aims to raise awareness about the neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions worldwide and to support patients, carers and researchers. The date has been designated by international Parkinson's organisations to promote understanding of symptoms, treatment options and the impact of the disease on individuals and families. Since its establishment, the day has grown into a global initiative with events and campaigns conducted across numerous countries.
DayAtlas provides detailed weather information for any given date and location, alongside historical events, notable births and deaths. Users can explore what occurred on specific days throughout history and discover how particular dates have shaped our world.
Find out what's happening today in Lissabon.
What the Weather Had in Store for Lissabon on 11th April 2026
Silence speaks louder than explanation ever could.
Fortune of the Day
11th April in the Stars – Star Sign Aries
Personality Profile
Personality Those born on 11 April blend Aries drive with radiant Sun influence. They radiate natural vitality and attract others through genuine self-expression. Their directness and pioneering spirit make them inspiring figures in any environment.
Strengths & Weaknesses Their strengths include courage, assertiveness, and creative action. Impulsivity and impatience can lead to hasty decisions. Developing patience helps them channel energy more effectively toward lasting results.
Love These natives love intensely and seek partners who match their passion. They bring liveliness to relationships but may seem restless. Partners with their own ambitions earn deep respect and loyalty.
Caree & Finance They thrive in roles requiring initiative and quick decision-making. Entrepreneurial inclinations are strong and natural. Financial impulsiveness needs conscious planning to build sustainable wealth.
Health Their high energy demands regular physical activity. Combat sports or intense training suit them well. Monitoring overexertion and ensuring adequate rest protects long-term vitality.
That night, the moon was in its first quarter phase.
Chinese year of the Horse (Fire).
Fun Facts About 11th April
Name Days in Your Language: Alger, Algernon, Ari, Ariel, Arielle, Arion, Leo, Leon, Leona, Leonel, Leontine, Lionel
Someone born on this day would be just 53 days old today — roughly 1,285 hours, 77,144 minutes, or 4,628,699 seconds spent on Earth so far.
It's the 101. day of the year. In 2026, 11th April falls on a Saturday.
There are 264 days still to come.
We’re currently in Week 15 — the year marches on.
Famous Birthdays on 11th April
On this day, 226 notable people were born on 11th April — spanning from 145 to 2014. From world leaders to artists and scientists, discover who shares this birthday.
11/04/2014
Arabella Stanton, British actress, plays Hermione Granger
Arabella Sophie May Stanton is an English actress. In May 2025, she was confirmed to be cast as Hermione Granger in HBO's upcoming Harry Potter television series.
11/04/2005
Jack Hinshelwood, English footballer
Jack Luca Hinshelwood is an English professional footballer who plays for Premier League club Brighton & Hove Albion and the England under-21 national team.
Danielle Marsh, South Korean-Australian singer
Danielle June Marsh, known mononymously as Danielle (Korean: 다니엘), is an Australian and South Korean singer. She is known to be a former member of the South Korean girl group NewJeans.
11/04/2002
Jake Fraser-McGurk, Australian cricketer
Jake Matthew Fraser-McGurk is an Australian international cricketer who has represented the Australia national cricket team in ODI and T20I cricket. McGurk is a right-handed batsman who plays for South Australia, Melbourne Renegades, Delhi Capitals and the San Francisco Unicorns.
11/04/2001
Manuel Ugarte, Uruguayan footballer
Manuel Ugarte Ribeiro is a Uruguayan professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Premier League club Manchester United and the Uruguay national team. Primarily a defensive midfielder, he can also be played as a central midfielder.
11/04/2000
Calen Addison, Canadian ice hockey player
Calen Addison is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman for the Utica Comets of the American Hockey League (AHL) while under contract to the New Jersey Devils of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was selected by the Pittsburgh Penguins of the National Hockey League (NHL) in the second round, 53rd overall, of the in the 2018 NHL entry draft. He has previously played for the Minnesota Wild and San Jose Sharks.
Milly Alcock, Australian actress
Amelia May "Milly" Alcock is an Australian actress. She received an AACTA Award nomination for her performance in the Foxtel comedy-drama Upright (2019–2022). She gained wider recognition for starring as young Rhaenyra Targaryen in the HBO fantasy series House of the Dragon (2022–2024), for which she was nominated for a Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Drama Series.
Loïc Badé, French footballer
Loïc Séri Badé is a French professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Bundesliga club Bayer Leverkusen and the France national team.
Ken Carson, American rapper and record producer
Kenyatta Lee Bettis Frazier Jr., known professionally as Ken Carson, is an American rapper and record producer from Atlanta, Georgia. Carson initially gained attention for his SoundCloud releases and collaborations with fellow Atlanta rapper Destroy Lonely. In 2019, Carson signed with Playboi Carti's record label Opium, an imprint of Interscope Records, to release his debut studio album, Project X (2021).
Karina, South Korean singer
Yu Ji-min, known professionally as Karina (카리나), is a South Korean singer, rapper and dancer. She is a member and leader of the South Korean girl group Aespa, formed by SM Entertainment in November 2020. She is also a member of the supergroup Got the Beat, which debuted in January 2022.
11/04/1996
Dele Alli, English international footballer
Bamidele Jermaine "Dele" Alli is an English professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder and is currently a free agent.
Summer Walker, American singer-songwriter
Summer Marjani Walker is an American singer and songwriter. She signed with the Atlanta-based record label Love Renaissance, an imprint of Interscope Records, in late 2017 to release her debut commercial mixtape, Last Day of Summer (2018). Its lead single, "Girls Need Love", spawned a remix featuring Canadian rapper Drake, which became her first entry on the Billboard Hot 100. Her debut studio album, Over It (2019), was met with critical praise, peaked at number two on the Billboard 200 chart—briefly breaking the record for the biggest debut streaming week for a female R&B artist—and received triple platinum certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).
11/04/1994
Brandon Montour, Canadian ice hockey player
Brandon Montour is a Haudenosaunee-Canadian professional ice hockey player who is a defenceman for the Seattle Kraken of the National Hockey League (NHL). Montour was selected by the Anaheim Ducks in the second round, 55th overall, of the 2014 NHL entry draft. Montour won the Stanley Cup with the Panthers in 2024.
11/04/1993
Florin Andone, Romanian footballer
Florin Andone is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Segunda Federación club Atlético Baleares.
11/04/1992
Sinem Dybvad Demir, Danish politician
Sinem Dybvad Demir is a Danish politician and Member of the Folketing. A member of the Red–Green Alliance, she has represented North Zealand since March 2026.
11/04/1991
Thiago Alcântara, Spanish footballer
Thiago Alcântara do Nascimento, known as Thiago Alcântara or mononymously as Thiago, is a former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He is currently the assistant manager of La Liga club Barcelona. Born in Italy, he played for the Spain national team.
Cédric Bakambu, Congolese footballer
Cédric Bakambu is a professional footballer who plays as a forward or a winger for La Liga club Real Betis and the DR Congo national team.
Brennan Poole, American racing driver
Brennan Cole Poole is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series, driving the No. 44 Chevrolet Camaro SS for Alpha Prime Racing. He was formerly a development driver for Venturini Motorsports from 2011 to 2014 as well as for Chip Ganassi Racing from 2015 to 2017.
11/04/1990
Dimitrios Anastasopoulos, Greek footballer
Dimitrios Anastasopoulos is a Greek professional footballer who plays for Fostiras Ilioupoli as a midfielder.
Thulani Serero, South African footballer
Thulani Caleb Serero is a South African soccer player who plays as a midfielder for Cape Town City and the South African national team.
11/04/1989
Torrin Lawrence, American sprinter (died 2014)
Torrin Lawrence was an American sprinter who competed in the 400 meters. He ran for the University of Georgia.
11/04/1988
Milton Casco, Argentine footballer
Milton Óscar Casco is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as left-back for Atlético Nacional.
Leland Irving, Canadian ice hockey player
Leland Bruce Irving is a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender, currently an unrestricted free agent. He most recently played for HC Lugano in the National League (NL). He was a first-round selection of the Calgary Flames, 26th overall at the 2006 NHL entry draft, and played parts of two National Hockey League (NHL) seasons with the team. He made his NHL debut on December 16, 2011, in a shootout loss to the Florida Panthers and won his first NHL game one week later in his second start, against the Vancouver Canucks.
11/04/1987
Joss Stone, English singer-songwriter and actress[citation needed]
Joscelyn Eve Stoker, known professionally as Joss Stone, is an English singer, songwriter and actress. She rose to prominence in late 2003 with her multi-platinum debut album, The Soul Sessions, which made the 2004 Mercury Prize shortlist. Her second album, Mind Body & Soul (2004), topped the UK Albums Chart and spawned the top-ten single "You Had Me", Stone's most successful single on the UK Singles Chart to date. Both the album and single received one nomination at the 2005 Grammy Awards, while Stone herself was nominated for Best New Artist, and in an annual BBC poll of music critics, Sound of 2004, was ranked fifth as a predicted breakthrough act of 2004. She became the youngest British female singer to top the UK Albums Chart. Stone's third album, Introducing Joss Stone, released in March 2007, achieved gold record status by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and yielded the second-ever highest debut for a British female solo artist on the Billboard 200, and became Stone's first top-five album in the US.
Lights, Canadian singer-songwriter[citation needed]
Lights Valerie Anne Poxleitner-Bokan, known mononymously as Lights, is a Canadian musician, singer, and songwriter. Her debut album, The Listening (2009), reached the top 10 on the Billboard Canadian Albums chart and was certified platinum by the Canadian Recording Industry Association (CRIA) for selling over 80,000 copies as of 2017. The album included the singles "Drive My Soul" and "February Air" which were featured in a series of Old Navy television ads. Her second album, Siberia, which featured the single "Toes", was released in 2011. A more dubstep influenced record, Siberia has received generally positive reviews from music critics and achieved moderate success, entering the top 50 on the Billboard 200 and selling more than 10,000 units in its first week.
11/04/1986
Sarodj Bertin, Haitian model and human rights lawyer
Sarodj Bertin Durocher is a Haitian lawyer and beauty pageant titleholder.
Lena Schöneborn, German pentathlete
Lena Schöneborn is a German pentathlete, who won the gold medal in the Modern Pentathlon at the 2008 Summer Olympics. She is living in Berlin and besides Pentathlon she is studying marketing. She won gold at the Women's Final of the Modern Pentathlon European Championships 2011, held in Medway.
11/04/1985
Pablo Hernández Domínguez, Spanish footballer
Pablo Hernández Domínguez is a Spanish professional football manager and former player who played as an attacking midfielder or winger. He is the head coach of Segunda División club Castellón.
11/04/1984
Kelli Garner, American actress
Kelli Brianne Garner is an American actress who has appeared in a variety of independent and mainstream films, television, and theater.
Nikola Karabatić, French handball player
Nikola Karabatić is a French former professional handball player who was named IHF World Player of the Year a male record-tying three times, in 2007, 2014, and 2016. He is regarded as one of the greatest players in handball history.
11/04/1983
Jennifer Heil, Canadian skier
Jennifer Heil is a Canadian freestyle skier from Spruce Grove, Alberta. Heil started skiing at age two. Jennifer Heil won the first gold medal for Canada in the 2006 Winter Olympics games in Turin, Italy and a silver medal at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, which was also Canada's first medal in those games. Jennifer held the Guinness World Record for most gold medals won at a World Championship. She has four world championship titles in total and two silver medals from the Worlds as well. Over her career, Heil became the first mogul skier to complete the "Grand Slam" winning all major titles in the sport including a record-tying five overall FIS World Cup Crystal Globe titles. Jennifer is a member of the Canadian Order of Sport, Alberta Sports Hall of Fame and Pantheon des Sports du Québec, inducted as the winningest female skier in Canadian history.
Rubén Palazuelos, Spanish footballer
Rubén Palazuelos García is a Spanish footballer who plays for Tercera Federación club Vimenor as a defensive midfielder.
11/04/1982
Ian Bell, English cricketer[citation needed]
Ian Ronald Bell is an English former cricketer who played international cricket in all formats for the England cricket team and county cricket for Warwickshire County Cricket Club. A right-handed higher/middle order batsman, described in The Times as an "exquisite rapier," with a strong cover drive, Bell was also an occasional right-arm medium pace bowler and a slip fielder. He was also noted for his sharp reflexes and often fielded in close catching positions. He scored twenty-two Test centuries and four One Day International (ODI) 100s.
Peeter Kümmel, Estonian skier
Peeter Kümmel is an Estonian cross-country skier who has competed since 2001.
11/04/1981
Alessandra Ambrosio, Brazilian model[citation needed]
Alessandra Corine Ambrósio is a Brazilian model. She is known for her work with Victoria's Secret and was chosen as the first spokesmodel for the company's PINK line. She was a Victoria's Secret Angel from 2004 to 2017 and has modeled for fashion houses such as Christian Dior, Armani, Ralph Lauren, and Next.
Alexandre Burrows, Canadian ice hockey player
Alexandre Ménard-Burrows is a Canadian professional ice hockey coach and former player who is currently working as a player development consultant for the Montreal Canadiens of the National Hockey League (NHL). Playing as a left winger, he spent the majority of his career in the NHL with the Vancouver Canucks and was known as an agitator, before developing into a skilled, top line fixture. Burrows is also regarded for his remarkable ascension to the NHL from being an undrafted player in the ECHL.
Luis Flores, Dominican basketball player
Luis Alberto Flores is a Dominican former professional basketball player. He is a 6 ft 2 in tall point guard-shooting guard. He grew up in the United States, in the predominantly Dominican neighborhood of Washington Heights, in New York City, and attended Norman Thomas High School. Flores is a member of the senior Dominican Republic national basketball team. He was the 2009 top scorer in the Israel Basketball Premier League.
Veronica Pyke, Australian cricketer
Veronica Pyke is an Australian former cricketer who played for Tasmanian Roar and Hobart Hurricanes.
11/04/1980
Keiji Tamada, Japanese footballer
Keiji Tamada is a Japanese former professional footballer who played as a forward. As of 2024, he is the manager of Shohei High School's football team, who plays in the Prince Takamado JFA U-18 Premier League.
Mark Teixeira, American baseball player
Mark Charles Teixeira, nicknamed "Tex", is an American politician and former professional baseball first baseman who played 14 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Texas Rangers, Atlanta Braves, Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, and New York Yankees. Before his professional career, he played college baseball at Georgia Tech, where in 2000 he won the Dick Howser Trophy as the national collegiate baseball player of the year. One of the most prolific switch hitters in MLB history, Teixeira was a member of the Yankees' 27th World Series championship team in 2009, leading the American League (AL) in home runs and runs batted in (RBI) while finishing second in the Most Valuable Player Award (MVP) balloting. Teixeira was a three-time All-Star, won five Gold Glove Awards and three Silver Slugger Awards, and holds the major-league record for most games with a home run from both sides of the plate, with 14. He was the fifth switch hitter in MLB history to reach 400 home runs.
11/04/1979
Malcolm Christie, English footballer
Malcolm Neil Christie is an English former professional footballer who played as a striker.
Sebastien Grainger, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
Sebastien Alexandre Grainger is a Canadian musician, singer-songwriter, multi instrumentalist, and music producer based in Los Angeles, California. He is best known as the lead vocalist, drummer and songwriter of the alternative rock duo Death from Above 1979.
Michel Riesen, Swiss ice hockey player
Michel Riesen is a Swiss former professional ice hockey winger. Most of his career, which lasted from 1994 to 2014, was spent in the Swiss Nationalliga A, though he also played 12 games in the National Hockey League with the Edmonton Oilers during the 2000–01 season. Internationally Riesen played for the Swiss national team in several junior tournaments and three World Championships. After retiring he turned to coaching and has worked at the junior level in Switzerland since 2015.
11/04/1977
Ivonne Teichmann, German runner
Ivonne Teichmann is a retired German athlete who specialised in the 800 metres.
11/04/1976
Marta Breen, Norwegian journalist, non-fiction writer, and organizational leader
Marta Breen is a Norwegian non-fiction writer, journalist, and organizational leader. Her books often center on women's history and feminism.
Kelvim Escobar, Venezuelan baseball player
Kelvim José Escobar Bolívar is a Venezuelan former professional baseball pitcher. He played for the Toronto Blue Jays (1997–2003) and Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim. He won 101 games, but his career was cut short by shoulder injuries.
Kotomitsuki Keiji, Japanese sumo wrestler
Kotomitsuki Keiji is a Japanese former professional sumo wrestler from Okazaki City. A former amateur champion, he turned professional in 1999. He reached the top makuuchi division in November 2000 and won one yūshō or tournament championship, in September 2001. He was a runner-up in eight other tournaments, and earned thirteen sanshō or special prizes. He is one of six wrestlers in the history of sumo to receive all three sanshō in the same tournament, accomplishing the feat in the November 2000 honbasho. After a record 22 tournaments at sekiwake, he achieved promotion to sumo's second highest rank of ōzeki in July 2007 upon winning 35 out of 45 bouts in three consecutive tournaments. This made him at 31 the oldest man to reach ōzeki in the modern era. He wrestled for Sadogatake stable. On July 4, 2010, he was expelled from professional sumo by the Japan Sumo Association for his involvement in an illegal gambling ring.
11/04/1974
Àlex Corretja, Spanish tennis player and coach
Àlex Corretja Verdegay is a Spanish former professional tennis player. He was ranked world No. 2 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) in 1999. Corretja won 17 ATP Tour singles titles, including the 1998 ATP World Tour Championships, and Masters titles at the 1997 Italian Open and 2000 Indian Wells Masters. He was twice a major runner-up at the French Open, in 1998 and 2001. Corretja played a key role in helping Spain win its first Davis Cup title in 2000. Corretja is one of only two players who are undefeated against Rafael Nadal after playing more than one match with him, holding a 2–0 head-to-head record.
Ashot Danielyan, Armenian weightlifter
Ashot Danielyan is a retired Armenian weightlifter.
David Jassy, Swedish singer-songwriter and producer
David Moses Jassy, is a Swedish musician, songwriter and music producer. With Andrés Avellán, he was part of a Swedish R&B hip hop duo, Navigators. After split up of the group, Jassy went on to writing music and producing a number of international acts such as Akon, Keith Sweat, Ayra Starr, Wale, odumodublvck, Oxlade, Alkaline, French Montana, YG Marley, Chloe Bailey, Ashley Tisdale, Britney Spears, Mariana Froes, Sean Kingston,Davido, Afro B, Snoh Aalegra, Arash, Eve, No Angels, Mohombi, Djodje, David Carreira,Darin, Navigators, Charice, Heidi Montag, Bayanni, singah, AV, Jizzle, Loreen, Petter, 1.cuz, Ant Wan and many more. He is the founder of Jassy World Entertainment, a music production and publishing company.
Tom Thacker, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
Thomas William Arnold Thacker, known by his stage name Brown Tom, is a Canadian musician, songwriter, singer, and record producer. He is the lead guitarist, lead singer and co-founder of the punk rock group Gob, as well as the former co-lead guitarist, keyboardist, and backing vocalist for Sum 41. Thacker formed Gob with Theo Goutzinakis in 1993. Following Dave Baksh's departure from Sum 41 on May 11, 2006, Thacker was recruited as their touring guitarist, and then became an official member in 2009. He had remained with Sum 41 ever since, up until the group's disbandment in 2025.
Trot Nixon, American baseball player and sportscaster
Christopher Trotman "Trot" Nixon, nicknamed "Dirt Dog" is an American former professional baseball right fielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1996 through 2008, primarily with the Boston Red Sox from 1996 through 2006, where he was a fan favorite for his scrappy play. With the Red Sox, he won the 2004 World Series. His career wound down with limited appearances for the Cleveland Indians in 2007 and the New York Mets in 2008. He currently serves as co-host/analyst for "The 5th Quarter," a high school football highlight show on WWAY-TV in his hometown of Wilmington, North Carolina.
11/04/1973
Olivier Magne, French rugby player
Olivier Claude C. Magne is a French former rugby union footballer and a current coach.
Jennifer Esposito, American actress and writer
Jennifer Esposito is an American actress and director. She is known for her roles in the feature films Summer of Sam (1999), Don't Say a Word (2001), The Master of Disguise (2002), Welcome to Collinwood (2002), Crash (2004), Taxi (2004), and Mob Town (2019). She has also appeared in several television series, most notably The Looney Tunes Show, Spin City, Related, Samantha Who?, Blue Bloods, and Mistresses. From 2016 to 2017, she played Special Agent Alexandra Quinn on the CBS series NCIS, while from 2019 to 2020, she played CIA Deputy Director Susan Raynor in the Amazon series The Boys.
11/04/1972
Balls Mahoney, American wrestler (died 2016)
Jonathan Rechner, better known by his ring name Balls Mahoney, was an American professional wrestler best known for his appearances with Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) and World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE).
Allan Théo, French singer
Allan Théo is a French singer, particularly well known for his 1998 single "Emmène-moi", which peaked at No. 6.
Jason Varitek, American baseball player and manager
Jason Andrew Varitek, nicknamed "Tek", is an American professional baseball coach and former catcher. He was most recently the game planning coordinator, a uniformed coaching position, for the Boston Red Sox of Major League Baseball (MLB). After being traded as a minor league prospect by the Seattle Mariners, Varitek played his entire 15-year career for the Red Sox. A three-time All-Star and Gold Glove Award winner at catcher, as well as a Silver Slugger Award winner, Varitek was part of the 2004 World Series and 2007 World Series Championship teams, and widely viewed as one of the team's leaders. In December 2004 he was named the captain of the Red Sox, only their fourth captain since 1923. He was a switch-hitter.
11/04/1971
Oliver Riedel, German bass player
Oliver "Ollie" Riedel is a German musician, best known as one of the founders and the bassist of Neue Deutsche Härte band Rammstein.
11/04/1970
Trevor Linden, Canadian ice hockey player and manager
Trevor John Linden is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player and former president of hockey operations and alternate governor of the Vancouver Canucks. He spent 19 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL), playing centre and right wing with four teams: the Vancouver Canucks, New York Islanders, Montreal Canadiens and Washington Capitals. Before joining the NHL in 1988, Linden helped the Medicine Hat Tigers of the Western Hockey League (WHL) win consecutive Memorial Cup championships. In addition to appearing in two NHL All-Star Games, Linden was a member of the 1998 Canadian Olympic team and participated in the 1996 World Cup of Hockey.
Whigfield, Danish singer and songwriter
Sannie Charlotte Carlson, also known as Whigfield, Sannie, or Naan, is an Italian-Danish singer, former model, songwriter, and record producer. She is best known for her 1993 single "Saturday Night", which became an international hit the following year.
11/04/1969
Cerys Matthews, Welsh singer-songwriter
Cerys Elizabeth Matthews is a Welsh singer, songwriter, author, and broadcaster. She was a founding member of Welsh rock band Catatonia and a leading figure in the "Cool Cymru" movement of the late 1990s.
Dustin Rhodes, American wrestler
Dustin Patrick Runnels is an American professional wrestler. He is signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW), in which he performs under the ring name Dustin Rhodes and is a former AEW TNT Champion. He also appears in AEW's sister promotion Ring of Honor (ROH), where is a member of the Sons of Texas stable. In ROH, Rhodes is a former ROH World Six-Man Tag Team Champions alongside Sons of Texas stablemates Marshall and Ross Von Erich.
Michael von Grünigen, Swiss skier
Michael von Grünigen is a Swiss former alpine skier. He is considered to be the most successful Giant slalom skier of his era: In 1996, 1997, 1999 and 2003, he won the World Cup in Giant slalom. In 1997 and 2001, he was World Champion in giant slalom. He took a total of 23 World Cup wins during his career. Having originally announced his retirement at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, after failing to medal at the Games he elected to delay his retirement for a year, ending his competitive career in 2003.
11/04/1968
Sergei Lukyanenko, Kazakh-Russian journalist and author
Sergei Vasilyevich Lukyanenko is a Russian science fiction and fantasy author, writing in Russian. His works often feature intense action-packed plots, interwoven with the moral dilemma of keeping one's humanity while being strong. Some of his works have been adapted into film productions, for which he wrote the screenplays.
11/04/1966
Steve Scarsone, American baseball player and manager
Steven Wayne Scarsone is an American former professional baseball infielder and former minor league manager. He serves on the Oakland Athletics' Player Development staff as travelling minor league instructor. He played all or parts of seven seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) between 1992 and 1999 for the Philadelphia Phillies, Baltimore Orioles, San Francisco Giants, St. Louis Cardinals, and Kansas City Royals.
Shin Seung-hun, South Korean singer-songwriter
Shin Seung-hun is a South Korean singer-songwriter who was known in the 1990s as the "Emperor of Ballads". He debuted in 1990 with the hit song, "Reflection of You in Your Smile", and has since released 12 studio albums. Before 2020, he held the record for the most albums sold by one artist in South Korea with 17 million albums sold over his career.
Lisa Stansfield, English singer-songwriter and actress
Lisa Jane Stansfield is an English singer, songwriter, and actress. Her career began in 1980 when she won the singing competition Search for a Star. After appearances in various television shows and releasing her first singles, Stansfield, along with Ian Devaney and Andy Morris, formed Blue Zone in 1983. The band released several singles and one album, but after the success of Coldcut's "People Hold On" in 1989, on which Stansfield was featured, the focus was placed on her solo career.
11/04/1964
Steve Azar, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
Stephen Thomas Azar is an American country music singer, songwriter, guitarist, and philanthropist. Active since 1996, he has released a total of seven studio albums: one on the former River North Records, one on Mercury Nashville, and five independently. Azar has charted nine times on Billboard Hot Country Songs, most successfully with his late 2001-early 2002 hit "I Don't Have to Be Me ", which reached the number two position there. After leaving Mercury in 2005, Azar began recording independently; Slide On Over Here, his second independently-released album, charted the top-40 country singles "Moo La Moo" and "Sunshine " in 2009.
John Cryer, English journalist and politician
John Robert Cryer, Baron Cryer, is a British politician. A member of the Labour Party, he was previously the Member of Parliament (MP) for Hornchurch from 1997 to 2005 and the MP for Leyton and Wanstead from 2010 to 2024. Cryer was Chair of the Parliamentary Labour Party from 2015 to 2024, and was a lord-in-waiting in the House of Lords from 2024 until 2025.
Johann Sebastian Paetsch, American cellist
Johann Sebastian Paetsch is an American cellist and musician.
Bret Saberhagen, American baseball player and coach
Bret William Saberhagen is an American former professional baseball right-handed starting pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Kansas City Royals, New York Mets, Colorado Rockies, and Boston Red Sox from 1984 through 1999, and a comeback in 2001.
Patrick Sang, Kenyan runner
Patrick Sang is a Kenyan running coach and retired steeplechase runner.
11/04/1963
Billy Bowden, New Zealand cricketer and umpire
Brent Fraser "Billy" Bowden is a New Zealand cricket umpire and former cricketer. He was a player until rheumatoid arthritis forced him to retire. He is well known for his dramatic signalling style which includes the famous "crooked finger of doom" out signal. On 6 February 2016, Bowden stood in his 200th One Day International match in the game between New Zealand and Australia in Wellington.
Waldemar Fornalik, Polish footballer and manager
Waldemar Fornalik is a Polish professional football manager and former player who is currently the manager of I liga club Ruch Chorzów. A one-club man, he spent his entire playing career with Ruch. From July 2012 to October 2013, he managed the Poland national team.
Elizabeth Smylie, Australian tennis player
Elizabeth Smylie, sometimes known as Liz Smylie, is an Australian sports broadcaster and retired professional tennis player. During her career, she won four Grand Slam titles, one in women's doubles and three in mixed doubles. She also won three singles titles and 36 doubles titles on the tour. Liz also taught junior tennis players at Smith's Tennis Center, North Curl Curl. Sydney in the early 1990s.
Eleni Tsaligopoulou, Greek singer
Eleni Tsaligopoulou is a Greek singer who, in the course of a 30-year career, has maintained a position as one of her country's best-selling recording artists.
11/04/1962
Franck Ducheix, French fencer
Franck Ducheix is a French fencer. He won a silver medal in the team sabre at the 1984 Summer Olympics and a bronze in the same event at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
Mark Lawson, English journalist and author
Mark Gerard Lawson is an English journalist, broadcaster and author. Specialising in culture and the arts, he is best known for presenting the flagship BBC Radio 4 arts programme Front Row between 1998 and 2014. He is also a Guardian columnist, and presented Mark Lawson Talks To... on BBC Four from 2006 to 2015.
11/04/1961
Vincent Gallo, American actor, director, producer, and musician
Vincent Gallo is an American actor, filmmaker, and musician. He has won several accolades, including a Volpi Cup for Best Actor, and has been nominated for the Palme d'Or, the Golden Lion, and the Bronze Horse.
Doug Hopkins, American guitarist and songwriter (died 1993)
Douglas Owen Hopkins was an American musician and songwriter. He co-founded Gin Blossoms, a popular modern rock band of the early 1990s. He was the band's lead guitarist and principal songwriter. Hopkins' writing credits included the hits "Hey Jealousy" and "Found Out About You".
Nobuaki Kakuda, Japanese martial artist
Nobuaki Kakuda is a Japanese karateka, bodybuilder, and actor. He is also a former kickboxer and K-1 head referee.
11/04/1960
Jeremy Clarkson, English journalist and television presenter
Jeremy Charles Robert Clarkson is an English television presenter, journalist, farmer, and author who specialises in motoring. He is best known for hosting the motoring television programmes Top Gear (1988–2000) and Top Gear (2002–2015) and The Grand Tour (2016–2024) alongside Richard Hammond and James May. He also currently writes weekly columns for The Sunday Times and The Sun. Clarkson hosts the ITV game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? (2018–present), and stars in the farming documentary show Clarkson's Farm (2021–present).
11/04/1959
Pierre Lacroix, Canadian ice hockey player
Pierre Lacroix is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman who played 274 National Hockey League games for the Quebec Nordiques and the Hartford Whalers. He is the father of Maxime Lacroix. As a youth, he played in the 1971 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with a minor ice hockey team from Sainte-Foy.
Ana María Polo, Cuban-American lawyer and judge
Ana María Polo González is a Cuban-American lawyer and television personality, best known as an arbitrator on the Spanish-language court show Caso Cerrado and the Anglophone spin-off counterpart Ana Polo Rules.
Zahid Maleque, Bangladeshi politician
Zahid Maleque is a Bangladesh Awami League politician and a former minister of health and family welfare. He is a former Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Manikganj-3 constituency during 2009–2024.
11/04/1958
Stuart Adamson, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2001)
William Stuart Adamson was a Scottish rock guitarist and singer. Adamson began his career in the late 1970s as a founder and performer with the punk rock band Skids. After leaving Skids in 1981, he formed Big Country and was the band's lead singer and guitarist. The group's commercial heyday was in the 1980s. In the 1990s, he was a member of the alternative country band the Raphaels. In the late 1970s the British music journalist John Peel referred to his musical virtuosity as a guitarist as "a new Jimi Hendrix".
Lyudmila Kondratyeva, Russian sprinter
Lyudmila Andreyevna Kondratyeva is a Russian former track and field athlete, who competed for the Soviet Union and is the 1980 Olympic 100 m champion.
Wayne Wigham, Australian rugby league player
Wayne Wigham is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1970s and 1980s. He played most of his career at the Balmain Tigers, but he also played for the North Sydney Bears and Western Suburbs Magpies. He mostly played as a centre, but also played the occasional game on the wing.
11/04/1957
Tessa Dahl, daughter of Roald Dahl and Patricia Neal
Chantal Sophia "Tessa" Dahl is a British author and former actress. She is the daughter of British-Norwegian author Roald Dahl and American actress Patricia Neal.
11/04/1955
Kevin Brady, American lawyer and politician
Kevin Patrick Brady is an American politician who served as the U.S. representative for Texas's 8th congressional district from 1997 to 2023. He is a member of the Republican Party. The district includes northern Houston, including The Woodlands. He retired in 2022.
Michael Callen, American singer-songwriter and AIDS activist (died 1993)
Michael Callen was an American singer, songwriter, composer, author, and AIDS activist. Callen was diagnosed with AIDS in 1982 and became a pioneer of AIDS activism in New York City, working closely with his doctor, Dr. Joseph Sonnabend, and Richard Berkowitz. Together, they published articles and pamphlets to raise awareness about the correlation between risky sexual behaviors and AIDS.
Micheal Ray Richardson, American basketball player and coach (died 2025)
Michael Ray Richardson, known by the nickname "Sugar", was an American professional basketball player and head coach. He played college basketball for the Montana Grizzlies. The fourth overall pick in the 1978 NBA draft, Richardson played in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for eight years with the New York Knicks, Golden State Warriors, and New Jersey Nets. He was a four-time NBA All-Star and two-time NBA All-Defensive First Team selection who led the league in steals in three seasons.
11/04/1954
Abdullah Atalar, Turkish engineer and academic
Abdullah Atalar is a Turkish engineer and academician, who is a professor at Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering at Bilkent University. From 2010 to 2022, he served as the rector of Bilkent University. He received B.S. degree from Middle East Technical University, in 1974, M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Stanford University in 1976 and 1978, respectively, all in Electrical Engineering. His thesis work was on reflection acoustic microscopy.
Aleksandr Averin, Azerbaijani cyclist and coach
Aleksandr Dmitriyevich Averin is a retired Soviet cyclist. He competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in the road race and finished in 17th place. He won the multistage Peace Race individually in 1978 and with the Soviet team in 1977–1979.
Francis Lickerish, English guitarist and composer
John Francis Lickerish, known professionally as Francis Lickerish, is a British composer, guitarist and lutenist, and founding member of British art-rock band The Enid.
David Perrett, Scottish psychologist and academic
David Ian Perrett is a professor of psychology at the University of St Andrews in Scotland, where he leads the Perception Lab. The main focus in his team's research is on face perception, including facial cues to health, effects of physiological conditions on facial appearance, and facial preferences in social settings such as trust games and mate choice. He has published over 400 peer-reviewed articles, many of which appearing in leading scientific journals such as the Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B—Biological Sciences, Psychological Science, and Nature.
Ian Redmond, English biologist and conservationist
Ian Michael Redmond OBE FZS FLS is a tropical field biologist and conservationist. Renowned for his work with mountain gorillas and elephants, Redmond has been involved in more than 50 documentaries on the subject for, among others, the BBC, National Geographic and the Discovery Channel. Redmond was also involved in the 1988 film Gorillas in the Mist, spending some time with Sigourney Weaver so she could better understand her character.
Willie Royster, American baseball player (died 2015)
Willie Arthur Royster was an American professional baseball player. The catcher spent eleven seasons in minor league baseball, with a brief, four-game Major League trial for the 1981 Baltimore Orioles. He threw and batted right-handed, stood 5 feet 11 inches (1.80 m) tall and weighed 180 pounds (82 kg).
11/04/1953
Guy Verhofstadt, Belgian politician, 47th Prime Minister of Belgium
Guy Maurice Marie Louise Verhofstadt is a Belgian politician who served as the prime minister of Belgium from 1999 to 2008. He was a member of the European Parliament (MEP) from Belgium from 2009 until 2024. Verhofstadt was a member of the Belgian Chamber of Representatives from 1985 to 2009. He served as deputy prime minister of Belgium and minister of Budget from 1985 to 1992. He was the prime minister of Belgium from 1999 to 2008. During this period, he gradually moved away from neoliberalism and became more of a centrist figure.
Andrew Wiles, English mathematician and academic
Sir Andrew John Wiles is an English mathematician and a Royal Society Research Professor at the University of Oxford, specialising in number theory. He is best known for proving Fermat's Last Theorem, for which he was awarded the 2016 Abel Prize and the 2017 Copley Medal and for which he was appointed a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 2000. In 2018, Wiles was appointed the first Regius Professor of Mathematics at Oxford. Wiles is also a 1997 MacArthur Fellow.
11/04/1952
Nancy Honeytree, American singer and guitarist
Nancy Honeytree is an American Christian musician and one of the leaders in what was known as Jesus music.
Indira Samarasekera, Sri Lankan engineer and academic
Indira Vasanti Samarasekera is the former president and former vice-chancellor of the University of Alberta. She has been a member of the Independent Advisory Board for Senate Appointments, which advises on appointments to the Senate of Canada, since 2016.
Peter Windsor, English-Australian journalist and sportscaster
Peter David Windsor < is a Formula One journalist and former Formula One team and sponsorship manager.
11/04/1951
Paul Fox, English singer and guitarist (died 2007)
Paul Richard Fox was a British singer and guitarist, best known from his work with the UK punk band, The Ruts. The Ruts' style combined punk with dub reggae, a sound that owed much to Fox's guitar skills and earned him respect and admiration. The Guardian noted in his obituary: "Fox played a pivotal songwriting role, and quickly became a model punk guitarist at a time when the three-chord thrash was the height of many of his contemporaries' ambitions". Unlike many of his peers, Fox had been playing guitar since the mid-1960s, citing Hendrix as an influence.
11/04/1950
Bill Irwin, American actor and clown
William Mills Irwin is an American actor, choreographer, clown, and comedian. He began as a vaudeville-style stage performer and has been noted for his contribution to the renaissance of American circus during the 1970s. He has made a number of appearances on film and television, and he won a Tony Award for his role in Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? He also worked as a choreographer on Broadway and was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Choreography in 1989 for Largely New York. He is also known as Mr. Noodle on the Sesame Street segment Elmo's World, and he appeared in the Sesame Street film short Does Air Move Things? He has regularly appeared as Dr. Peter Lindstrom on Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, and had a recurring role as "The Dick & Jane Killer" on CSI: Crime Scene Investigation. From 2017 to 2019, he appeared as Cary Loudermilk on the FX television series Legion.
11/04/1949
Dorothy Allison, American writer (died 2024)
Dorothy Earlene Allison was an American writer whose writing focused on class struggle, sexual abuse, child abuse, feminism, and lesbianism. She was a self-identified femme lesbian. Allison won several Lambda Literary Awards. In 2014, Allison was elected to membership in the Fellowship of Southern Writers.
Bernd Eichinger, German director and producer (died 2011)
Bernd Eichinger was a German film producer, screenwriter, and director.
11/04/1947
Lev Bulat, Ukrainian-Russian physicist and academic (died 2016)
Lev Petrovich Bulat was a Russian physicist.
Uli Edel, German director and screenwriter
Ulrich "Uli" Edel is a German film and television director, best known for his work on films such as Christiane F., Last Exit to Brooklyn, Body of Evidence and The Baader Meinhof Complex. He also directed Episode 14, Season 2 “Double Play” from the 1990’s show Twin Peaks.
Frank Mantooth, American pianist and composer (died 2004)
Frank Mantooth was an American jazz pianist and arranger.
Peter Riegert, American actor, screenwriter and film director
Peter Riegert is an American actor. He is best known for his roles as Donald "Boon" Schoenstein in Animal House (1978), oil company executive "Mac" MacIntyre in Local Hero (1983), pickle store owner Sam Posner in Crossing Delancey (1988) and Lt. Mitch Kellaway in The Mask (1994). He directed the short film By Courier (2000), for which he was nominated along with producer Ericka Frederick for the Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film.
Michael T. Wright, English engineer and academic (died 2015)
Michael Thomas Wright was a British academic who was the Vice-Chancellor of Aston University between 1996 and 2006.
11/04/1946
Chris Burden, American sculptor, illustrator, and academic (died 2015)
Christopher Lee Burden was an American artist working in performance art, sculpture, and installation art. Burden became known in the 1970s for his performance art works, including Shoot (1971), where he arranged for a friend to shoot him in the arm with a small-caliber rifle. A prolific artist, Burden created many well-known installations, public artworks, and sculptures before his death in 2015.
Bob Harris, English journalist and radio host
Robert Brinley Joseph Harris, popularly known as "Whispering Bob" Harris, is an English broadcaster. He was a host of the BBC2 music programme The Old Grey Whistle Test from 1972 to 1979, and was a co-founder of the listings magazine Time Out, co-editing until the early part of 1969. He has presented The Country Show on BBC Radio 2 on Thursday nights since April 1999, and Sounds of the 70s on Sunday afternoons since November 2024, replacing Johnnie Walker.
11/04/1945
John Krebs, Baron Krebs, English zoologist and academic
John Richard Krebs, Baron Krebs, FRS is an English zoologist researching in the field of behavioural ecology of birds. He was the principal of Jesus College, Oxford, from 2005 until 2015. Krebs was President of the British Science Association from 2012 to 2013.
11/04/1944
Peter Barfuß, German footballer
Peter Barfuß is a German former footballer.
John Milius, American director, producer, and screenwriter
John Frederick Milius is an American film director, screenwriter, and producer. He is considered a member of the New Hollywood generation of filmmakers.
11/04/1943
John Montagu, 11th Earl of Sandwich, English businessman and politician
John Edward Hollister Montagu, 11th Earl of Sandwich was a British businessman and politician. He was a crossbench member of the House of Lords from 1995 to 2024.
Harley Race, American wrestler and trainer (died 2019)
Harley Leland Race was an American professional wrestler, professional wrestling promoter, and trainer.
11/04/1942
Anatoly Berezovoy, Russian colonel, pilot, and astronaut (died 2014)
Anatoly Nikolayevich Berezovoy was a Soviet and later Russian cosmonaut.
Hattie Gossett, American writer
Hattie Gossett is an African-American feminist playwright, poet, and magazine editor. Her work focuses on bolstering the self-esteem of young black women.
James Underwood, English pathologist and academic
Sir James Cresseé Elphinstone Underwood FMedSci is a British pathologist who was awarded a knighthood for services to medicine in the 2005 New Year honours list.
11/04/1941
Ellen Goodman, American journalist and author
Ellen Goodman is an American journalist and syndicated columnist. She won a Pulitzer Prize in 1980. She is also a speaker and commentator.
Shirley Stelfox, English actress (died 2015)
Shirley Rosemary Stelfox was a British actress, known for her portrayal of the character Edna Birch, a moralising busybody in the ITV soap opera Emmerdale, and as Rose, the vampy sister of the snobby and overbearing Hyacinth Bucket in the first series of the comedy series Keeping Up Appearances.
11/04/1940
Col Firmin, Australian politician (died 2013)
Colin Charles "Col" Firmin was a former Australian politician.
Władysław Komar, Polish shot putter and actor (died 1998)
Władysław Stefan Komar was a Lithuanian-born Polish shot putter, actor and cabaretist. Competing in three Summer Olympics between 1964 and 1972, he won the gold medal at the Munich Games in 1972 with a throw of 21.18 metres. His nickname was "King Kong" Komar as attributed to a Sports Illustrated article.
11/04/1939
Luther "Guitar Junior" Johnson, American singer and guitarist (died 2022)
Luther "Guitar Junior" Johnson was an American blues singer and guitarist.
Louise Lasser, American actress
Louise Lasser is an American actress, television writer, and performing arts teacher and director. She is known for her portrayal of the title character on the soap opera satire Mary Hartman, Mary Hartman, for which she was Primetime Emmy Award nominated.
11/04/1938
Gerry Baker, American soccer player and manager (died 2013)
Gerard Austin Baker was an American soccer player. From 1955 until 1970, he played 16 seasons in either the Scottish or English first division. He earned seven caps with the US national team in 1968 and 1969, scoring two goals. His younger brother was the footballer Joe Baker.
Michael Deaver, American politician, Deputy White House Chief of Staff (died 2007)
Michael Keith Deaver was a member of President Ronald Reagan's White House staff who served as White House Deputy Chief of Staff under James Baker III and Donald Regan from January 1981 to May 1985.
Reatha King, American chemist and businesswoman
Reatha Belle Clark King is an American chemist, the former vice president of the General Mills Corporation; and the former president, executive director, and chairman of the board of trustees of the General Mills Foundation, the philanthropic foundation of General Mills, Inc.
11/04/1937
Jill Gascoine, English actress and author (died 2020)
Jill Viola Gascoine was an English actress and novelist. Her credits include The Pure Hell of St Trinian's (1960), Z-Cars (1973), General Hospital (1974), Rooms (1974), Dixon of Dock Green (1974), Softly, Softly: Taskforce (1975), Within These Walls (1975), Confessions of a Pop Performer (1975), Peter Pan (1976), The Onedin Line (1976–1979),Home to Roost (1989–1990), King of the Wind (1990), Taggart (1990), and Boon (1991).
11/04/1936
Brian Noble, English bishop (died 2019)
Brian Michael Noble was an English prelate who served in the Roman Catholic Church as the Bishop of Shrewsbury from 1995 to 2010.
11/04/1935
Richard Berry, American singer-songwriter (died 1997)
Richard Berry Jr. was an American singer, songwriter and musician, who performed with many Los Angeles doo-wop and close harmony groups in the 1950s, including the Flairs and the Robins.
11/04/1934
Mark Strand, Canadian-born American poet, essayist, and translator (died 2014)
Mark Strand was a Canadian-born American poet, essayist and translator. He was appointed Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress in 1990 and received the Wallace Stevens Award in 2004. Strand was a professor of English and Comparative Literature at Columbia University from 2005 until his death in 2014.
Ron Pember, English actor, director and playwright (died 2022)
Ronald Henry Pember was an English actor, stage director and dramatist. In a career stretching over thirty years, he was a character actor in British television productions in the 1970s and 1980s, usually in smaller parts or as a support playing a worldly-wise everyman.
11/04/1933
Tony Brown, American journalist and academic
William Anthony Brown is an American journalist, academic and businessman. He is best known as the commentator of the long-running syndicated television show Tony Brown's Journal.
11/04/1932
Joel Grey, American actor, singer, and dancer
Joel Grey is an American actor, singer, dancer, photographer, and theatre director. He is best known for portraying the Master of Ceremonies in the musical Cabaret on Broadway and in Bob Fosse's 1972 film adaptation. He has won an Academy Award, a BAFTA Award, a Golden Globe Award, and a Tony Award for his performances in the Cabaret stage musical and film. He was presented a Lifetime Achievement Tony Award at the 76th Tony Awards in 2023.
11/04/1931
Lewis Jones, Welsh rugby player and coach (died 2024)
Benjamin Lewis Jones was a Welsh rugby union and rugby league footballer who played in the 1950s and 1960s. A dual-code rugby international, he won ten caps for Wales and three for the British Lions in rugby union, and two for Wales and 15 for Great Britain in rugby league.
11/04/1930
Nicholas F. Brady, American businessman and politician, 68th United States Secretary of the Treasury
Nicholas Frederick Brady is an American banker and politician from New Jersey who briefly served in the United States Senate for eight months in 1982 and served as the 68th United States Secretary of the Treasury under U.S. Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush from 1988 to 1993. He is a member of the Republican Party.
Walter Krüger, German javelin thrower (died 2018)
Walter Krüger was an East German athlete who competed mainly in the javelin throw. He was born in Altenpleen, Pomerania. He competed for the United Team of Germany in the 1960 Summer Olympics held in Rome, Italy in the javelin throw where he won the silver medal.
Anton LaVey, American occultist, founded the Church of Satan (died 1997)
Anton Szandor LaVey was an American writer, musician, and Satanist. He was the founder of the Church of Satan, and the philosophy of LaVeyan Satanism. He authored several books, including The Satanic Bible, The Satanic Witch, The Satanic Rituals, The Devil's Notebook, and Satan Speaks!. In addition, he released three albums, including The Satanic Mass, Satan Takes a Holiday, and Strange Music. He played a minor on-screen role and served as technical advisor for the 1975 film The Devil's Rain and served as host and narrator for Nick Bougas' 1989 mondo film Death Scenes.
11/04/1928
Ethel Kennedy, American philanthropist (died 2024)
Ethel Kennedy was an American human rights advocate. She was the widow of U.S. Senator Robert F. Kennedy, a sister-in-law of U.S. president John F. Kennedy, and a daughter of businessman George Skakel.
Edwin Pope, American journalist and author (died 2017)
John Edwin Pope was an American journalist known for his sportswriting at the Miami Herald, where his work appeared from 1956 until his death in 2017. He covered Super Bowl I through Super Bowl XLVII. Some referred to him as "the best writer of sports in America."
Tommy Tycho, Hungarian-Australian pianist, composer, and conductor (died 2013)
Thomas Tycho AM MBE DMus was a Hungarian-born Australian pianist, conductor, composer and arranger. He was active in both classical music and pop.
11/04/1927
Lokesh Chandra, Indian historian
Lokesh Chandra is a prominent scholar of the Vedic period, Buddhism and the Indian arts. Between 1942 and 2004, he published 576 books and 286 articles.
11/04/1926
David Manker Abshire, American commander and diplomat, United States Permanent Representative to NATO (died 2014)
David Manker Abshire was an American politician who served as a Special Counselor to President Ronald Reagan and was the United States Permanent Representative to NATO from 1983 to 1987. Abshire presided over the Center for the Study of the Presidency and Congress.
Victor Bouchard, Canadian pianist and composer (died 2011)
Victor Bouchard OC CQ was a Canadian pianist and composer.
Karl Rebane, Estonian physicist and academic (died 2007)
Karl Rebane was a Soviet and Estonian physicist.
11/04/1925
Yuriy Lituyev, Russian hurdler and commander (died 2000)
Yuriy Nikolaevich Lituyev was a Soviet athlete who competed mainly in the 400 metre hurdles. He trained in Leningrad and later in Moscow at the Armed Forces sports society.
Viola Liuzzo, American civil rights activist (died 1965)
Viola Fauver Liuzzo was an American civil rights activist. In March 1965 she drove from her home in Detroit, Michigan to Alabama to support the Selma to Montgomery march for voting rights. On March 25 she was shot dead by three members of the Ku Klux Klan while driving activists between the cities.
Viktor Masing, Estonian botanist and ecologist (died 2001)
Viktor Masing was an Estonian botanist and ecologist. He was born in Tartu. He became a member of the Estonian Academy of Sciences in 1993.
Pierre Péladeau, Canadian businessman, founded Quebecor (died 1997)
Pierre Péladeau was a Canadian businessman. He was the founder of Quebecor Inc., a Canadian media and telecommunications conglomerate in Quebec, Canada.
11/04/1924
Mohammad Naseem, Pakistani-English activist and politician (died 2014)
Mohammad Naseem was a British Muslim leader and political activist. Nassem worked as a GP before later becoming chairman of the Birmingham Mosque Trust, one of the largest and most prominent Islamic places of worship in the United Kingdom.
11/04/1923
George J. Maloof, Sr., American businessman (died 1980)
George Joseph Maloof Sr. was an American heir and businessman of Lebanese descent.
11/04/1922
Arved Viirlaid, Estonian-Canadian soldier and author (died 2015)
Arved Viirlaid was an Estonian-Canadian writer.
11/04/1921
Jim Hearn, American baseball player (died 1998)
James Tolbert Hearn was an American professional baseball player who was a pitcher in Major League Baseball for 13 seasons (1947–1959). The right-hander was listed as 6 feet 3 inches (1.91 m) tall and 205 pounds (93 kg).
Jack Rayner, Australian rugby league player and coach (died 2008)
Rupert John Rayner was an Australian state and national representative rugby league player and NSWRFL coach. His club playing career was with the South Sydney Rabbitohs from 1946 to 1957 and he also represented New South Wales on eleven occasions and played in five Test matches for the Australian national side.
11/04/1920
Emilio Colombo, Italian lawyer and politician, 40th Prime Minister of Italy (died 2013)
Emilio Colombo was an Italian politician. A member of the Christian Democracy party, he served as Prime Minister of Italy from August 1970 to February 1972. In 2003, he was appointed senator for life, a seat he held until his death.
William Royer, American soldier and politician (died 2013)
William Howard Royer was an American politician and a member of the Republican Party. He served as a U.S. Representative from the 11th Congressional District of California from 1979 until 1981.
11/04/1919
Raymond Carr, English historian and academic (died 2015)
Sir Albert Raymond Maillard Carr was an English historian specialising in the history of Spain, Latin America, and Sweden. From 1968 to 1987, he was Warden of St Antony's College, Oxford.
11/04/1918
Richard Wainwright, English soldier and politician (died 2003)
Richard Scurrah Wainwright was a British politician of the Liberal Party. He was the MP for Colne Valley from 1966 to 1970, and again from 1974 to 1987.
11/04/1917
David Westheimer, American soldier, journalist, and author (died 2005)[better source needed]
David Westheimer, was an American novelist best known for writing the 1964 novel Von Ryan's Express, which was adapted into a 1965 film starring Frank Sinatra and Trevor Howard.
11/04/1916
Alberto Ginastera, Argentinian pianist and composer (died 1983)
Alberto Evaristo Ginastera was an Argentine composer of classical music. He is considered to be one of the most important 20th-century classical composers of the Americas.
Howard W. Koch, American director and producer (died 2001)
Howard Winchel Koch was an American film producer and director. He served as president of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences and as head of film production at Paramount Pictures, and directed and produced numerous films, including The Manchurian Candidate (1962), The Odd Couple (1968), Airplane! (1980) and its 1982 sequel, and Ghost (1990). At the 62nd Academy Awards, he was honored the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award for his "outstanding contributions to humanitarian causes". He also received four Primetime Emmy Award nominations, three of which were for producing Academy Awards ceremonies.
11/04/1914
Norman McLaren, Scottish-Canadian animator, director, and producer (died 1987)
William Norman McLaren, was a Scottish-Canadian animator, director and producer known for his work for the National Film Board of Canada (NFB). He was a pioneer in a number of areas of animation and filmmaking, including hand-drawn animation, drawn-on-film animation, visual music, abstract film, pixilation and graphical sound. McLaren was also an artist and printmaker, and explored his interest in dance in his films.
Robert Stanfield, Canadian economist, lawyer, and politician, 17th Premier of Nova Scotia (died 2003)
Robert Lorne Stanfield was a Canadian politician who served as the 17th premier of Nova Scotia from 1956 to 1967 and the leader of the Official Opposition and leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada from 1967 to 1976.
Dorothy Lewis Bernstein, American mathematician (died 1988)
Dorothy Lewis Bernstein was an American mathematician known for her work in applied mathematics, statistics, computer programming, and her research on the Laplace transform. She was the first woman to be elected president of the Mathematics Association of America.
11/04/1913
Oleg Cassini, French-American fashion designer (died 2006)
Oleg Cassini was a fashion designer born to an aristocratic Russian family with maternal Italian ancestry. He came to the United States as a young man after launching his career as a designer in Rome, and quickly secured a position with Paramount Pictures. Cassini established his reputation by designing for films.
11/04/1912
John Levy, American bassist and businessman (died 2012)
John Levy was an American jazz double-bassist and businessman.
11/04/1910
António de Spínola, Portuguese general and politician, 14th President of Portugal (died 1996)
António Sebastião Ribeiro de Spínola was a Portuguese military officer, author and conservative politician. During the Estado Novo regime he became one of Portugal's most senior military commanders, leading military operations against independence movements. After the Carnation Revolution, partially organised by under-ranked military captains, he was invited to be the president of Portugal. His role in Portugal's transition to democracy remains highly controversial, particularly regarding his role in leading the 11 March 1975 attempted coup as well as the anticommunist terrorist organisation Movimento Democrático de Libertação de Portugal. He was noted for wearing a monocle on his right eye.
11/04/1908
Jane Bolin, American lawyer and judge (died 2007)
Jane Matilda Bolin was an American attorney and judge. She was the first black woman to graduate from Yale Law School, the first to join the New York City Bar Association, and the first to join the New York City Law Department. Bolin became the first black woman to serve as a judge in the United States when she was sworn into the bench of the New York City Domestic Relations Court in 1939.
Masaru Ibuka, Japanese businessman, co-founded Sony (died 1997)
Masaru Ibuka was a Japanese electronics industrialist and co-founder of Sony, along with Akio Morita.
Dan Maskell, English tennis player and sportscaster (died 1992)
Daniel Maskell was an English tennis professional who later became a radio and television commentator on the sport. He was described as the BBC's "voice of tennis", and the "voice of Wimbledon".
Leo Rosten, Polish-American author and academic (died 1997)
Leo Calvin Rosten was an American writer and humorist in the fields of scriptwriting, storywriting, journalism, and Yiddish lexicography.
11/04/1907
Paul Douglas, American actor (died 1959)
Paul Douglas Fleischer, known professionally as Paul Douglas, was an American actor.
11/04/1906
Dale Messick, American author and illustrator (died 2005)
Dalia Messick was an American comic strip artist who used the pseudonym Dale Messick. She was the creator of Brenda Starr, Reporter, which at its peak during the 1950s ran in 250 newspapers.
11/04/1905
Attila József, Hungarian poet and educator (died 1937)
Attila József was one of the most famous Hungarian poets of the 20th century. Generally not recognized during his lifetime, József was hailed during the communist era of the 1950s as Hungary's great "proletarian poet" and he has become the best known of the modern Hungarian poets internationally.
11/04/1904
K. L. Saigal, Indian singer and actor (died 1947)
Kundan Lal Saigal, often abbreviated as K. L. Saigal, was an Indian singer and actor who worked in Hindi cinema, which was centred in Calcutta (Kolkata) during his time, but is currently based in Bombay (Mumbai). Saigal's unique voice, a blend of baritone and soft tenor, set the benchmark for many singers who followed him. Even today, it remains the gold standard, shining through despite the limitations of early and relatively primitive recording technology. Unlike other singers, he did not record songs for actors to lip-sync on screen. It was only in the final years of his career, from 1945 to 1947, that he recorded songs for studio release; these recordings were for his own performances as an on-screen actor. Thus, while most singers in Hindi cinema became playback singers, Saigal was not.
11/04/1903
Misuzu Kaneko, Japanese poet (died 1930)
Misuzu Kaneko was a Japanese poet, known for her poetry for children. She was born Teru Kaneko in the fishing village of Senzaki, now part of Nagato, Yamaguchi prefecture. Motifs of fishing and the sea often make appearances in her poems. Celebrated during her lifetime, her works fell into obscurity after her death, until being rediscovered in the 1980s. Since then, she has been regarded as one of Japan's most beloved children's poets.
11/04/1900
Sándor Márai, Hungarian journalist and author (died 1989)
Sándor Márai was a Hungarian writer, poet, and journalist.
11/04/1899
Percy Lavon Julian, African-American chemist and academic (died 1975)
Percy Lavon Julian was an American research chemist and a pioneer in the chemical synthesis of medicinal drugs from plants. Julian was the first person to synthesize the natural product physostigmine, and a pioneer in industrial large-scale chemical synthesis of the human hormones progesterone and testosterone from plant sterols such as stigmasterol and sitosterol. His work laid the foundation for the steroid drug industry's production of cortisone, other corticosteroids, and artificial hormones that led to birth control pills.
11/04/1896
Léo-Paul Desrosiers, Canadian journalist and author (died 1967)
Léo-Paul Desrosiers was a Quebec writer and journalist well known for his historical novels. He was influenced by the nationalism of Henri Bourassa and Lionel-Adolphe Groulx.
11/04/1893
Dean Acheson, American lawyer and politician, 51st United States Secretary of State (died 1971)
Dean Gooderham Acheson was an American politician and lawyer. As the 51st U.S. secretary of state, he set the foreign policy of the Harry S. Truman administration from 1949 to 1953. He was also Truman's main foreign policy advisor from 1945 to 1947 during early years of the Cold War. Acheson helped design the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan, as well as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. He was in private law practice from July 1947 to December 1948.
11/04/1887
Jamini Roy, Indian painter (died 1972)
Jamini Roy was an Indian painter. He was honoured by the Government of India the award of Padma Bhushan in 1954. He remains one of the most famous pupils of Abanindranath Tagore, another praised Indian artist and instructor. Roy's highly simplified, flattened-out style, and reminiscent of European modern art was influenced by the “bazaar” paintings sold at Indian temples as talismans.
11/04/1879
Bernhard Schmidt, Estonian-German astronomer and optician (died 1935)
Bernhard Woldemar Schmidt was an Estonian optician. In 1930 he invented the Schmidt telescope, which corrected for the optical errors of spherical aberration, coma, and astigmatism, making possible for the first time the construction of very large, wide-angled reflective cameras of short exposure time for astronomical research.
11/04/1878
Percy Lane Oliver, British pioneer of volunteer blood donation (died 1944)
Percy Lane Oliver was a British civil servant, who is credited with founding the first volunteer blood donation service. A layman, Oliver was working for the Camberwell division of the Red Cross in 1921 when he responded to a call from a local hospital requesting an urgent blood donation. This experience led him to organise a panel of donors whose blood types were known and who were available to donate on request. The donors, unusually for the time, were not paid. Oliver's blood donation service, which he ran out of his London home, would grow from 20 volunteers at its inception to approximately 2700 in 1938. His model of voluntary blood donation was adopted throughout Britain and in other countries.
11/04/1876
Paul Henry, Irish painter (died 1958)
Paul Henry was an Irish artist noted for depicting the West of Ireland landscape in a spare Post-Impressionist style.
Ivane Javakhishvili, Georgian historian and academic (died 1940)
Ivane Alexandres dze Javakhishvili was a Georgian historian and linguist whose works heavily influenced the modern scholarship of the history and culture of Georgia. He was one of the founding fathers of the Tbilisi State University (1918) and its rector from 1919 to 1926.
11/04/1873
Edward Lawson, English soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (died 1955)
Edward Lawson VC was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
11/04/1872
Aleksandër Stavre Drenova, Albanian poet, rilindas and author of national anthem of Albania (died 1947)
Aleksandër Stavre Drenova, commonly known by the pen name Asdreni, was an Albanian poet, rilindas, translator, writer and the author of the poem which later became the national anthem of Albania. He is regarded as one of the most influential Albanian writers of the 20th century and composed most of his Albanian Renaissance-inspired known works during that period.
11/04/1871
Gyula Kellner, Hungarian runner (died 1940)
Gyula Richárd Kellner was a Hungarian athlete. He competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens.
11/04/1869
Gustav Vigeland, Norwegian sculptor, designed the Nobel Peace Prize medal (died 1943)
Gustav Vigeland, born as Adolf Gustav Thorsen, was a Norwegian sculptor. Gustav Vigeland occupies a special position among Norwegian sculptors, both in the power of his creative imagination and in his productivity. He is most associated with the Vigeland installation (Vigelandsanlegget) in Frogner Park, Oslo. The Vigeland installation made Frogner Park into Norway's most popular tourist attraction, and the park also contains Frogner Manor with the Oslo Museum and the Henriette Wegner Pavilion. Vigeland was also the designer of the Nobel Peace Prize medal.
11/04/1867
Mark Keppel, American educator (died 1928)
Mark Keppel served as County Superintendent of Schools of Los Angeles County from 1902 to 1928.
11/04/1866
Bernard O'Dowd, Australian journalist, author, and poet (died 1953)
Bernard Patrick O'Dowd was an Australian poet, activist, lawyer, and journalist. He worked for the Victorian colonial and state governments for almost 50 years, first as an assistant librarian at the Supreme Court in Melbourne, and later as a parliamentary draughtsman.
11/04/1864
Johanna Elberskirchen, German author and activist (died 1943)
Johanna Elberskirchen was a feminist writer and activist for the rights of women, gays and lesbians as well as blue-collar workers. She published books on women's sexuality and health among other topics. Her last known public appearance was in 1930 in Vienna, where she gave a talk at a conference organised by the World League for Sexual Reform. She was open about her own homosexuality which made her a somewhat exceptional figure in the feminist movement of her time. Her career as an activist was ended in 1933, when the Nazi Party rose to power. There is no public record of a funeral but witnesses report that Elberskirchen's urn was secretly put into the grave of Hildegard Moniac, who had been her life partner.
11/04/1862
William Wallace Campbell, American astronomer and academic (died 1938)
William Wallace Campbell was an American astronomer, and director of Lick Observatory from 1901 to 1930. He specialized in spectroscopy. He was the tenth president of the University of California from 1923 to 1930.
Charles Evans Hughes, American lawyer and politician, 44th United States Secretary of State (died 1948)
Charles Evans Hughes was an American politician, academic, and jurist who served as the 11th chief justice of the United States from 1930 to 1941. A member of the Republican Party, he previously was the 36th governor of New York (1907–1910), an associate justice of the Supreme Court (1910–1916), and 44th U.S. secretary of state (1921–1925). He was the Republican nominee in the 1916 presidential election, narrowly losing to incumbent president Woodrow Wilson.
11/04/1859
Stefanos Thomopoulos, Greek historian and author (died 1939)
Stefanos Thomopoulos was a Greek writer and historian, who wrote especially on the history of Patras and its surrounding region.
11/04/1856
Arthur Shrewsbury, English cricketer and rugby player (died 1903)
Arthur Shrewsbury was an English cricketer and rugby football administrator. He was widely rated as competing with W. G. Grace for the accolade of best batsman of the 1880s; Grace himself, when asked whom he would most like in his side, replied simply, "Give me Arthur". An opening batsman, Shrewsbury played his cricket for Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club and played 23 Test matches for England, captaining them in 7 games, with a record of won 5, lost 2. He was the last professional to be England captain until Len Hutton was chosen in 1952. He was a Wisden Cricketer of the Year in 1890. He also organised the first British Isles rugby tour to Australasia in 1888.
11/04/1854
Hugh Massie, Australian cricketer (died 1938)
Hugh Hamon Massie was a cricketer who played for New South Wales and Australia.
11/04/1837
Elmer E. Ellsworth, American army officer and law clerk (died 1861)
Elmer Ephraim Ellsworth was a United States Army officer, close personal friend of the 16th President of the United States Abraham Lincoln, and law clerk who was the first conspicuous casualty and the first Union officer to die in the American Civil War. He was killed while removing a Confederate flag from the roof of the Marshall House in Alexandria, Virginia. He was later buried in his hometown of Mechanicville, New York on May 27, 1861 in Hudson View Cemetery in a family plot.
11/04/1830
John Douglas, English architect (died 1911)
John Douglas was an English architect who designed over 500 buildings in Cheshire, North Wales, and northwest England, particularly on the Eaton Hall estate. He was trained in Lancaster and practised throughout his career from an office in Chester. Initially he ran the practice on his own, but from 1884 until two years before his death he worked in partnerships with two of his former assistants.
11/04/1827
Jyotirao Phule, Indian scholar, philosopher, and activist (died 1890)
Jyotirao Phule, also known as Jyotiba Phule, was an Indian social activist, businessman, anti-caste social reformer and writer from Maharashtra.
11/04/1825
Ferdinand Lassalle, German philosopher and jurist (died 1864)
Ferdinand Johann Gottlieb Lassalle was a German jurist, philosopher, and socialist activist. Best remembered as an initiator of the social democratic movement in Germany, in 1863 he founded the General German Workers' Association (ADAV), the first independent German workers' party. His political theories, a form of state socialism, are known as Lassalleanism.
11/04/1819
Charles Hallé, German-English pianist and conductor (died 1895)
Sir Charles Hallé was a Prussian and later British pianist and conductor, best known for founding the Hallé Orchestra in Manchester.
11/04/1798
Macedonio Melloni, Italian physicist and academic (died 1854)
Macedonio Melloni was an Italian physicist, notable for demonstrating that radiant heat has similar physical properties to those of light. His works earned him the Rumford Medal and the nickname "Newton of heat".
11/04/1794
Edward Everett, English-American educator and politician, 15th Governor of Massachusetts (died 1865)
Edward Everett was an American politician, Unitarian pastor, educator, diplomat, and orator from Massachusetts. Everett, as a Whig, served as U.S. representative, U.S. senator, the 15th governor of Massachusetts, minister to Great Britain, and United States secretary of state. He also taught at Harvard University and served as its president.
11/04/1770
George Canning, Irish-English lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1827)
George Canning was a British Tory statesman. He held various senior cabinet positions under numerous prime ministers, including two important terms as foreign secretary, finally becoming Prime Minister of the United Kingdom for the last 119 days of his life, from April to August 1827.
11/04/1755
James Parkinson, English surgeon, geologist, and paleontologist (died 1824)
James Parkinson was an English surgeon, apothecary, geologist, palaeontologist, and political activist. He is best known for his 1817 work An Essay on the Shaking Palsy, in which he was the first to describe "paralysis agitans", a condition that was later renamed Parkinson's disease by Jean-Martin Charcot.
11/04/1749
Adélaïde Labille-Guiard, French miniaturist and portrait painter (died 1803)
Adélaïde Labille-Guiard, also known as Adélaïde Labille-Guiard des Vertus, was a French miniaturist and portrait painter. She was an advocate for women to receive the same opportunities as men to become great painters. Labille-Guiard was one of the first women to become a member of the Royal Academy, and was the first female artist to receive permission to set up a studio for her students at the Louvre.
11/04/1722
Christopher Smart, English actor, playwright, and poet (died 1771)
Christopher Smart was an English poet. He was a major contributor to two popular magazines, The Midwife and The Student, and a friend to influential cultural icons like Samuel Johnson and Henry Fielding. Smart, a high church Anglican, was widely known throughout London.
11/04/1721
David Zeisberger, Czech-American clergyman and missionary (died 1808)
David Zeisberger was a Moravian clergyman and missionary among the Native American tribes who resided in the Thirteen Colonies. He established communities of Munsee (Lenape) converts to Christianity in the valley of the Muskingum River in Ohio; and for a time, near modern-day Amherstburg, Ontario.
11/04/1715
John Alcock, English organist and composer (died 1806)
John Alcock was an English organist and composer. He wrote instrumental music, glees and much church music.
11/04/1683
Jean-Joseph Mouret, French composer and conductor (died 1738)
Jean-Joseph Mouret was a French composer whose dramatic works made him one of the leading exponents of Baroque music in his country. Even though most of his works are rarely performed, Mouret's name survives today thanks to the popularity of the Fanfare-Rondeau from his first Suite de symphonies, which has been adopted as the signature tune of the PBS program Masterpiece and is a popular musical choice in many modern weddings.
11/04/1658
James Hamilton, 4th Duke of Hamilton, Scottish peer (died 1712)
James Hamilton, 4th Duke of Hamilton and 1st Duke of Brandon was a Scottish army officer, politician, courtier and diplomat. He was a major investor in the failed Darien scheme, which cost many of Scotland's ruling class their fortunes. He led the Country Party in the Parliament of Scotland and the opposition to the Act of Union in 1707. He died as the result of the Hamilton–Mohun duel in Hyde Park, Westminster, with Charles Mohun, 4th Baron Mohun, over a disputed inheritance.
11/04/1644
Marie Jeanne Baptiste of Savoy-Nemours, Duchess of Savoy (died 1724)
Marie Jeanne Baptiste of Savoy-Nemours was born a Princess of Savoy and became the Duchess of Savoy by marriage. First married by proxy to Charles of Lorraine in 1662, Lorraine soon refused to recognise the union and it was annulled. She married her kinsman Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy, in 1665. The mother of the future Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia who saw the elevation of the House of Savoy to kings, she styled herself as Madama Reale or Madame Royale. She acted as Regent of Savoy from 1675 in the name of her son Victor Amadeus II, who was her husband's successor. Her regency officially ended in 1680, but she maintained power until her son banished her from further influence in the state in 1684. She left a considerable architectural legacy in Turin, and was responsible for the remodelling of the Palazzo Madama, which was her private residence. At the time of her death she was the mother of the King of Sardinia as well as great-grandmother of two other kings, Louis I of Spain and Louis XV of France.
11/04/1592
John Eliot, English lawyer and politician (died 1632)
Sir John Eliot was an English statesman who was serially imprisoned in the Tower of London, where he eventually died, by King Charles I for advocating the rights and privileges of Parliament.
11/04/1591
Bartholomeus Strobel, Silezian painter (died 1650)
Bartholomeus Strobel the Younger or Bartholomäus in German or Bartlomiej in Polish was a Baroque painter from Silesia, who worked in Prague, Silesia, and finally Poland, where he emigrated to escape the disruption of the Thirty Years War.
11/04/1493
George I, Duke of Pomerania (died 1531)
George I of Pomerania was Duke of Pomerania from the House of Griffin.
11/04/1374
Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March, heir to the throne of England (died 1398)
Roger de Mortimer, 4th Earl of March, 6th Earl of Ulster was a great-grandson of King Edward III, descended from his second surviving son Lionel of Antwerp, Duke of Clarence, and was considered the heir presumptive to the childless King Richard II, his mother's first cousin. However, he predeceased Richard II by two years, albeit leaving issue, in whose line the claim to the crown continued. Although two years after Mortimer's death the crown was seized from King Richard II by the House of Lancaster, descended from the third son of King Edward III, the Mortimer claim to the throne was realised eventually by the House of York, descended in the male line from the fourth and most junior son of King Edward III, on the basis that they had married Anne Mortimer, the daughter and eventual sole heiress of Roger de Mortimer, 4th Earl of March. This claim to the crown by the House of York on the basis of their descent via a female line from the second son of King Edward III was the substance of the Wars of the Roses, as the ruling House of Lancaster was descended only from the third son of King Edward III, albeit in a direct male line.
11/04/1370
Frederick I, Elector of Saxony (died 1428)
Frederick I, the Belligerent or the Warlike, a member of the House of Wettin, ruled as Margrave of Meissen from 1407 and as Elector of Saxony from 1423 until his death. He secured the Saxon electorship for the House of Wettin, thereby establishing the dynasty's future importance in German politics.
11/04/1357
John I of Portugal (died 1433)
John I, also called John of Aviz, was King of Portugal from 1385 until his death in 1433. He is recognized chiefly for his role in Portugal's victory in a succession war with Castile, preserving his country's independence and establishing the Aviz dynasty on the Portuguese throne. His long reign of 48 years, the most extensive of all Portuguese monarchs, saw the beginning of Portugal's overseas expansion. John's well-remembered reign in his country earned him the epithet of Fond Memory.
11/04/1348
Andronikos IV Palaiologos, Byzantine Emperor (died 1385)
Andronikos IV Palaiologos or Andronicus IV Palaeologus was the eldest son of Byzantine Emperor John V Palaiologos. Appointed co-emperor from 1352, he had a troubled relationship with his father: he launched a failed rebellion in 1373, usurped the throne in 1376–1379, and remained engaged in a bitter struggle with his father, John V, until his death in 1385. This civil war depleted Byzantium's scarce resources and greatly facilitated the Ottoman conquest of the Balkans, most notably through the cession of Gallipoli by Andronikos. He was also the father of John VII.
11/04/1184
William of Winchester, Lord of Lüneburg (died 1213)
William of Winchester, also called William of Lunenburg or William Longsword, a member of the House of Welf, was heir to his family's allodial lands in the Duchy of Saxony after the deposition of his father, Duke Henry the Lion in 1180.
11/04/0145
Septimius Severus, Roman emperor (probable; died 211)
Year 145 (CXLV) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Hadrianus and Caesar. The denomination 145 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Lives Remembered on 11th April
On 11th April, 122 remarkable people passed away — from 618 to 2026. Remember the lives and legacies of those we lost on this day.
11/04/2026
Phil Garner, American baseball player and manager (born 1949)
Philip Mason Garner was an American professional baseball player and manager. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) as an infielder with the Oakland Athletics, Pittsburgh Pirates, Houston Astros, Los Angeles Dodgers, and San Francisco Giants from 1973 to 1988. He was a three-time MLB All-Star. With the Pirates, he won the 1979 World Series. He managed the Milwaukee Brewers from 1992 to 1999, the Detroit Tigers from 2000 to 2002, and the Astros from 2004 to 2007. He led the Astros to their first league pennant and an appearance in the 2005 World Series.
11/04/2025
Mike Berry, British singer and actor (born 1942)
Michael Hubert Bourne, known professionally as Mike Berry, was an English rock and roll singer and actor, known for the top ten hits "Don't You Think It's Time" (1963) and "The Sunshine of Your Smile" (1980) and for portraying Mr. Spooner in the British sitcom Are You Being Served?
11/04/2024
Park Bo-ram, South Korean singer (born 1994)
Park Bo-ram was a South Korean singer. She took part in Mnet's SuperStar K2 and finished in eighth place. Park made her debut with release digital single "Beautiful" featuring Zico on August 7, 2014. That year, she won Artist of the Year for August at the Gaon Chart K-Pop Awards and was nominated for Best New Artist at the Mnet Asian Music Awards, Golden Disc Awards, and Melon Music Awards. She died at age 30 from acute alcohol poisoning after collapsing at her friend's home.
11/04/2021
Mauro Viale, Argentine journalist (born 1947)
Mauricio Goldfarb, better known as Mauro Viale, was an Argentine journalist and television presenter. He started out in sports and later turned to general and entertainment journalism.
11/04/2020
John Horton Conway, English mathematician (born 1937)
John Horton Conway was an English mathematician. He was active in the theory of finite groups, knot theory, number theory, combinatorial game theory and coding theory. He also made contributions to many branches of recreational mathematics, most notably the invention of the cellular automaton called the Game of Life.
11/04/2017
J. Geils, American singer and guitarist (born 1946)
John Warren Geils Jr., was an American guitarist. He was known as the leader of the J. Geils Band.
Mark Wainberg, Canadian researcher and HIV/AIDS activist (born 1945)
Mark Arnold Wainberg, was a Canadian HIV/AIDS researcher and HIV/AIDS activist. He was the director of the McGill University AIDS Centre at the Montreal Jewish General Hospital and Professor of Medicine and of Microbiology at McGill University. His laboratory primarily studies HIV reverse transcriptase, the molecular basis for drug resistance, and gene therapy. He received a B.Sc. from McGill University in 1966, a Ph.D. from Columbia University in 1972, and did his post-doctoral research at Hadassah Medical School of the Hebrew University.
11/04/2015
Jimmy Gunn, American football player (born 1948)
Jimmy Gunn was an American professional football linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He was born in Augusta, Arkansas. He prepped at Lincoln High School in San Diego.
Muhammad Kamaruzzaman, Bangladeshi journalist and politician (born 1952)
Muhammad Kamaruzzaman was a Bangladeshi politician and journalist who served as the senior assistant secretary general of Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami and was convicted of war crimes during the 1971 independence war of Bangladesh. He was executed by hanging at Dhaka Central Jail at 22:01 on 11 April 2015.
François Maspero, French journalist and author (born 1932)
François Maspero was a French author and journalist, best known as a publisher of leftist books in the 1970s. He also worked as a translator, translating the works of Joseph Conrad, Mehdi Ben Barka, and John Reed, author of Ten Days that Shook the World, among others. He was awarded the Prix Décembre in 1990 for Les Passagers du Roissy-Express.
Hanut Singh, Indian general (born 1933)
Lieutenant General Hanut Singh Rathore, PVSM MVC(6 July 1933 – 10 April 2015) was an Indian General Officer. He was a recipient of India's second highest military decoration, the Maha Vir Chakra, for his role in the Battle of Basantar during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.
Tekena Tamuno, Nigerian historian and academic (born 1932)
Tekena Nitonye Tamuno was a Nigerian historian and Vice-chancellor of the University of Ibadan. He was the President of the Board of Trustees of Bells University of Technology.
11/04/2014
Rolf Brem, Swiss sculptor and illustrator (born 1926)
Rolf Brem was a Swiss sculptor, illustrator and graphic artist. He worked in Meggen close to Lake Lucerne.
Edna Doré, English actress (born 1921)
Edna Lillian Doré was a British actress. She was known for her bit-part roles in sitcoms and for playing the character of Mo Butcher in EastEnders from 1988 to 1990.
Bill Henry, American baseball player (born 1927)
William Rodman Henry was an American professional baseball player. A left-handed pitcher, he appeared in Major League Baseball between 1952 and 1969 for the Boston Red Sox, Chicago Cubs, Cincinnati Reds, San Francisco Giants, Pittsburgh Pirates, and Houston Astros. Henry was nicknamed "Gabby" by teammates for his quiet nature. While with the Cincinnati Reds, he pitched in an All-Star Game and two World Series games, and in 1964 had an 0.87 earned run average. His 1964 season has been described as being "on the short list of the great relief seasons of all time".
Lou Hudson, American basketball player and sportscaster (born 1944)
Louis Clyde Hudson was an American National Basketball Association (NBA) player, who was an All-American at the University of Minnesota and a six-time NBA All-Star, scoring 17,940 total points in 13 NBA seasons.
Myer S. Kripke, American rabbi and scholar (born 1914)
Myer Samuel Kripke was an American rabbi, scholar, and philanthropist. He was based in Omaha, Nebraska.
Sergey Nepobedimy, Russian engineer (born 1921)
Sergey Pavlovich Nepobedimy was a Soviet designer of rocket weaponry. He was the Head and Chief Designer of the Kolomna Mechanical Engineering Design Bureau (1965-1989). Born in Ryazan, USSR, he graduated from Bauman Moscow State Technical University in 1945 and was directed to the work at SKB-101 of Boris Shavyrin.
Jesse Winchester, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (born 1944)
James Ridout "Jesse" Winchester Jr. was an American-Canadian musician and songwriter. He was born and raised in the southern United States. Opposed to the Vietnam War, he moved to Canada in 1967 to avoid the draft. During that time, he began his career as a solo artist. His highest-charting recordings were "Yankee Lady" in 1970 and "Say What" in 1981. He became a Canadian citizen in 1973, gained amnesty in the U.S. in 1977 and settled in Memphis, Tennessee in 2002.
11/04/2013
Don Blackman, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (born 1953)
Don (Donald) Blackman was an American jazz-funk pianist, singer, and songwriter. He performed with Parliament-Funkadelic, Lenny White, Marcus Miller, Sting, Mary J. Blige, Earth, Wind and Fire and Louis Hayes.
Sue Draheim, American fiddler (born1949)
Sue Draheim was an American fiddler, boasting a more than forty year musical career in the US and the UK. Growing up in North Oakland, Draheim began her first private violin lessons at age eleven, having started public school violin instruction at age eight while attending North Oakland's Peralta Elementary School. She also attended Claremont Jr. High, and graduated from Oakland Technical High School in 1967.
Grady Hatton, American baseball player, coach, and manager (born 1922)
Grady Edgebert Hatton Jr. was an American professional baseball second baseman, third baseman, coach and manager. He played in Major League Baseball for the Cincinnati Reds / Redlegs, Chicago White Sox, Boston Red Sox, St. Louis Cardinals, Baltimore Orioles and Chicago Cubs. Hatton is most identified with his native Texas: he was born in Beaumont, attended the University of Texas at Austin, managed minor league teams in Houston and San Antonio, and was an important contributor to the early years of Major League Baseball's Houston Astros.
Thomas Hemsley, English actor and singer (born 1927)
Thomas Jeffrey Hemsley, CBE was an English baritone.
Hilary Koprowski, Polish-American virologist and immunologist (born 1916)
Hilary Koprowski was a Polish virologist and immunologist active in the United States who demonstrated the world's first effective live polio vaccine. He authored or co-authored over 875 scientific papers and co-edited several scientific journals.
Gilles Marchal, French singer-songwriter (born 1944)
Gilles Marchal, born Gilles Pastre, was a French songwriter and singer who reached the height of his career during the 1970s.
Maria Tallchief, American ballerina (born 1925)
Maria Tallchief, born Elizabeth Marie Tall Chief, was an Osage ballerina. She was America's first major prima ballerina and the first Native American to hold the rank. Together with Georgian-American choreographer George Balanchine, she is widely considered to have revolutionized American ballet.
Clorindo Testa, Italian-Argentinian architect (born 1923)
Clorindo Manuel José Testa was an Italian-Argentine architect and artist.
Jonathan Winters, American comedian, actor and screenwriter (born 1925)
Jonathan Harshman Winters III was an American comedian, actor, author, television host and artist. He started performing as a stand-up comedian before transitioning his career to acting in film and television. Winters received numerous accolades including two Grammy Awards, a Primetime Emmy Award, as well as a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1960, the American Academy of Achievement in 1973, and the Mark Twain Prize for American Humor in 1999.
11/04/2012
Ahmed Ben Bella, Algerian soldier and politician, 1st President of Algeria (born 1916)
Ahmed Ben Bella was an Algerian politician, soldier and revolutionary who served as the head of government of Algeria from 27 September 1962 to 15 September 1963 and then the first president of Algeria from 15 September 1963 until his overthrow on 19 June 1965.
Roger Caron, Canadian criminal and author (born 1938)
Roger "Mad Dog" Caron was a Canadian robber and the author of the influential prison memoir Go-Boy! Memories of a Life Behind Bars (1978). At the time of publishing, Caron was 39 years old and had spent 23 years in prison.
Tippy Dye, American basketball player and coach (born 1915)
William Henry Harrison "Tippy" Dye was an American college athlete, coach, and athletic director. As a basketball head coach, Dye led the University of Washington to its only NCAA Final Four appearance in 1953. As an athletic director, Dye helped build the University of Nebraska football dynasty in the 1960s.
Hal McKusick, American saxophonist, clarinet player, and flute player (born 1924)
Hal McKusick was an American jazz alto saxophonist, clarinetist, and flutist who worked with Boyd Raeburn from 1944 to 1945 and Claude Thornhill from 1948 to 1949.
Agustin Roman, American bishop (born 1928)
Agustín Aleido Román Rodríguez was a Cuban-born prelate of the Román Catholic Church in the United States. He served as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Miami in Florida from 1979 to 2003.
11/04/2011
Larry Sweeney, American wrestler and manager (born 1981)
Alexander K. Whybrow was an American professional wrestler and manager, better known by his ring name Larry Sweeney. He performed primarily on the American independent circuit, but also competed in Canada, Mexico, Japan and Europe.
11/04/2010
Julia Tsenova, Bulgarian pianist and composer (born 1948)
Julia Tsenova was a Bulgarian composer, pianist and musical pedagogue.
11/04/2009
Gerda Gilboe, Danish actress and singer (born 1914)
Gerda Gilboe was a Danish actress and singer. She appeared in 18 films between 1943 and 2003.
Vishnu Prabhakar, Indian author and playwright (born 1912)
Vishnu Prabhakar was a Hindi writer. He had several short stories, novels, plays and travelogues to his credit. Prabhakar's works have elements of patriotism, nationalism and messages of social upliftment. He was the First Sahitya Academy Award winner from Haryana.
Corín Tellado, Spanish author (born 1927)
María del Socorro Tellado López, known as Corín Tellado, was a Spanish writer of romantic novels and photonovels that were best-sellers in several Spanish-language countries. She published more than 4,000 titles and sold more than 400 million books which have been translated into several languages. She was listed in the 1994 Guinness World Records as having sold the most books written in Spanish, and earlier in 1962 UNESCO declared her the most read Spanish writer after Miguel de Cervantes.
11/04/2008
Merlin German, American sergeant (born 1985)
Merlin German was a United States Marine sergeant stationed in Iraq who survived a roadside bomb blast in 2005. He became a symbol of recovery throughout the United States, soon known as the "Miracle Marine," during the 17 months he spent hospitalized following the blast. German eventually regained the ability to walk, and set up a charity for child burn victims. Just over three years after the blast, he died following a minor skin graft surgery.
11/04/2007
Roscoe Lee Browne, American actor and director (born 1922)
Roscoe Lee Browne was an American actor and director. He is perhaps best known for his many guest appearances on TV series from the 1970s and 1980s, as well as movies like The Cowboys (1972) with John Wayne, and The World's Greatest Athlete (1973) with John Amos and Jan-Michael Vincent, but his biggest roles were as narrator in Babe and Garfield: A Tale of Two Kitties, which grossed $400 million combined.
Loïc Leferme, French diver (born 1970)
Loïc Leferme was a French diver who was the world free diving record holder until 2 October 2005, when he was surpassed by Herbert Nitsch. Loic was also a founder of AIDA in 1990 with Roland Specker and Claude Chapuis in Nice. In 2002 he set the world free diving record without any breathing apparatus at 162 meters (531 ft). His first world record was 137 meters (449 ft), set in 1999. On 30 October 2004, he extended his own world record to 171 meters (561 ft) in the no-limits free-diving category. The premier advocate of this type of freediving which has come to be known as Chapuis Style Freediving.
Janet McDonald, American lawyer and author (born 1954)
Janet McDonald was an American writer of young adult novels as well as the author of Project Girl, a memoir about her early life in Brooklyn's Farragut Houses and struggle to achieve an Ivy League education. Her best known children's book is Spellbound, which tells the story of a teenaged mother who wins a spelling competition and a college scholarship. The book was named as one of the American Library Association's eighty-four Best Books for Young Adults in 2002. In 2003, her novel Chill Wind won her the John Steptoe Award for New Talent.
Ronald Speirs, Scottish-American colonel (born 1920)
Ronald Charles Speirs was a United States Army officer who served in the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment of the 101st Airborne Division during World War II. He was initially assigned as a platoon leader in B Company of the 1st Battalion of the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment. Speirs was reassigned to D Company of the 2nd Battalion before the invasion of Normandy in June 1944 and later assigned as commander of E Company during an assault on Foy, Belgium, after the siege of Bastogne was broken during the Battle of the Bulge. He finished the war in the European Theater as a captain. Speirs served in the Korean War, as a major commanding a rifle company and as a staff officer. He later became the American governor for Spandau Prison in Berlin. He retired as a lieutenant colonel.
Kurt Vonnegut, American novelist, short story writer, and playwright (born 1922)
Kurt Vonnegut was an American author known for his satirical and darkly humorous novels. His published work includes fourteen novels, three short-story collections, five plays, and five nonfiction works over fifty years; further works have been published since his death.
11/04/2006
June Pointer, American singer (born 1953)
June Antoinette Pointer was an American singer, best known as the youngest of the founding members of the vocal group the Pointer Sisters.
DeShaun Holton, American rapper and actor (born 1973)
DeShaun Dupree Holton, known professionally as Proof, was an American rapper from Detroit, Michigan. During his career, he was a member of the groups 5 Elementz, Funky Cowboys, Promatic, Goon Sqwad, and D12. He was a close childhood friend of rapper Eminem, who also lived in Detroit. Proof was often a hype man at Eminem's concerts.
11/04/2005
André François, Romanian-French cartoonist, painter, and sculptor (born 1915)
André François, born André Farkas, was a Hungarian-born French cartoonist. He was one of the most influential graphic artists of his generation. Since the 1960s he had worked primarily as a painter, sculptor, cartoonist, poster artist, and as an award-winning author and illustrator of children's books.
Lucien Laurent, French footballer and coach (born 1907)
Lucien Laurent was a French footballer who played as a forward. Playing for France, at the 1930 FIFA World Cup, he scored the first ever FIFA World Cup goal against Mexico.
11/04/2003
Cecil Howard Green, English-American geophysicist and businessman, founded Texas Instruments (born 1900)
Cecil Howard Green was a British-born American geophysicist, electrical engineer, and electronics manufacturing executive, who trained at the University of British Columbia and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
11/04/2001
Harry Secombe, Welsh-English actor (born 1921)
Sir Harry Donald Secombe was a Welsh actor, comedian, singer and television presenter. Secombe was a member of the British radio comedy programme The Goon Show (1951–1960), playing many characters, most notably Neddie Seagoon. An accomplished tenor, he also appeared in musicals and films – notably as Mr Bumble in Oliver! (1968) – and, in his later years, was a presenter of television shows incorporating hymns and other devotional songs.
11/04/2000
Diana Darvey, English actress, singer and dancer (born 1945)
Diana Magdalene Roloff, known professionally as Diana Darvey, was a British actress, singer and dancer, best known for her appearances on The Benny Hill Show.
11/04/1999
William H. Armstrong, American author and educator (born 1911)
William Howard Armstrong was an American writer of children's literature and educator, best known for his 1969 novel Sounder, which won the Newbery Medal.
11/04/1997
Muriel McQueen Fergusson, Canadian lawyer and politician, Canadian Speaker of the Senate (born 1899)
Muriel McQueen Fergusson, was a Canadian activist, judge and politician. Fergusson served in the Senate of Canada and as the first woman Speaker of the Senate. She is known for a long career of advocating for the less privileged, most often women.
Wang Xiaobo, contemporary Chinese novelist and essayist (born 1952)
Wang Xiaobo was a Chinese writer known for his sharp irony and critical spirit, through which he portrayed the absurdity and suffering of everyday life. Born in Beijing to an intellectual family, Wang was sent to rural areas in Yunnan in 1968 during the Cultural Revolution. He returned to Beijing in 1972 and worked as a factory worker before enrolling at Renmin University of China in 1978. In 1984 he went to the United States to study at the University of Pittsburgh under historian Cho-yun Hsu, and after returning to China in 1988 he briefly taught at Peking University and Renmin University before becoming a freelance writer in 1992. Wang rose to prominence with his novel The Golden Age, which later became part of his “Age” trilogy together with The Silver Age and The Bronze Age. In the 1990s, he gained particular popularity among Chinese college students and achieved posthumous status as a cultural icon associated with liberal and independent thought in China.
11/04/1996
Jessica Dubroff, American pilot (born 1988)
Jessica Whitney Dubroff was a seven-year-old American student pilot who died while attempting to become the youngest person to fly a light aircraft across the United States. On the second day of her attempt, the Cessna 177B Cardinal single-engine aircraft, piloted by her flight instructor, Joe Reid, crashed during a rainstorm immediately after takeoff from Cheyenne Regional Airport in Cheyenne, Wyoming, killing Dubroff, her 57-year-old father Lloyd Dubroff, and Reid.
11/04/1992
James Brown, American actor and singer (born 1920)
James Edward Brown was an American film and television actor. He was perhaps best known for playing Lt. Ripley Masters in the American western television series The Adventures of Rin Tin Tin.
Eve Merriam, American author and poet (born 1916)
Eve Merriam was an American poet and writer.
Alejandro Obregón, Colombian painter, sculptor, and engraver (born 1920)
Alejandro Jesús Obregón Rosės was a Colombian painter, muralist, sculptor and engraver.
11/04/1991
Walker Cooper, American baseball player and manager (born 1915)
William Walker Cooper was an American professional baseball catcher and manager. He played in Major League Baseball as a catcher from 1940 to 1957, most notably as a member of the St. Louis Cardinals with whom he won two World Series championships. An eight-time All-Star, Cooper was known as one of the top catchers in baseball during the 1940s and early 1950s. His elder brother Mort Cooper, also played in Major League Baseball as a pitcher.
Bruno Hoffmann. German glass harp player (born 1913)
Bruno Hoffmann was a German glass harpist. Hoffmann is widely acknowledged as the virtuoso who reanimated contemporary interest in the glass harp and glass harmonica.
11/04/1990
Harold Ballard, Canadian businessman (born 1903)
Harold Edwin Ballard was a Canadian businessman and sportsman. Ballard was an owner of the Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League (NHL) as well as their home arena, Maple Leaf Gardens. A member of the Leafs organization from 1940 and a senior executive from 1957, he became part-owner of the team in 1961 and was majority owner from February 1972 until his death. He won Stanley Cups in 1962, 1963, 1964 and 1967, all as part-owner. He was also the owner of the Hamilton Tiger-Cats of the Canadian Football League (CFL) for 10 years from 1978 to 1988, winning a Grey Cup championship in 1986. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame (1977) and the Canadian Football Hall of Fame (1987). His is one of seven names to be on both the Stanley Cup and Grey Cup.
11/04/1987
Erskine Caldwell, American novelist and short story writer (born 1903)
Erskine Preston Caldwell was an American novelist and short story writer. His writings about poverty, racism and social problems in his native Southern United States, in novels such as Tobacco Road (1932) and God's Little Acre (1933), won him critical acclaim.
Primo Levi, Italian chemist and author (born 1919)
Primo Michele Levi was a Jewish Italian chemist, partisan, Holocaust survivor and writer. He was the author of several books, collections of short stories, essays, poems and one novel. His best-known works include: If This Is a Man, his account of the year he spent as a prisoner in the Auschwitz concentration camp in Nazi-occupied Poland; and The Periodic Table (1975), a collection of mostly autobiographical short stories, each named after a chemical element which plays a role in each story, which the Royal Institution named the best science book ever written.
11/04/1985
Bunny Ahearne, Irish-born English businessman (born 1900)
John Francis "Bunny" Ahearne was a British ice hockey administrator and businessman. He served rotating terms as president and vice-president of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) from 1951 to 1975, and was the secretary of the British Ice Hockey Association from 1934 to 1971, and later its president until 1982. He began in hockey by managing the last Great Britain team to win a gold medal at the Winter Olympic Games, before moving to the international stage. He implemented business reforms at the IIHF, oversaw the growth of ice hockey to new countries, and expanded the Ice Hockey World Championships. He was inducted into both the Hockey Hall of Fame and the British Ice Hockey Hall of Fame during his lifetime and was posthumously inducted into the IIHF Hall of Fame.
John Gilroy, English artist and illustrator (born 1898)
John Thomas Young Gilroy was an English artist and illustrator, best known for his advertising posters for Guinness, the Irish stout. He signed many of his works, simply, "Gilroy".
Enver Hoxha, Albanian educator and politician, 21st Prime Minister of Albania (born 1908)
Enver Halil Hoxha was an Albanian communist revolutionary, statesman, and political theorist who was the leader of Albania from 1944 until his death in 1985. He was the First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania from 1941 until his death, a member of its Politburo, chairman of the Democratic Front of Albania, and commander-in-chief of the Albanian People's Army. He was the twenty-second prime minister of Albania from 1944 to 1954 and at various times served as his own foreign minister and defence minister.
11/04/1984
Edgar V. Saks, Estonian historian and politician, Estonian Minister of Education (born 1910)
Edgar Valter Saks was an Estonian amateur historian and author. He was the Estonian exile government's minister of education in exile from 1971 until his death.
11/04/1983
Dolores del Río, Mexican actress (born 1904)
María de los Dolores Asúnsolo y López Negrete, known professionally as Dolores del Río, was a Mexican actress. With a career spanning more than 50 years, she is regarded as the first major female Latin American crossover star in Hollywood. Along with a notable career in American cinema during the 1920s and 1930s, she was also considered one of the most important female figures in the Golden Age of Mexican cinema, and one of the most beautiful actresses of her era.
11/04/1981
Caroline Gordon, American author and critic (born 1895)
Caroline Ferguson Gordon was an American novelist and literary critic who, while still in her thirties, received a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1932 and an O. Henry Award in 1934. Her early fiction was influenced by her association with the Southern Agrarians.
11/04/1980
Ümit Kaftancıoğlu, Turkish journalist and producer (born 1935)
Ümit Kaftancıoğlu was a Turkish TV producer, writer and columnist of the newspaper Cumhuriyet.
11/04/1977
Jacques Prévert, French poet and screenwriter (born 1900)
Jacques Prévert was a French poet and screenwriter. His poems became and remain popular in the French-speaking world, particularly in schools. His best-regarded films formed part of the poetic realist movement, and include Les Enfants du Paradis (1945). He published his first book in 1946.
Phanishwar Nath 'Renu', Indian author and activist (born 1921)
Phanishwar Nath Mandal 'Renu' was one of the most successful and influential writers of modern Hindi literature in the post-Premchand era. He is the author of Maila Anchal, which after Premchand's Godaan, is regarded as the most significant Hindi novel. Phanishwar Nath (Mandal) Renu was born on 4 March 1921 in a small village Aurahi Hingna near Simraha railway station in Bihar. The mandal community of Bihar to which Renu belonged constitutes an under-privileged social group in India. Renu's family, however, enjoyed the benefits of land, education, and social prestige. Renu's father, Shilanath Mandal, had been active in the Indian National Movement and was an extremely enlightened individual, taking a keen interest in modern ideas, culture and art.
11/04/1974
Ernst Ziegler, German actor (born 1894)
Ernst Ziegler was a German film and television actor.
11/04/1970
Cathy O'Donnell, American actress (born 1923)
Cathy O'Donnell was an American actress who appeared in The Best Years of Our Lives, Ben-Hur, and films noir such as Detective Story and They Live by Night.
John O'Hara, American novelist and short story writer (born 1905)
John Henry O'Hara was an American writer. He was one of America's most prolific writers of short stories, credited with helping to invent The New Yorker magazine short story style. He became a best-selling novelist before the age of 30 with Appointment in Samarra and BUtterfield 8. While O'Hara's legacy as a writer is debated, his work was praised by such contemporaries as Ernest Hemingway and F. Scott Fitzgerald, and his champions rank him highly among the major under-appreciated American writers of the 20th century. Few college students educated after O'Hara's death in 1970 have discovered him, chiefly because he refused to allow his work to be reprinted in anthologies used to teach literature at the college level.
11/04/1967
Thomas Farrell, American general (born 1891)
Major General Thomas Francis Farrell was the Deputy Commanding General and Chief of Field Operations of the Manhattan Project, acting as executive officer to Major General Leslie R. Groves Jr.
Donald Sangster, Jamaican lawyer and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Jamaica (born 1911)
Sir Donald Burns Sangster ON GCVO (26 October 1911 – 11 April 1967) was a Jamaican solicitor and politician, and the second Prime Minister of Jamaica.
11/04/1962
Ukichiro Nakaya, Japanese physicist and academic (born 1900)
Ukichiro Nakaya was a Japanese physicist and science essayist known for his work in glaciology and low-temperature sciences. He is credited with making the first artificial snowflakes.
George Poage, American hurdler and educator (born 1880)
George Coleman Poage was an American track and field athlete. He was the first black and the first African-American athlete to win a medal in the Olympic Games, winning two bronze medals at the 1904 games in St. Louis.
Axel Revold, Norwegian painter (born 1887)
Axel Revold was a Norwegian painter, illustrator, and art professor at the Norwegian National Academy of Fine Arts for twenty years. He was highly decorated for his merits.
11/04/1960
Rosa Grünberg, Swedish actress (born 1878)
Rosalie "Rosa" Grünberg was a Swedish actress and opera soprano singer. She was considered one of the Swedish opera scene's prima donnas.
11/04/1958
Konstantin Yuon, Russian painter and educator (born 1875)
Konstantin Fyodorovich Yuon or Juon was a Russian painter and theatre designer associated with Mir Iskusstva. Later, he co-founded the Union of Russian Artists and the Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia.
11/04/1954
Paul Specht, American violinist and bandleader (born 1895)
Paul Specht was an American dance bandleader popular in the 1920s.
11/04/1953
Kid Nichols, American baseball player and manager (born 1869)
Charles Augustus "Kid" Nichols was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) pitcher who played for the Boston Beaneaters, St. Louis Cardinals and Philadelphia Phillies from 1890 to 1906. A switch hitter who threw right-handed, he was listed at 5 feet 10 inches (1.78 m) and 175 pounds (79 kg). He is a member of the Baseball Hall of Fame.
11/04/1939
Kurtdereli Mehmet, Turkish wrestler (born 1864)
Kurtdereli Mehmet Pehlivan was a Turkish wrestler. He lived most of his life in the village of Kurtdere, 40 km from Balıkesir. He stood 6'5 (196 cm) tall and weighed 326 lb (148 kg).
11/04/1926
Luther Burbank, American botanist and academic (born 1849)
Luther Burbank was an American botanist, horticulturist, and pioneer in agricultural science who developed more than 800 strains and varieties of plants over his 55-year career. Burbank primarily worked with fruits, flowers, grains, grasses, and vegetables. He developed a spineless cactus and the plumcot.
11/04/1918
Otto Wagner, Austrian architect and urban planner (born 1841)
Otto Koloman Wagner was an Austrian architect, furniture designer and urban planner. He was a leading member of the Vienna Secession movement of architecture, founded in 1897, and the broader Art Nouveau movement. Many of his works are found in his native city of Vienna, and illustrate the rapid evolution of architecture during the period. His early works were inspired by classical architecture. By mid-1890s, he had already designed several buildings in what became known as the Vienna Secession style. Beginning in 1898, with his designs of Vienna Metro stations, his style became floral and Art Nouveau, with decoration by Koloman Moser. His later works, 1906 until his death in 1918, had geometric forms and minimal ornament, more clearly expressing their modern structure and materials. Although they are considered predecessors to modern architecture they remain within the larger classical tradition of the Schinkel School in Germany and Central Europe.
11/04/1916
Richard Harding Davis, American journalist and author (born 1864)
Richard Harding Davis was an American journalist and writer of fiction and drama, known foremost as the first American war correspondent to cover the Spanish–American War, the Second Boer War, and World War I. His writing greatly assisted the political career of Theodore Roosevelt. He also played a major role in the evolution of the American magazine. His influence extended to the world of fashion, and he is credited with making the clean-shaven look popular among men at the turn of the 20th century.
11/04/1908
Henry Bird, English chess player and author (born 1829)
Henry Edward Bird was an English chess player, author and accountant. He wrote the books Chess History and Reminiscences and An Analysis of Railways in the United Kingdom.
11/04/1906
James Anthony Bailey, American businessman, co-founded Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus (born 1847)
James Anthony Bailey was an American owner and manager of several 19th-century circuses, including the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus.
Francis Pharcellus Church, American journalist and publisher, co-founded Armed Forces Journal and The Galaxy Magazine (born 1839)
Francis Pharcellus Church was an American publisher and editor. In 1897, Church wrote the editorial "Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus". Produced in response to eight-year-old Virginia O'Hanlon's letter asking whether Santa Claus was real, the widely republished editorial has become one of the most famous ever written.
11/04/1903
Gemma Galgani, Italian mystic and saint (born 1878)
Gemma Umberta Maria Galgani, also known as Gemma of Lucca, was an Italian mystic, canonized as a saint in the Catholic Church in 1940. She has been called the "daughter of the Passion" because of her profound imitation of the Passion of Christ. She is especially venerated in the Congregation of the Passion of Jesus (Passionists).
11/04/1902
Wade Hampton III, Confederate general and politician, 77th Governor of South Carolina (born 1818)
Wade Hampton III was an American politician from South Carolina. He was a prominent member of one of the richest families in the antebellum Southern United States, owning thousands of acres of cotton land in South Carolina and Mississippi, as well as thousands of slaves. He became a senior general in the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia during the American Civil War. He also had a career as a leading Democratic Party politician in state and national affairs.
11/04/1895
Julius Lothar Meyer, German chemist (born 1830)
Julius Lothar Meyer was a German chemist. He was one of the pioneers in developing the earliest versions of the periodic table of the chemical elements. The Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev and he both had worked with Robert Bunsen. Meyer never used his first given name and was simply known as Lothar Meyer throughout his life.
11/04/1894
Constantin Lipsius, German architect and theorist (born 1832)
Johannes Wilhelm Constantin Lipsius was a German architect and architectural theorist, best known for his controversial design of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts and Exhibition Building (1883–1894) on the Brühl Terrace in Dresden, today known as the Lipsius-Bau.
11/04/1890
David de Jahacob Lopez Cardozo, Dutch Talmudist (born 1808)
David de Jahacob Lopez Cardozo was a Dutch Talmudist and communal worker. He was sent at an early age to the bet ha-midrash 'Etz Chayyim, studied under Rabbi Berenstein at The Hague, and received his diploma of "Morenu" in 1839.
Joseph Merrick, English man with severe deformities (born 1862)
Joseph Carey Merrick was an English man known for his severe physical deformities. He was first exhibited at a freak show under the stage name "The Elephant Man", and then went to live at the London Hospital, in Whitechapel, after meeting the surgeon Sir Frederick Treves. Despite his challenges, Merrick created detailed artistic works, such as intricate models of buildings, and became well known in London society.
11/04/1873
Edward Canby, American general (born 1817)
Edward Richard Sprigg Canby was a career United States Army officer and a Union general in the American Civil War. He served as a military governor after the war.
11/04/1870
Justo José de Urquiza, Argentine general, politician and first constitutional president of Argentina (born 1801)
Justo José de Urquiza y García was an Argentine general and politician who served as president of the Argentine Confederation from 1854 to 1860.
11/04/1861
Francisco González Bocanegra, Mexican poet and composer (born 1824)
Francisco González Bocanegra was a Mexican poet who wrote the lyrics of the Mexican National Anthem in 1853.
11/04/1856
Juan Santamaría, Costa Rican soldier (born 1831)
Juan Santamaría Rodríguez was a drummer in the Costa Rican army, officially recognized as the national hero of his country for his actions in the 1856 Second Battle of Rivas, in the Filibuster War. He died in the battle carrying a torch he used to light the enemy stronghold on fire, securing a victory for Costa Rica against American mercenary William Walker and his forces. Thirty five years after his death, he began to be idolized and was used as a propaganda tool to inspire Costa Rican nationalism. A national holiday in Costa Rica, Juan Santamaría Day, is held annually on April 11 to commemorate his death.
11/04/1798
Karl Wilhelm Ramler, German poet and academic (born 1725)
Karl Wilhelm Ramler was a German poet who was the Berlin Cadet School master.
11/04/1783
Nikita Ivanovich Panin, Polish-Russian politician, Russian Minister of Foreign Affairs (born 1718)
Count Nikita Ivanovich Panin was an influential Russian statesman and political mentor to Catherine the Great for the first 18 years of her reign (1762–1780). In that role, he advocated the Northern Alliance, closer ties with Frederick the Great of Prussia and the establishment of an advisory privy council. His staunch opposition to the Partitions of Poland led to his being replaced by the more compliant Prince Alexander Bezborodko. Catherine appointed many men to the Senate who were related to Panin's powerful family.
11/04/1723
John Robinson, English bishop and diplomat (born 1650)
John Robinson was an English diplomat and prelate. He became the Bishop of London and Dean of Windsor, succeeding to Henry Compton.
11/04/1712
Richard Simon, French priest and critic (born 1638)
Richard Simon CO, was a French priest, a member of the Oratorians, who was an influential biblical critic, orientalist and controversialist.
11/04/1626
Marino Ghetaldi, Ragusan mathematician and physicist (born 1568)[citation needed]
Marino Ghetaldi was a Ragusan scientist. A mathematician and physicist who studied in Italy, England and Belgium, his best results are mainly in physics, especially optics, and mathematics. He was one of the few students of François Viète and friend of Giovanni Camillo Glorioso.
11/04/1612
Emanuel van Meteren, Flemish historian and author (born 1535)
Emanuel van Meteren or Meteeren was a Flemish historian and Consul for "the Traders of the Low Countries" in London. He was born in Antwerp, the son of Sir Jacobus van Meteren, Dutch financier and publisher of early English versions of the Bible, and Ottilia Ortellius, of the famous Ortellius family of mapmakers, and nephew of the cartographer Abraham Ortelius.
Edward Wightman, English minister and martyr (born 1566)
Edward Wightman was an English radical Anabaptist minister, who was known for his Nontrinitarian view.
11/04/1609
John Lumley, 1st Baron Lumley, English noble (born 1533)
John Lumley, 1st Baron Lumley, KB was an English aristocrat, who is remembered as one of the greatest collectors of art and books of his age.
11/04/1587
Thomas Bromley, English lord chancellor (born 1530)
Sir Thomas Bromley was a 16th-century lawyer, judge and politician who established himself in the mid-Tudor period and rose to prominence during the reign of Elizabeth I. He was successively Solicitor General and Lord Chancellor of England. He presided over the trial of Mary, Queen of Scots and died three months after her execution.
11/04/1554
Thomas Wyatt the Younger, English rebel leader (born 1521)
Sir Thomas Wyatt the Younger was an English politician and rebel leader during the reign of Queen Mary I; his rising is traditionally called "Wyatt's rebellion". He was the son of the English poet and ambassador Sir Thomas Wyatt.
11/04/1512
Gaston de Foix, French military commander (born 1489)
Gaston de Foix, duc de Nemours, nicknamed The Thunderbolt of Italy, was a famed French military commander of the Renaissance. Nephew of King Louis XII of France and general of his armies in Italy from 1511 to 1512, he is noted for his military feats in a career which lasted no longer than a few months. The young general is regarded as a stellar commander well ahead of his time. An adept of lightning fast forced marches as well as sudden and bold offensives that destabilized contemporary armies and commanders, De Foix is mostly remembered for his six-month campaign against the Holy League in the War of the League of Cambrai. He met his end in said conflict, at the age of 22, during the Battle of Ravenna (1512), the last of his triumphs.
11/04/1447
Henry Beaufort, Cardinal, Lord Chancellor of England (born 1377)
Henry Beaufort was an English Catholic prelate and statesman who held the offices of Bishop of Lincoln (1398), Bishop of Winchester (1404) and cardinal (1426). He served three times as Lord Chancellor and played an important role in English politics.
11/04/1349
Ramadan ibn Alauddin, first known Muslim from Korea
Ramadan ibn Alauddin was a Yuan darughachi (governor) of Luchuan Prefecture in Rongzhou, Guangxi Province, of Muslim faith and Korean provenance. He served until his death in 1349. His existence is known only from an epitaph in the cemetery of the Huaisheng Mosque in Guangzhou. Ramadan is notable for being the first named Muslim from Korea, although it is unclear whether he was of Korean ethnicity.
11/04/1240
Llywelyn the Great, Welsh prince (born 1172)
Llywelyn ab Iorwerth or Llywelyn Fawr was Prince of Gwynedd from 1199 to 1240. His reign saw Gwynedd transformed from a territory suffering from thirty years of civil war into a polity which could exercise suzerainty over most other native Welsh rulers. He received official recognition of his status from the English Crown, but experienced difficulty establishing lasting control over his ostensible vassals and struggled to ensure a smooth succession for his chosen heir, Dafydd ap Llywelyn, son of Llywelyn and Joan, a daughter of King John. He suffered a paralytic stroke in 1237, and died on 11 April 1240, leaving Dafydd to succeed him to the precarious principality.
11/04/1165
Stephen IV, king of Hungary and Croatia
Stephen IV was King of Hungary and Croatia, ascending to the throne between 1163 and 1165, when he usurped the crown of his nephew, Stephen III. He was the third son of Béla II of Hungary, and when his conspiracy against his brother Géza II failed, he was exiled from Hungary in the summer of 1157. He first sought refuge in the Holy Roman Empire, but received no support from Emperor Frederick I. Shortly afterwards he moved to the Byzantine Empire, where he married a niece of Emperor Manuel I Komnenos, Maria Komnene, and converted to the Eastern Orthodox Church.
11/04/1079
Stanislaus of Szczepanów, bishop of Kraków (born 1030)
Stanislaus of Szczepanów was a Polish Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Kraków and was martyred by the Polish King Bolesław II the Bold. He is the patron saint of Poland.
11/04/1077
Anawrahta, king of Burma and founder of the Pagan Empire (born 1014)
Anawrahta Minsaw was the founder of the Pagan Empire. Considered the father of the Burmese nation, Anawrahta turned a small principality in the dry zone of Upper Burma into the first Burmese Empire that formed the basis of modern-day Burma (Myanmar). Historically verifiable Burmese history begins with his accession to the Pagan throne in 1044.
11/04/1034
Romanos III Argyros, Byzantine emperor (born 968)
Romanos III Argyros, or Argyropoulos, was Byzantine Emperor from 1028 until his death in 1034. He was a Byzantine noble and senior official in Constantinople when the dying Constantine VIII forced him to divorce his wife and marry the emperor's daughter, Zoë. Upon Constantine's death three days later, Romanos took the throne.
11/04/0924
Herman I, chancellor and archbishop of Cologne
Herman I served as Archbishop of Cologne from 889, until his death around 924. He was the son of Erenfried I of Maasgau, of the Ezzonian dynasty. As chancellor of Zwentibold, King of Lotharingia, he helped to execute in 911 his kingdom's annexation to West Francia. In 921, he was a signatory of the Treaty of Bonn and, in 922, participated in the Synod of Koblenz.
11/04/0678
Donus, pope of the Catholic Church (born 610)
Pope Donus was the bishop of Rome from 676 to his death on 11 April 678. Few details survive about him or his achievements beyond what is recorded in the Liber Pontificalis.
11/04/0618
Yang Guang, Chinese emperor of the Sui Dynasty (born 569)
Emperor Yang of Sui, personal name Yang Guang (楊廣), alternative name Ying (英), childhood name Amo (阿摩), Xianbei name Puliuru Guang (普六茹廣), was the second emperor of the Sui dynasty of China.
Celebrations & Special Days Worldwide on 11th April
Christian feast day: Antipas of Pergamum (Greek Orthodox Church)
Saint Antipas was, according to the Commentary on the Apocalypse of Andreas of Caesarea, the Antipas referred to in Revelation 2:13, as the verse says: "I know thy works, and where thou dwellest, even where Satan's seat is: and thou holdest fast my name, and hast not denied my faith, even in those days wherein Antipas was my faithful martyr, who was slain among you, where Satan dwelleth." According to Christian tradition, John the Apostle ordained Antipas as bishop of Pergamon during the reign of the Roman emperor Nero. The traditional accounts go on to say Antipas was martyred during the reign of Nero (54-68) or Domitian, by burning in a brazen bull-shaped altar for casting out demons worshipped by the local population.
Christian feast day: Barsanuphius
Barsanuphius, also known as Barsanuphius of Palestine, Barsanuphius of Gaza or Barsanuphius the Great, was a Christian hermit and writer of the sixth century. He is considered one of the Desert Fathers.
Christian feast day: Elena Guerra
Elena Guerra, OSS was an Italian Catholic religious sister who founded the Oblates of the Holy Spirit. Guerra was a strong proponent of the Holy Spirit as a motivation to do pious works. She dedicated her life particularly to the education of Chinese and African girls.
Christian feast day: Gemma Galgani
Gemma Umberta Maria Galgani, also known as Gemma of Lucca, was an Italian mystic, canonized as a saint in the Catholic Church in 1940. She has been called the "daughter of the Passion" because of her profound imitation of the Passion of Christ. She is especially venerated in the Congregation of the Passion of Jesus (Passionists).
Christian feast day: Blessed George Gervase
Beatification is a recognition accorded by the Catholic Church of a deceased person's entrance into Heaven and capacity to intercede on behalf of individuals who pray in their name. Beati is the plural form, referring to those who have undergone the process of beatification; they possess the title of "Blessed" before their names and are often referred to in English as "a Blessed" or, plurally, "Blesseds".
Christian feast day: Godeberta
Godeberta was a saint and abbess. She was born of "pious parents" in Amiens, France, north of Paris. Her parents were nobles attached to the king's court, so she was carefully educated. When Godeberta was old enough, her father took her to the king's court to obtain permission to "marry her to someone of suitable rank and fortune". Saint Eligius, who was present at court, was able to see that she wanted to "dedicate her virginity to God", and took off his episcopal ring and placed it on her finger in the presence of the king, pronouncing her a nun. Godeberta refused offers of marriage by her noble suitors, and the king, impressed with her zeal and conduct, endowed Godeberta with a small palace in nearby Noyon, north of France, with a chapel dedicated to Saint George. She turned her home into a monastery, where she was abbess for 12 young women. She chose Eligius as her spiritual guide.
Christian feast day: Guthlac of Crowland
Saint Guthlac of Crowland was a Christian hermit and saint from Lincolnshire in England. He is particularly venerated in the Fens of eastern England.
Christian feast day: George Selwyn (Anglicanism)
George Augustus Selwyn was the first Anglican Bishop of New Zealand. He was Bishop of New Zealand from 1841 to 1869. His diocese was then subdivided and Selwyn was Metropolitan of New Zealand from 1858 to 1868. Returning to Britain, Selwyn served as Bishop of Lichfield from 1868 to 1878.
Christian feast day: Stanislaus of Szczepanów
Stanislaus of Szczepanów was a Polish Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Kraków and was martyred by the Polish King Bolesław II the Bold. He is the patron saint of Poland.
Christian feast day: April 11 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
April 10 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - April 12
Juan Santamaría Day, anniversary of his death in the Second Battle of Rivas. (Costa Rica)
The following are the national public holidays of Costa Rica. Of the twelve days, nine are paid holidays and three are not.
International Louie Louie Day
"Louie Louie" is a rhythm and blues song written, composed, and recorded by American musician Richard Berry in 1956 and released in 1957. It is best known for the 1963 hit version by the Kingsmen and the attendant controversy over allegedly profane lyrics. The song is based on the tune "El Loco Cha Cha" popularized by bandleader René Touzet and is an example of Afro-Cuban influence on American popular music.
World Parkinson's Day
Parkinson's disease (PD), or simply Parkinson's, is a neurodegenerative disease primarily of the central nervous system, affecting both motor and non-motor systems. The motor symptoms, collectively called parkinsonism, include tremors, slowness in initiating movement (bradykinesia), rigidity, and difficulty maintaining balance. Non-motor symptoms such as autonomic nervous system failures (dysautonomia), sleep abnormalities, decreased ability to smell (anosmia), and behavioral changes or neuropsychiatric problems, such as cognitive impairment, psychosis, and anxiety, may appear at any stage of the disease. Symptoms typically develop gradually, and non-motor issues become more prevalent as the disease progresses.
What Happened on 11th April?
56 significant events took place on Tuesday, 11th April — stretching from 491 to 2023. Explore the moments that shaped history on this day.
11/04/2023
During the Pazigyi massacre, an airstrike conducted by the Myanmar Air Force kills at least 100 villagers in Pazigyi, Sagaing Region.
On 11 April 2023, the Myanmar Air Force massacred at least 165 people in the village of Pazigyi, Kantbalu Township, which is located 92 miles (148 km) west of Mandalay, Myanmar's second largest city. The air force used fighter jets and helicopters to attack a large crowd of people gathering for the opening of a local office of an opposition movement. The Pazigyi attack was the junta's deadliest attack since seizing power in the 2021 coup d'état.
11/04/2021
Twenty-year-old Daunte Wright is shot and killed in Brooklyn Center, Minnesota, by officer Kimberly Potter, sparking protests in the city, when the officer mistakes her pistol for her taser.
On April 11, 2021, Daunte Wright, a 20-year-old American man, was fatally shot in Brooklyn Center, Minnesota, by police officer Kimberly Potter during a traffic stop and attempted arrest for an outstanding warrant. After a brief struggle with officers, Potter shot Wright in the chest once at close range. Wright then drove off a short distance until his vehicle collided with another and hit a concrete barrier. An officer administered CPR to Wright; paramedics were unable to revive him, and he was pronounced dead at the scene. Potter said she meant to use her service Taser, shouting "Taser! Taser! Taser!" just before mistakenly firing her service pistol instead.
11/04/2018
An Ilyushin Il-76 owned and operated by the Algerian Air Force crashes near Boufarik, Algeria, killing 257.
The Ilyushin Il-76 is a multi-purpose, fixed-wing, four-engine turbofan strategic airlifter designed by the Soviet Union's Ilyushin design bureau as a commercial freighter in 1967, to replace the Antonov An-12. It was developed to deliver heavy machinery to remote and poorly served areas. Military versions of the Il-76 have been widely used in Europe, Asia and Africa, including use as an aerial refueling tanker and command center.
11/04/2017
The tour bus of the German football team Borussia Dortmund is attacked with roadside bombs in Dortmund, Germany. Three bombs exploded as the bus ferried the team to the Westfalenstadion for the first leg of their quarter-final against Monaco.
Ballspielverein Borussia 09 e. V. Dortmund, often known simply as Borussia Dortmund or by its initialism BVB, or just Dortmund by international fans, is a German professional sports club based in Dortmund, North Rhine-Westphalia. It is best known for its men's professional football team, which plays in the Bundesliga, the top tier of the German football league system.
11/04/2012
A pair of great earthquakes occur in the Wharton Basin west of Sumatra in Indonesia. The maximum Mercalli intensity of this strike-slip doublet earthquake is VII (Very strong). Ten are killed, twelve are injured, and a non-destructive tsunami is observed on the island of Nias.
The 2012 Indian Ocean earthquakes were magnitude 8.6 and 8.2 Mw undersea earthquakes that struck near the Indonesian province of Aceh on 11 April at 15:38 local time. Initially, authorities feared that the initial earthquake would cause a tsunami and warnings were issued across the Indian Ocean; however, these warnings were subsequently cancelled. These were unusually large intraplate earthquakes and the largest strike-slip earthquake ever recorded.
11/04/2011
An explosion in the Minsk Metro, Belarus, kills 15 people and injures 204 others.
The 2011 Minsk Metro bombing took place on 11 April 2011 when 15 people were killed and 315 were injured when a bomb exploded within the Minsk Metro, Belarus. The explosion happened at the central Kastrychnitskaya station at 17:55 local time.
11/04/2008
Kata Air Transport Flight 007 crashes while attempting an emergency landing at Chișinău International Airport, killing eight.
Kata Air Transport Flight 007 was an international flight from Vienna to Khartoum, with stopovers on Chișinău and Antalya. On April 11, 2008, the Antonov An-32 crashed short of the runway, near Băcioi. All eight people were killed.
11/04/2007
Algiers bombings: Two bombings in Algiers kill 33 people and wound a further 222 others.
The Algiers Government Palace bombings occurred on 11 April 2007 when two suicide car bombs exploded in the Algerian capital Algiers.
11/04/2006
Iranian president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad announces Iran's claim to have successfully enriched uranium.
The president of the Islamic Republic of Iran is the head of government of Iran. While the president is also Iran's head of state, the system of government established after the Islamic Revolution provides that the president must perform his functions in conformity with the directives of the supreme leader, who is the highest political and religious authority in the country.
11/04/2002
The Ghriba synagogue bombing by al-Qaeda kills 21 in Tunisia.
The Ghriba synagogue bombing was carried out by Niser bin Muhammad Nasr Nawar on the El Ghriba synagogue in Tunisia in 2002.
Over two hundred thousand people march in Caracas towards the presidential palace to demand the resignation of President Hugo Chávez. Nineteen protesters are killed.
A failed coup d'état on 11 April 2002 saw Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez, ousted from office for 47 hours before being restored to power. Chávez was aided in his return to power by popular support and mobilization against the coup by loyal ranks in the military. By early 2002, Chávez's approval rating had dropped to around 30%, with many business, church and media leaders being opposed to Chávez's use of emergency powers to bypass the National Assembly and institute significant government changes, arguing they were increasingly authoritarian. Meanwhile, the growing dissatisfaction with Chávez among those in the military due to his aggressive manner and alliances with Cuba and paramilitaries led multiple officers to call on Chávez to resign. Demonstrations and counter-demonstrations took place on a weekly basis as the country became increasingly divided. Retired military officers, former politicians, union leaders, and spokespeople for the Catholic Church claimed they had military support to remove Chávez from power, with an April 6 CIA intelligence report warning that plotters would try to exploit social unrest from upcoming opposition demonstrations for his removal.
11/04/2001
The detained crew of a United States EP-3E aircraft that landed in Hainan, China, after a collision with a J-8 fighter, is released.
The Lockheed EP-3 is an electronic signals reconnaissance variant of the P-3 Orion, primarily operated by the United States Navy.
The Australia national men's soccer team sets a world record for the largest victory in an international association football match, winning the game 31–0 against American Samoa at the 2002 FIFA World Cup qualifiers for OFC. Australia's Archie Thompson also breaks the record for most goals scored by a player in an international match by scoring 13 goals.
The Australia men's national soccer team represents Australia in international men's soccer. Officially nicknamed the Socceroos, the team is controlled by the governing body for soccer in Australia, Football Australia, which is affiliated with the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) and the regional ASEAN Football Federation (AFF).
11/04/1993
Four hundred fifty prisoners riot at the Southern Ohio Correctional Facility in Lucasville, Ohio, and would continue to do so for ten days, citing grievances related to prison conditions, as well as the forced vaccination of Nation of Islam prisoners (for tuberculosis) against their religious beliefs.
A prison riot is an act of concerted defiance or disorder by a group of prisoners against the prison administrators, prison officers, or other groups of prisoners.
Guillem Agulló, pro-Catalan independence and anti-fascist Valencian young activist, is assassinated by a group of Spanish nationalists and neo-nazis in Montanejos.
Guillem Agulló i Salvador was a young Valencian active in the pro-independence and revolutionary political organization Maulets. He was murdered on April 11, 1993 at age 18.
11/04/1990
Customs officers in Middlesbrough, England, seize what they believe to be the barrel of a massive gun on a ship bound for Iraq.
Middlesbrough, colloquially known as Boro, is a port town in North Yorkshire, England. Lying to the south of the River Tees, it lies in the Borough of Middlesbrough, and forms part of the Teesside built-up area and the Tees Valley. The city is governed by the Middlesbrough Council unitary authority, which is divided into twenty wards, and forms part of the Tees Valley Combined Authority along with Darlington, Hartlepool, Redcar and Cleveland, and Stockton-on-Tees. It is represented in Parliament by two MPs. In 2021, it had a population of 148,215.
11/04/1987
The London Agreement is secretly signed between Israeli Foreign Affairs Minister Shimon Peres and King Hussein of Jordan.
The London Agreement between King Hussein of Jordan and Israeli Foreign Affairs Minister Shimon Peres was signed during a secret meeting held at the residence of Lord Mishcon in London on April 11, 1987. Also present in the meeting were Jordanian Prime Minister Zaid al-Rifai and Director General of the Israeli Foreign Affairs Ministry, Yossi Beilin.
11/04/1986
FBI Miami Shootout: A gun battle in broad daylight in Dade County, Florida, between two bank/armored car robbers and pursuing FBI agents. During the firefight, FBI agents Jerry L. Dove and Benjamin P. Grogan are killed, while five other agents are wounded. As a result, the popular .40 S&W cartridge was developed.
On April 11, 1986, a shootout occurred between field agents for the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and two armed men in what is now Pinecrest, Miami-Dade County, Florida. The two men, former U.S. Army servicemen Michael Lee Platt and William Russell Matix, were suspected of committing a series of robberies and violent crimes, including a murder, in and around the Miami metropolitan area.
11/04/1982
American-Israeli reservist Alan Harry Goodman carries out a mass shooting at the Dome of the Rock, killing two Palestinians and injuring at least seven others.
On 11 April 1982, American-Israeli reservist Alan Harry Goodman targeted the Dome of the Rock in a shooting, killing two Palestinians and wounding at least seven.
11/04/1981
A massive riot in Brixton, south London, results in almost 300 police injuries and 65 serious civilian injuries.
The 1981 Brixton riot, or Brixton uprising, was a series of clashes between mainly black youths and the Metropolitan Police in Brixton, London, between 10 and 12 April 1981. It resulted from racial discrimination against the local black community by the mainly white police, notably over the police's increased use of stop-and-search in the area, and tensions resulting from the deaths of 13 black teenagers and young adults in the suspicious New Cross house fire that January. The main riot on 11 April, dubbed "Bloody Saturday" by Time magazine, resulted in 279 injuries to police and 45 injuries to members of the public; over a hundred vehicles were burned, including 56 police vehicles; almost 150 buildings were damaged, thirty of which were burnt out, and many shops were looted. There were 82 arrests. Reports suggested that up to 5,000 people were involved. The Brixton riot was followed by the 1981 England riots in July in many other English cities and towns. The Thatcher government commissioned an inquiry, which resulted in the Scarman Report.
11/04/1979
Ugandan dictator Idi Amin is deposed.
Uganda, officially the Republic of Uganda, is a landlocked country in East Africa. It is bordered to the east by Kenya, to the north by South Sudan, to the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, to the south-west by Rwanda, and to the south by Tanzania. The southern part includes a substantial portion of Lake Victoria, shared with Kenya and Tanzania. Uganda is in the African Great Lakes region, lies within the Nile basin, and has a varied equatorial climate. As of 2024, it had a population of 45.9 million, of whom 1.8 million live in the capital and largest city, Kampala.
11/04/1977
London Transport's Silver Jubilee AEC Routemaster buses are launched.
The London Transport Executive was the executive agency within the Greater London Council, responsible for public transport in Greater London from 1970 to 1984. In common with all London transport authorities from 1933 to 2000, the public name and operational brand of the organisation was London Transport.
11/04/1976
The Apple I is created.
The Apple Computer 1 (Apple-1), often referred to as the Apple I , is an 8-bit personal computer electrically designed by Steve Wozniak and released by the Apple Computer Company in 1976. The company was initially formed to sell the Apple I – its first product – and would later become the world's largest technology company. The idea of starting a company and selling the computer came from Wozniak's friend and Apple co-founder Steve Jobs.
11/04/1970
Apollo Program: Apollo 13 is launched.
The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the United States human spaceflight program led by NASA, which landed the first humans on the Moon in 1969. Apollo was conceived in 1960 in the Dwight D. Eisenhower presidency during Project Mercury and executed after Project Gemini. Apollo was later dedicated to President John F. Kennedy's national goal, "before this decade is out, of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth" in his address to the U.S. Congress on May 25, 1961.
11/04/1968
US President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1968, prohibiting discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of housing.
Lyndon Baines Johnson, also known as LBJ, was the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969. Johnson was vice president under John F. Kennedy from 1961 until Kennedy's assassination in 1963, when he assumed the presidency. Before becoming vice president, he served in both houses of the U.S. Congress, representing Texas as a member of the Democratic Party.
A failed assassination attempt on Rudi Dutschke, leader of the German student movement, leaves Dutschke suffering from brain damage.
Alfred Willi Rudolf Dutschke was a German sociologist and political activist who, until severely injured by an assassin in 1968, was a leading charismatic figure within the Socialist Students Union (SDS) in West Germany, and that country's broader "extra-parliamentary opposition" (APO).
11/04/1965
The Palm Sunday tornado outbreak of 1965: Fifty-five tornadoes hit in six Midwestern states of the United States, killing 266 people.
The 1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak was a historic severe weather event that affected the Midwestern and Southeastern United States on April 10–12, 1965. The tornado outbreak produced 55 confirmed tornadoes in one day and 16 hours. The worst part of the outbreak occurred during the afternoon hours of April 11 into the overnight hours going into April 12. The second-largest tornado outbreak on record at the time, this deadly series of tornadoes inflicted a swath of destruction from Cedar County, Iowa, to Cuyahoga County, Ohio, and a swath 450 miles long (724 km) from Kent County, Michigan, to Montgomery County, Indiana. The main part of the outbreak lasted 16 hours and 35 minutes and is among the most intense outbreaks, in terms of tornado strength, ever recorded, including at least four "double/twin funnel" tornadoes. In all, the outbreak killed 266 people, injured 3,662 others, and caused $1.217 billion in damage.
11/04/1964
Brazilian Marshal Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco is elected president by the National Congress.
Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco was a Brazilian military officer and politician who served as the 26th president of Brazil, the first leader of the Brazilian military dictatorship following the 1964 coup d'état. He was a member of a more liberal "legalist" faction within the regime, as opposed to his more authoritarian successors.
11/04/1963
Pope John XXIII issues Pacem in terris, the first encyclical addressed to all Christians instead of only Catholics, and which described the conditions for world peace in human terms.
Pope John XXIII was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of Vatican City from 28 October 1958 until his death on 3 June 1963.
11/04/1961
The trial of Adolf Eichmann begins in Jerusalem.
Otto Adolf Eichmann was a German-Austrian official of the Nazi Party, an officer of the Schutzstaffel (SS), a convicted war criminal, and one of the major organizers of the Holocaust. He participated in the January 1942 Wannsee Conference, at which the implementation of the genocidal Final Solution to the Jewish Question was planned. Following this, he was tasked by SS-Obergruppenführer Reinhard Heydrich with facilitating and managing the logistics involved in the mass deportation of millions of Jews to Nazi ghettos and Nazi extermination camps across German-occupied Europe. He was captured and detained by the Allies in 1945, but escaped and eventually settled in Argentina. In May 1960, he was tracked down and abducted by Israel's Mossad intelligence agency, and put on trial before the Supreme Court of Israel. The highly publicised Eichmann trial resulted in his conviction in Jerusalem, following which he was executed by hanging in 1962.
11/04/1957
United Kingdom agrees to Singaporean self-rule.
Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is an island country and city-state in Southeast Asia. Its territory comprises a main island, over 60 satellite islands and islets, and one outlying islet. The country is about one degree of latitude north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, bordering the Strait of Malacca to the west, the Singapore Strait to the south along with the Riau Islands in Indonesia, the South China Sea to the east and the Straits of Johor along with the State of Johor in Malaysia to the north.
11/04/1955
The Air India Kashmir Princess is bombed and crashes in a failed assassination attempt on Zhou Enlai by the Kuomintang.
Air India is the flag carrier of India, headquartered in Gurugram, Haryana. Its primary hub is located at Indira Gandhi International Airport in Delhi, with secondary hubs at Kempegowda International Airport and Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport. The airline is owned by Air India Limited, which is owned by the Tata Group (74.9%) and Singapore Airlines (25.1%). As of November 2025, the airline serves 87 domestic and international destinations, operates a variety of Airbus and Boeing aircraft, and is the second-largest airline in India by passenger volume, after IndiGo. Air India became the 27th member of Star Alliance on 11 July 2014.
11/04/1952
Bolivian National Revolution: Rebels take over Palacio Quemado.
The Bolivian Revolution of 1952, also known as the Revolution of '52, was a series of political demonstrations led by the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement (MNR), which, in alliance with the liberals and the communists, sought to overthrow the ruling Bolivian oligarchy and implement a new socioeconomic model in Bolivia. Its main leaders were the former presidents Víctor Paz Estenssoro and Hernán Siles Zuazo. The MNR government after this Revolution lasted from 9 April 1952 until the coup of 4 November 1964. In these twelve years, there was a co-government and at the same time a power struggle between the party and the labor unions.
Pan Am Flight 526A ditches near San Juan-Isla Grande Airport in San Juan, Puerto Rico, after experiencing an engine failure, killing 52 people.
Pan Am Flight 526A, a Douglas DC-4, took off from San Juan-Isla Grande Airport, Puerto Rico, at 12:11 PM AST on April 11, 1952 on a flight to Idlewild International Airport, New York City with 64 passengers and five crew members on board. Due to inadequate maintenance, engine no. 3 failed after takeoff, followed shortly by engine no. 4. Nine minutes after takeoff, the aircraft ditched in rough seas 18 kilometres (11 mi) NW of San Juan Airport, broke apart and sank after three minutes. Panicking passengers refused to leave the sinking wreck. 52 passengers were killed, and 17 passengers and crew members were rescued by the United States Coast Guard. After this accident, it was recommended to implement pre-flight safety demonstrations for over-water flights.
11/04/1951
Korean War: President Truman relieves Douglas MacArthur of the command of American forces in Korea and Japan.
The Korean War was an armed conflict fought on the Korean Peninsula between North Korea and South Korea and their allies. North Korea was supported by China and the Soviet Union, while South Korea was supported by the United Nations led by the United States under the auspices of the United Nations Command (UNC). The conflict was one of the first major proxy wars of the Cold War and one of its deadliest conflicts on noncombatants, as it is estimated that 1.5 to 3 million civilians were killed during the war. The war was the first time the United Nations Security Council authorized the use of force under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter.
The Stone of Scone, the stone upon which Scottish monarchs were traditionally crowned, is found on the site of the altar of Arbroath Abbey. It had been taken by Scottish nationalist students from its place in Westminster Abbey.
The Stone of Scone is an oblong block of red sandstone that was used in the coronation of Scottish monarchs until the 13th century when it was seized by Edward I during the First War of Scottish Independence and taken to England. Thereafter, it was used in the coronation of English and later British monarchs.
11/04/1945
World War II: American forces liberate the Buchenwald concentration camp.
World War II, or the Second World War, was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies and the Axis powers. Nearly all of the world's countries participated. Tanks and aircraft played major roles, the latter enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the only nuclear weapons used in war. World War II was the deadliest conflict in history, causing the death of 60 to 75 million people. Millions died as a result of massacres, starvation, disease, and genocides, including the Holocaust. After the Allied victory, Germany, Austria, Japan, and Korea were occupied, and German and Japanese leaders were tried for war crimes.
11/04/1935
Stresa Front: Opening of the conference between the British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald, the Italian Prime Minister Benito Mussolini and the French Minister for Foreign Affairs Pierre Laval to condemn the German violations of the Treaty of Versailles.
The Stresa Front was an agreement made in Stresa, a town on the banks of Lake Maggiore in Italy, between French prime minister Pierre-Étienne Flandin, British prime minister Ramsay MacDonald, and Italian prime minister Benito Mussolini on 14 April 1935. Practically, the Stresa Front was an alliance between France, Italy, and the United Kingdom, aimed against Nazi Germany.
11/04/1921
Emir Abdullah establishes the first centralised government in the newly created British protectorate of Transjordan.
Emir, also transliterated as amir, is a word of Arabic origin that can refer to a male monarch, aristocrat, holder of high-ranking military or political office, or other person possessing actual or ceremonial authority. The title has a history of use in West Asia, East Africa, West Africa, Central Asia, and South Asia. In the modern era, when used as a formal monarchical title, it is roughly synonymous with "prince", applicable both to a son of a hereditary monarch, and to a reigning monarch of a sovereign principality, namely an emirate. The feminine form is emira, with the same meaning as "princess".
11/04/1909
The city of Tel Aviv is founded.
Tel Aviv, officially Tel Aviv-Yafo, and also known as Tel Aviv-Jaffa, is the most populous city in the Gush Dan metropolitan area of Israel. Located on the Israeli Mediterranean coastline and with a population of 494,900, it is the economic and technological center of the country and a global high-tech hub. If East Jerusalem is considered part of Israel, Tel Aviv is the country's second-most-populous city, after Jerusalem; if not, Tel Aviv is the most populous city, ahead of West Jerusalem.
11/04/1908
SMS Blücher, the last armored cruiser to be built by the Imperial German Navy, is launched.
SMS Blücher was the last armored cruiser built for the German Kaiserliche Marine beginning in 1907. She was designed in response to the latest British armored cruisers, but the British had already begun work on the Invincible-class battlecruisers, which marked a significant increase in firepower over earlier armored cruisers. Blücher was armed with a main battery of twelve 21 cm (8.3 in) guns, compared to the eight 30.5 cm (12 in) guns of the British ships. Blücher entered service after the Invincibles were commissioned, and as a result, was obsolescent at the start of her career.
11/04/1885
Luton Town F.C. is founded.
Luton Town Football Club is a professional football club from Luton, Bedfordshire, England. The club currently competes in EFL League One, the third tier of the English football league system. Nicknamed "The Hatters", Luton have played their home games at Kenilworth Road since 1905.
11/04/1881
Spelman College is founded in Atlanta, Georgia, as the Atlanta Baptist Female Seminary, an institute of higher education for African-American women.
Spelman College is a private, historically Black, women's liberal arts college in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It is a founding member of the Atlanta University Center academic consortium. Founded in 1881 as the Atlanta Baptist Female Seminary, Spelman awarded its first college degrees in 1901 and is the oldest private historically Black liberal arts institution for women.
11/04/1876
The Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks is organized.
The Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks (BPOE), commonly known as the Elks Lodge or simply The Elks, is an American fraternal order and charitable organization founded in 1868 in New York City. Originally established as a social club for entertainers active in theatrical and minstrel show circuits, it evolved into a nationwide fraternal organization dedicated to charitable, civic, and community service. With over 750,000 members across 1,700-plus local lodges, the Elks are known for philanthropic programs supporting veterans, youth scholarships, and disaster relief. The organization upholds four pillars—Charity, Justice, Brotherly Love, and Fidelity—and maintains traditions like the 11 o'clock toast to absent members. Historically membership was limited to white male citizens; these requirements were revised through legal decisions and internal rule changes beginning in the 1970s and continuing into the 1990s. Today, The Elks now admits all U.S. citizens over 21 who profess belief in God. The Elks National Memorial and Headquarters in Chicago, was originally dedicated in 1926 to members who served in World War I and later rededicated to honor American veterans more broadly.
11/04/1868
Former shōgun Tokugawa Yoshinobu surrenders Edo Castle to Imperial forces, marking the end of the Tokugawa shogunate.
Shōgun , officially sei-i taishōgun , was the title of the military rulers of Japan during most of the period spanning from 1185 to 1868. Nominally appointed by the Emperor, shoguns were usually the de facto rulers of the country, except during parts of the Kamakura period and Sengoku period when the shoguns themselves were figureheads, with real power in the hands of the shikken (執権) of the Hōjō clan and kanrei (管領) of the Hosokawa clan. In addition, Taira no Kiyomori and Toyotomi Hideyoshi were leaders of the warrior class who did not hold the position of shogun, the highest office of the warrior class, yet gained the positions of daijō-daijin and kampaku , the highest offices of the aristocratic class. As such, they ran their governments as its de facto rulers.
11/04/1856
Second Battle of Rivas: Juan Santamaría burns down the hostel where William Walker's filibusters are holed up.
The Second Battle of Rivas occurred on 11 April 1856 between Costa Rican militia under General Juan Rafael Mora Porras and the Nicaraguan forces of American mercenary William Walker. The lesser known First Battle of Rivas took place on the 29 June 1855 between Walker's forces and the forces of the Chamorro government of Nicaragua.
11/04/1814
The Treaty of Fontainebleau ends the War of the Sixth Coalition against Napoleon Bonaparte, and forces him to abdicate unconditionally for the first time.
The Treaty of Fontainebleau was an agreement concluded in Fontainebleau, France, on 11 April 1814 between Napoleon and representatives of Austria, Russia and Prussia. The treaty was signed in Paris on 11 April by the plenipotentiaries of both sides and ratified by Napoleon on 13 April. With this treaty, the allies ended Napoleon's rule as emperor of the French and sent him into exile on Elba.
11/04/1809
Battle of the Basque Roads: Admiral Lord Gambier fails to support Captain Lord Cochrane, leading to an incomplete British victory over the French fleet.
The Battle of the Basque Roads, also known as the Battle of Aix Roads, was a major naval battle of the Napoleonic Wars, fought in the narrow Basque Roads at the mouth of the Charente River on the Biscay coast of France. The battle, which lasted from 11 to 24 April 1809, was unusual in that it pitted a hastily assembled squadron of small and unorthodox British Royal Navy warships against the main strength of the French Atlantic Fleet. The circumstances were dictated by the cramped, shallow coastal waters in which the battle was fought. The battle is also notorious for its controversial political aftermath in both Britain and France.
11/04/1727
Premiere of Johann Sebastian Bach's St Matthew Passion BWV 244b at St. Thomas Church in Leipzig, Electorate of Saxony (now Germany).
Johann Sebastian Bach was a German composer and musician of the late Baroque period. He is known for his prolific output across a variety of instruments and forms, including the orchestral Brandenburg Concertos; solo instrumental works such as the Cello Suites and Sonatas and Partitas for Solo Violin; keyboard works such as the Goldberg Variations and The Well-Tempered Clavier; organ works such as the Schübler Chorales and the Toccata and Fugue in D minor; and choral works such as the St. Matthew Passion and the Mass in B minor. He is known for his mastery of counterpoint, as heard in The Musical Offering and The Art of Fugue. Felix Mendelssohn precipitated the Bach Revival with a performance of the St. Matthew Passion in 1829. Ever since, Bach has been acclaimed as one of the greatest composers of classical music.
11/04/1713
France and Great Britain sign the Treaty of Utrecht, bringing an end to the War of the Spanish Succession (Queen Anne's War). Britain accepts Philip V as King of Spain, while Philip renounces any claim to the French throne.
The Peace of Utrecht was a series of peace treaties signed by the belligerents in the War of the Spanish Succession, in the Dutch city of Utrecht between April 1713 and February 1715. The war involved three contenders for the vacant throne of Spain, and had involved much of Europe for over a decade. Essentially, the treaties allowed Philip V to keep the Spanish throne in return for permanently renouncing his claim to the French throne, along with other necessary guarantees that would ensure that France and Spain should not merge, thus preserving the balance of power in Europe.
11/04/1689
William III and Mary II are crowned as joint sovereigns of Great Britain on the same day that the Scottish Parliament concurs with the English decision of 12 February.
William III and II, also known as William of Orange, was the sovereign Prince of Orange from birth, Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, and Overijssel in the Dutch Republic from 1672, and King of England, Ireland, and Scotland from 1689 until his death in 1702. He ruled England, Scotland, and Ireland with his wife, Queen Mary II, and their joint reign is known as that of William and Mary.
11/04/1544
Italian War of 1542–46: A French army defeats Habsburg forces at the Battle of Ceresole, but fails to exploit its victory.
The Italian War of 1542–1546 was a conflict late in the Italian Wars, pitting Francis I of France and Suleiman I of the Ottoman Empire against the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and Henry VIII of England. The course of the war saw extensive fighting in Italy, France, and the Low Countries, as well as attempted invasions of Spain and England. The conflict was inconclusive and ruinously expensive for the major participants.
11/04/1512
War of the League of Cambrai: Franco-Ferrarese forces led by Gaston de Foix and Alfonso I d'Este win the Battle of Ravenna against the Papal-Spanish forces.
The War of the League of Cambrai, also known by its second stage as the War of the Holy League, was fought from December 1508 to December 1516, as part of the wider Italian Wars of 1494–1559. The main participants of the war, who fought for its entire duration, were France, the Holy Roman Empire, the Papal States, and the Republic of Venice; they were joined at various times by nearly every significant power in Western Europe, including Spain, England, the Duchy of Milan, the Republic of Florence, the Duchy of Ferrara, and the Swiss.
11/04/1241
Batu Khan defeats Béla IV of Hungary at the Battle of Mohi.
Batu Khan was a Mongol ruler and founder of the Golden Horde, a constituent of the Mongol Empire established after Genghis Khan's demise. Batu was a son of Jochi, thus a grandson of Genghis Khan. His ulus ruled over the Kievan Rus', Volga Bulgaria, Cumania, and the Caucasus for around 250 years.
11/04/0672
Consecration of Pope Adeodatus II following the death of Pope Vitalian.
Pope Adeodatus II, sometimes called Deodatus, was the bishop of Rome from 672 to his death on 17 June 676. He devoted much of his papacy to improving churches and fighting monothelitism.
11/04/0491
Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine emperor, with the name of Anastasius I.
The foundation of Constantinople in 330 AD marks the conventional start of the Byzantine Empire, which fell to the Ottoman Empire in 1453 AD. Only the emperors who were recognized as legitimate rulers and exercised sovereign authority are included, to the exclusion of junior co-emperors who never attained the status of sole or senior ruler, as well as of the various usurpers or rebels who claimed the imperial title.