15th December — International Tea Day
Welcome to 15th December! It's International Tea Day. Explore 53 historical events, birthdays, deaths, and milestones that shaped this day. From remarkable moments in local and world history to the people who left their mark — find out what makes today special. Tonight's moon is in its waxing gibbous phase, and the zodiac sign of the day is Sagittarius. If you're curious about the history of a day — this page brings together everything worth knowing about this 15th December.
Monday, 15 December falls under the zodiac sign of Sagittarius, the archer, a fire sign associated with exploration and philosophical inquiry. The moon is in its waxing gibbous phase, approaching fullness and typically associated with heightened energy and culmination of efforts initiated during the new moon phase.
On this day
On 15 December 1961, Adolf Eichmann, the Nazi official responsible for orchestrating much of the Holocaust, was sentenced to death in Jerusalem after being found guilty on fifteen criminal charges including war crimes and crimes against humanity. His trial marked a significant moment in post-war justice and international law, establishing precedents for prosecuting those responsible for genocide.
Over a century earlier, on 15 December 1791, the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution, known as the Bill of Rights, were ratified. These amendments secured fundamental freedoms including speech, religion and the right to a fair trial, forming the bedrock of individual liberties in the American legal system.
In more recent history, 15 December 1906 saw the opening of the Great Northern, Piccadilly and Brompton Railway, a deep-level underground tube railway in London. Stretching 14.17 kilometres between Hammersmith and Finsbury Park, this extension of the London Underground represented a major infrastructure achievement of the Edwardian era and remains part of the capital's transport network today.
International Tea Day
International Tea Day, established by the United Nations in 2019, falls on 15 December to mark the beginning of the tea season in the major tea-producing regions of Asia. The day recognises the cultural and economic significance of tea across numerous countries and its role as one of the world's most consumed beverages after water. It provides a platform to highlight the challenges faced by tea farmers and workers, particularly in developing nations, and to promote sustainable production practices. Since its inception, the day has grown to include events and campaigns across major tea-producing countries including India, Kenya, China and Sri Lanka.
DayAtlas provides comprehensive historical information for any selected date and location, including weather patterns, notable events, and records of famous births and deaths. Users can explore what happened on any day throughout history alongside contemporary conditions and astronomical data.
Explore everything about today 25th June.
Cycles complete by releasing what no longer serves.
Fortune of the Day
15th December in the Stars – Star Sign Sagittarius
Personality Profile
Personality Those born on December 15th blend Sagittarius expansiveness with Martian drive into a dynamic force. They think big, act boldly, and constantly seek new horizons. Their philosophical nature compels them to understand and transform the world.
Strengths & Weaknesses Strengths include courage, determination, and inspiring presence. Weaknesses emerge as impatience and impulsiveness. Their intense drive sometimes overshadows careful planning or patience with slower processes.
Love These natives love with passion and authenticity. They need partners who respect their independence and share their adventurous spirit. Trust and intellectual connection form the foundation of lasting relationships.
Caree & Finance Careers in education, sports, entrepreneurship, or philosophy appeal to them strongly. Financial security comes through their drive, though they must curb impulsive spending. Natural team leaders with vision.
Health Movement fuels their vitality – regular physical activity keeps body and mind sharp. They process stress through action and intensity. Adequate sleep matters, as their mental energy can easily become scattered.
That night, the moon was in its waxing gibbous phase.
Chinese year of the Snake (Wood).
Fun Facts About 15th December
Name Days in Your Language: Adlai, Adler, Carney, Mirella, Mireya, Tanner
Someone born on this day would be just 192 days old today — roughly 4,615 hours, 276,917 minutes, or 16,615,029 seconds spent on Earth so far.
It's the 349. day of the year. In 2025, 15th December falls on a Monday.
There are 16 days still to come.
We’re currently in Week 51 — the year marches on.
Famous Birthdays on 15th December
On this day, 208 notable people were born on 15th December — spanning from 37 to 2000. From world leaders to artists and scientists, discover who shares this birthday.
15/12/2000
Kayvon Thibodeaux, American football player
Kayvon Thibodeaux is an American professional football edge rusher for the New York Giants of the National Football League (NFL). A native of Los Angeles, he was named USA Today's High School Football Defensive Player of the Year in 2018.
15/12/1998
Chandler Canterbury, American actor
Chandler Canterbury is an American former child actor.
15/12/1997
Maude Apatow, American actress
Maude Apatow is an American actress. She is best known for her portrayal of Lexi Howard in the HBO drama series Euphoria (2019–2026).
Zach Banks, American race car driver
Zachary Banks-Calderín is an American racing driver. Banks has recorded over 90 career race wins.
Magdalena Fręch, Polish tennis player
Magdalena Fręch is a Polish tennis player. She has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 22, achieved on 28 October 2024. On 8 August 2022, she peaked at No. 174 in the doubles rankings.
Stefania LaVie Owen, New Zealand-American actress
Stefania LaVie Owen is a New Zealand-American actress. She portrayed Puddle Kadubic in the comedy television series Running Wilde and Dorrit Bradshaw in the teen drama television series The Carrie Diaries. She starred as Melanie in the film Paper Spiders, as Bear in the Netflix show Sweet Tooth, and as Nicole Chance in the Hulu original psychological thriller Chance. She earned a Children's and Family Emmy Award nomination for her role in the third season of Sweet Tooth.
15/12/1996
Jenifer Brening, German singer
Jenifer Brening is a German singer and songwriter who represented San Marino in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 in Lisbon, Portugal, with the song "Who We Are", alongside Jessika. She previously participated in the talent show The Winner Is ... and in the eleventh season of the talent show Deutschland sucht den Superstar.
Oleksandr Zinchenko, Ukrainian footballer
Oleksandr Volodymyrovych Zinchenko is a Ukrainian professional footballer who plays as a left-back or midfielder for Eredivisie club Ajax and the Ukraine national team.
15/12/1995
Jahlil Okafor, American basketball player
Jahlil Obika Okafor is a Nigerian-American professional basketball player for Levanga Hokkaido of the B.League. He played his freshman season of college basketball for the 2014–15 Duke national championship team. He was selected with the third overall pick in the 2015 NBA draft by the Philadelphia 76ers.
15/12/1993
Daniel Ochefu, American basketball player
Daniel Hassan Ochefu is an American-born Nigerian professional basketball player who last played for the Blackwater Bossing of the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA). He played college basketball for the Villanova Wildcats, and had a short, 19-game stint in the NBA with the Washington Wizards.
15/12/1992
Daiamami Genki, Japanese sumo wrestler
Daiamami Genki is a Japanese former professional sumo wrestler from Tatsugō, Kagoshima.
Jesse Lingard, English footballer
Jesse Ellis Lingard, also known as JLingz, is an English professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or winger for Campeonato Brasileiro Série A club Corinthians. He has won the UEFA Europa League, FA Cup, EFL Cup, and FA Community Shield, being one of only three players to score in all of the latter three finals.
Maximiliano Meza, Argentine footballer
Maximiliano Eduardo Meza is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a winger or attacking midfielder for Argentine Primera Division club River Plate.
Alex Telles, Brazilian footballer
Alex Nicolao Telles is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Campeonato Brasileiro Série A club Botafogo and the Brazil national team.
15/12/1991
Conor Daly, American race car driver
Conor James Daly is an American-Irish professional racing driver who competes part-time in the IndyCar Series, driving the No. 23 Chevrolet for Dreyer & Reinbold Racing. He has previously competed in the NASCAR Cup Series, Xfinity Series, GP2 Series, ARCA Menards Series, Nitrocross and Road to Indy.
Yanni Gourde, Canadian ice hockey player
Yanni Gourde is a Canadian professional ice hockey player who is a forward for the Tampa Bay Lightning of the National Hockey League (NHL).
Alana Haim, American musician and actress
Alana Mychal Haim is an American musician and actress. She is a member of the pop rock band Haim, along with her older sisters Este and Danielle, and performs piano, guitar and vocals. Alana has been nominated for five Grammy Awards. She starred in Paul Thomas Anderson's comedy-drama film Licorice Pizza (2021), for which she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Comedy or Musical and a BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role. In 2025, Alana appeared in the acclaimed films The Mastermind and One Battle After Another. In 2026, she portrayed Rachel in the movie The Drama.
15/12/1989
Nichole Bloom, American actress and model
Nichole Sakura O'Connor is an American actress best known for her roles as Cheyenne Tyler Lee in the NBC sitcom Superstore (2015–2021), Amanda in Shameless (2014–2016), and as Emily Davis in the horror video game Until Dawn developed by Supermassive Games.
15/12/1988
Erik Gustafsson, Swedish ice hockey player
Erik Gustafsson is a Swedish professional ice hockey defenceman and captain for Luleå HF of the Swedish Hockey League (SHL).
Emily Head, English actress
Emily Head is an English actress. Her breakout role was as Carli D'Amato in the E4 sitcom The Inbetweeners (2008–2010), and she later played Rebecca White in the ITV soap opera Emmerdale and Colette Andrews in BBC One drama The Syndicate.
Steven Nzonzi, French footballer
Steven Nkemboanza Mike Christopher Nzonzi is a French professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for EFL Championship club Stoke City.
15/12/1987
Josh Norman, American football player
Joshua Ricardo Norman is an American professional football cornerback. He played college football for the Coastal Carolina Chanticleers and was selected by the Carolina Panthers in the fifth round of the 2012 NFL draft. Norman has also played for the Washington Redskins, Buffalo Bills, and San Francisco 49ers, and was once considered to be among the best cornerbacks in the NFL. He also participated in the celebrity dancing competition show Dancing with the Stars, finishing as the runner-up of its 26th season in 2018.
15/12/1986
Kim Junsu, South Korean singer-songwriter and dancer
Kim Jun-su, known mononymously as Junsu or by the stage name XIA, is a South Korean singer-songwriter and musical actor. He is a former member of JYJ, and was one of the original members of TVXQ, during which time he was known by the stage name Xiah Junsu (시아준수).
Iveta Mazáčová, Czech sprinter
Iveta Mazáčová is a Czech athlete who specialises in the sprint disciplines 60 m, 100 m and 200 metres.
Keylor Navas, Costa Rican footballer
Keilor Antonio Navas Gamboa, known as Keylor Navas, is a Costa Rican professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for and captains Liga MX club Pumas UNAM and the Costa Rica national team. He is regarded as one of the best goalkeepers of his generation, and one of the greatest ever CONCACAF goalkeepers.
Snejana Onopka, Ukrainian model
Snijana Dmytrivna Onopko, known professionally as Snejana Onopka, is a Ukrainian model. Onopka rose to prominence after being photographed by Steven Meisel for the Prada campaign and two covers of Vogue Italia.
15/12/1985
Diogo Fernandes, Brazilian footballer
Diogo Fernandes is a Brazilian footballer.
15/12/1984
Martyn Bernard, English high jumper
Martyn John Bernard is a British former athlete who competed in the high jump and appeared at the 2008 Summer Olympics.
Martin Škrtel, Slovak footballer
Martin Škrtel is a Slovak former professional footballer who played as a centre-back. He is currently the sporting director of Slovak First League club Spartak Trnava.
15/12/1983
Delon Armitage, Trinidadian-English rugby player
Delon Anthony Armitage is a rugby union coach and former player who played at wing or fullback for Lyon OU and is capped for England. He also occasionally played centre. Armitage started out at London Irish and Toulon. He sometimes did place kicking, mainly from a distance or if the regular kicker was unable to take it. He left Toulon at the end of the 2015/2016 season to join French Top 14 side Lyon. He retired at the end of the 2018/2019 season.
René Duprée, Canadian professional wrestler
René Goguen, better known by his ring name René Duprée is a Canadian professional wrestler and podcaster. Goguen is best known for his tenure in World Wrestling Entertainment, where he is a one-time World Tag Team Champion with Sylvain Grenier as the tag team La Résistance and a one-time WWE Tag Team Champion with Kenzo Suzuki. He has also worked for Japanese promotions All Japan Pro Wrestling, Wrestle-1 and Hustle.
Camilla Luddington, English actress
Camilla Anne Luddington is an English actress, best known for her role as Dr. Jo Wilson in the ABC medical drama series Grey's Anatomy. She is also known for voicing Lara Croft in the Tomb Raider Survivor trilogy video games and Zatanna in the DC Animated Movie Universe.
Ronnie Radke, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
Ronald Joseph Radke is an American singer, rapper, and songwriter who is the frontman of rock band Falling in Reverse and former frontman of post-hardcore band Escape the Fate. He rose to popularity with Escape the Fate, but was kicked out in 2008 after being sentenced to prison for violating probation. While in prison, Radke started a new band called From Behind These Walls, which later changed its name to Falling in Reverse. The band began recording upon his release from prison in December 2010.
Sophia Young, Vincentian-American basketball player
Sophia Yvonne Ashley Young-Malcolm is a Vincentian-American former professional women's basketball player. She played with the San Antonio Stars in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). Young-Malcolm has since been inducted into the Baylor Athletics Hall of Fame and the Texas Sports Hall of Fame.
15/12/1982
Charlie Cox, English actor
Charles Thomas Cox is an English actor. He is known for portraying Matt Murdock / Daredevil in the Marvel Cinematic Universe since 2015, including in the television series Daredevil (2015–2018) and Daredevil: Born Again (2025–present).
Borja García, Spanish race car driver
Borja García Menéndez is a Spanish racing driver. He last competed in the NASCAR Whelen Euro Series, having last driven for Alex Caffi Motorsport in a part-time effort in 2018. He was the 2004 Spanish Formula Three champion, and raced in the inaugural GP2 Series season.
George O. Gore II, American actor and comedian
George Owen Gore II is an American actor and comedian. He is best known for portraying Gregory "G" Williams on the FOX series New York Undercover from 1994 to 1998 and Michael Kyle, Jr. on the ABC sitcom My Wife and Kids from 2001 to 2005. He was also one of the main characters in the cast of the comedy Second Generation Wayans. Throughout his career, Gore has received four NAACP Image Award nominations.
Tatiana Perebiynis, Ukrainian tennis player
Tatiana Yurevna Perebiynis is a former professional tennis player from Ukraine.
15/12/1981
Michelle Dockery, English actress
Michelle Suzanne Dockery is an English actress, best known for starring as Lady Mary Crawley in the ITV television period drama series Downton Abbey (2010–2015), for which she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award and three consecutive Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series. She reprised her role in the films Downton Abbey (2019), Downton Abbey: A New Era (2022) and Downton Abbey: The Grand Finale (2025).
Brendan Fletcher, Canadian actor and screenwriter
Brendan Fletcher is a Canadian actor. He first gained recognition as a child actor, being nominated for a Gemini Award for his acting debut in the made-for-television film Little Criminals and winning a Leo Award for his role in the TV series Caitlin's Way. He subsequently won the Genie Award for Best Leading Actor for John Greyson's The Law of Enclosures, and was nominated for Best Actor in a Supporting Role for Turning Paige.
Andy González, Puerto Rican-American baseball player
Angel Manuel "Andy" González is a Puerto Rican former professional baseball outfielder, third baseman and the current assistant hitting coach for the Colorado Rockies of Major League Baseball (MLB). He played professionally for the Chicago White Sox, Cleveland Indians, and Florida Marlins.
Thomas Herrion, American football player (died 2005)
Thomas Lovell Herrion was an American football offensive guard in the National Football League (NFL) for the Dallas Cowboys and San Francisco 49ers. He also was a member of the Hamburg Sea Devils in NFL Europe. He played college football at the University of Utah.
Roman Pavlyuchenko, Russian footballer
Roman Anatolyevich Pavlyuchenko is a Russian football coach and a former player who played as a striker. He works as a forwards coach with Rodina-2 Moscow.
15/12/1980
Élodie Gossuin, French beauty pageant titleholder and model
Élodie Gossuin-Lacherie is a French beauty pageant titleholder, model, radio and television presenter, columnist and regional politician. She was elected Miss Picardy 2000, Miss France 2001, and Miss Europe 2001.
Sergio Pizzorno, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
Sergio Lorenzo "Serge" Pizzorno is an English musician, singer, songwriter, artist, and record producer. He is best known as the co-founder, guitarist, and second vocalist of the rock band Kasabian, for whom he became the primary songwriter after the departure of Christopher Karloff in 2006 and the sole vocalist following the firing of Tom Meighan in 2020. He is also a member of Loose Tapestries alongside Noel Fielding and fellow Kasabian member Tim Carter, a group put together to produce music for Fielding's TV series Noel Fielding's Luxury Comedy.
Manuel Wilhelm, German rugby player
Manuel Wilhelm is a German international rugby union player, playing for the RG Heidelberg in the Rugby-Bundesliga and the German national rugby union team.
15/12/1979
Adam Brody, American actor
Adam Jared Brody is an American actor. His breakout role was as Seth Cohen on the Fox television series The O.C. (2003–2007). For his performance as Noah Roklov in the Netflix romantic comedy series Nobody Wants This (2024–present), he earned nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Television Series (Musical/Comedy) and the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series; he won the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Actor in a Comedy Series.
Eric Young, Canadian-American wrestler
Jeremy Fritz, known by his ring name Eric Young, is a Canadian professional wrestler. He is signed to Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). Young is also known for his time in WWE.
15/12/1978
Ned Brower, American drummer
Edward Andrew "Ned" Brower is an American musician, model, nurse, and actor. He was the former drummer/vocalist in the Los Angeles rock quintet Rooney.
Mark Jansen, Dutch guitarist and songwriter
Markus Hubertus Johannes Jansen is a Dutch guitarist, vocalist, and songwriter. A prominent figure in the symphonic metal subgenre, he is known for his work with the bands After Forever (1995–2002), Epica (2002–present), and MaYaN (2010–present).
Jerome McDougle, American football player
Jerome McDougle is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Philadelphia Eagles 15th overall in the 2003 NFL draft. McDougle played college football at the University of Miami. He also played in the NFL for the New York Giants.
15/12/1977
Mehmet Aurélio, Brazilian-Turkish footballer and manager
Mehmet Aurélio, originally Marco Aurélio Brito dos Prazeres, is a football coach and former defensive midfielder. Formed at Flamengo, where he made over 100 appearances, Aurélio spent most of his career in Turkey, making 254 Süper Lig appearances and scoring 29 goals for Trabzonspor, Fenerbahçe and Beşiktaş, winning three league titles with the second of them. He also played two seasons in La Liga for Real Betis.
Geoff Stults, American actor and producer
Geoffrey Stults is an American actor. His first regular roles on television included 7th Heaven, October Road, and Happy Town. He went on to star as Major Walter Sherman on The Finder and Sgt. Pete Hill on Enlisted. Most recently, he played Mark McCullough on Little Fires Everywhere, Marco Strzalkowski on Guilty Party, and Jake Davis on The Last Thing He Told Me. He also played the recurring role of Mitch in the hit Netflix series Grace and Frankie.
15/12/1976
Baichung Bhutia, Indian footballer and manager
Bhaichung Bhutia, also spelled as Baichung Bhutia, is an Indian former professional footballer who played as a striker. Bhutia is considered as the torchbearer of Indian football in the international arena. He is often nicknamed the Sikkimese Sniper because of his shooting skills in football. Three-time Indian Player of the Year I. M. Vijayan described Bhutia as "God's gift to Indian football".
Kim Eagles, Canadian sport shooter
Kim Eagles is a Canadian sport shooter. Eagles won a gold medal at the 1999 Pan American Games in the 10 metre air pistol event. She also participated in the 2000 Summer Olympics in the 10 metre air pistol event.
Aaron Miles, American baseball player and coach
Aaron Wade Miles is an American former professional baseball second baseman. He played nine seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 2003 to 2011 for the Chicago White Sox, Colorado Rockies, St. Louis Cardinals, Chicago Cubs, and Los Angeles Dodgers. He also managed the Pittsburg Diamonds of the Pacific Association. In 2024, Miles was named infield and third base coach of the newly formed Oakland Ballers of the Pioneer League. On July 21, 2024, the Ballers fired manager Micah Franklin and named Miles interim manager.
Todd Tichenor, American baseball player and umpire
Todd Frederick Tichenor is an American professional baseball umpire. He became a Major League Baseball reserve umpire in 2007 and was promoted to the full-time MLB staff in 2012. He wore number 97 until the 2014 season, when he switched to number 13.
15/12/1975
Samira Saraya, Palestinian actor, filmmaker, poet and rapper
Samira Saraya is a Palestinian-Israeli film, television and theater actor, filmmaker, poet, rapper and spoken word artist.
15/12/1974
Garath Archer, English rugby player
Garath Archer is an English former rugby union player. He played for both Bristol Rugby and the Newcastle Falcons.Garath was an apprentice carpenter. In total Archer earned 21 caps for England, including games at the 1999 World Cup. At club level he began his career at Newcastle Falcons and made 20 appearances for them as they won the 1997-98 Premiership. He missed Newcastle's victory in the 2001 Anglo-Welsh Cup final but started the final as they won the tournament again in 2004.
P. J. Byrne, American actor
Paul Jeffrey Byrne is an American actor. He is best known for his roles as Nicky "Rugrat" Koskoff in the Martin Scorsese film The Wolf of Wall Street (2013), Irv Smiff on the UPN/CW series The Game, and Bolin on Nickelodeon's animated series The Legend of Korra (2012–2014).
15/12/1973
Surya Bonaly, French figure skater
Surya Varuna Bonaly is a French retired figure skater and coach. She is a three-time World silver medalist (1993–1995), a five-time European champion (1991–1995), the 1991 World Junior Champion, and a nine-time French national champion (1989–1997).
Ryoo Seung-wan, South Korean actor, director, and screenwriter
Ryoo Seung-wan is a South Korean filmmaker. He made his debut in 1996 with the short film Dangerous Head, then worked as a director under director Park Chan-wook, took film lessons, and made his feature film debut with Die Bad (2000). He received the Blue Dragon Film Awards for Best New Director, drawing attention from the film industry. Ryoo Seung-wan is called Korea's "action kid" for his unique action and rough life style.
15/12/1972
Rodney Harrison, American football player and sportscaster
Rodney Scott Harrison is an American former professional football safety who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 15 seasons with the San Diego Chargers and New England Patriots. He was selected in the fifth round of the 1994 NFL draft by the Chargers, where he spent his first nine seasons, and was a member of the Patriots in his last six. Since retiring from the NFL in 2009, he has served as a commentator for NBC's Football Night in America.
Lee Jung-jae, South Korean actor
Lee Jung-jae is a South Korean actor, filmmaker, and businessman. Considered one of South Korea's most successful actors, he has received numerous accolades, including a Primetime Emmy Award, an Actor Award, a Critics' Choice Television Award, six Baeksang Arts Awards, in addition to nominations for a Golden Globe Award and a Gotham Award. Lee is also a businessman who has launched a restaurant chain in Seoul and founded several companies, including the development firm Seorim C&D, some of which he co-owns with Jung Woo-sung.
Stuart Townsend, Irish actor
Stuart Townsend is an Irish actor. He portrayed Lestat de Lioncourt in the film adaptation of Anne Rice's Queen of the Damned (2002), and Dorian Gray in The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen (2003). In 2007, he directed the film Battle in Seattle.
Alexandra Tydings, American actress, director, writer and producer
Alexandra Huntingdon Tydings is an American actress, director, writer, producer, and activist, best known for her role as Greek Goddess Aphrodite on the television series Hercules: The Legendary Journeys and its spin-off, Xena: Warrior Princess.
15/12/1971
Clint Lowery, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
Clint Edward Lowery is an American musician, songwriter and producer, best known as a guitarist and backing vocalist in the rock band Sevendust. He has also played in Dark New Day and Still Rain, and served as the touring guitarist for Korn and Seether through most of 2007 and 2017, respectively. In 2008, he decided to work on new music as a solo artist, and the name of the project was titled Hello Demons Meet Skeletons. Lowery wrote and recorded a six-song EP while off the road with Sevendust, just for a week. He played every instrument on the CD, which was produced by his brother Corey Lowery. The EP, Chills, was released in October, followed by a tour at the same month. He would also later release two more EPs with HDMS. Also his fourth and last EP, Choices, was released in 2013.
15/12/1970
Frankie Dettori, Italian jockey
Lanfranco "Frankie" Dettori, is a retired Italian jockey who was based in England for a career spanning over 35 years. He was British flat racing Champion Jockey three times and rode the winners of 288 Group 1 races including 23 winners of the British Classic Races. His most celebrated achievement was riding all seven winners on British Festival of Racing Day at Ascot Racecourse on 28 September 1996.
Lawrence Funderburke, American basketball player
Lawrence Damon Funderburke is an American former professional basketball player.
Michael Shanks, Canadian actor, screenwriter and director
Michael Garrett Shanks is a Canadian actor. He is best known for his role as Daniel Jackson in the long-running military science fiction television series Stargate SG-1 and as Dr. Charles Harris in the Canadian medical drama Saving Hope. He is also known for his work on low budget genre work filmed in Canada.
15/12/1969
Ralph Ineson, English actor
Ralph Michael Ineson is an English actor, narrator and writer. His film roles include Amycus Carrow in the final three Harry Potter films (2009–2011), William in The Witch (2015), the title character in The Green Knight (2021), Dr. Wilhelm Sievers in Nosferatu (2024), and Galactus in The Fantastic Four: First Steps (2025).
Chantal Petitclerc, Canadian wheelchair racer and senator
Chantal Petitclerc is a Canadian wheelchair racer and a Senator from Quebec.
Adam Setliff, American discus thrower and lawyer
Adam Setliff is an American former discus thrower who represented his native country at two consecutive Summer Olympics, finishing 12th and 5th respectively. Born in El Dorado, Arkansas, he set his personal best in the men's discus throw on July 21, 2001, at a meet in La Jolla, California.
15/12/1968
Garrett Wang, American actor
Garrett Richard Wang is an American actor best known for his role of Ensign Harry Kim in Star Trek: Voyager.
15/12/1967
David Howells, English footballer and coach
David Howells is an English football coach and former professional footballer.
Mo Vaughn, American baseball player
Maurice Samuel Vaughn, nicknamed "the Hit Dog", is an American former Major League Baseball first baseman who played for the Boston Red Sox, Anaheim Angels, and New York Mets from 1991 to 2003. He was a three-time All-Star selection and won the American League MVP award in 1995 with Boston.
15/12/1966
Carl Hooper, Guyanese cricketer and coach
Carl Llewelyn Hooper is a Guyanese former cricketer who captained the West Indies in Test matches and One Day International matches. An all-rounder, he was a right-handed batsman and off-spin bowler, who came to prominence in the late 1980s in a team that included such players as Vivian Richards, Gordon Greenidge, Desmond Haynes, Malcolm Marshall and Courtney Walsh and represented the West Indies over a 16-year international career.
Molly Price, American actress
Molly Price is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Faith Yokas in the NBC drama series Third Watch (1999–2005). Price has also appeared in recurring and guest-starring roles in many other television dramas and co-starred in a number of films, including Sweet and Lowdown (1999), Chasing Sleep (2000), and Not Fade Away (2012).
15/12/1964
Paul Kaye, English actor
Paul Kaye is an English comedian and actor. He is perhaps best known for his role as Thoros of Myr in the HBO fantasy series Game of Thrones (2013–17). He started as shock interviewer Dennis Pennis on The Sunday Show (1995–97). His other TV roles include Mike Strutter in the MTV series Strutter (2006–2007), Vince the fox in the BBC black comedy series Mongrels (2010–2011), Vinculus in the BBC fantasy mini-series Jonathan Strange & Mr Norrell (2015), Psychiatrist in the Netflix comedy series After Life (2019–20), Malcolm Donahue in the ITV crime drama Vera (2019–23), and Patrick Katz in the Netflix thriller mini-series The Stranger (2020).
15/12/1963
Ellie Cornell, American actress and producer
Ellie Cornell is an American actress and producer. She made her film debut in the 1988 film Married to the Mob before becoming known for her roles as Rachel Carruthers in Halloween 4: The Return of Michael Myers (1988) and Halloween 5: The Revenge of Michael Myers (1989), and as Detective Janet Wright in the TV series Femme Fatales.
Norman J. Grossfeld, American screenwriter and producer
Norman J. Grossfeld is an American director, television producer, record producer, screenwriter and media executive. From February 1994 to December 2009, he was the president of 4Kids Productions, a former subsidiary of 4Kids Entertainment and Leisure Concepts. He produced the English adaptations of the first eight seasons of the Pokémon TV series and five seasons of Yu-Gi-Oh!. He produced five seasons of the new Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, five Pokémon movies, and one Yu-Gi-Oh! movie for 4Kids TV. In addition to producing and executive producing, Grossfeld co-wrote most of the Pokémon films, which grossed over $600 million worldwide. Grossfeld is credited with writing the Pokémon franchise's tagline, "Gotta catch 'em all!" He was also an executive producer for the anime One Piece.
Helen Slater, American actress
Helen Rachel Slater is an American actress and singer-songwriter. She is best known for playing the DC Comics superheroine Supergirl in the 1984 film Supergirl, as well as appearing in films such as The Legend of Billie Jean (1985), Ruthless People (1986), The Secret of My Success (1987), City Slickers (1991), Chantilly Lace (1993), Lassie (1994), and No Way Back (1995). She provided the voice of Talia al Ghul in Batman: The Animated Series, portrayed Lara-El in Smallville, and played Eliza Danvers in the 2015 Supergirl TV series.
David Wingate, American basketball player
David Grover Stacey Wingate Jr. is an American former professional basketball player. The shooting guard-small forward spent 15 years in the National Basketball Association (NBA) with six teams.
15/12/1962
Tim Gaines, American bass player
Tim Gaines is an American bass guitarist best-known as the long-time bassist for the Christian metal band Stryper until his departure in 2017.
Simon Hodgkinson, English rugby player and coach
Simon Hodgkinson is a former England international rugby union player. He represented England at fullback between 1989 and 1991, gaining 14 Test caps.
15/12/1961
Karin Resetarits, Austrian journalist and politician
Karin Kraml is an Austrian journalist and politician. She was a member of the European Parliament from 2004 until 2009. At the time, her surname was Resetarits.
15/12/1960
Walter Werzowa, Austrian composer and producer
Walter Werzowa is an Austrian-born composer, producer and owner of LA-based music production studio Musikvergnuegen. He is most famous for composing the "Intel bong" jingle and the 1980s hit "Bring Me Edelweiss" as part of the band Edelweiss. Walter Werzowa joined an AI team to co-write Beethoven’s 10th symphony, that premiered October 9, 2021 in Bonn. Robbie Williams heard Walter's Beethoven work and asked to work on Robbie's 2022 Angels remake. He is leading the music department for the immersive Mythos Mozart Experience Vienna. Walter collaborated with Refik Anadol in "Mozart Forever." Walter is heading the Filmmusik department at MDW University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna.
15/12/1959
Greg Matthews, Australian cricketer
Gregory Richard John Matthews is a New South Wales and Australian former cricket all rounder. He was popular with fans as "a tough, useful, determined little cricketer; a steady, flat, off-spin bowler; a staunch, correct left-hand bat; and a brilliant fielder.... also a cocky, slightly zany character."
Alan Whetton, New Zealand rugby player
Alan Whetton also known as AJ is a former rugby union footballer who played for New Zealand's national team, the All Blacks. Whetton first played representative rugby for Auckland in 1981. He played alongside his twin brother Gary for Auckland and later the All Blacks. He played a variety of positions early in his career, playing at number eight and lock before playing most often as a flanker. He first played for the All Blacks in 1984 on their tour of Australia, and played his first Test match on 21 July against Australia.
Gary Whetton, New Zealand rugby player
Gary William Whetton is a former New Zealand rugby union player. He played 180 matches for Auckland, and 58 tests at lock for the All Blacks from 1981 to 1991. He serves on the Auckland Blues board and was elected Chairman in April 2012. He is the twin brother of fellow All Black Alan Whetton.
15/12/1958
Carlo J. Caparas, Filipino director and producer
Carlo Magno Jose Caparas was a Filipino comic strip creator, writer, film director, and producer. He was best known for creating several Filipino superheroes and comic book characters, including Panday, Bakekang, Totoy Bato, Joaquin Bordado, Kamagong, Kamandag, Elias Paniki, Tasya Fantasya, and Gagambino, among others. He also gained recognition as the writer-director of numerous sensationalist "massacre" films, such as The Myrna Diones Story, The Maggie dela Riva Story, and Lipa 'Arandia' Massacre.
Richard Kastle, American classical pianist
Richard Kastle is an American classical pianist and composer.
15/12/1957
Mario Marois, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
Mario Marois is a Canadian former ice hockey defenceman.
Mike McAlary, American journalist and author (died 1998)
Michael James McAlary was an American journalist and columnist who worked at the New York Daily News for 12 years, beginning with the police beat. He won a Pulitzer Prize in 1998 for his columns exposing police brutality against Haitian immigrant Abner Louima.
Tim Reynolds, German-American singer-songwriter and guitarist
Tim Reynolds is an American guitarist and multi-instrumentalist known as both a solo artist and as lead guitarist for the Dave Matthews Band. AllMusic critic MacKenzie Wilson has called Reynolds "an under-rated master".
15/12/1956
John Lee Hancock, American screenwriter, film director, and producer
John Lee Hancock Jr. is an American filmmaker. He is best known for directing the films The Rookie (2002), The Alamo (2004), The Blind Side (2009), Saving Mr. Banks (2013), The Founder (2016), The Highwaymen (2019), The Little Things (2021), and Mr. Harrigan's Phone (2022). He also wrote the screenplay for the film A Perfect World (1993).
Tony Leon, South African lawyer and politician
Anthony James Leon is a South African politician who served as leader of the opposition from 1999 to 2007 as leader of the Democratic Alliance (DA). He led the DA from its inception in 2000, until his retirement from leadership in 2007. Before that, he led the Democratic Party from 1994. He is the longest-serving leader of the official opposition in parliament since the advent of democracy in 1994. Although still a member of the DA, he served as the South African Ambassador to Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay under the African National Congress government from 2009 to 2012.
15/12/1955
Hector Sants, English banker
Sir Hector William Hepburn Sants is a British investment banker. He was appointed chief executive officer of the Financial Services Authority in July 2007 and stepped down in June 2012. He took up a new position with Barclays Bank at the end of January 2013, but resigned from the bank on 13 November 2013.
Paul Simonon, English singer-songwriter and bass player
Paul Gustave Simonon is an English musician and artist best known as the bassist for the Clash. More recent work includes his involvement in the supergroup the Good, the Bad & the Queen and playing on the Gorillaz album Plastic Beach in 2010, which saw Simonon reunite with the Clash guitarist Mick Jones and Blur frontman Damon Albarn – and which also led to Simonon becoming the live band's touring bassist for Gorillaz's Escape to Plastic Beach Tour. Simonon is also an established visual artist.
15/12/1954
Alex Cox, English film director, screenwriter, actor, non-fiction author and broadcaster
Alexander B. H. Cox is an English film director, screenwriter, actor, non-fiction author and broadcaster. Cox experienced success early in his career with Repo Man (1984) and Sid and Nancy (1986). Since the release and commercial failure of Walker (1987), his career has moved towards independent films, including Highway Patrolman (1991) and Three Businessmen (1998), and microbudget features such as Searchers 2.0 (2007) and Repo Chick (2009).
Oliver Heald, English lawyer and politician, Solicitor General for England and Wales
Sir Oliver Heald, is a British barrister and Conservative Party politician who served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for North East Hertfordshire, formerly North Hertfordshire, from 1992 to 2024.
Mark Warner, American businessman and politician, 69th Governor of Virginia
Mark Robert Warner is an American businessman and politician serving as the senior United States senator from Virginia, a seat he has held since 2009. A member of the Democratic Party, Warner served as the 69th governor of Virginia from 2002 to 2006. He is vice chair of the Senate Democratic Caucus and vice chair of the Senate Intelligence Committee.
15/12/1953
John R. Allen, American general and diplomat
John Rutherford Allen is a retired United States Marine Corps four-star general, and former commander of the NATO International Security Assistance Force and U.S. Forces – Afghanistan (USFOR-A). On 13 September 2014, president Barack Obama appointed Allen as special presidential envoy for the Global Coalition to Counter ISIL. He was succeeded in that role by Brett McGurk on 23 October 2015. He is the co-author of Turning Point: Policymaking in the Era of Artificial Intelligence with Darrell M. West and Future War and the Defence of Europe alongside Lieutenant General (Ret.) Ben Hodges and Professor Julian Lindley French. Allen was president of the Brookings Institution from October 2017 until his resignation on 12 June 2022.
J. M. DeMatteis, American author
John Marc DeMatteis is an American writer of comic books, television, film, and novels. He is known for psychologically and spiritually driven stories that dive deep into the human heart and mind.
Robert Charles Wilson, American-Canadian author
Robert Charles Wilson is an American-Canadian science fiction author.
15/12/1952
Rudi Protrudi, American singer-songwriter and producer
Glen Dalpis, known by his stage name Rudi Action Protrudi, is an American rock musician, songwriter, record producer, artist, and actor best known as the lead vocalist and frontman of the garage band The Fuzztones.
Allan Simonsen, Danish footballer and manager
Allan Rodenkam Simonsen is a Danish former footballer and manager. He most prominently played as a striker for German Bundesliga club Borussia Mönchengladbach, winning the 1975 and 1979 UEFA Cups, as well as for Barcelona in Spain, winning the 1982 Cup Winners' Cup. Simonsen is the only footballer to have scored in the European Cup, UEFA Cup, and Cup Winners' Cup finals. Simonsen was named 1977 European Footballer of the Year.
Julie Taymor, American director, producer, and screenwriter
Julie Taymor is an American director and writer of theater, opera, and film. Her stage adaptation of The Lion King debuted in 1997 and received eleven Tony Award nominations, with Taymor receiving Tony Awards for her direction and costume design. Her 2002 film Frida, about Mexican artist Frida Kahlo, was nominated for five Academy Awards, including a Best Original Song nomination for Taymor's composition "Burn It Blue". She also directed the 2007 jukebox musical film Across the Universe, based on the music of the Beatles.
15/12/1951
George Donikian, Australian journalist
George Jack Donikian is an Australian former radio and television news presenter/personality. He has worked at the SBS as well as the Nine Network and Ten Network.
Joe Jordan, Scottish footballer and manager
Joseph Jordan is a Scottish former football player and manager. A forward, his strong, fearless and committed play created his fearsome "Jaws" persona.
Tim Webster, Australian journalist and sportscaster
Tim Webster is an Australian television and radio personality and sports broadcaster. He held various presenting roles on Network 10 from 1981 until 2008.
15/12/1950
Melanie Chartoff, American actress and comedian
Melanie Barbara Chartoff is an American actress and comedian. Chartoff first became famous for her comedy work on the ABC series Fridays (1980–1982), and in the 1990s Fox sitcom Parker Lewis Can't Lose. She voiced both Didi Pickles and Grandma Minka, Didi's mother on the Nickelodeon animated series Rugrats and All Grown Up!.
Sylvester James Gates, American theoretical physicist and professor
Sylvester James Gates Jr., known as S. James Gates Jr. or Jim Gates, is an American theoretical physicist who works on supersymmetry, supergravity, and superstring theory. He is currently the Toll Professor of Physics at the University of Maryland. He also holds the Clark Leadership Chair in Science with the physics department at the University of Maryland College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences. He is also affiliated with the University of Maryland's School of Public Policy. He previously was the Brown University Theoretical Physics Center Director and the Ford Foundation Professor of Physics. He served on former president Barack Obama's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology.
15/12/1949
Don Johnson, American actor
Don Wayne Johnson is an American actor and singer-songwriter. He played the role of James "Sonny" Crockett in the 1980s television series Miami Vice, for which he won a Golden Globe, and received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination. He also played the titular character in the 1990s series Nash Bridges. Johnson received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1996.
Brian Roper, English economist and academic
Brian Roper is a British economist and former vice-chancellor of London Metropolitan University.
15/12/1948
Cassandra Harris, Australian actress (died 1991)
Sandra Colleen Waites, known professionally as Cassandra Harris, was an Australian actress.
Charlie Scott, American basketball player
Charles Thomas Scott, also known as Shaheed Abdul-Aleem, is an American former professional basketball player. He played two seasons in the American Basketball Association (ABA) and eight seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Scott was an Olympic Gold Medalist and was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 2018. Scott is the leader in most points per game with 24.8 in Suns franchise history.
15/12/1946
Carmine Appice, American drummer and songwriter
Carmine Appice is an American rock drummer. He is best known for his associations with Vanilla Fudge; Cactus; the power trio Beck, Bogert & Appice; Rod Stewart; King Kobra; and Blue Murder. He is the older brother of Vinny Appice. Appice was inducted into the Classic Drummer Hall of Fame in 2013 and the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame in 2014. He is also a bass player.
Art Howe, American baseball player and manager
Arthur Henry Howe Jr. is an American former professional baseball infielder, coach, scout, and manager, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Pittsburgh Pirates (1974–1975), Houston Astros (1976–1982), and St. Louis Cardinals (1984–1985). Howe managed the Astros (1989–1993), Oakland Athletics (1996–2002), and New York Mets (2003–2004), compiling a career managerial record of 1,129 wins and 1,137 losses.
Genny Lim, American writer
Genevieve (Genny) Lim is an American poet, playwright, and performer. She is the ninth poet laureate of San Francisco, California, and the first Chinese American in the role. She was the Chair of Community Arts and Education Committee, and Chair of the Advisory Board for the San Francisco Writers Corps. She has performed with Max Roach, Herbie Lewis, Francis Wong, and Jon Jang among others in San Francisco, San Jose, San Diego, Houston and Chicago.
Comunardo Niccolai, Italian footballer (Torres, Cagliari, national team) (died 2024)
Comunardo Niccolai was an Italian footballer, who played as a defender.
15/12/1945
Heather Booth, American civil rights activist, feminist, and political strategist
Heather Booth is an American civil rights activist, feminist, and political strategist who has been involved in activism for progressive causes. During her student years, she was active in both the civil rights movement and feminist causes. Since then she has had a career involving feminism, community organization, and progressive politics.
Ivor Crewe, English political scientist and academic
Sir Ivor Martin Crewe DL FAcSS is a former Master of University College, Oxford, and President of the Academy of Social Sciences. He was previously Vice-Chancellor of the University of Essex and also a Professor in the Department of Government at Essex.
15/12/1944
Jim Leyland, American baseball player and manager
James Richard Leyland is an American former professional baseball player, coach and manager. He serves as a special assistant to the Detroit Tigers of Major League Baseball (MLB).
Chico Mendes, Brazilian trade union leader and activist (died 1988)
Francisco Alves Mendes Filho, better known as Chico Mendes, was a Brazilian rubber tapper, trade union leader, and environmentalist who fought to preserve the Amazon rainforest and advocated for the human rights of Brazilian peasants and Indigenous people. He was assassinated by a hired killer on 22 December 1988. The Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation, a body under the jurisdiction of the Brazilian Ministry of the Environment, is named in his honour.
15/12/1943
Lucien den Arend, Dutch sculptor
Lucien Armand Marco den Arend is a geometric abstract sculptor. As is the case with concrete art, his work is not modeled after any existing object – his sculpture represents only itself. Most of his sculptures and Land art projects were made as public art.
15/12/1942
Kathleen Blanco, American educator and politician, 54th Governor of Louisiana (died 2019)
Kathleen Marie Blanco was an American politician who served as the 54th governor of Louisiana from 2004 to 2008. A member of the Democratic Party, she was the first and, to date, only woman elected as the state's governor.
15/12/1940
Nick Buoniconti, American football player and sportscaster (died 2019)
Nicholas Anthony Buoniconti was an American professional football player who was a middle linebacker in the American Football League (AFL) and National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Notre Dame Fighting Irish. Buoniconti played professionally for the Boston Patriots and Miami Dolphins, winning two Super Bowls with the Dolphins. He was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2001.
15/12/1939
Cindy Birdsong, American singer-songwriter
Cynthia Ann Birdsong is an American singer who became famous as a member of the Supremes in 1967, when she replaced co-founding member Florence Ballard. Birdsong had previously been a member of Patti LaBelle and the Bluebelles.
Dave Clark, English musician and songwriter
David Clark is an English musician, songwriter, record producer and entrepreneur. Clark was the leader, drummer, and manager of the 1960s beat group the Dave Clark Five, the first British Invasion band to follow the Beatles to the United States in 1964. In 2008, Clark and his band were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
15/12/1938
Michael Bogdanov, Welsh director and screenwriter (died 2017)
Michael Bogdanov was a British theatre director known for his work with new plays, modern reinterpretations of Shakespeare, musicals and work for young people.
Billy Shaw, American football player (died 2024)
William Lewis Shaw was an American professional football player who was a guard for the Buffalo Bills in the American Football League (AFL). After playing college football for the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets, he was selected by the Bills in the second round of the 1961 AFL draft. Shaw was the prototypical "pulling guard" who despite his size held his own against much bigger defensive linemen like Ernie Ladd, Earl Faison and Buck Buchanan. He won three straight Eastern Division titles and two AFL championships in 1964 and 1965 with Buffalo.
15/12/1936
Joe D'Amato, Italian director and producer (died 1999)
Aristide Massaccesi, known professionally as Joe D'Amato, was an Italian film director, producer, cinematographer, and screenwriter who worked in many genres but is best known for his horror, erotic and adult films.
15/12/1933
Bapu, Indian director and screenwriter (died 2014)
Sattiraju Lakshminarayana, known professionally as Bapu, was an Indian film director, painter, illustrator, cartoonist, screenwriter, music artist, and designer known for his works in Telugu cinema, and Hindi cinema. In 2013, he was awarded the Padma Shri, for his contribution to Indian art and cinema. He has garnered two National Honors, two National Film Awards, seven state Nandi Awards, two Filmfare Awards South, a Raghupathi Venkaiah Award, and a Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award – South.
Tim Conway, American comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter (died 2019)
Thomas Daniel "Tim" Conway was an American actor, comedian, writer, and director. Conway is perhaps best known as a regular cast member (1975–1978) on the TV comedy-variety series The Carol Burnett Show where he portrayed his recurrent iconic characters Mister Tudball and the Oldest Man. Conway was known for his physical comedy. Over his career he received numerous accolades, including five Primetime Emmy Awards and a Golden Globe Award. He received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1999 and was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame in 2002.
Donald Woods, South African journalist and activist (died 2001)
Donald James Woods was a South African journalist and anti-apartheid activist. As editor of the Daily Dispatch, he was known for befriending fellow activist Steve Biko, who was killed by police after being detained by the South African government. Woods continued his campaign against apartheid in London, and in 1978 became the first private citizen to address the United Nations Security Council.
15/12/1932
Jesse Belvin, American singer-songwriter and pianist (died 1960)
Jesse Lorenzo Belvin was an American singer, pianist and songwriter popular in the 1950s. Belvin co-wrote the 1954 Penguins' doo-wop classic "Earth Angel", which sold more than 10 million copies, while his top recording was the 1956 single "Goodnight My Love", a song that reached No. 7 on Billboard's R&B chart.
John Meurig Thomas, Welsh chemist and academic (died 2020)
Sir John Meurig Thomas, also known as JMT, was a Welsh scientist, educator, university administrator, and historian of science primarily known for his work on heterogeneous catalysis, solid-state chemistry, and surface and materials science.
15/12/1931
Klaus Rifbjerg, Danish author and poet (died 2015)
Klaus Rifbjerg was a Danish writer. He authored more than 170 novels, books and essays. In 1965 he co-produced the film 4x4 which was entered into the 4th Moscow International Film Festival.
15/12/1930
Edna O'Brien, Irish novelist, playwright, poet and short story writer (died 2024)
Josephine Edna O'Brien was an Irish novelist, memoirist, playwright, poet and short-story writer.
15/12/1928
Ernest Ashworth, American singer-songwriter (died 2009)
Ernest Bert Ashworth was an American country music singer, broadcaster, and longtime Grand Ole Opry star. Signed to the Hickory label, he recorded two studio albums in his career and charted several singles on Billboard Hot Country Songs, including the number one "Talk Back Trembling Lips" and seven other top ten hits.
Ida Haendel, Polish-English violinist and educator (died 2020)
Ida Haendel, was a world renowned Polish-British-Canadian violinist. Haendel was a child prodigy, her career spanning over seven decades. She also became an influential teacher.
Friedensreich Hundertwasser, Austrian-New Zealand painter and architect (died 2000)
Friedrich Stowasser, better known by his pseudonym Friedensreich Regentag Dunkelbunt Hundertwasser, was an Austrian visual artist, architect and activist.
15/12/1926
Bill Pitt, Australian race car driver (died 2017)
William Pitt (1926–2017) was an Australian former racing driver and motor racing official.
15/12/1925
Kasey Rogers, American actress and author (died 2006)
Kasey Rogers was an American actress and writer, best known for playing the second Louise Tate in the sitcom Bewitched.
15/12/1924
Frank W. J. Olver, English-American mathematician and academic (died 2013)
Frank William John Olver was a professor of mathematics at the Institute for Physical Science and Technology and Department of Mathematics at the University of Maryland who worked on asymptotic analysis, special functions, and numerical analysis. He was the editor in chief of the NIST Digital Library of Mathematical Functions.
Ruhi Sarıalp, Turkish triple jumper and educator (died 2001)
Ruhi Sarıalp was a Turkish track and field athlete, who competed mainly in the triple jump. He was born in Manisa.
15/12/1923
Pierre Cossette, American producer and manager (died 2009)
Pierre Maurice Joseph Cossette was a television executive producer and Broadway producer. Cossette produced the first television broadcast of the Grammy Awards in 1971. He was one of the founders of Dunhill Records.
Freeman Dyson, English-American physicist and mathematician (died 2020)
Freeman John Dyson was a British-American theoretical physicist and mathematician who worked in quantum field theory, astrophysics, random matrices, mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics, condensed matter physics, nuclear physics, and engineering. He was professor emeritus in the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton and a member of the board of sponsors of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists.
Uziel Gal, German-Israeli engineer, designed the Uzi gun (died 2002)
Uziel "Uzi" Gal was a German-born Israeli firearm designer who invented and became the eponym of the Uzi submachine gun.
Valentin Varennikov, Russian general and politician (died 2009)
Valentin Ivanovich Varennikov was a Soviet and Russian Army general and politician, best known for being one of the planners and leaders of the Soviet–Afghan War, as well as one of the instigators of the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt.
15/12/1921
Alan Freed, American radio host (died 1965)
Albert James "Alan" Freed was an American disc jockey. He also produced and promoted large traveling concerts with various acts, helping to spread the importance of rock and roll music throughout North America, including popularizing the term "rock and roll".
15/12/1920
Gamal al-Banna, Egyptian author and scholar (died 2013)
Gamal al-Banna was an Egyptian author, and trade unionist. He was the youngest brother of Hassan al-Banna (1906–49), founder of the Muslim Brotherhood. Al-Banna was considered a liberal scholar, known for his criticism of Islamic traditional narratives. He rejected 635 Hadiths of Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim which he found contradictory to the Qur'an. He was a great-uncle of the Swiss Muslim academic and writer Tariq Ramadan.
Kurt Schaffenberger, German-American sergeant and illustrator (died 2002)
Kurt Schaffenberger was an American comics artist. He was best known for his work on Captain Marvel and the Marvel Family during both the Golden Age and Bronze Age of comics, as well as his work on the title Superman's Girl Friend, Lois Lane during the 1950s and 1960s. Schaffenberger used the alias "Lou Wahl" on certain comics, when he was moonlighting from his main job of drawing Lois Lane at DC Comics.
15/12/1919
Max Yasgur, American dairy farmer and host of the Woodstock Music & Art Fair (died 1973)
Max Bernard Yasgur was an American farmer. He was the owner of the 600-acre (240 ha) dairy farm in Bethel, New York, where the Woodstock Music and Art Fair was held on August 15–18, 1969. He sold his farm in 1971 and retired to Florida, where he died in 1973.
15/12/1918
Jeff Chandler, American actor (died 1961)
Jeff Chandler was an American actor. He was best known for his portrayal of Cochise in Broken Arrow (1950), for which he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. He was one of Universal Pictures' more popular male stars of the 1950s. His other credits include Sword in the Desert (1948), Deported (1950), Female on the Beach (1955), and Away All Boats (1956). He also performed as a radio actor and as a singer.
Chihiro Iwasaki, Japanese painter and illustrator (died 1974)
Chihiro Iwasaki was a Japanese artist and illustrator best known for her water-colored illustrations of flowers and children, the theme of which was "peace and happiness for children".
15/12/1917
Shan-ul-Haq Haqqee, Indian-Pakistani linguist and lexicographer (died 2005)
Shan-ul-Haq Haqqee, Sitara-e-Imtiaz, Tamgha-e-Quaid-i-Azam, was an Urdu poet, writer, journalist, broadcaster, translator, critic, researcher, linguist and lexicographer of Pakistan.
15/12/1916
Miguel Arraes, Brazilian lawyer and politician, Governor of Pernambuco (died 2005)
Miguel Arraes de Alencar was a Brazilian lawyer and politician. He was mayor of Recife, State Deputy, Federal Deputy and three times Governor of Pernambuco.
Buddy Cole, American pianist and conductor (died 1964)
Edwin LeMar "Buddy" Cole was a jazz pianist, organist, orchestra leader, and composer. He played behind a number of pop singers, including Rosemary Clooney and Bing Crosby.
Maurice Wilkins, New Zealand-English physicist and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2004)
Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins was a New Zealand-born British biophysicist and Nobel laureate whose research spanned multiple areas of physics and biophysics, contributing to the scientific understanding of phosphorescence, isotope separation, optical microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. He is most noted for initiating and leading early X-ray diffraction studies on DNA at King's College London, and for his pivotal role in enabling the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA.
15/12/1915
Eila Campbell, English geographer and cartographer (died 1994)
Eila Muriel Joice Campbell was an English geographer and cartographer. She was best known for her work on Domesday Geography of England and her work on the international journal, Imago Mundi.
15/12/1913
Roger Gaudry, Canadian chemist and businessman (died 2001)
Roger Gaudry, was a Canadian chemist, businessman, corporate director, and rector of the Université de Montréal.
Muriel Rukeyser, American poet, academic, and activist (died 1980)
Muriel Rukeyser was an American poet, essayist, biographer, novelist, screenwriter, and political activist. She wrote across genres and forms, addressing issues related to racial, gender, and class justice, war and war crimes, Jewish culture and diaspora, and American history, politics, and culture. Kenneth Rexroth said that she was the greatest poet of her "exact generation." Anne Sexton famously described her as "beautiful Muriel, mother of everyone"; Adrienne Rich wrote that she was “our twentieth-century Coleridge; our Neruda."
15/12/1911
Nicholas P. Dallis, American psychiatrist and illustrator (died 1991)
Nicholas Peter Dallis, known as Nicholas P. Dallis, was an American psychiatrist turned comic strip writer, creator of the soap opera-style strips Rex Morgan, M.D., Judge Parker and Apartment 3-G. Separating his comics career from his medical practice, he wrote under pseudonyms, Dal Curtis for Rex Morgan, M.D. and Paul Nichols for Judge Parker.
Stan Kenton, American pianist and composer (died 1979)
Stanley Newcomb Kenton was an American popular music and jazz artist. As a pianist, composer, arranger and band leader, he led an innovative and influential jazz orchestra for almost four decades. Though Kenton had several pop hits from the early 1940s into the 1960s, his music was always forward-looking. Kenton was also a pioneer in the field of jazz education, creating the Stan Kenton Jazz Camp in 1959 at Indiana University.
15/12/1910
John Hammond, American record producer and critic (died 1987)
John Henry Hammond Jr. was an American record producer, civil rights activist, and music critic active from the 1930s to the early 1980s. As a talent scout, Hammond became one of the most influential figures in 20th-century popular music. He is the father of blues musician John P. Hammond.
15/12/1909
Sattar Bahlulzade, Azerbaijani-Russian painter (died 1974)
Sattar Bahlulzade was an Azerbaijani painter, best known for his landscape paintings depicting the nature of Azerbaijan. He is considered to be the founder of Azerbaijani Impressionism.
Eliza Atkins Gleason, American librarian (died 2009)
Eliza Atkins Gleason was the first African American to receive a doctorate in Library Science at the University of Chicago Graduate Library School in 1940. In 1941, she established and became the first Dean of the School of Library Service at Atlanta University and created a library education program that trained 90 percent of all African-American librarians by 1986.
15/12/1908
Swami Ranganathananda, Indian monk, scholar, and author (died 2005)
Swami Ranganathananda was a Hindu swami of the Ramakrishna Math order. He served as the 13th president of the Ramakrishna Math and Ramakrishna Mission.
15/12/1907
Gordon Douglas, American actor, director, and screenwriter (died 1993)
Gordon Douglas Brickner was an American film director and actor, who directed many different genres of films over the course of a five-decade career in motion pictures.
Oscar Niemeyer, Brazilian architect, designed the United Nations Headquarters and the Cathedral of Brasília (died 2012)
Oscar Ribeiro de Almeida Niemeyer Soares Filho, known as Oscar Niemeyer, was a Brazilian architect considered to be one of the key figures in the development of modern architecture. Niemeyer was best known for his design of civic buildings for Brasília, a planned city that became Brazil's capital in 1960, as well as his collaboration with other architects on the headquarters of the United Nations in New York. His exploration of the aesthetic possibilities of reinforced concrete was highly influential in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.
15/12/1903
Tamanishiki San'emon, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 32nd Yokozuna (died 1938)
Tamanishiki San'emon was a Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Kōchi. He was the sport's 32nd yokozuna. He won a total of nine top division yūshō or tournament championships from 1929 to 1936, and was the dominant wrestler in sumo until the emergence of Futabayama. He died whilst still an active wrestler.
15/12/1902
Robert F. Bradford, American lawyer and politician, 57th Governor of Massachusetts (died 1983)
Robert Fiske Bradford was an American lawyer and politician who served one term as the 57th governor of Massachusetts, from 1947 to 1949.
15/12/1899
Harold Abrahams, English sprinter, lawyer, and journalist (died 1978)
Harold Maurice Abrahams was an English track and field athlete. He was Olympic champion in 1924 in the 100 metres sprint, a feat depicted in the 1981 film Chariots of Fire.
15/12/1896
Betty Smith, American author and playwright (died 1972)
Betty Smith was an American playwright and novelist, who wrote the 1943 bestseller A Tree Grows in Brooklyn.
15/12/1894
Vibert Douglas, Canadian astrophysicist and astronomer (died 1988)
Alice Vibert Douglas, who usually went by her middle name, was a Canadian astronomer and astrophysicist.
Josef Imbach, Swiss sprinter (died 1964)
Josef Imbach was a Swiss sprinter who competed in the Olympic Games in 1920 and 1924.
15/12/1892
J. Paul Getty, American-English businessman and art collector, founded Getty Oil (died 1976)
Jean Paul Getty Sr. was an American petroleum industrialist who founded the Getty Oil Company in 1942 and was the longtime patriarch of the Getty family. A native of Minneapolis, Minnesota, he was the son of pioneer oilman George Getty. In 1957, Fortune magazine named J. Paul Getty the wealthiest living American, while the 1966 Guinness Book of Records declared him to be the world's wealthiest private citizen, worth an estimated $1.2 billion. At the time of his death, he was worth more than $6 billion. A book published in 1996 ranked him as the 67th wealthiest American who ever lived.
15/12/1891
A.P. Carter, American country singer-songwriter and musician (died 1960)
Alvin Pleasant Delaney Carter was an American musician and a founding member of the Carter Family, one of the most popular acts in the history of country music.
15/12/1890
Harry Babcock, American pole vaulter (died 1965)
Henry Stoddard Babcock was an American pole vaulter who won the gold medal at the 1912 Summer Olympics, setting an Olympic record at 3.95 meters.
15/12/1888
Maxwell Anderson, American journalist and playwright (died 1959)
James Maxwell Anderson was an American playwright, author, poet, journalist, and lyricist.
15/12/1886
Wanda Krahelska-Filipowicz, Polish politician and resistance fighter (died 1968)
Wanda Krahelska-Filipowicz, code name "Alinka" or "Alicja", was a leading figure in Warsaw’s underground resistance movement throughout the years of German occupation during World War II in Poland, co-founder of Żegota. As the well-connected wife of a former ambassador to Washington, she used her contacts with both the military and political leadership of the Polish Underground to materially influence the underground's policy of aiding Poland's Jewish population during the war.
Florence Jepperson Madsen, American contralto singer and professor of music (died 1977)
Florence Jepperson Madsen was an American contralto singer, vocal instructor, and professor of music. She served as the head of the music department of Brigham Young University (BYU) for ten years.
15/12/1885
Leonid Pitamic, Slovenian lawyer, philosopher, and academic (died 1971)
Leonid Pitamic was a Slovene Yugoslav lawyer, philosopher of law, diplomat, and academic.
15/12/1878
Hans Carossa, German author and poet (died 1956)
Hans Carossa was a German novelist, poet, and medical doctor, known mostly for his autobiographical novels, and his inner emigration during the Nazi era.
15/12/1875
Emilio Jacinto, Filipino journalist and activist (died 1899)
Emilio Jacinto y Dizon was a Filipino general during the Philippine Revolution. He was one of the highest-ranking officers in the Philippine Revolution and was one of the highest-ranking officers of the revolutionary society Kataas-taasang, Kagalang-galang na Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan, or simply and more popularly called Katipunan, being a member of its Supreme Council. He was elected Secretary of State for the Haring Bayang Katagalugan, a revolutionary government established during the outbreak of hostilities. He is popularly known in Philippine history textbooks as the Brains of the Katipunan while some contend he should be rightfully recognized as the "Brains of the Revolution". Jacinto was present in the so-called Cry of Pugad Lawin with Andrés Bonifacio, the Supremo of the Katipunan, and others of its members which signaled the start of the Revolution against the Spanish government in the islands.
15/12/1869
Leon Marchlewski, Polish chemist and academic (died 1946)
Leon Paweł Teodor Marchlewski was a Polish chemist, the first Director and Honorary Member of the Polish Chemical Society. He was one of the founders in the field of chlorophyll chemistry and a precursor of clinical chemistry.
15/12/1863
Arthur Dehon Little, American chemist and engineer (died 1935)
Arthur Dehon Little was an American chemist and chemical engineer. He founded the consulting company Arthur D. Little and was instrumental in developing chemical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Little is credited with introducing the term unit operations to chemical engineering and promoting the concept of industrial research.
15/12/1861
Charles Duryea, American engineer and businessman, co-founded the Duryea Motor Wagon Company (died 1938)
Charles Edgar Duryea was an American engineer. He was the engineer of the second working American gasoline-powered car and co-founder of Duryea Motor Wagon Company. He was born near Canton, Illinois, a son of George Washington Duryea and Louisa Melvina Turner, and died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, but spent most of his life working in Springfield, Massachusetts.
Pehr Evind Svinhufvud, Finnish lawyer, judge, and politician, 3rd President of Finland (died 1944)
Pehr Evind Svinhufvud af Qvalstad served as the president of Finland from 1931 to 1937. Before 1917, as a lawyer, judge, and politician in the Grand Duchy of Finland, Svinhufvud played a major role in the movement for Finnish independence, and he presented the Declaration of Independence to the Parliament on 15 December [O.S. 4 December] 1917.
15/12/1860
Niels Ryberg Finsen, Faroese-Danish physician and educator, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1904)
Niels Ryberg Finsen was a physician and scientist. In 1903, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology "in recognition of his contribution to the treatment of diseases, especially lupus vulgaris, with concentrated light radiation, whereby he has opened a new avenue for medical science."
Abner Powell, American baseball player and manager (died 1953)
Abner Charles Powell was an American professional baseball player. Powell played in Major League Baseball for the Washington Nationals of the Union Association in 1884. He later played for the Baltimore Orioles and the Cincinnati Red Stockings of the American Association in 1886. He also managed and owned several teams, and is best known for his innovations as a manager.
15/12/1859
L. L. Zamenhof, Polish linguist and ophthalmologist, created Esperanto (died 1917)
L. L. Zamenhof (1859–1917) was the creator of Esperanto, the most widely used constructed international auxiliary language.
15/12/1852
Henri Becquerel, French physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1908)
Antoine Henri Becquerel was a French experimental physicist who shared the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics with Marie and Pierre Curie for his discovery of radioactivity.
15/12/1846
Amunda Kolderup, Norwegian opera singer (died 1882)
Amunda Bartholda Wilhelmine Mariane Kolderup was a Norwegian opera singer.
15/12/1837
E. W. Bullinger, English minister, scholar, and theologian (died 1913)
Ethelbert William Bullinger was an Anglican clergyman, biblical scholar, and ultradispensationalist theologian.
15/12/1832
Gustave Eiffel, French architect and engineer, co-designed the Eiffel Tower (died 1923)
Alexandre Gustave Eiffel was a French civil engineer. A graduate of École Centrale des Arts et Métiers, he made his name with various bridges for the French railway network, most famously the Garabit Viaduct. He is best known for the Eiffel Tower, designed by his company and built for the 1889 Universal Exposition in Paris, and his contribution to building the Statue of Liberty in New York. After his retirement from engineering, Eiffel focused on research into meteorology and aerodynamics, making significant contributions in both fields.
15/12/1789
Carlos Soublette, Venezuelan general and politician, 11th President of Venezuela (died 1870)
Carlos Valentín José de la Soledad Antonio del Sacramento de Soublette y Jerez de Aristeguieta was a Venezuelan politician and military officer who was the 7th and 9th president of Venezuela from 1837 to 1839 and again from 1843 to 1847 and a hero of the Venezuelan War of Independence.
15/12/1710
Francesco Zahra, Maltese painter (died 1773)
Francesco Vincenzo Zahra was a Maltese painter who mainly painted religious works in the Neapolitan Baroque style. His works may be found in many churches around the Maltese Islands, as well as in some private collections and museums. He is considered to be the greatest painter from 18th-century Malta.
15/12/1686
Jean-Joseph Fiocco, Flemish violinist and composer (died 1746)
Jean-Joseph Fiocco was a Flemish composer of the high and late Baroque period.
15/12/1657
Michel Richard Delalande, French organist and composer (died 1726)
Michel Richard Delalande [de Lalande] was a French Baroque composer and organist who was in the service of King Louis XIV. He was one of the most important composers of grands motets. He also wrote orchestral suites known as Simphonies pour les Soupers du Roy and ballets.
15/12/1610
David Teniers the Younger, Flemish painter (died 1690)
David Teniers the Younger or David Teniers II was a Flemish Baroque painter, printmaker, and artist. He was an extremely versatile artist known for his prolific output. He was an innovator in a wide range of genres such as history painting, genre painting, landscape painting, portrait and still life. He is now best remembered as the leading Flemish genre painter of his day. Teniers is particularly known for developing the peasant genre, the tavern scene, pictures of collections and scenes with alchemists and physicians.
15/12/1567
Christoph Demantius, German composer, poet, and theorist (died 1643)
Johann Christoph Demantius was a German composer, music theorist, writer and poet. He was an exact contemporary of Monteverdi, and represented a transitional phase in German Lutheran music from the polyphonic Renaissance style to the early Baroque.
15/12/1447
Albert IV, Duke of Bavaria (died 1508)
Albert IV was Duke of Bavaria-Munich from 1467, and duke of the reunited Bavaria from 1503.
15/12/1242
Prince Munetaka, Japanese shōgun (died 1274)
Prince Munetaka was the sixth shōgun of the Kamakura shogunate of Japan who reigned from 1252 to 1266.
15/12/0130
Lucius Verus, Roman emperor (died 169)
Year 130 (CXXX) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Catullinus and Aper. The denomination 130 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
15/12/0037
Nero, Roman emperor (died 68)
AD 37 (XXXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Proculus and Pontius. The denomination AD 37 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Lives Remembered on 15th December
On 15th December, 86 remarkable people passed away — from 933 to 2025. Remember the lives and legacies of those we lost on this day.
15/12/2025
William J. Bauer, senior United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit in Chicago and previously a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, (born 1926)
William Joseph Bauer was an American judge who was a senior circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit in Chicago from 1974 until his death, having been nominated to the position by President Gerald Ford. He previously was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois from 1971 until 1975, having been nominated by President Richard Nixon. He was known for presiding over the Amoco Cadiz oil spill case.
15/12/2024
Zakir Hussain, Indian tabla player, musical producer, film actor and composer (born 1951)
Ustad Zakir Hussain Qureshi was an Indian tabla player, composer, arranger, percussionist, music producer and film actor who was based for much of his career in the San Francisco Bay Area. The eldest son of esteemed tabla player Alla Rakha, Zakir Hussain was widely regarded as the greatest tabla player of his generation and one of its finest percussionists. He produced music across multiple genres and contributed to popularizing Indian classical music to a global audience.
15/12/2020
Saufatu Sopoanga, Tuvaluan politician, 8th Prime Minister of Tuvalu (born 1952)
Saufatu Sopoanga was a Tuvaluan politician who served as the eighth prime minister of Tuvalu from 2 August 2002 to 27 August 2004. He drew international attention for his speeches warning about the effects of the rising sea level on Tuvalu and other low-lying island countries.
15/12/2018
Eryue He, Chinese historical fiction writer (born 1945)
Ling Jiefang, better known by his pen name Eryue He, was a Chinese historical fiction writer. He is best known for writing biographical novels of three Qing dynasty emperors, all of which have been adapted into award-winning television series.
Girma Wolde-Giorgis, President of Ethiopia (born 1924)
Girma Wolde-Giorgis was an Ethiopian politician who was the president of Ethiopia from 2001 to 2013. He was the second person to hold the office of president since the founding of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia in 1995.
15/12/2017
Heinz Wolff, scientist and TV presenter (born 1928)
Heinz Siegfried Wolff, was a German-born British scientist as well as a television and radio presenter. He was best known for the BBC television series The Great Egg Race.
Calestous Juma, academic (born 1953)
Calestous Juma was a Kenyan scientist and academic, specializing in sustainable development. He was named one of the most influential 100 Africans in 2012, 2013 and 2014 by the New African magazine. He was Professor of the Practice of International Development and Faculty Chair of the Innovation for Economic Development Executive Program at Harvard Kennedy School. Juma was Director of the School's Science, Technology and Globalization Project at Harvard Kennedy School as well as the Agricultural Innovation in Africa Project funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
15/12/2016
Craig Sager, American sports journalist (born 1951)
Craig Graham Sager was an American sports reporter who covered an array of sports for CNN and its sister stations TBS and TNT, from 1981 until his death in late 2016.
15/12/2015
Harry Zvi Tabor, English-Israeli physicist and engineer (born 1917)
Harry Zvi Tabor was an Israeli physicist. He is known as the father of Israeli solar energy. He is generally credited with having brought Israel's solar energy program to international prominence.
15/12/2014
Donald Metcalf, Australian physiologist and immunologist (born 1929)
Donald Metcalf AC FRS FAA was an Australian medical researcher who spent most of his career at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research in Melbourne. In 1954 he received the Carden Fellowship from the Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria; while he officially retired in 1996, he continued working and held his fellowship until his death in December 2014.
Fausto Zapata, Mexican journalist, lawyer, and politician, Governor of San Luis Potosí (born 1940)
Fausto Zapata Loredo was a Mexican lawyer, politician, diplomat, journalist and television presenter. A member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), he briefly served as governor of San Luis Potosí in 1991 before being forced to resign amid post-election fraud accusations. He had previously served in both chambers of Congress and also held a variety of diplomatic positions.
15/12/2013
Harold Camping, American evangelist, author, radio host (born 1921)
Harold Egbert Camping was an American Christian radio broadcaster and evangelist. Beginning in 1958, he served as president of Family Radio, a California-based radio station group that, at its peak, broadcast to more than 150 markets in the United States. In October 2011, he retired from active broadcasting following a stroke, but still maintained a role at Family Radio until his death. Camping was notorious for issuing a succession of failed predictions of dates for the End Times, which temporarily gained him a global following and millions of dollars of donations.
Joan Fontaine, British-American actress (born 1917)
Joan de Beauvoir de Havilland, known professionally as Joan Fontaine, was a British-American actress best known for her roles in Hollywood films during the Golden Age of Hollywood. Fontaine appeared in more than 45 films in a career that spanned five decades. She was the younger sister of actress Olivia de Havilland. Their rivalry was well documented in the media at the height of Fontaine's career.
Dyron Nix, American basketball player (born 1967)
Dyron Patrick Nix was an American professional basketball player. During his professional career, he played in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as well as in several other leagues worldwide.
15/12/2012
Owoye Andrew Azazi, Nigerian general (born 1952)
Owoye Andrew Azazi GSS DSS MSS CMH was a Nigerian army general who served as National Security Adviser to President Goodluck Jonathan, was Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) of Nigeria, and Chief of Army Staff (COAS). Before his first service chief appointment (COAS), he was General Officer Commanding (GOC) 1 Division, Kaduna State.
Patrick Ibrahim Yakowa, Nigerian politician, 18th Governor of Kaduna State (born 1948)
Patrick Ibrahim Yakowa (1 December 1948 – 15 December 2012) was a Nigerian politician who served as governor of Kaduna State from 2010 to 2012. He was appointed deputy governor of Kaduna State in July 2005, following the death of Stephen Shekari and was elected in 2007. He was sworn in as governor on 20 May 2010, replacing governor Namadi Sambo who had been sworn in as vice president the day before. Yakowa successfully ran for election as Kaduna Governor in the 26 April 2011 polls.
Olga Zubarry, Argentinian actress (born 1929)
Olga Zubarry was an Argentine actress who appeared in film between 1943 and 1997. She made over 60 appearances in film, spanning six decades of Argentine cinema, but is best known for her work during the Golden Age of Argentine cinema. Throughout the course of her career, she received four Silver Condor Awards, two Martín Fierro Awards, a Konex Foundation Award and several others for her films and television performances. She is credited with starring in the first film in Argentina which featured nudity, though only her back was shown and she stated repeatedly that she wore a flesh-colored mesh and was not truly nude.
15/12/2011
Bob Brookmeyer, American trombone player and composer (born 1929)
Robert Edward "Bob" Brookmeyer was an American jazz valve trombonist, pianist, arranger, and composer. Born in Kansas City, Missouri, Brookmeyer first gained widespread public attention as a member of Gerry Mulligan's quartet from 1954 to 1957. He later worked with Jimmy Giuffre, before rejoining Mulligan's Concert Jazz Band. He received eight Grammy Award nominations during his lifetime.
Christopher Hitchens, English-American essayist, literary critic, and journalist (born 1949)
Christopher Eric Hitchens was a British and American author and journalist. Known as one of the "Four Horsemen" of New Atheism, he gained prominence as a columnist and speaker. His epistemological razor, which states that "what can be asserted without evidence can also be dismissed without evidence", is used in philosophy and law.
15/12/2010
Blake Edwards, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1922)
Blake Edwards was an American filmmaker, producer, and screenwriter. Often thought of as primarily a director of comedies, he also directed several drama, musical, and detective films. Late in his career, he took up writing, producing and directing for theater. He received an Honorary Academy Award in recognition of his writing, directing and producing an extraordinary body of work for the screen.
Bob Feller, American baseball player and sportscaster (born 1918)
Robert William Andrew Feller, nicknamed "the Heater from Van Meter", "Bullet Bob", and "Rapid Robert", was an American professional baseball player who was a pitcher for 18 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Cleveland Indians between 1936 and 1956. In a career spanning 570 games, Feller pitched 3,827 innings and posted a win–loss record of 266–162, with 279 complete games, 44 shutouts, and a 3.25 earned run average (ERA). His career 2,581 strikeouts were third all-time upon his retirement.
Eugene Victor Wolfenstein, American psychoanalyst and theorist (born 1940)
Eugene Victor Wolfenstein was an American social theorist, practicing psychoanalyst, and a professor of political science at University of California, Los Angeles.
15/12/2009
Eliza Atkins Gleason, American librarian (born 1909)
Eliza Atkins Gleason was the first African American to receive a doctorate in Library Science at the University of Chicago Graduate Library School in 1940. In 1941, she established and became the first Dean of the School of Library Service at Atlanta University and created a library education program that trained 90 percent of all African-American librarians by 1986.
Oral Roberts, American evangelist, founded the Oral Roberts Evangelistic Association (born 1918)
Granville Oral Roberts was an American Charismatic Christian televangelist, who was one of the first to propagate Prosperity Gospel Theology. He was ordained in the International Pentecostal Holiness Church from 1936 until his transfer to the United Methodist church in 1968, a controversial relationship that ended in 1987 when his credentials were revoked. He is considered one of the forerunners of the Charismatic movement, and at the height of his career was one of the most recognized preachers in the US. He founded the Oral Roberts Evangelistic Association and Oral Roberts University.
15/12/2008
León Febres Cordero, Ecuadorian engineer and politician, 46th President of Ecuador (born 1931)
León Esteban Febres-Cordero Ribadeneyra, known in the Ecuadorian media as LFC or more simply Febres-Cordero, was an Ecuadorian politician who was the 35th President of Ecuador, serving a four-year term from 10 August 1984 to 10 August 1988. During his presidency he sought to introduce market-oriented reforms, and also led a security crackdown on a small guerrilla group named ¡Alfaro Vive, Carajo!.
15/12/2007
Julia Carson, American lawyer and politician (born 1938)
Julia May Carson was an American politician who served as a member of the United States House of Representatives for Indiana's 7th congressional district from 1997 until she died in 2007. Carson was the first woman and first African American to represent Indianapolis in the U.S. Congress. She was also the second African American woman elected to Congress from Indiana, after Katie Hall, and her grandson André Carson succeeded to her seat following her death.
15/12/2006
Clay Regazzoni, Swiss race car driver (born 1939)
Gianclaudio Giuseppe "Clay" Regazzoni was a Swiss racing driver and broadcaster, who competed in Formula One from 1970 to 1980. Regazzoni was runner-up in the Formula One World Drivers' Championship in 1974 with Ferrari, and won five Grands Prix across 11 seasons.
Mary Stolz, American journalist and author (born 1920)
Mary Stolz was an American writer of fiction for children and young adults. She received the 1953 Child Study Association of America's Children's Book Award for In a Mirror, Newbery Honors in 1962 for Belling the Tiger and 1966 for The Noonday Friends, and her entire body of work was awarded the George G. Stone Recognition of Merit in 1982.
15/12/2005
Heinrich Gross, Austrian physician and psychiatrist (born 1914)
Heinrich Gross was an Austrian psychiatrist, medical doctor and neurologist, a reputed expert as a leading court-appointed psychiatrist, known for his proven involvement in the killing of at least nine children with physical, mental and/or emotional/behavioral characteristics considered "unclean" by the Nazi regime, under its Euthanasia Program. His role in hundreds of other cases of infanticide is unclear. Gross was head of the Spiegelgrund children's psychiatric clinic for two years during World War II.
Stan Leonard, Canadian golfer (born 1915)
Stan Leonard was a Canadian professional golfer who played on the PGA Tour in the 1950s and 1960s. Leonard won three PGA Tour events, eight Canadian PGA Championships, and 16 other significant events in Canada. He is a member of the Canadian Golf Hall of Fame.
William Proxmire, American soldier, journalist, and politician (born 1915)
Edward William Proxmire was an American politician. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as a United States senator from Wisconsin from 1957 to 1989. He holds the record for being the longest-serving senator from Wisconsin.
Darrell Russell, American football player (born 1976)
Darrell Anthony Russell Jr. was an American professional football player who was a defensive tackle for the Oakland Raiders and Washington Redskins of the National Football League (NFL). He died in a car crash near Los Angeles after being indefinitely banned from the NFL for repeated violations of the league's substance abuse policy.
15/12/2004
Vassal Gadoengin, Nauruan educator and politician, Speaker of the Nauru Parliament (born 1943)
Vassal Abago Bagobagan Gadoengin was a political figure from the Pacific nation of Nauru.
15/12/2003
Vincent Apap, Maltese sculptor (born 1909)
Vincent Apap, OBE was a Maltese sculptor who is well known for designing various public monuments and church statues, most notably the Triton Fountain in Valletta. He has been called "one of Malta's foremost sculptors of the Modern Period" by the studio of Renzo Piano.
George Fisher, American cartoonist (born 1923)
George Fisher was an American political cartoonist.
Keith Magnuson, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (born 1947)
Keith Arlen Magnuson was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman from Wadena, Saskatchewan who played in the National Hockey League (NHL) between 1969 and 1979.
15/12/2000
Haris Brkić, Bosnian-Serbian basketball player (born 1974)
Haris Brkić was a Yugoslavian basketball player. He achieved greatest results in Partizan and he is still remembered by fans for his great contribution to the club.
15/12/1993
William Dale Phillips, American chemist and engineer (born 1925)
William Dale Phillips was an American chemist, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopist, federal science policy advisor and member of the National Academy of Sciences.
15/12/1991
Vasily Zaytsev, Russian captain (born 1915)
Vasily Grigoryevich Zaitsev was a Soviet sniper who served in World War II.
15/12/1989
Edward Underdown, English actor and jockey (born 1908)
Charles Edward Underdown was an English theatre, cinema and television actor.
15/12/1986
Serge Lifar, Russian-French ballet dancer and choreographer (born 1905)
Serge Lifar was a Ukrainian dancer. Lifar was also a choreographer, director, writer, theoretician about dance, and collector.
15/12/1985
Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, Mauritian physician and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Mauritius (born 1900)
Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, often referred to as Chacha "Uncle" Ramgoolam or SSR, was a Mauritian physician, politician, and statesman. He served as the island's only chief minister and premier and then becoming its first prime minister, and eventually served as governor-general.
15/12/1984
Jan Peerce, American tenor and actor (born 1904)
Jan Peerce was an American operatic tenor. Peerce was an accomplished performer on the operatic and Broadway concert stages, in solo recitals, and as a recording artist. He is the father of film director Larry Peerce.
15/12/1980
Peter Gregg, American race car driver (born 1940)
Peter Holden Gregg was an American race car driver during the golden age of the Trans-Am Series and a five-time winner of the 24 Hours of Daytona. He was also the owner of Brumos, a Jacksonville, Florida, car dealership and racing team.
15/12/1978
Chill Wills, American actor (born 1903)
Theodore Childress "Chill" Wills was an American actor and a singer in the Avalon Boys quartet.
15/12/1977
Wilfred Kitching, English 7th General of The Salvation Army (born 1893)
Wilfred Kitching CBE was a British Salvation Army officer who was their seventh General between 1954 and 1963.
15/12/1974
Anatole Litvak, Russian-American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1902)
Anatoly Mikhailovich Litvak OBE, commonly known as Anatole Litvak, was a Russian-American filmmaker.
15/12/1971
Paul Lévy, French mathematician and theorist (born 1886)
Paul Pierre Lévy was a French mathematician who was active especially in probability theory, introducing fundamental concepts such as local time, stable distributions and characteristic functions. Lévy processes, Lévy flights, Lévy measures, Lévy's constant, the Lévy distribution, the Lévy area, the Lévy arcsine law, and the fractal Lévy C curve are named after him.
15/12/1969
Karl Theodor Bleek, German lawyer and politician, 12th Mayor of Marburg (born 1898)
Karl Theodor Bleek was a liberal German politician.
15/12/1968
Antonio Barrette, Canadian politician, 18th Premier of Quebec (born 1899)
Antonio J. Barrette was a Canadian politician born in Joliette, Quebec, Canada, who served as the 18th premier of Quebec.
Jess Willard, American boxer and actor (born 1881)
Jess Myron Willard was an American world heavyweight boxing champion billed as the Pottawatomie Giant. He won the world heavyweight title in 1915 by knocking out Jack Johnson.
15/12/1966
Keith Arbuthnott, 15th Viscount of Arbuthnott, Indian-Scottish general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Kincardineshire (born 1897)
Major-General Robert Keith Arbuthnott, 15th Viscount of Arbuthnott, was a senior British Army officer who served in both the First World War and the Second World War.
Walt Disney, American animator, director, producer, and screenwriter, co-founded The Walt Disney Company (born 1901)
Walter Elias Disney was an American animator, film producer, voice actor, and entrepreneur. A pioneer of the American animation industry, he introduced several developments in the production of cartoons. As a film producer, he holds the record for most Academy Awards won (22) and nominations (59) by an individual. He was presented with two Golden Globe Special Achievement Awards and an Emmy Award, among other honors. Several of his films are included in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress and have also been named as some of the best by the American Film Institute.
15/12/1965
M. Balasundaram, Sri Lankan journalist, lawyer, and politician (born 1903)
Murugesu Balasundaram was a Ceylon Tamil lawyer, politician and Member of Parliament.
15/12/1962
Charles Laughton, English-American actor, director, and producer (born 1899)
Charles Laughton was an English actor and director. Over his career he received an Academy Award and a Grammy Award as well as nominations for two BAFTAs and a Golden Globe. He earned a motion picture star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1960.
15/12/1958
Wolfgang Pauli, Austrian-Swiss physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1900)
Wolfgang Ernst Pauli was an Austrian theoretical physicist and a pioneer of quantum mechanics. In 1945, after having been nominated by Albert Einstein, Pauli received the Nobel Prize in Physics "for the discovery of the Exclusion Principle, also called the Pauli Principle". The discovery involved spin theory, which is the basis of a theory of the structure of matter.
15/12/1950
Vallabhbhai Patel, Indian lawyer and politician, 1st Deputy Prime Minister of India (born 1875)
Vallabhbhai Patel, commonly known as Sardar Patel, was a Gandhian Indian independence activist, lawyer and statesman who served as the first Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister of India from 1947 to 1950. He was a senior leader of the Indian National Congress, who played a significant role in the Indian independence movement and India's political integration. In India and elsewhere, he was often called Sardar meaning "chief". He acted as the Home Minister during the political integration of India and the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947.
15/12/1947
Arthur Machen, Welsh journalist and author (born 1863)
Arthur Llewellyn Jones, known by his pen name Arthur Machen, was a Welsh author and mystic of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He is best known for his influential supernatural, fantasy and horror fiction. His novella The Great God Pan has garnered a reputation as a classic of horror; Stephen King described it as "Maybe the best [horror story] in the English language." He is also known for "The Bowmen", a short story that was widely read as fact, creating the legend of the Angels of Mons.
Crawford Vaughan, Australian politician, 27th Premier of South Australia (born 1874)
Crawford Vaughan was an Australian politician, and the Premier of South Australia from 1915 to 1917. He was a member of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1905 to 1918, representing Torrens (1905–1915) and Sturt (1915–1918). Elected for the United Labor Party, he served as Treasurer in the Verran government, succeeded Verran as Labor leader in 1913, and was elected Premier after the Labor victory at the 1915 state election.
15/12/1944
Glenn Miller, American bandleader and composer (born 1904)
Alton Glen "Glenn" Miller was an American big band conductor, arranger, composer, trombonist, and recording artist before and during World War II, when he was an officer in the US Army Air Forces. His civilian band, Glenn Miller and his Orchestra, was one of the most popular and successful bands of the 20th century and the big-band era.
15/12/1943
Fats Waller, American singer-songwriter and pianist (born 1904)
Thomas Wright "Fats" Waller was an American jazz pianist, organist, composer, and singer. His innovations in the stride style were widely influential among musicians. A popular performer in the jazz age and swing era, he toured internationally, achieving critical and commercial success in the United States and Europe. His best-known songs, "Ain't Misbehavin'" and "Honeysuckle Rose", were inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1984 and 1999 respectively.
15/12/1890
Sitting Bull, Hunkpapa Lakota tribal chief (born 1831)
Sitting Bull was a Hunkpapa Lakota leader who led his people during years of resistance against United States government policies. Sitting Bull was killed by Indian agency police accompanied by U.S. officers and supported by U.S. troops on the Standing Rock Indian Reservation during an attempt to arrest him at a time when authorities feared that he would join the Ghost Dance movement.
15/12/1878
Alfred Bird, English chemist and businessman, invented baking powder (born 1811)
Alfred Bird was an English food manufacturer and chemist. He was born in Nympsfield, Gloucestershire, England in 1811 and was later a pupil at King Edward's School, Birmingham. He was the inventor of a series of food products, most notably egg-free custard and baking powder. His father was a lecturer in astronomy at Eton College. His son Alfred Frederick Bird continued to develop the business after his father's death.
15/12/1855
Jacques Charles François Sturm, French mathematician and academic (born 1803)
Jacques Charles François Sturm was a French mathematician, who made a significant addition to equation theory with his work, Sturm's theorem.
15/12/1819
Daniel Rutherford, Scottish chemist and physician (born 1749)
Daniel Rutherford was a Scottish physician, chemist and botanist who is known for the isolation of nitrogen in 1772.
15/12/1817
Federigo Zuccari, astronomer, director of the Astronomical Observatory of Naples (born 1783)
Federigo, Vincenzo Antonio, Ludovico Zuccari was an Italian astronomer, professor of Astronomy at the Naples University, professor of Mathematical Geography at the Military Academy of Naples and director of the Astronomical Observatory of Naples.
15/12/1812
Shneur Zalman, Russian rabbi, author and founder of Chabad (born 1745)
Shneur Zalman of Liadi, commonly known as the Alter Rebbe or Baal Hatanya, was a rabbi and the founder and first Rebbe of Chabad, a branch of Hasidic Judaism. He wrote many works and is best known for Shulchan Aruch HaRav, Tanya, and his Siddur Torah Ohr, compiled according to the Nusach Ari.
15/12/1792
Joseph Martin Kraus, Swedish pianist, violinist, and composer (born 1756)
Joseph Martin Kraus, was a German-Swedish composer in the Classical era who was born in Miltenberg am Main, Holy Roman Empire. He moved to Sweden at age 21, and died at the age of 36 in Stockholm. He has been referred to as "the Swedish Mozart", although his music is rarely performed today. He is best known for having been a sacred music composer, while his symphonic output was much higher than is extant today. He composed in a wide array of forms, and took his greatest aesthetic influence from Haydn and Mozart. His competency and artistic skills were praised almost universally during his time.
15/12/1753
Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington, English architect and politician, designed Chiswick House (born 1694)
Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington was a British architect and politician often called the "Apollo of the Arts" and the "Architect Earl". The son of the 2nd Earl of Burlington and 3rd Earl of Cork, Burlington never took more than a passing interest in politics despite his position as a Privy Counsellor and a member of both the British House of Lords and the Irish House of Lords.
15/12/1715
George Hickes, English minister and scholar (born 1642)
George Hickes was an English divine and scholar.
15/12/1698
Louis Victor de Rochechouart de Mortemart, French nobleman (born 1636)
Louis Victor de Rochechouart, 2nd Duke of Mortemart and Duke of Vivonne was a French military officer and nobleman who was a member of the ancient House of Rochechouart. His father, Gabriel de Rochechouart de Mortemart, was a childhood friend of Louis XIII. His older sister was Gabrielle de Rochechouart de Mortemart, a celebrated beauty of the era; another sister was Madame de Montespan, the mistress of Louis XIV. Louis de Rochechouart commanded the French fleet in the Battle of Palermo. He was made a Marshal of France.
15/12/1688
Gaspar Fagel, Dutch lawyer and politician (born 1634)
Gaspar Fagel was a Dutch politician, jurist, and diplomat who authored correspondence from and on behalf of William III, Prince of Orange, during the English Revolution of 1688.
15/12/1683
Izaak Walton, English author (born 1593)
Izaak Walton was an English writer. Best known as the author of The Compleat Angler (1653), he also wrote a number of short biographies including one of his friend John Donne. They have been collected under the title of Walton's Lives.
15/12/1675
Johannes Vermeer, Dutch painter and educator (born 1632)
Johannes Vermeer was a Dutch painter who specialized in domestic interior scenes of middle-class life. He is considered one of the greatest painters of the Dutch Golden Age. During his lifetime, he was a moderately successful provincial genre painter, recognized in Delft and The Hague. He produced relatively few paintings, primarily earning his living as an art dealer. He was not wealthy; at his death, his wife was left in debt.
15/12/1673
Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, English noblewoman (born 1623)
Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne was an English natural philosopher, poet, fiction writer, and playwright. She was a prolific writer, publishing over a dozen original texts under her name at a time when women were largely excluded from publishing.
15/12/1621
Charles d'Albert, duc de Luynes, French courtier, Constable of France (born 1578)
Charles d'Albert, 1st Duke of Luynes was a French courtier and a favourite of Louis XIII. In 1619, the king made him Duke of Luynes and a Peer of France, and in 1621, Constable of France. Luynes died of scarlet fever near the end of that year at the height of his influence.
15/12/1598
Philips of Marnix, Lord of Saint-Aldegonde, Dutch nobleman (born 1540)
Philips of Marnix, Lord of Saint-Aldegonde, Lord of West-Souburg was a Flemish and Dutch writer and statesman, and the probable author of the text of the Dutch national anthem, the Wilhelmus.
15/12/1574
Selim II, Ottoman sultan (born 1524)
Selim II, also known as Selim the Blond or Selim the Drunkard, was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1566 until his death in 1574. He was a son of Suleiman the Magnificent and his wife Hürrem Sultan.
15/12/1467
Jöns Bengtsson Oxenstierna, archbishop and regent of Sweden (born 1417)
Jöns Bengtsson (Oxenstierna), in Latin known as Johannes Benedicti de Salista, was a Swedish clergyman, canon law scholar and statesman who served as Archbishop of Uppsala (1448–1467). He was also the regent of Sweden under the Kalmar Union in 1457, shared with Erik Axelsson (Tott), and alone from 1465 to 1466.
15/12/1343
Hasan Kucek, Chopanid prince (born c. 1319)
Hasan Kuchak or Ḥasan-i Kūchik was a Chupanid prince during the 14th century. He is credited with setting up a nearly independent Chupanid state in Iran during the struggles taking place in the aftermath of the Ilkhanate. He effectively became kingmaker like his namesake Hasan Buzurg.
15/12/1283
Philip I, Latin emperor (born 1243)
Philip I, also Philip of Courtenay, held the title of Latin Emperor of Constantinople from 1273–1283, although Constantinople had been reinstated since 1261 to the Byzantine Empire; he lived in exile and only held authority over Crusader States in Greece. He was born in Constantinople, the son of Baldwin II of Constantinople and Marie of Brienne.
15/12/1230
Ottokar I, duke of Bohemia (born 1155)
Ottokar I was Duke of Bohemia periodically beginning in 1192, then acquired the title of King of Bohemia, first in 1198 from Philip of Swabia, later in 1203 from Otto IV of Brunswick and in 1212 from Frederick II. Ottokar was the first hereditary King of Bohemia; although two previous Bohemian monarchs had held the title of King, in each case the title was awarded only for the life of the recipient. He was an eminent member of the Přemyslid dynasty.
15/12/1161
Wanyan Liang, Chinese emperor (born 1122)
Digunai, also known by his sinicised name Wanyan Liang and his formal title Prince of Hailing, was the fourth emperor of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty of China. He was the second son of Wanyan Zonggan, the eldest son of the dynastic founder Wanyan Aguda. He came to power in 1150 after overthrowing and murdering his predecessor, Emperor Xizong, in a coup d'état. During his reign, he moved the Jin capital from Shangjing to Yanjing, and introduced a policy of sinicisation. In 1161, after the Jin dynasty lost the Battle of Caishi against the Southern Song dynasty, Digunai's subordinates rebelled against him and assassinated him. After his death, even though he ruled as an emperor during his lifetime, he was posthumously demoted to the status of a prince – "Prince Yang of Hailing" (海陵煬王) – in 1162 by his successor, Emperor Shizong. However, in 1181, Emperor Shizong further posthumously demoted him to the status of a commoner, hence he is also known as the "Commoner of Hailing" (海陵庶人).
15/12/1072
Alp Arslan, Turkish sultan (born 1029)
Alp Arslan was the second sultan of the Seljuk Empire and great-grandson of Seljuk, the eponymous founder of the dynasty and the empire. He reigned from 1063 until his assassination in 1072.
15/12/1025
Basil II, Byzantine emperor (born 958)
Basil II Porphyrogenitus, given the epithet the Bulgar Slayer, was the senior Byzantine emperor from 976 to 1025. He and his brother Constantine VIII were crowned before their father Romanos II died in 963, but they were too young to rule. The throne thus went to two generals, Nikephoros Phokas and John Tzimiskes before Basil became senior emperor, though his influential great-uncle Basil Lekapenos remained as the de facto ruler until 985. His reign of 49 years and 11 months was the longest of any Roman emperor.
15/12/0933
Li Siyuan, Chinese emperor (born 867)
Li Siyuan, also known by his temple name as the Emperor Mingzong of Later Tang (後唐明宗), was the second emperor of the Later Tang dynasty of China, reigning from 926 until his death. He was an ethnic Shatuo originally named, in the Shatuo language, Miaojilie (邈佶烈).
Celebrations & Special Days Worldwide on 15th December
Bill of Rights Day (United States) 2nd Amendment Day (South Carolina)
2nd Amendment Day is a public awareness day observed in Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, and South Carolina in the United States. Its purpose is to promote the view that the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution grants absolute rights to for adult-age Americans to own any type of firearms. The Second Amendment, along with the nine others ratified on December 15, 1791, comprise the Constitution's Bill of Rights.
Christian feast day: Drina Martyrs
The Blessed Martyrs of Drina are the professed Sisters of the Congregation of the Daughters of Divine Charity, who died during World War II. Four were killed when they jumped out of a window in Goražde on 15 December 1941, reportedly to avoid being raped by Chetniks, and the last was killed by the Chetniks in Sjetlina the following week. The five nuns were later declared martyrs and beatified by Pope Benedict XVI on 24 September 2011.
Christian feast day: Drostan (Aberdeen Breviary)
Saint Drostan, also known as Drustan, was the founder and abbot of the monastery of Old Deer in Aberdeenshire. His relics were later translated to the church at New Aberdour and his holy well lies nearby.
Christian feast day: John Horden and Robert McDonald (Episcopal Church (USA))
John Horden was the first Anglican Bishop of Moosonee, Canada, who for more than forty years led services in Cree, Inuit and other languages of his parishioners.
Christian feast day: Maria Crocifissa di Rosa
Maria Crocifissa Di Rosa - born as Paola Francesca Di Rosa - was an Italian Roman Catholic professed religious and the founder of the Ancelle della carità (1839). Di Rosa worked first at her father's spinning mill where she - with his encouragement - tended to the spiritual and material needs of the female workers while gathering several women to dedicate their collective efforts to caring for the poor; this formed the basis for the establishment of her religious congregation. Her apostolate prioritized tending to the ill in hospitals and to soldiers going to the front.
Christian feast day: Mesmin
Mesmin is a French saint associated with the Bishopric of Orléans. He was the second abbot of Micy Abbey, founded by his uncle, Euspicius.
Christian feast day: Valerian of Abbenza
Valerian (377–457) was bishop of Abbenza in North Africa, probably Dioecesis Zabensis.(it) He was martyred in 457 when he refused to surrender the sacred vessels of his church to the Vandals led by Arian king Geiseric, who outlawed him, notwithstanding his great age, eighty years. Valerian was driven out of the city and left to die of exposure. His feast day is celebrated on December 15.
Christian feast day: Virginia Centurione Bracelli
Virginia Centurione Bracelli was an Italian noblewoman from Genoa. Her father was the Doge of Genoa, and she had a short marriage due to being widowed in 1607. She is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church.
Christian feast day: December 15 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
December 14 – Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar – December 16
Homecoming Day (Alderney)
The military occupation of the Channel Islands by Nazi Germany lasted for most of the Second World War, from 30 June 1940 until liberation on 9 May 1945. The Bailiwick of Jersey and Bailiwick of Guernsey are British Crown dependencies in the English Channel, near the coast of Normandy. The Channel Islands were the only de jure part of the British Empire in Europe to be occupied by Nazi Germany during the war. Germany's allies Italy and Japan also occupied British territories in Africa and Asia, respectively.
Kingdom Day (Netherlands), moves to December 16 if the 15th is on a Sunday
Koninkrijksdag is the commemoration of the signing of the Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands on 15 December 1954 in Aruba, Curaçao, the Netherlands, and Sint Maarten. When 15 December falls on a Sunday, the commemoration takes place on Monday 16 December. Kingdom Day is, unlike Koningsdag, not an official national holiday, but government buildings are instructed to fly the flag of the Netherlands.
Zamenhof Day (International Esperanto Community)
Zamenhof Day, also called Esperanto Book Day, is celebrated on 15 December, the birthday of Esperanto creator L. L. Zamenhof. It is the most widely celebrated day in Esperanto culture. On this day, Esperantists hold information sessions and cultural gatherings to promote literature in Esperanto.
World Turkic Language Family Day (UNESCO)
World Turkic Language Family Day is an international day observed annually on 15 December. It was proclaimed in 2025 by the General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) to promote linguistic and cultural diversity and to support the preservation and development of oral traditions and expressions.
What Happened on 15th December?
53 significant events took place on Friday, 15th December — stretching from 533 to 2017. Explore the moments that shaped history on this day.
15/12/2017
A 6.5Mwearthquake strikes the Indonesian island of Java in the city of Tasikmalaya, resulting in four deaths.
The 2017 Java earthquake occurred on 15 December 2017 when a moment magnitude 6.5 earthquake struck the Indonesian island of Java, specifically the city of Tasikmalaya on 23:47:58 West Indonesian Time in West Java, Indonesia. The earthquake struck at a depth of 91 km and was categorized as a strong but deep earthquake. It was initially registered as a 7.3 magnitude earthquake by Indonesian agencies. Widespread damage was reported across Tasikmalaya, the nearest major city to the epicentre. A tsunami warning was immediately issued by the authorities but was subsequently cancelled. Four people have been confirmed dead.
15/12/2014
Gunman Man Haron Monis takes 18 hostages inside a café in Martin Place for 16 hours in Sydney. Monis and two hostages are killed when police raid the café the following morning.
Man Haron Monis was an Iranian-born refugee and Australian citizen who took hostages in a siege at the Lindt Chocolate Café at Martin Place, Sydney on 15 December 2014, lasting for 16 hours, until the early hours of the following morning. The siege resulted in the death of Monis and two hostages.
15/12/2013
The South Sudanese Civil War begins when opposition leaders Dr. Riek Machar, Pagan Amum and Rebecca Nyandeng vote to boycott the meeting of the National Liberation Council at Nyakuron.
The South Sudanese Civil War was a multi-sided civil war in South Sudan fought from 2013 to 2018 between government and opposition forces. The civil war caused rampant human rights abuses, including forced displacement, ethnic massacres, and killings of journalists by various parties. Since the war's end, South Sudan has been governed by a coalition formed by leaders of the former warring factions, Salva Kiir Mayardit and Riek Machar. The country continues to recover from the war while experiencing ongoing and systemic ethnic violence.
15/12/2010
A boat carrying 90 asylum seekers crashes into rocks off the coast of Christmas Island, Australia, killing 48 people.
A refugee, according to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), is a person "forced to flee their own country and seek safety in another country. They are unable to return to their own country because of feared persecution as a result of who they are, what they believe in or say, or because of armed conflict, violence or serious public disorder." Such a person may be called an asylum seeker until granted refugee status by a contracting state or by the UNHCR if they formally make a claim for asylum.
15/12/2005
Introduction of the Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor into USAF active service.
The Lockheed Martin–Boeing F-22 Raptor is an American twin-engine, jet-powered, all-weather, supersonic stealth fighter aircraft. As a product of the United States Air Force's Advanced Tactical Fighter (ATF) program, the aircraft was designed as an air superiority fighter, but also incorporates ground attack, electronic warfare, and signals intelligence capabilities. The prime contractor, Lockheed Martin, built most of the F-22 airframe and weapons systems and conducted final assembly, while program partner Boeing provided the wings, aft fuselage, avionics integration, and training systems.
15/12/2001
The Leaning Tower of Pisa reopens after 11 years and $27,000,000 spent to stabilize it, without fixing its famous lean.
The Leaning Tower of Pisa, or simply the Tower of Pisa, is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of Pisa Cathedral. It is known for its nearly four-degree lean, the result of an unstable foundation. The tower is one of three structures in Pisa's Cathedral Square, which includes the cathedral and Pisa Baptistry. Over time, the flawed tower has become one of the most visited tourist attractions in the world as well as an architectural icon of Italy, receiving over 5 million visitors each year.
15/12/2000
The third reactor at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant is shut down.
The Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (ChNPP) is a nuclear power plant undergoing decommissioning. ChNPP is located near the abandoned city of Pripyat in northern Ukraine, 16.5 kilometres (10 mi) northwest of the city of Chernobyl, 16 kilometres (10 mi) from the Belarus–Ukraine border, and about 100 kilometres (62 mi) north of Kyiv. The plant was cooled by an engineered pond, fed by the Pripyat River about 5 kilometres (3 mi) northwest from its juncture with the Dnieper River. The RBMK type graphite-moderated reactor used in this plant is considered an unusual design. It prioritizes cost efficiency over safety compared to other reactor designs, such as the VVER pressurized water reactor.
15/12/1997
Tajikistan Airlines Flight 3183 crashes in the desert near Sharjah, United Arab Emirates, killing 85.
Tajikistan Airlines Flight 3183 was a Tupolev Tu-154B-1 that crashed on 15 December 1997 on approach to Sharjah Airport in the United Arab Emirates. There was a sole survivor, the navigator, from a crew of seven and seventy-nine passengers. Investigators determined the cause of the accident was pilot error leading to controlled flight into terrain.
15/12/1993
The Troubles: The Downing Street Declaration is issued by British Prime Minister John Major and Irish Taoiseach Albert Reynolds.
The Troubles were an ethno-nationalist conflict in Northern Ireland that lasted for about 30 years from the late 1960s to 1998. Also known internationally as the Northern Ireland conflict, it began in the late 1960s and is usually deemed to have ended with the Good Friday Agreement of 1998. Although the Troubles mostly took place in Northern Ireland, at times violence spilled over into parts of the Republic of Ireland, England, and mainland Europe.
15/12/1989
Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights relating the abolition of capital punishment is adopted.
The Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty, is a subsidiary agreement to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. It was created on 15 December 1989 and entered into force on 11 July 1991. As of December 2024, the Optional Protocol has 92 state parties. The most recent country to ratify was Zambia, on 19 December 2024.
15/12/1981
A suicide car bombing targeting the Iraqi embassy in Beirut, Lebanon, levels the embassy and kills 61 people, including Iraq's ambassador to Lebanon. The attack is considered the first modern suicide bombing.
On December 15, 1981, the Iraqi Shi'a Islamist group al-Dawa carried out a suicide car bombing targeting the Iraqi embassy in Beirut, Lebanon. The explosion leveled the embassy and killed 61 people, including Iraq's ambassador to Lebanon, and injured at least 100 others.
15/12/1978
U.S. President Jimmy Carter announces that the United States will recognize the People's Republic of China and sever diplomatic relations with the Republic of China (Taiwan).
James Earl Carter Jr. was an American politician and humanitarian who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981. A member of the Democratic Party, Carter served as the 76th governor of Georgia from 1971 to 1975 and in the Georgia State Senate from 1963 to 1967. He lived longer than any other president in US history, reaching age 100.
15/12/1973
John Paul Getty III, grandson of American billionaire J. Paul Getty, is found alive near Naples, Italy, after being kidnapped by an Italian gang on July 10.
John Paul Getty III was the grandson of the American-born British oil tycoon J. Paul Getty, who was once the richest man in the world. While living in Rome in 1973, he was kidnapped by the 'Ndrangheta, an Italian criminal organization based in Calabria, and held for a $17 million ransom. His grandfather initially refused to pay, but, after John Paul Getty III's severed ear was received by a newspaper, his grandfather relented to a new, lower demand, and Getty was released five months after being kidnapped. Getty subsequently developed an addiction to alcohol and other drugs, leading to an overdose and stroke in 1981 at the age of 25, which left him severely disabled for the rest of his life.
The American Psychiatric Association votes 13–0 to remove homosexuality from its official list of psychiatric disorders, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
The American Psychiatric Association (APA) is the main professional organization of psychiatrists and trainee psychiatrists in the United States, and the largest psychiatric organization in the world. It has more than 39,200 members who are involved in psychiatric practice, research, and academia representing a diverse population of patients in more than 100 countries. The association publishes various journals and pamphlets, as well as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The DSM codifies psychiatric conditions and is used mostly in the United States as a guide for diagnosing mental disorders.
15/12/1970
Soviet spacecraft Venera 7 successfully lands on Venus. It is the first successful soft landing on another planet.
Venera 7 was a Soviet spacecraft, part of the Venera series of probes to Venus. When it landed on the Venusian surface on 15 December 1970, it became the first spacecraft to execute a successful soft landing on another planet and the first to transmit data from there back to Earth.
15/12/1967
The Silver Bridge collapses, killing 46 people.
The Silver Bridge was an eyebar-chain suspension bridge built in 1928 that carried U.S. Route 35 over the Ohio River, connecting Point Pleasant, West Virginia, and Gallipolis, Ohio. Officially named the Point Pleasant Bridge, it was popularly known as the Silver Bridge for the color of its aluminum paint.
15/12/1965
Project Gemini: Gemini 6A, crewed by Wally Schirra and Thomas Stafford, is launched from Cape Kennedy, Florida. Four orbits later, it achieves the first space rendezvous, with Gemini 7.
Project Gemini was the second United States human spaceflight program to fly. It was conducted after the first American crewed space program, Project Mercury, while the Apollo program was still in early development. Gemini was conceived in 1961 and concluded in 1966. The Gemini spacecraft carried a two-astronaut crew. Ten Gemini crews and 16 individual astronauts flew low Earth orbit (LEO) missions during 1965 and 1966.
15/12/1961
Eichmann trial: Adolf Eichmann is sentenced to death after being found guilty by an Israeli court of 15 criminal charges, including charges of crimes against humanity, crimes against the Jewish people, and membership of an outlawed organization.
The Eichmann trial was the 1961 trial of major Holocaust perpetrator Adolf Eichmann, who was captured in Argentina by Israeli agents and taken to Israel to stand trial. Eichmann was a senior Nazi party member and served at the rank of Obersturmbannführer in the SS, and was primarily responsible for the implementation of the Final Solution. He was responsible for shipping Jews and other people from across Europe to the concentration camps, including managing the shipments to Hungary directly, where 564,000 Jews died. After the end of World War II, he fled to Argentina, living under a pseudonym until his capture in 1960 by Mossad.
15/12/1960
Richard Pavlick is arrested for plotting to assassinate U.S. President-Elect John F. Kennedy.
Richard Paul Pavlick was an American postal worker from New Hampshire who stalked U.S. Senator and U.S. president-elect John F. Kennedy, with the intent of assassinating him. On December 11, 1960, in Palm Beach, Florida, Pavlick positioned himself to carry out the assassination by blowing up Kennedy and himself with dynamite, but delayed the attempt because Kennedy was with his wife Jacqueline and their two young children. He was arrested before he was able to stage another attempt.
King Mahendra of Nepal suspends the country's constitution, dissolves parliament, dismisses the cabinet, and imposes direct rule.
Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev, was the King of Nepal from 13 March 1955 until his death in 1972. He led the 1960 royal coup, in which he dismissed the government, jailed other political leaders, suspended the constitution, banned political parties, and established an Panchayat rule.
15/12/1945
Occupation of Japan/Shinto Directive: General Douglas MacArthur orders that Shinto be abolished as the state religion of Japan.
Japan was occupied and administered by the Allies of World War II from the surrender of the Empire of Japan on September 2, 1945, at the war's end until the Treaty of San Francisco took effect on April 28, 1952. The occupation, led by the American military with support from the British Commonwealth and under the supervision of the Far Eastern Commission, involved a total of nearly one million Allied soldiers. The occupation was overseen by the US General Douglas MacArthur, who was appointed Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers by the US president Harry S. Truman; MacArthur was succeeded as supreme commander by General Matthew Ridgway in 1951. Unlike in the occupations of Germany and Austria, the Soviet Union had little to no influence in Japan, declining to participate because it did not want to place Soviet troops under MacArthur's direct command.
15/12/1944
World War II: a single-engine UC-64A Norseman aeroplane carrying United States Army Air Forces Major Glenn Miller is lost in a flight over the English Channel.
The Noorduyn Norseman, also known as the C-64 Norseman, is a Canadian single-engine bush plane designed to operate from unimproved surfaces. Distinctive stubby landing gear protrusions from the lower fuselage make it easily recognizable.
15/12/1943
World War II: The Battle of Arawe begins during the New Britain campaign.
The Battle of Arawe was fought between Allied and Japanese forces during the New Britain campaign of World War II. The battle formed part of the Allied Operation Cartwheel and was a diversion before a larger landing at Cape Gloucester in late December 1943. The Japanese military was expecting an Allied offensive in western New Britain and was reinforcing the region at the time of the Allied landing in the Arawe area on 15 December 1943. The Allies secured Arawe after about a month of intermittent fighting with the outnumbered Japanese force.
15/12/1942
World War II: The Battle of Mount Austen, the Galloping Horse, and the Sea Horse begins during the Guadalcanal campaign.
World War II, or the Second World War, was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies and the Axis powers. Nearly all of the world's countries participated. Tanks and aircraft played major roles, the latter enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the only nuclear weapons used in war. World War II was the deadliest conflict in history, causing the death of 60 to 75 million people. Millions died as a result of massacres, starvation, disease, and genocides, including the Holocaust. After the Allied victory, Germany, Austria, Japan, and Korea were occupied, and German and Japanese leaders were tried for war crimes.
15/12/1941
The Holocaust in Ukraine: German troops murder over 15,000 Jews at Drobytsky Yar, a ravine southeast of the city of Kharkiv.
The Holocaust saw the systematic mass murder of Jews in the Reichskommissariat Ukraine, the General Government, the Crimean General Government and some areas which were located to the east of Reichskommissariat Ukraine, in the Transnistria Governorate and Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina and the Hertsa region and Carpathian Ruthenia during World War II. The listed areas are currently parts of Ukraine.
15/12/1939
Gone with the Wind (highest inflation adjusted grossing film) receives its premiere at Loew's Grand Theatre in Atlanta, Georgia, United States.
Gone with the Wind is a 1939 American epic historical romance film adapted from the 1936 novel by Margaret Mitchell. It was produced by David O. Selznick of Selznick International Pictures and directed by Victor Fleming. Set in the American South during the Civil War and Reconstruction, the film tells the story of Scarlett O'Hara, the strong-willed daughter of a Georgia plantation owner, following her romantic pursuit of Ashley Wilkes, who is married to his cousin Melanie Hamilton, and her subsequent marriage to Rhett Butler.
15/12/1933
Anarchist insurrection suppressed in Zaragoza, Spain.
The anarchist insurrection of December 1933 was an attempted revolution by Spanish anarchists, in response to the victory of the right-wing in the 1933 Spanish general election. It was the third of a series of anarchist insurrections in Spain, following those in January 1932 and January 1933.
15/12/1917
World War I: An armistice between Russia and the Central Powers is signed.
On 15 December [O.S. 2 December] 1917, an armistice was signed between the Russian Republic led by the Bolsheviks on the one side, and the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Kingdom of Bulgaria, the German Empire and the Ottoman Empire—the Central Powers—on the other. The armistice took effect two days later, on 17 December [O.S. 4 December]. By this agreement, Russia de facto exited World War I, although fighting would briefly resume before the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed on 3 March 1918, and Russia made peace.
15/12/1914
World War I: The Serbian Army recaptures Belgrade from the invading Austro-Hungarian Army.
World War I, or the First World War, also known as the Great War, was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies and the Central Powers. Major areas of conflict included Europe and the Middle East, as well as parts of Africa and the Asia-Pacific. The war saw important developments in weaponry including tanks, aircraft, artillery, machine guns, and chemical weapons. One of the deadliest conflicts in history, it resulted in an estimated 15 to 22 million military and civilian casualties and genocide. The movement of large numbers of people was a major factor in the deadly Spanish flu pandemic.
A gas explosion at Mitsubishi Hōjō coal mine, in Kyushu, Japan, kills 687.
The Mitsubishi Hōjō mine disaster occurred December 15, 1914, in Kyushu, Japan. A gas explosion at the Hōjō (Hojyo) coal mine killed 687. It is the worst mining accident in Japanese history.
15/12/1906
The London Underground's Great Northern, Piccadilly and Brompton Railway opens.
The London Underground is a rapid transit system serving Greater London and some parts of the adjacent home counties of Buckinghamshire, Essex, and Hertfordshire in England. It is part of the network of transport services managed by Transport for London.
15/12/1905
The Pushkin House is established in Saint Petersburg, Russia, to preserve the cultural heritage of Alexander Pushkin.
The Pushkin House, formally the Institute of Russian Literature, is a research institute in St. Petersburg. It is part of a network of institutions affiliated with the Russian Academy of Sciences.
15/12/1903
Italian American food cart vendor Italo Marchiony receives a U.S. patent for inventing a machine that makes ice cream cones.
Italian Americans are Americans who have full or partial Italian ancestry. The largest concentrations of Italian Americans are in the urban Northeast and industrial Midwestern metropolitan areas, with significant communities also residing in many other major U.S. metropolitan areas.
15/12/1899
British Army forces are defeated at the Battle of Colenso in Natal, South Africa, the third and final battle fought during the Black Week of the Second Boer War.
The British Army is the land warfare force of the United Kingdom responsible for defending the UK, the British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies. The British Army, founded in 1707, has seen involvement in most of the world's major wars throughout history, including both world wars. As of 1 January 2026, the British Army comprises 73,790 regular full-time personnel, 4,190 Gurkhas, 25,770 volunteer reserve personnel and 4,870 "other personnel", for a total of 108,620.
15/12/1893
Symphony No. 9 ("From the New World" a.k.a. the "New World Symphony") by Antonín Dvořák premieres in a public afternoon rehearsal at Carnegie Hall in New York City, followed by a concert premiere on the evening of December 16.
The Symphony No. 9 in E minor, "From the New World", Op. 95, B. 178, also known as the New World Symphony, was composed by Antonín Dvořák in 1893 while he was the director of the National Conservatory of Music of America from 1892 to 1895. It premiered in New York City on 16 December 1893. It is one of the most popular of all symphonies. In older literature and recordings, this symphony was – as for its first publication – numbered as Symphony No. 5.
15/12/1890
Hunkpapa Lakota leader Sitting Bull is killed on Standing Rock Indian Reservation, leading to the Wounded Knee Massacre.
The Hunkpapa are a Native American group, one of the seven council fires of the Lakota tribe. The name Húŋkpapȟa is a Lakota word, meaning 'Head of the Circle'. By tradition, the Húŋkpapȟa set up their lodges at the entryway to the circle of the Great Council when the Sioux met in convocation. They speak Lakȟóta, one of the three dialects of the Sioux language.
15/12/1871
Sixteen-year-old telegraphist Ella Stewart keys and sends the first telegraphed message from Arizona Territory at the Deseret Telegraph Company office in Pipe Spring.
A telegraphist, telegrapher, or telegraph operator is a person who uses a telegraph key to send and receive Morse code messages in a telegraphy system. These messages, also called telegrams, can be transmitted electronically by land lines, or wirelessly by radio.
15/12/1869
The short-lived Republic of Ezo is proclaimed in the Ezo area of Japan. It is the first attempt to establish a democracy in Japan.
The Republic of Ezo was a short-lived separatist state established in 1869 on the island of Ezo, now Hokkaido, by a part of the former military of the Tokugawa shogunate at the end of the Bakumatsu period in Japan. It was the first government to attempt to institute democracy in Japan, though voting was allowed only to the samurai caste. The Republic of Ezo existed for five months before being annexed by the newly established Empire of Japan.
15/12/1864
American Civil War: The Battle of Nashville begins at Nashville, Tennessee, and ends the following day with the destruction of the Confederate Army of Tennessee under General John Bell Hood as a fighting force by the Union Army of the Cumberland under General George H. Thomas.
The Battle of Nashville was a two-day battle in the Franklin–Nashville campaign that represented the end of large-scale fighting west of the coastal states in the American Civil War. It was fought at Nashville, Tennessee, on December 15–16, 1864, between the Confederate Army of Tennessee under Lieutenant General John Bell Hood and the Union Army of the Cumberland (AoC) under Major General George H. Thomas. In one of the largest victories achieved by the Union army during the war, Thomas attacked and routed Hood's army, largely destroying it as an effective fighting force.
15/12/1862
American Civil War: The Battle of Fredericksburg ends in a Union defeat as General Ambrose Burnside withdraws the Army of the Potomac across the Rappahannock River.
The American Civil War was a civil war in the United States between the Union and the Confederacy, which was formed in 1861 by states that had seceded from the Union to preserve slavery in the United States. The South saw slavery as threatened because of the election of Abraham Lincoln and the growing abolitionist movement in the North. The war ended with Union victory, the dissolution of the Confederacy and the abolition of slavery, freeing four million African Americans.
15/12/1836
The U.S. Patent Office building in Washington, D.C., nearly burns to the ground, destroying all 9,957 patents issued by the federal government to that date, as well as 7,000 related patent models.
The Old Patent Office Building is a historic building in Washington, D.C. that covers an entire city block between F and G Streets and 7th and 9th Streets NW in the Penn Quarter section of Chinatown. Built 1836–1867 in the Greek Revival style, the building first served as one of the earliest U.S. Patent Office buildings.
15/12/1791
The United States Bill of Rights becomes law when ratified by the Virginia General Assembly.
The United States Bill of Rights comprises the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. It was proposed following the often bitter 1787–88 debate over the ratification of the Constitution and written to address the objections raised by Anti-Federalists. The amendments of the Bill of Rights add to the Constitution specific guarantees of personal freedoms, such as freedom of speech, the right to publish, practice religion, possess firearms, to assemble, and other natural and legal rights. Its clear limitations on the government's power in judicial and other proceedings include explicit declarations that all powers not specifically granted to the federal government by the Constitution are reserved to the states or the people. The concepts codified in these amendments are built upon those in earlier documents, especially the Virginia Declaration of Rights (1776), as well as the Northwest Ordinance (1787), the English Bill of Rights (1689), and Magna Carta (1215).
15/12/1778
American Revolutionary War: British and French fleets clash in the Battle of St. Lucia.
The American Revolutionary War, also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence or simply the American Revolution, was the armed conflict that comprised the final eight years of the broader American Revolution, in which American Patriot forces organized as the Continental Army and commanded by George Washington defeated the British Army. The conflict was fought in North America, the Caribbean, and the Atlantic Ocean. The war's outcome seemed uncertain for most of the war, but Washington and the Continental Army's decisive victory in the Siege of Yorktown in 1781 led King George III and the Kingdom of Great Britain to negotiate an end to the war. In 1783, in the Treaty of Paris, the British monarchy acknowledged the independence of the Thirteen Colonies, leading to the establishment of the United States as an independent and sovereign nation.
15/12/1651
Castle Cornet in Guernsey, the last stronghold which had supported the King in the Third English Civil War, surrenders.
Castle Cornet is a large island castle in Guernsey, and former tidal island, also known as Cornet Rock or Castle Rock. Its importance was as a defence not only of the island, but of the roadstead. In 1859, it became part of one of the breakwaters of Guernsey's main harbour, St Peter Port harbour.
15/12/1546
The town of Ekenäs (Finnish: Tammisaari) is founded by King Gustav Vasa of Sweden.
Ekenäs is a town and former municipality in Finland that comprised the former municipalities of Snappertuna and Tenala together with the town of Ekenäs. It was merged with Pohja and Karis to form the new municipality of Raseborg on 1 January 2009. Ekenäs is in the province of Southern Finland, and is part of the Uusimaa region. The town had a population of 14,754 and covered a land area of 726.73 square kilometres (280.59 sq mi). The population density was 20.30 inhabitants per square kilometre (52.6/sq mi). The town is bilingual, with the majority being Swedish speakers (81%), and the minority Finnish speakers (17%).
15/12/1467
Stephen III of Moldavia defeats Matthias Corvinus of Hungary, with the latter being injured thrice, at the Battle of Baia.
Stephen III, better known as Stephen the Great, was Voivode of Moldavia from 1457 until his death. He was one of the most prominent rulers of late medieval Eastern Europe, noted for his long reign, military leadership and astute diplomacy. His efforts to preserve Moldavian autonomy from more powerful neighboring states such as the Ottoman Empire, Poland and Hungary, as well as his aptitude for nation-building and repute as a protector of the Christian faith, made him into a national hero in both Romania and Moldova. He is canonised by the Romanian Orthodox Church.
15/12/1270
The Nizari Ismaili garrison of Gerdkuh, Persia surrender after 17 years to the Mongols.
The Nizari Ismaili state or the Alamut state was a Nizari Isma'ili Shia state founded by Hassan-i Sabbah after he took control of the Alamut Castle in 1090 AD, which marked the beginning of an era of Ismailism known as the "Alamut period". Their people were also known as the Assassins or Hashashins.
15/12/1256
Mongol forces under Hulagu enter and dismantle the Nizari Ismaili (Assassin) stronghold at Alamut Castle (in present-day Iran) as part of their offensive on Islamic southwest Asia.
The Mongols are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia and China, as well as the republics of Buryatia and Kalmykia in Russia. The Mongols are the principal member of the large family of Mongolic peoples. The Oirats and the Buryats are classified either as distinct ethno-linguistic groups or as subgroups of Mongols.
15/12/1167
Sicilian Chancellor Stephen du Perche moves the royal court to Messina to prevent a rebellion.
The Kingdom of Sicily was a state that existed in Sicily and the southern Italian Peninsula as well as, for a time, in Northern Africa, from its founding by Roger II of Sicily in 1130 until 1816. It was a successor state of the County of Sicily, which had been founded in 1071 during the Norman conquest of the southern peninsula. The island was divided into three regions: Val di Mazara, Val Demone and Val di Noto.
15/12/1161
Jin–Song wars: Military officers conspire against the emperor Wanyan Liang of the Jin dynasty after a military defeat at the Battle of Caishi, and assassinate the emperor at his camp.
The Jin–Song Wars were a series of conflicts between the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty (1115–1234) and the Han-led Song dynasty (960–1279). In 1115, Jurchen tribes rebelled against their overlords, the Khitan-led Liao dynasty (916–1125), and declared the formation of the Jin. Allying with the Song against their common enemy the Liao dynasty, the Jin promised to cede to the Song the Sixteen Prefectures that had fallen under Liao control since 938. The Song agreed but the Jin's quick defeat of the Liao combined with Song military failures made the Jin reluctant to cede territory. After a series of negotiations that embittered both sides, the Jurchens attacked the Song in 1125, dispatching one army to Taiyuan and the other to Bianjing, the Song capital.
15/12/1025
Constantine VIII becomes sole emperor of the Byzantine Empire, 63 years after being crowned co-emperor.
Constantine VIII was de jure Byzantine emperor from 962 until his death. He was the younger son of Emperor Romanos II and Empress Theophano. He was nominal co-emperor from 962, successively with his father; stepfather, Nikephoros II Phokas; uncle, John I Tzimiskes; and brother, Basil II. Basil's death in 1025 left Constantine as the sole emperor. He occupied the throne for 66 years in total, making him de jure the longest-reigning amongst all Roman emperors since Augustus.
15/12/0687
Pope Sergius I is elected as a compromise between antipopes Paschal and Theodore.
Pope Sergius I was the bishop of Rome from 15 December 687 to his death on 8 September 701, and is revered as a saint by the Roman Catholic Church. He was elected at a time when two rivals, Paschal and Theodore, were locked in a dispute about which of them should become pope. His papacy was dominated by his response to the Quinisext Council, the canons of which he steadfastly refused to accept. Thereupon Emperor Justinian II ordered Sergius' arrest, but the Roman people and the Italian militia of the exarch of Ravenna refused to allow the exarch to bring Sergius to Constantinople.
15/12/0533
Vandalic War: Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of Tricamarum.
The Vandalic War (533–534) was a conflict fought in North Africa between the forces of the Byzantine Empire and the Germanic Vandal Kingdom. It was the first war of Emperor Justinian I's Renovatio imperii Romanorum, wherein the Byzantines attempted to reassert Roman sovereignty over territory formerly controlled by the Western Roman Empire.