Friday, 19th December 2025 in Lisbon
Welcome to your daily snapshot of Lissabon! It's World Human Solidarity Day. Explore 51 historical events, birthdays, deaths, and milestones that shaped this day in Lissabon. From remarkable moments in local and world history to the people who left their mark — find out what makes today special. Today's weather in Lissabon brings heavy rain expected with temperatures between 10°C and 14°C. Tonight's moon is in its waxing gibbous phase, and the zodiac sign of the day is Sagittarius. If you're curious about the history of a day — this page brings together everything worth knowing about this Friday, 19th December in Lissabon, PT.

Lisbon, Portugal's capital city, sits on the eastern bank of the Tagus estuary and is known for its distinctive hillside architecture and maritime heritage. Friday, 19 December 2025 will bring heavy rain to the city, typical of the region's winter weather patterns. The sun remains in Sagittarius, the ninth sign of the zodiac, which influences the astrological calendar until 21 December. The moon is in its waxing gibbous phase, approximately 13 days into its lunar cycle and approaching full illumination.
On this day
On 19 December 2013, the European Space Agency's Gaia spacecraft launched with an ambitious mission to construct the largest and most precise star catalogue ever created. The mission has since revolutionised astronomical research by mapping the positions and motions of nearly two billion stars within our galaxy, providing data that has fundamentally transformed our understanding of the Milky Way's structure and evolution.
The date also marks the arrest of British physician John Bodkin Adams in 1956, a pivotal moment in British criminal history. Adams, a suspected serial killer, was apprehended in connection with the death of Edith Alice Morrell, leading to one of the most controversial trials of the era and raising serious questions about medical ethics and patient safety that reverberated through the healthcare profession for years.
World Human Solidarity Day
World Human Solidarity Day is observed on 19 December each year to recognise the value of solidarity and the need to reinvigorate commitment to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The date was designated by the United Nations General Assembly in 2005 to commemorate the adoption of the World Summit Outcome in 2005, which reaffirmed global commitment to eradicating poverty and promoting human development. The day emphasises the importance of collective action in addressing global challenges and promoting social cohesion across nations. It has been recognised internationally for nearly two decades as a focal point for solidarity initiatives and advocacy.
DayAtlas provides comprehensive daily information for any date and location worldwide, including current weather conditions, significant historical events, notable births and deaths, and astrological data such as zodiac signs and moon phases.
Find out what's happening today in Lissabon.
What the Weather Had in Store for Lissabon on 19th December 2025
Heat transforms flour into something flour can never become alone.
Fortune of the Day
19th December in the Stars – Star Sign Sagittarius
Personality Profile
Personality Those born on December 19 blend Sagittarius optimism with Martian courage into a dynamic force. Naturally philosophical and truth-seeking, they chase freedom and expansive experiences relentlessly. Mars adds an ambitious edge to their adventurous spirit.
Strengths & Weaknesses Their strengths include courage, independent thinking, and inspiring vision. Impatience and recklessness can undermine them; they may overcommit or speak bluntly without filtering. Self-awareness helps harness their formidable energy.
Love These natives seek intellectually vibrant, adventurous partners who respect autonomy. Passion and shared ideals matter deeply; they thrive in honest, exploratory relationships. Freedom balanced with commitment defines their romantic ideal.
Caree & Finance They excel in purposeful fields—education, law, research, entrepreneurship—where freedom matters. Financial stability grounds them, yet money alone doesn't fulfill their deeper drive for meaning and impact.
Health Regular vigorous activity is essential for mental and physical wellbeing. Preventing burnout through adequate rest and contemplative practice supports their intensity. Balanced nutrition fuels their substantial energy reserves.
That night, the moon was in its waxing gibbous phase.
Chinese year of the Snake (Wood).
Fun Facts About 19th December
Name Days in Your Language: Daria, Darian, Darien, Dario, Darion, Darius, Haysten
Someone born on this day would be just 187 days old today — roughly 4,509 hours, 270,589 minutes, or 16,235,349 seconds spent on Earth so far.
It's the 353. day of the year. In 2025, 19th December falls on a Friday.
There are 12 days still to come.
We’re currently in Week 51 — the year marches on.
Famous Birthdays on 19th December
On this day, 239 notable people were born on 19th December — spanning from 1343 to 1998. From world leaders to artists and scientists, discover who shares this birthday.
19/12/1998
King Princess, American singer-songwriter and musician
Mikaela Mullaney Straus, known professionally as King Princess, is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and actor from Brooklyn, New York. She was signed to Mark Ronson's label Zelig Records, an imprint of Columbia Records. In February 2018, she released her debut single "1950", from her debut extended play (EP) Make My Bed, released later that year. The song was a commercial success, charting in multiple territories, and was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Her second single, "Talia", was certified gold in Australia by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). King Princess released her debut studio album Cheap Queen in 2019 to widespread critical acclaim. She left Zelig Records before the release of her 2025 album Girl Violence, which was released by Section1. She made her acting debut in the 2025 show Nine Perfect Strangers.
19/12/1997
Gabriel Magalhães, Brazilian footballer
Gabriel dos Santos Magalhães, also known mononymously as Gabriel, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as centre-back for Premier League club Arsenal and the Brazil national team. Known for his strength, aggression, tackling, passion and aerial threat, he is regarded as one of the best defenders in the world.
Fikayo Tomori, English footballer
Oluwafikayomi Oluwadamilola "Fikayo" Tomori is a professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Serie A club AC Milan. Born in Canada, he represents the England national team.
19/12/1996
Franck Kessié, Ivorian footballer
Franck Yannick Kessié is an Ivorian professional footballer who plays as a central midfielder for Saudi Pro League club Al-Ahli and the Ivory Coast national team.
19/12/1994
Maudy Ayunda, Indonesian actress and singer-songwriter
Ayunda Faza Maudya, commonly known as Maudy Ayunda is an Indonesian actress, singer-songwriter, entrepreneur, and author.
M'Baye Niang, French footballer
M'Baye Hamady Niang is a professional footballer who plays as a forward for Süper Lig club Gençlerbirliği. Born in France, he represented Senegal at international level.
19/12/1993
Young K, South Korean singer-songwriter
Kang Young-hyun, known professionally as Young K (영케이), is a South Korean musician, singer, songwriter, and rapper. He is best known as the bassist and vocalist of South Korean pop rock band Day6.
Isiah Koech, Kenyan runner
Isiah Kiplangat Koech is a Kenyan long-distance runner who specialises in the 5000 metres.
19/12/1992
Iker Muniain, Spanish footballer
Iker Muniain Goñi is a Spanish former professional footballer who played mainly as a winger but also as a forward.
Raphael Spiegel, Swiss footballer
Raphael Simon Spiegel is a Swiss professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper who currently plays for Oakland Roots in the USL Championship.
19/12/1991
Steven Berghuis, Dutch footballer
Steven Berghuis is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as a winger or attacking midfielder for Eredivisie club Ajax and the Netherlands national team.
Declan Galbraith, English singer-songwriter
Declan John Galbraith is a British singer and songwriter. He became known in 2002 with the release of the single "Tell Me Why", which peaked at number 29 on the UK Singles Chart and helped break the Guinness World Record for the world’s largest simultaneous sing-along. Galbraith later found success in Europe and China, where his music was used in schools to support English language learning. Since 2017, he has released music independently under the stage name Child of Mind.
Josh Huestis, American basketball player
Joshua Sutton Huestis is an American former professional basketball player who played for the Oklahoma City Thunder of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for Stanford University.
Keiynan Lonsdale, Australian actor, singer-songwriter, and dancer
Keiynan Lonsdale is an Australian actor, dancer, and singer-songwriter. He is known for roles such as Oliver Lloyd in the ABC series Dance Academy (2012–2013), Wally West / Kid Flash in the CW series The Flash (2015–2023) and Legends of Tomorrow (2017–2018), and Abraham "Bram" Greenfeld in the film Love, Simon (2018). His other films include The Divergent Series: Insurgent (2015) and The Finest Hours (2016). Lonsdale has also worked as an MTV VJ and released original music recordings, including a studio album in 2020.
Sumire Uesaka, Japanese voice actress and singer
Sumire Uesaka is a Japanese voice actress and singer associated with Voice Kit. She first began her career as a junior talent in 2000, appearing in various commercials. In 2011, she transitioned into voice acting. She won the Best Rookie Actress at the 10th Seiyu Awards. In addition to voice acting, Uesaka began a music career in April 2013 under King Records under the King Amusement Creative label.
19/12/1990
Greg Bretz, American snowboarder
Gregory Bretz is an American professional snowboarder and two-time Olympian. He also won the FIS Snowboard World Cup for halfpipe in 2008 and finished first in the Dew Tour over Shaun White in 2013.
Torrey Craig, American basketball player
Torrey Craig is an American professional basketball player for the Mets de Guaynabo of the Baloncesto Superior Nacional (BSN). He played college basketball for the USC Upstate Spartans, where he was named an honorable mention All-American and Atlantic Sun Conference Player of the Year in 2012.
19/12/1989
Yong Jun-hyung, South Korean singer-songwriter, rapper and producer
Yong Jun-hyung, known mononymously as Junhyung, is a South Korean singer-songwriter, record producer and actor. He rose to fame as a member of South Korean boy band Highlight, formed in 2009. He departed from Highlight in 2019, amidst a controversy where he admitted to having watched a video of singer Jung Joon-young making out with a woman, which was filmed with consent but shared without.
Michał Masłowski, Polish footballer
Michał Adam Masłowski is a Polish former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. On 18 January 2014, he made his debut for the Poland national team in a friendly against Norway.
Kousei Miura, Japanese jockey
Kousei Miura is a Japanese jockey who is affiliated with the Japan Racing Association. He won the 2008 JRA Award for Newcomer Jockey with the Most Victories after winning 91 races in a single year as a rookie jockey, surpassing Yutaka Take's previous record of 69 victories.
Hamza Riazuddin, English cricketer
Hamza Riazuddin is an English former cricketer.
19/12/1988
Alexis Sánchez, Chilean footballer
Alexis Alejandro Sánchez Sánchez, also known mononymously as Alexis, is a Chilean professional footballer who plays as a winger or a striker for La Liga club Sevilla and the Chile national team. He is regarded as one of best forwards of his generation and one of the greatest Chilean players of all time.
Peter Winn, English footballer
Peter Harry Winn is an English former professional footballer. Primarily a winger earlier in his career, he was also deployed at full-back.
19/12/1987
Cédric Baseya, French-Congolese footballer
Cédric Baseya is a former professional footballer who played as a forward. Born in France, he made one appearance for the DR Congo U20 national team.
Karim Benzema, French footballer
Karim Mostafa Benzema is a French professional footballer who plays as a striker for Saudi Pro League club Al-Hilal. Regarded as one of the greatest strikers of all time, Benzema is a creative forward known for his technical skills, vision and versatility on the field. He won 25 trophies with Real Madrid, including four La Liga, three Copa del Rey, and five UEFA Champions League titles. He has scored over 500 career goals for club and country, and is Real Madrid's second-highest goalscorer after Cristiano Ronaldo and third-highest assist provider after Míchel and Paco Gento. In the Champions League, he is both the all-time French top goalscorer (90) and assist provider (29). He is also one of the few players in football history with 1,000 or more official appearances.
Ronan Farrow, American activist, journalist, and lawyer
Satchel Ronan O'Sullivan Farrow is an American journalist and lawyer. He is known for his investigative reporting on sexual abuse allegations against film producer Harvey Weinstein, which was published in The New Yorker magazine. The magazine won the 2018 Pulitzer Prize for Public Service for this reporting, sharing the award with The New York Times. Farrow has worked for UNICEF and as a government advisor.
19/12/1986
Calvin Andrew, English footballer
Calvin Hyden Andrew is an English former professional footballer who played as a striker.
Lauren Boebert, American politician
Lauren Opal Boebert is an American politician, businesswoman, and gun rights activist serving as the U.S. representative for Colorado's 4th congressional district beginning in 2025, having previously represented Colorado's 3rd congressional district from 2021 to 2025. From 2013 to 2022, she owned Shooters Grill, a restaurant in Rifle, Colorado, where staff members were encouraged to carry firearms openly.
Ryan Babel, Dutch footballer
Ryan Guno Babel is a Dutch former professional footballer who played as a forward.
Ingrid Burley, American rapper and songwriter
Ingrid Burley, known professionally as Ingrid, is an American singer, rapper and songwriter. Born and raised in Houston, Texas, Burley's mother was close to Tina Knowles and Mathew Knowles, who signed Burley to his record label, Music World, when she was an upcoming rap artist. She began her career at age 11, as part of Trio, which was managed by Knowles.
Lazaros Christodoulopoulos, Greek footballer
Lazaros Christodoulopoulos, known mononymously as Lazaros due to his long surname, is a Greek former professional footballer who played as a winger.
Zuzana Hejnová, Czech hurdler
Zuzana Hejnová is a Czech retired athlete who specialised in the 400 metres hurdles. She won the silver medal in the event at the 2012 London Olympics. Hejnová is a two-time World Champion, having claimed titles at the 2013 and 2015 World Championships in Athletics. She won bronze at the 2012 European Championships and silver for the 400 metres at the 2017 European Indoor Championships.
Miguel Lopes, Portuguese footballer
Hugo Miguel Almeida Costa Lopes is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays as a right-back for Liga 3 club Amora.
Annie Murphy, Canadian actress
Anne Frances Murphy is a Canadian actress. She rose to prominence for her starring role as Alexis Rose in the sitcom Schitt's Creek (2015–2020), for which she received a Primetime Emmy Award, as well as nominations for a Golden Globe Award and two Critics' Choice Television Awards.
19/12/1985
Andrea Baldini, Italian fencer
Andrea Baldini is an Italian foil fencer, several-time European and World champion and team Olympic champion in 2012. He is the only foil fencer in history to have obtained four golds and the final victory in the World Cup in the same season.
Gary Cahill, English footballer
Gary James Cahill is an English former professional footballer who played as a centre-back.
Neil Kilkenny, English-Australian footballer
Neil Martin Kilkenny is a former professional footballer. A midfielder, he began his career in the youth system at Arsenal, and went on to play league football for Oldham Athletic, Birmingham City, Leeds United, Bristol City, Preston North End, Melbourne City, Perth Glory, Western United, and Sorrento.
Sally Kipyego, Kenyan runner
Sally Jepkosgei Kipyego is a Kenyan-born American long- and middle-distance runner. She was the silver medalist in the 10,000 metres at the 2011 World Championships in Athletics and the silver medalist in the same race at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. She has a personal record of 30:38.35 minutes for that event and her 5000 metres best of 14:30.42 minutes makes her the second fastest Kenyan woman for the distance.
Dan Logan, English bass player
Dan Logan is an English musician. Formerly the bassist of Cat the Dog, he recorded and toured with The Kooks and played double bass for Brighton alt/blues band Sweet Sweet Lies as well as singing and playing all instruments in rock-a-billy side band Logan And The Faithfuls collaborating with various musicians. After a brief spell with The Lyrebirds he was bassist for a reformed The Ordinary Boys, and tech for The Maccabees. Since 2014, Logan has played bass and sung backing vocals for Chrissie Hynde. During COVID-19, he retired from music to work in finance and UK politics.
Lady Sovereign, English rapper
Louise Amanda Harman better known by the stage name Lady Sovereign, is a British rapper, best known for the songs "9 to 5" and "Love Me or Hate Me". She was signed to Def Jam in 2005 by Jay-Z.
19/12/1984
Ian Kennedy, American baseball player
Ian Patrick Kennedy is an American former professional baseball pitcher. Between 2007 and 2023, he played 17 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Yankees, Arizona Diamondbacks, San Diego Padres, Kansas City Royals, Texas Rangers, and Philadelphia Phillies.
19/12/1983
Nektarios Alexandrou, Cypriot footballer
Nektarios Alexandrou is a Greek Cypriot former professional footballer. He was a left flank specialist, but he primarily played as the left winger.
Casey Crescenzo, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
Casey Crescenzo is an American singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist, most notable for being the singer for the bands The Dear Hunter and The Receiving End of Sirens. He is also a producer who has worked with many other bands.
Bridget Phillipson, English politician
Bridget Maeve Phillipson is a British politician who has served as Secretary of State for Education and Minister for Women and Equalities since July 2024. A member of the Labour Party, she has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Houghton and Sunderland South since 2010.
Laura Pomeroy, Canadian swimmer
Laura Pomeroy is a Canadian swimmer.
Matt Stajan, Canadian ice hockey player
Matthew Stajan is a Canadian former professional ice hockey centre. He was a second round selection, 57th overall, of the Toronto Maple Leafs at the 2002 NHL entry draft. Stajan made his NHL debut in 2004 and was a member of the Maple Leafs until he was traded to the Calgary Flames in 2010. Stajan played his final professional season with EHC Red Bull München of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL)
19/12/1982
Mo Williams, American basketball player
Maurice Williams is an assistant men's basketball coach at the University of Kentucky and a former professional basketball player who played 13 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). After a successful high school career at Murrah High School in Jackson, Mississippi, Williams attended college at the University of Alabama, where he led his team as a freshman to a 27–8 record, and also shared an SEC regular-season championship. After two seasons at Alabama, Williams entered the 2003 NBA draft where he was selected with the 47th overall pick by the Utah Jazz. Throughout his career, he has also played for the Milwaukee Bucks, Los Angeles Clippers, Portland Trail Blazers, Minnesota Timberwolves, Charlotte Hornets and Cleveland Cavaliers. In 2009, Williams was selected as an NBA All-Star. In the 2016 NBA Finals, he won his only NBA championship with the Cavaliers. He retired as a player in 2017.
19/12/1981
Grégory Dufer, Belgian footballer
Grégory Dufer is a Belgian former international footballer.
19/12/1980
Jake Gyllenhaal, American actor and producer
Jacob Benjamin Gyllenhaal is an American actor whose career on screen and stage has spanned more than three decades. Born into the Gyllenhaal family, he is the son of film director Stephen Gyllenhaal and screenwriter Naomi Foner, and the younger brother of actress Maggie Gyllenhaal.
Marla Sokoloff, American actress and musician
Marla Sokoloff is an American actress. She is known for playing Gia Mahan on Full House and Fuller House, Cokie Mason in The Babysitters Club movie, and Lucy Hatcher on the legal drama series The Practice. She also appeared as Joey's sister Dina on Friends and as the nanny Claire on Desperate Housewives. She has starred in the films True Crime (1996), The Climb (1999), Whatever It Takes (2000), Dude, Where's My Car? (2000), Sugar & Spice (2001), The Tollbooth (2004), Love on the Side (2006), Play the Game (2009), and The Merry Gentlemen (2024).
19/12/1979
Kevin Devine, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
Kevin Devine is an American songwriter and musician from Brooklyn and Staten Island, New York City. He is a contemporary member of the underground indie rock and indie folk musical scenes, and his influences range from older indie artists such as Neutral Milk Hotel, Elliott Smith and Pavement to more mainstream and well known acts such as Nirvana and Bob Dylan. In 2013, Kevin Devine rejoined his previous band, Miracle of 86, for a series of reunion shows.
Rafael Soriano, Dominican baseball player
Rafael Soriano is a Dominican former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Seattle Mariners, Atlanta Braves, Tampa Bay Rays, New York Yankees, Washington Nationals, and Chicago Cubs.
19/12/1978
Patrick Casey, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
Patrick Casey is an American screenwriter, producer, and actor, often collaborating with filmmaker Worm Miller. He is best known for his work on the Fox animated series Golan the Insatiable, the Sonic the Hedgehog feature films and the Violent Night films.
19/12/1977
Jorge Garbajosa, Spanish basketball player
Jorge Garbajosa Chaparro is a Spanish former professional basketball player, the outgoing president of the Spanish Basketball Federation, and the current President of FIBA Europe. Standing at 2.07 m, he played both power forward and small forward. He was an All-EuroLeague first team selection in 2003, and an All-EuroLeague second team selection in 2006, while playing for Unicaja. During his stint in the NBA, he was named to the NBA All-Rookie First Team in 2007. A serious injury the following season cut his NBA career short, and he never truly recovered until his retirement.
LaTasha Jenkins, American sprinter
LaTasha Jenkins is an American former track and field sprinter. Having won international medals in the 200 m, she won a silver medal at the 2001 World Indoor Championships and a silver medal at the 2001 Outdoor Championships. Other career highlights include 2001 U.S. Indoor 200m champion; 1999 and 2001 US Outdoor runner-up, 200m; 1999 NCAA 200m champion; four-time NCAA All-American; member of world record-holding 4 × 200 m relay team. She was born in Chicago and attended Oak Lawn Polaris High School.
Irina Voronina, Russian model
Irina Voronina is an American model and comedian. Born in Dzerzhinsk in Russia, she moved to Los Angeles in summer 1999 and posed for several magazines including Playboy, who made her Playboy Playmate of the month for January 2001. She acted in multiple films and TV series and spent a year on tour as 2008's St. Pauli Girl Beer spokesmodel. Voronina began a career as a stand-up comedian in early 2015 and subsequently published a comedy album, From Russia With Laughs.
Elisa (Italian singer), Italian singer, songwriter and record producer.
Elisa Toffoli, known mononymously as Elisa, is an Italian singer, songwriter and record producer. She draws inspiration from many genres such as pop, alternative rock, electronica, and trip hop, recording songs both in Italian and English, which she considers her artistic primary language.
19/12/1975
Makis Belevonis, Greek footballer
Makis Belevonis is a Greek former professional footballer who played as a right back.
Brandon Sanderson, American author and academic
Brandon Winn Sanderson is an American author of high fantasy, science fiction, and young adult books. His best known novels include the Mistborn series and The Stormlight Archive, which are set in the "Cosmere", a fictional universe. Outside of the Cosmere, he has written several young adult and juvenile series including The Reckoners, the Skyward series, and the Alcatraz series. He is also known for finishing author Robert Jordan's high fantasy series The Wheel of Time. Sanderson has created two graphic novels, White Sand and Dark One.
Jeremy Soule, American composer
Jeremy Soule is an American composer of soundtracks for film, television, and video games. He has composed soundtracks for over 60 games and over a dozen other works during his career, including The Elder Scrolls, Guild Wars, Total Annihilation, and the Harry Potter series.
Olivier Tébily, Ivorian-French footballer
Olivier Tébily is a former professional footballer who played as a defender. A French citizen, he won 18 full international caps for his native Ivory Coast national team. He played in the top level league in four countries: for Châteauroux in Division 1, for Celtic in the Scottish Premier League, for Birmingham City in the English Premier League, and for Toronto FC in Major League Soccer.
Dean Treister, Australian rugby league player
Dean Treister is an Australian former rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s, and 2000s. A member of the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks team, Treister played many games for the club from 1993 to 2003, including the 1997 Super League Grand Final. His position of choice was hooker. As a Cronulla Sharks local junior, Dean was part of the famous 1994 Presidents Cup winning team and played 161 first grade games between 1995 and 2003 where he scored 16 tries and played in the hooker position. He finished his career in England where he played 1 season for Hull FC. Throughout his time at the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks he was a favourite amongst the fans. Treister was known for his creative ability in attack and his ability to control the game.
19/12/1974
Eduard Ivakdalam, Indonesian footballer
Eduard Ivakdalam is an Indonesian former professional footballer. Ivakdalam normally plays as a midfielder and he is a former player for Indonesia national football team.
Joe Jurevicius, American football player
Joseph Michael Jurevicius is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the New York Giants in the second round of the 1998 NFL draft. He played college football for the Penn State Nittany Lions.
Felipe Lopez, Dominican-American basketball player
Luis Felipe López is a Dominican former professional basketball player. He starred as a high school player and for the St. John's Red Storm in college basketball. López played for four seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He has played for teams in a half dozen countries, as well as in the Continental Basketball Association (CBA) in the U.S. Most recently, he has been a broadcaster with Spanish-language networks. His life story was the subject of an ESPN 30 for 30 documentary entitled The Dominican Dream.
Jake Plummer, American football player and sportscaster
Jason Steven "Jake" Plummer is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback for 10 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Arizona State Sun Devils. Plummer was selected by the Arizona Cardinals in the second round of the 1997 NFL draft, spending six seasons with the Cardinals and then four with the Denver Broncos.
Ricky Ponting, Australian cricketer and sportscaster
Ricky Thomas Ponting is an Australian cricket coach, commentator, and former player. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest batsmen of all time and is the most successful captain in international cricket history, with 220 victories in 324 matches with a winning rate of 67.91%.
Mige (musician), Finnish musician, bassist and founding member of the gothic rock band HIM
Mikko Henrik Julius Paananen, better known as Mige, is a Finnish musician, best known as the bassist and founding member of the gothic rock band HIM. Born to an artistic family, Mige attended the Sibelius Upper Secondary School of music and dance, when he first formed HIM with Ville Valo. The band broke up after Mige began his national military service, but they reformed in 1995. HIM would go on to release eight studio albums and become one of the most commercially successful Finnish bands of all time. The band announced their retirement in March 2017, and played their final show on New Year's Eve 2017.
19/12/1973
Michalis Grigoriou, Greek footballer and coach
Michalis Grigoriou is a Greek professional football manager. He is the current manager of Super League club Aris.
Erick Wainaina, Kenyan runner
Erick Wainaina is a Kenyan marathon runner, who won an Olympic bronze medal in 1996 and a silver medal in 2000. He finished seventh in the 2004 Summer Olympics marathon in Athens, making him one of the few athletes in Olympic history to finish in the top 10 at three marathons.
Zulfiya Zabirova, Russian cyclist
Zulfiya Khasanovna Zabirova is a Russian professional cycle racer who won the gold medal in the time trial event in the 1996 Olympics and later, in 2002, won the World Time Trial Championship.
Takashi Sorimachi, Japanese actor and singer
Takashi Noguchi , known professionally as Takashi Sorimachi , is a Japanese actor and singer. He is mostly famous for having portrayed Eikichi Onizuka in the 1998 live-action drama adaptation of the popular manga series Great Teacher Onizuka, and the assassin O in Hong Kong action thriller film Fulltime Killer.
19/12/1972
Rosa Blasi, American actress
Rosa Blasi Harris is an American actress, author, model, singer and therapist. She is known for her roles as Luisa Delgado in the Lifetime medical drama series Strong Medicine and Barb Thunderman in the Nickelodeon series The Thundermans.
Alyssa Milano, American actress, television personality, and activist
Alyssa Milano is an American actress and activist. She has played Samantha Micelli in Who's the Boss? (1984–1992), Jennifer Mancini in Melrose Place (1997–1998), Phoebe Halliwell in Charmed (1998–2006), Billie Cunningham in My Name Is Earl (2007–2008), Savannah "Savi" Davis in Mistresses (2013–2014), Renata Murphy in Wet Hot American Summer: Ten Years Later (2017), and Coralee Armstrong in Insatiable (2018–2019). As an activist, Milano is known for her role in the #MeToo movement in October 2017. She was the replacement of the role of Roxie Hart, and did her own singing in Chicago.
Warren Sapp, American football player and analyst
Warren Carlos Sapp is an American former professional football defensive tackle who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 13 seasons, primarily with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. He played college football for the Miami Hurricanes, winning the Lombardi Award and the Bronko Nagurski and Bill Willis trophies in 1994. Sapp was selected in the first round of 1995 NFL draft by the Buccaneers, where he spent his first nine seasons. In his final four seasons, he was a member of the Oakland Raiders. In addition, Sapp served as an assistant coach for the Colorado Buffaloes from 2024 to 2025.
19/12/1971
Amy Locane, American actress
Amy Locane is an American retired actress known for her role in John Waters' 1990 musical comedy Cry-Baby. In 1992, Locane portrayed Sandy Harling in the first season of the prime time soap opera Melrose Place. She appeared in the 1992 film School Ties alongside Matt Damon and Brendan Fraser, as the object of their affections.
Karen Pickering, English swimmer
Karen Denise Pickering, MBE is a former competitive freestyle swimmer from Great Britain. Pickering was the first woman to win an individual World Championship gold medal in swimming for Great Britain at the 1993 FINA Short Course World Championships in the 200 metre freestyle, and was part of the team that won relay gold three times for Great Britain in both long course (2001) and short course world championships.
19/12/1970
Tyson Beckford, American model and actor
Tyson Beckford is a Jamaican-American model and actor best known as a Ralph Lauren Polo model. He was also the host of both seasons of the Bravo program Make Me a Supermodel. Beckford has been described as one of the most successful male supermodels of all time, achieving fame and huge contracts similar to the female models who had huge success in the 1990s.
Robert Lang, Czech ice hockey player
Robert Lang is a Czech former professional ice hockey player. Selected by the Los Angeles Kings of the National Hockey League (NHL) in the fifth round, 133rd overall, of the 1990 NHL entry draft, Lang made his NHL debut with the team in the 1992–93 season. He has also played for the Boston Bruins, Pittsburgh Penguins, Washington Capitals, Detroit Red Wings, Chicago Blackhawks, Montreal Canadiens and Phoenix Coyotes, with whom he retired with in 2010.
19/12/1969
Michael Bates, American sprinter and football player
Michael Dion Bates is an American former two-sport athlete who gained fame as a sprinter who won an Olympic bronze medal in the 200-meter dash in 1992. He also played football as a kick returner in the National Football League (NFL), where he was a five-time Pro Bowl selection. He played college football for the Arizona Wildcats.
Tom Gugliotta, American basketball player
Thomas James Gugliotta is an American former professional basketball player. Drafted with the sixth pick in the 1992 NBA draft, he played thirteen seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). A 6'10 power forward, he was an All-Star in 1997 as a player of the Minnesota Timberwolves. Gugliotta was formerly an All-American college player for the NC State Wolfpack.
Richard Hammond, English journalist and producer
Richard Mark Hammond is an English television presenter, journalist, and author. He is best known for co-hosting the BBC Two motoring programme Top Gear from 2002 until 2015 with Jeremy Clarkson and James May. From 2016 to 2024, the trio presented Amazon Prime Video's The Grand Tour.
Nayan Mongia, Indian cricketer
Nayan Ramlal Mongia is a former Indian cricketer and cricket coach. He was a right-handed batsman and a wicketkeeper. He was part of the Indian squad which won the 1995 Asia Cup.
Aziza Mustafa Zadeh, Azerbaijani composer, pianist, and singer
Aziza Mustafa Zadeh is an Azerbaijani singer, pianist, and composer who plays a fusion of jazz and mugham with classical and avant-garde influences.
Kristy Swanson, American actress
Kristy Swanson is an American actress. She is best recognized for having played Buffy Summers in the 1992 film Buffy the Vampire Slayer and appeared in the 1996 film The Phantom.
19/12/1968
Kristina Keneally, American-Australian politician, 42nd Premier of New South Wales
Kristina Marie Kerscher Keneally is an American-born Australian politician who served as the first female Premier of New South Wales from 2009 to 2011 and was later a Labor Senator for New South Wales from February 2018 until April 2022. She resigned from the Senate to contest the House of Representatives seat of Fowler, but was unsuccessful. From 2019 to 2022 she served as Deputy Leader of the Opposition in the Senate, Shadow Minister for Home Affairs, and Shadow Minister for Immigration and Citizenship.
Ken Marino, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
Kenneth Joseph Marino is an American actor, comedian, director, screenwriter, and singer. He was a cast member on MTV's The State and has starred in shows such as Party Down, Marry Me, Burning Love, and Childrens Hospital. He played the Lehman brothers on the Showtime series Black Monday. He stars as Victor in the cult-classic comedy film Wet Hot American Summer and its spin-offs. He is the lead singer of the garage band the Middle Aged Dad Jam Band.
19/12/1967
Criss Angel, American magician
Christopher Nicholas Sarantakos, known professionally as Criss Angel, is an American magician, illusionist and musician.
Charles Austin, American high jumper
Charles Allen Austin is an American former athlete who won the gold medal in the men's high jump at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. He was inducted into the United States Track & Field Hall of Fame in 2012. Currently, Charles and Javier Sotomayor are the only two high jumpers that have won gold medals in the Olympics, Outdoor World Championships, Indoor World Championships and World Cup Championships. Hennadiy Avdyeyenko, who won the inaugural 1983 Outdoor World Championship setting the championship high jump record with a jump of 2.32m, and Charles are the only two high jumpers to win and establish the championship record in both the Outdoor World Championship and Olympic Games. He currently holds or previously held the high jump record at the three biggest outdoor track and field competitions.
19/12/1966
Chuckii Booker, American singer-songwriter and producer
Eugene Allen Booker Jr., known professionally as Chuckii Booker, is an American producer, singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and bandleader from Los Angeles, California.
Rajesh Chauhan, Indian cricketer
Rajesh Chauhan is a former Indian cricketer who played in 21 Tests and 35 One Day Internationals from 1993 to 1998. He was part of the Indian spin trio of Kumble-Raju-Chauhan, in the 1990s.
Robert MacNaughton, American actor
Robert MacNaughton is an American actor. He is best known for his role as Elliott's brother Michael in E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, for which he won a 1982 Young Artist Award as Best Young Supporting Actor in a Motion Picture. MacNaughton also played the lead role of Adam Farmer in the 1983 film I Am the Cheese, based on the young adult novel by Robert Cormier.
Alberto Tomba, Italian skier
Alberto Tomba is a former World Cup alpine ski racer from Italy. He was the dominant technical skier in the late 1980s and 1990s. At 182 cm and 90 kg, his powerful build was a contrast to the lighter, more traditional technical skiers who prioritised agility over muscle. Tomba was able to take advantage of the introduction of spring-loaded ski gates which replaced the older, solid gates in the early 1980s by using his power to maintain a faster, more direct line through courses. Tomba won three Olympic gold medals, two World Championships, and nine World Cup season titles: four in slalom, four in giant slalom, and one overall title. He was popularly called Tomba la Bomba.
Eric Weinrich, American ice hockey player and coach
Eric John Weinrich is an American former professional ice hockey defenseman who played 17 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the New Jersey Devils, Hartford Whalers, Chicago Blackhawks, Montreal Canadiens, Boston Bruins, Philadelphia Flyers, St. Louis Blues, and Vancouver Canucks. He played 1,157 career NHL games, scoring 70 goals and 318 assists for 388 points, and has represented Team USA in more international hockey tournaments than any other American player.
19/12/1965
Chito Martínez, Belizean-American baseball player
Reyenaldo Ignacio "Chito" Martínez was a Belizean Major League Baseball (MLB) player, the first in MLB history to be born in his country. He played for the Baltimore Orioles from 1991 to 1993.
19/12/1964
Béatrice Dalle, French actress
Béatrice Dalle is a French actress and model. She has appeared in over fifty films and is best known internationally for her debut role in the 1986 film 37°2 le matin. Béatrice Dalle is renowned for her intense and unconventional roles, often portraying characters that are both provocative and transgressive.
Lorie Kane, Canadian golfer
Lorie Kane, is a Canadian professional golfer on the LPGA Tour. She began her career on the LPGA Tour in 1996 and has four career victories and 99 top-10 finishes on the tour. She won the Bobbie Rosenfeld Award in 2000 and became a member of the Order of Canada at a ceremony in December 2006. Kane was the second Canadian to have multiple wins on the LPGA circuit in one season, in 2000, after Sandra Post performed the feat twice, in 1978 and 1979. The next person to do so was Brooke Henderson, in 2016. In 2015, she was inducted into the Canadian Golf Hall of Fame. In May 2020, it was announced that she would be awarded the Order of Sport, marking her induction into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame as part of the class of 2020-2021.
Randall McDaniel, American football player
Randall Cornell McDaniel is an American former professional football player who was a guard in the National Football League (NFL), primarily with the Minnesota Vikings and two seasons with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. He was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2009.
Arvydas Sabonis, Lithuanian basketball player
Arvydas Romas Sabonis is a Lithuanian former professional basketball player and businessman. Sabonis won the Euroscar six times and the Mr. Europa Award twice. He played in a variety of leagues, including the Spanish ACB League, and spent seven seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Playing the center position, Sabonis won a gold medal at the 1988 Summer Olympics, in South Korea, for the Soviet Union, and later earned bronze medals at the 1992 Olympic Games and 1996 Olympic Games representing Lithuania. He retired from professional basketball in 2005. Sabonis was selected by the Portland Trail Blazers in the first round of the 1986 NBA draft, but he did not play his first NBA game until 1995, at the age of 30.
19/12/1963
Jennifer Beals, American model and actress
Jennifer Beals is an American actress. She made her film debut in My Bodyguard (1980), before receiving critical acclaim for her performance as Alexandra Owens in Flashdance (1983), for which she won NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Motion Picture and was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Comedy or Musical.
Til Schweiger, German actor, director, and producer
Tilman Valentin Schweiger is a German actor and filmmaker. He became known in the 1990s for films such as Manta, Manta, Der bewegte Mann and Knockin' on Heaven's Door. He went on to star in international film productions such as Inglourious Basterds and founded his own production company Barefoot Films. Films like Rabbit Without Ears, Rabbit Without Ears 2, Kokowääh and Head Full of Honey, in which he was director, producer and actor, drew large audiences, making Schweiger the most commercially successful German filmmaker.
19/12/1962
Gary Fleder, American director, producer, and screenwriter
Gary Fleder is an American film director, screenwriter, and producer. His most recently completed film, Homefront, was released by Open Road Films and Millennium Films in November 2013. In recent years he has been a prolific director of television pilots.
19/12/1961
Scott Cohen, American actor
Scott Cohen is an American actor best known for his supporting role as Max Medina on the first three seasons of The WB comedy drama series Gilmore Girls (2000–03), as well as his lead roles as Detective Chris Ravell on the NBC legal drama series Law & Order: Trial by Jury (2005–06), Dominic Eugene "Nico" Careles on the USA Network comedy drama series Necessary Roughness (2011–13), Ezra Wolf on the ABC legal drama series The Fix (2019), and Luca Falcone on the HBO crime drama miniseries The Penguin (2024).
Eric Allin Cornell, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
Eric Allin Cornell is an American physicist who, along with Carl E. Wieman, synthesized the first Bose–Einstein condensate in 1995. Cornell, Wieman and Wolfgang Ketterle shared the 2001 Nobel Prize in Physics “for the achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates”.
Matthew Waterhouse, English actor and author
Matthew Waterhouse is an English actor and writer, best known for his role as Adric in the BBC science fiction television series Doctor Who from 1980 to 1982.
Reggie White, American football player and wrestler (died 2004)
Reginald Howard White was an American professional football defensive end who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 15 seasons. White played college football for the Tennessee Volunteers, earning unanimous All-American honors. After playing two seasons for the Memphis Showboats of the United States Football League (USFL), he was selected in the first round of the 1984 NFL Supplemental Draft, and then played for the Philadelphia Eagles, the Green Bay Packers and the Carolina Panthers, becoming one of the most awarded defensive players in NFL history.
19/12/1960
Derrick Jensen, American author and activist
Derrick Jensen is an American environmental activist, author and ecophilosopher in the anarcho-primitivist tradition. He believes that human civilization is and has always been unsustainable for the planet.
Michelangelo Signorile, American journalist and author
Michelangelo Signorile is an American journalist, author and talk radio host. His radio program is aired each weekday across the United States and Canada on Sirius XM Radio and globally online. Signorile was editor-at-large for HuffPost from 2011 until 2019. Signorile is a political liberal, and covers a wide variety of political and cultural issues.
19/12/1959
Iván Vallejo, Ecuadorian mountaineer
Iván Vallejo is a high-altitude mountaineer from Ecuador. On 1 May 2008, he became the 14th person to reach the summit of all 14 mountains above 8,000 meters, and the 7th without use of supplemental oxygen. He is the first, and still the only, Southern Hemisphere climber to complete all 14 eight-thousanders, without supplemental oxygen.
Lisa Wilkinson, Australian television host and journalist
Lisa Clare Wilkinson is an Australian television presenter, journalist, and magazine editor.
19/12/1958
Steven Isserlis, English cellist and author
Steven John Isserlis is a British cellist. An acclaimed soloist, chamber musician, educator, writer and broadcaster, he is widely regarded as one of the leading musicians of his generation. He is also noted for his diverse repertoire and distinctive sound which is partly from his use of gut strings.
Limahl, English pop singer
Christopher Hamill, known professionally as Limahl, is an English singer and songwriter. He was the lead vocalist of the pop band Kajagoogoo beginning in 1982, before embarking on a solo career, releasing the 1984 hit "The NeverEnding Story", the theme song for the eponymous film.
19/12/1957
Cyril Collard, French actor, director, and composer (died 1993)
Cyril Collard was a French author, filmmaker, composer, musician and actor. He is known for his unapologetic portrayals of bisexuality and HIV in art, particularly his autobiographical novel and film Les Nuits fauves. Openly bisexual, Collard was also one of the first French artists to speak openly about his HIV-positive status.
Kevin McHale, American basketball player, coach, and manager
Kevin Edward McHale is an American former professional basketball player, coach and analyst who played his entire professional career for the Boston Celtics. He earned the nickname "the Torture Chamber" for his exceptional footwork and wide array of post moves which made him nearly impossible to guard one-on-one. Dominique Wilkins famously called him "A Man With a Thousand Moves." He is a Basketball Hall of Fame inductee and widely considered one of the greatest power forwards of all time.
19/12/1956
Phil Harris, American captain and fisherman (died 2010)
Phillip Charles Harris was an American captain and part owner of the crab fishing vessel F/V Cornelia Marie, which has been featured on Discovery Channel's documentary reality TV series Deadliest Catch. He suffered a stroke while offloading C. opilio crab in port at Saint Paul Island, Alaska, on January 29, 2010. Despite improvements in his condition, Harris died on February 9, 2010, at the age of 53, while suffering an intracranial hemorrhage in the hospital.
Tom Lawless, American baseball player and manager
Thomas James Lawless is an American former Major League Baseball (MLB) player who played between 1982 and 1990, appearing with the Cincinnati Reds, Montreal Expos, St. Louis Cardinals, and Toronto Blue Jays.
Shane McEntee, Irish farmer and politician, Minister of State at the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine (died 2012)
Shane McEntee was an Irish Fine Gael politician who served as Minister of State at the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine from 2011 to 2012. He served as a Teachta Dála (TD) from 2005 to 2012.
Merzbow, Japanese noise musician
Merzbow is a Japanese noise project started in 1979 by Masami Akita, best known for a style of harsh noise music. Since 1980, Akita has released over 500 recordings and collaborated with numerous artists.
19/12/1955
Lincoln Hall, Australian mountaineer and author (died 2012)
Lincoln Ross Hall OAM was a veteran Australian mountaineer, adventurer and author. Lincoln was part of the first Australian expedition to climb Mount Everest in 1984, which successfully forged a new route. He reached the summit of Mount Everest on his second attempt in 2006, miraculously surviving the night at 8,700 m (28,543 ft) on descent, after his family had been told he had died.
Rob Portman, American lawyer and politician
Robert Jones Portman is an American attorney and politician who served as a United States senator from Ohio from 2011 to 2023. A member of the Republican Party, Portman was the 35th director of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) from 2006 to 2007, the 14th United States trade representative from 2005 to 2006, and a U.S. representative from 1993 to 2005, representing Ohio's 2nd district.
19/12/1954
Jeff Allam, English race car driver
Jeffrey Frank Allam is a former British racing driver who made his name in Saloon Car racing. He now works as Head of Business for Allam Motor Services in Epsom which are a Skoda sales and service and Vauxhall servicing dealership.
Tim Parks, English author and translator
Timothy Harold Parks is a British novelist who has lived in Italy since 1981. He is also an author of nonfiction, a translator from Italian to English, and a professor of literature.
19/12/1952
Walter Murphy, American pianist and composer
Walter Anthony Murphy Jr. is an American composer, keyboardist, songwriter, and record producer. He is best known for the instrumental "A Fifth of Beethoven", a disco adaptation of Beethoven's Fifth Symphony which topped the charts in 1976 and was featured on the Saturday Night Fever soundtrack in 1977. Further classical-disco fusions followed, such as "Flight '76", "Toccata and Funk in 'D' Minor" "Bolero", and "Mostly Mozart", but were not as successful.
19/12/1951
Mohammad Reza Aref, Iranian engineer and politician, 2nd Vice President of Iran
Mohammad Reza Aref is an Iranian engineer, academic and reformist politician who is the eighth and current first vice president of Iran since 2024, under President Masoud Pezeshkian; he previously served as the first vice-president from 2001 to 2005 under Mohammad Khatami. He is also currently member of the Expediency Discernment Council since 2002.
Alan Rouse, English mountaineer and author (died 1986)
Alan Paul Rouse was the first British climber to reach the summit of the second highest mountain in the world, K2, but died on the descent.
19/12/1950
Eleanor J. Hill, American lawyer and diplomat
19/12/1949
Orna Berry, Israeli computer scientist and businesswoman
Orna Berry, is an Israeli computer scientist, high-tech entrepreneur, and senior executive in the Israeli science and technology industries. In 1996, Berry became the first woman to serve as chief scientist and head of the industrial R&D operation of the Israeli Ministry of Industry, Trade and Labour. She was awarded the "Yekirat Hanegev" award from Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in 2012.
Claudia Kolb, American swimmer
Claudia Anne Kolb, also known by her married name Claudia Thomas, is an American former competition swimmer, swim coach, two-time Olympic champion, and former world record-holder in four events.
Sebastian, Danish singer-songwriter and guitarist
Knud Grabow Christensen, better known by his stage name Sebastian, is a Danish singer, guitarist and songwriter.
Lenny White, American musician
Leonard White III is an American jazz fusion drummer who was a member of the band Return to Forever led by Chick Corea in the 1970s. White has been called "one of the founding fathers of jazz fusion".
19/12/1948
Ken Brown, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster (died 2022)
Kenneth Murray Brown was a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender. He played one game in the National Hockey League with the Chicago Black Hawks in 1971, and 52 games in the World Hockey Association with the Alberta/Edmonton Oilers between 1972 and 1975. The rest of his career lasted from 1968 to 1975 and was spent in the minor leagues.
19/12/1947
Jimmy Bain, Scottish bass player and songwriter (died 2016)
James Stewart Bain was a Scottish musician, best known for playing bass guitar in the bands Rainbow and Dio. He also worked with Kate Bush and Thin Lizzy frontman Phil Lynott, co-writing on his solo albums.
19/12/1946
Rosemary Conley, English businesswoman, author, and broadcaster
Rosemary Jean Neil Conley CBE, DL is an English businesswoman, author and broadcaster on exercise and health. Conley authored a low-fat diet and exercise programme, The Hip & Thigh Diet in 1988, which sold more than two million copies. However, her spot theory of fat reduction which claims people can lose fat specifically from the hips and thighs has no scientific basis.
Robert Urich, American actor and producer (died 2002)
Robert Michael Urich was an American film, television, and stage actor and television producer. Over the course of his 30-year career, he starred in a record 15 television series.
19/12/1945
John McEuen, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
John McEuen is an American folk musician and a founding member of the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band.
19/12/1944
William Christie, American-French harpsichord player and conductor
William Lincoln Christie is an American-born French conductor and harpsichordist. He is a specialist in baroque and classical repertoire and is the founder of the ensemble Les Arts Florissants.
Mitchell Feigenbaum, American physicist and mathematician (died 2019)
Mitchell Jay Feigenbaum was an American mathematical physicist whose pioneering studies in chaos theory led to the discovery of the Feigenbaum constants.
Martin Hume Johnson, English physiologist and academic
Martin Hume Johnson is a British scientist who is emeritus professor of Reproductive Sciences in the Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience (PDN) at the University of Cambridge.
Richard Leakey, Kenyan paleontologist and politician (died 2022)
Richard Erskine Frere Leakey was a Kenyan paleoanthropologist, conservationist and politician. Leakey held a number of official positions in Kenya, mostly in institutions of archaeology and wildlife conservation. He was director of the National Museum of Kenya, founded the NGO WildlifeDirect, and was the chairman of the Kenya Wildlife Service. Leakey served in the powerful office of cabinet secretary and head of public service during the tail end of President Daniel Toroitich Arap Moi's government.
Alvin Lee, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2013)
Alvin Lee was an English guitarist, singer and songwriter, who was best known as the lead vocalist and guitarist of the blues rock band Ten Years After.
Tim Reid, American actor and director
Timothy Lee Reid Sr. is an American actor, comedian and film director best known for his roles in prime time American television programs, such as Venus Flytrap on WKRP in Cincinnati (1978–82), Marcel "Downtown" Brown on Simon & Simon (1983–87), Ray Campbell on Sister, Sister (1994–99) and William Barnett on That '70s Show (2004–06).
Steve Tyrell, American singer-songwriter and producer
Stephen Louis Bilao III is an American singer and record producer. He won a 2004 Grammy Award as the producer of the Rod Stewart studio album Stardust: The Great American Songbook, Volume III. He also hosts a jazz radio program on KKJZ at California State University, Long Beach.
Zal Yanovsky, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2002)
Zalman Yanovsky was a Canadian folk-rock musician and restaurateur. Born in Toronto, he was the son of political cartoonist Avrom Yanovsky and teacher Nechama Yanovsky. He played lead guitar and sang for the Lovin' Spoonful, a rock band which he founded with John Sebastian in 1964.
19/12/1943
James L. Jones, American general and politician, 22nd United States National Security Advisor
James Logan Jones Jr. is a retired United States Marine Corps four-star general and consultant who served as the 21st United States national security advisor from 2009 to 2010. During his military career, he served as the 32nd commandant of the Marine Corps from July 1999 to January 2003, and commander, United States European Command and Supreme Allied Commander Europe from 2003 to 2006. Jones retired from the Marine Corps on February 1, 2007, after 40 years of service.
Elaine Joyce, American actress, singer, and dancer
Elaine Joyce is an American actress.
Ross M. Lence, American political scientist and academic (died 2006)
Ross Marlo Anthony Lence was an American political scientist. He was professor of political science at the University of Houston from 1971 to 2006, where he was John and Rebecca Moores Professor and then held the Ross M. Lence Distinguished Teaching Chair, named and endowed in his honor in 2001. He taught political philosophy, American political thought, and American government as a member of the political science and honors college faculties. He edited a Liberty Fund volume of the works of John C. Calhoun, Union and Liberty: The Political Philosophy of John C. Calhoun.
19/12/1942
Cornell Dupree, American guitarist (died 2011)
Cornell Luther Dupree was an American jazz fusion and R&B guitarist. He worked at various times with Miles Davis, Aretha Franklin, Bill Withers, Donny Hathaway, King Curtis, and Steve Gadd, appeared on Late Night with David Letterman, and wrote a book on soul and blues guitar, Rhythm and Blues Guitar. He reportedly recorded on 2,500 sessions.
Gene Okerlund, American sports announcer (died 2019)
Eugene Arthur Okerlund was an American professional wrestling interviewer, announcer and television host. He was best known for his work in the World Wrestling Federation and World Championship Wrestling (WCW). Okerlund was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame in 2006 by Hulk Hogan. He was signed to a lifetime contract with WWE and later worked for promotional programs. He has been described by some journalists as the greatest interviewer in the history of professional wrestling.
19/12/1941
Lee Myung-bak, South Korean businessman and politician, 10th President of South Korea
Lee Myung-bak, often referred to by his initials MB, is a South Korean politician and business executive who served as the tenth president of South Korea from 2008 to 2013. A member of then Saenuri Party, he was the mayor of Seoul from 2002 to 2006. Before entering politics, he was the chief executive officer of Hyundai Engineering and Construction.
Maurice White, American singer-songwriter and producer (died 2016)
Maurice White was an American musician, best known as the founder, leader, main songwriter and chief producer of the band Earth, Wind & Fire, also serving as the band's co-lead singer with Philip Bailey.
19/12/1940
Phil Ochs, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1976)
Philip David Ochs was an American songwriter, protest singer, and political activist. Ochs was known for his sharp wit, sardonic humor, and political commentary. He wrote about 200 songs in the 1960s and 1970s and released eight albums.
19/12/1938
Jay Arnette, American basketball player
Jay Hoyland Arnette is an American former professional basketball player. He played college basketball for the Texas Longhorns. Arnette played professionally for the Cincinnati Royals of the NBA from 1963 to 1965.
19/12/1935
Tony Taylor, Cuban baseball player and coach (died 2020)
Antonio Nemesio Taylor Sánchez was a Cuban professional baseball second baseman who played 19 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB). He played for the Chicago Cubs, Philadelphia Phillies, and Detroit Tigers from 1958 until 1976. He batted and threw right-handed and also played third base and first base.
Bobby Timmons, American pianist and composer (died 1974)
Robert Henry Timmons was an American jazz pianist and composer. He was a sideman in Art Blakey's Jazz Messengers for two periods, between which he was part of Cannonball Adderley's band. Several of Timmons' compositions written when part of these bands – including "Moanin'", "Dat Dere", and "This Here" – enjoyed commercial success and brought him more attention. In the early and mid-1960s he led a series of piano trios that toured and recorded extensively.
Joanne Weaver, American baseball player (died 2000)
Joanne "Joltin' Jo" Weaver was a right fielder who played from 1951 through 1954 in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL). Listed at 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m), 142 lb., she batted and threw right-handed.
19/12/1934
Al Kaline, American baseball player and sportscaster (died 2020)
Albert William Kaline, nicknamed "Mr. Tiger", was an American professional baseball right fielder who played his entire 22-season career in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Detroit Tigers. For most of his career, Kaline played in the outfield, mainly as a right fielder where he won ten Gold Glove Awards and was known for his strong throwing arm. He was selected to 18 All-Star Games, including selections each year between 1955 and 1967. He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1980 in his first year of eligibility.
Pratibha Patil, Indian lawyer and politician, 12th President of India
Pratibha Devisingh Patil, also known as Pratibha Patil Shekhawat, is an Indian politician and lawyer who served as the president of India from 2007 to 2012. She was the first woman to become the president of India. A member of the Indian National Congress, she also served as the Governor of Rajasthan from 2004 to 2007, and was a member of the Lok Sabha from 1991 to 1996.
Casper R. Taylor, Jr., American lawyer and politician (died 2023)
Casper R. Taylor Jr. was an American politician who served as Speaker of the Maryland House of Delegates from 1994 to 2003, amongst the longest Speaker's tenures in Maryland history. He also represented Districts 1C and 2A in the House of Delegates from 1975 to 2003.
19/12/1933
Kevan Gosper, Australian runner and politician (died 2024)
Richard Kevan Gosper, AO was an Australian athlete who mainly competed in the 400 metres. He was a Vice President of the International Olympic Committee, and combined chairman and CEO of Shell Australia. Gosper died on 19 July 2024, at the age of 90.
Christopher Smout, Scottish historian and academic
Thomas Christopher Smout is an English academic, historian, author and Historiographer Royal in Scotland.
19/12/1932
Salvador Elizondo, Mexican author, poet, playwright, and critic (died 2006)
Salvador Elizondo Alcalde was a Mexican writer of the 60s Generation of Mexican literature.
Lola Hendricks, African American civil rights activist (died 2013)
Lola Mae Haynes Hendricks was corresponding secretary for Fred Shuttlesworth's Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights from 1956 to 1963. She assisted Wyatt Walker in planning the early portions of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference's involvement in the 1963 Birmingham campaign during the Civil Rights Movement.
Wayne Tippit, American actor (died 2009)
Wayne Tippit was an American television and stage character actor. He was best known to television audiences for playing Ted Adamson on the 1970s and 1980s CBS soap opera, Search for Tomorrow, for five years. He later portrayed Palmer Woodward, the father of Heather Locklear's character, Amanda Woodward, on the Fox primetime soap opera, Melrose Place, during the 1990s.
19/12/1931
Ginger Stanley, American model, actress and stunt woman (died 2023)
Ginger Stanley was an American stuntwoman, model and bit-part actress.
19/12/1930
Anca Giurchescu, Romanian academic (died 2015)
Anca Giurchescu née Ciortea was a Romanian researcher of folk dance, and an ethnochoreologist, one of the founders of the discipline. Born in Bucharest to a family formerly from Translylvania, she lived in that region as a child. Entering university, she studied dance at the National Institute of Physical Education. During her schooling, she participated in competitive target shooting and was a silver (team) and bronze (individual) medalist in the 1955 European Shooting Championship. While still studying, she began working as a researcher at the Folklore Institute and in 1962 became a member of the International Council for Traditional Music. The Council established a working group which included Giurchescu, that laid the foundation for the science of ethnochoreology.
Knut Helle, Norwegian historian and professor (died 2015)
Knut Helle was a Norwegian historian. A professor at the University of Bergen from 1973 to 2000, he specialized in the late medieval history of Norway. He has contributed to several large works.
Wally Olins, English businessman and academic (died 2014)
Wallace Olins CBE was a British practitioner of corporate identity and branding. He co-founded Wolff Olins and Saffron Brand Consultants and was the chairman of both. Olins advised many of the world's leading organisations on identity, branding, communication and related matters including 3i, Akzo Nobel, Repsol, Q8, The Portuguese Tourist Board, BT, Renault, Volkswagen, Tata and Lloyd's of London. He acted as advisor both to McKinsey and Bain. He pioneered the concept of the nation as a brand and has worked on branding projects for a number of cities and countries, including London, Mauritius, Northern Ireland, Poland, Portugal, and Lithuania.
19/12/1929
Bob Brookmeyer, American trombonist, pianist, and composer (died 2011)
Robert Edward "Bob" Brookmeyer was an American jazz valve trombonist, pianist, arranger, and composer. Born in Kansas City, Missouri, Brookmeyer first gained widespread public attention as a member of Gerry Mulligan's quartet from 1954 to 1957. He later worked with Jimmy Giuffre, before rejoining Mulligan's Concert Jazz Band. He received eight Grammy Award nominations during his lifetime.
Gregory Carroll, American singer-songwriter and producer (died 2013)
John Wayne Carroll, usually known as Gregory Carroll or Greg Carroll, was an American R&B singer, songwriter, and record producer. He was a member of several successful vocal harmony or "doo-wop" groups including The Four Buddies and The Orioles, and co-wrote and produced Doris Troy's 1963 hit "Just One Look".
David Douglas, 12th Marquess of Queensberry, Scottish potter
David Harrington Angus Douglas, 12th Marquess of Queensberry is an Anglo-Scottish aristocrat and pottery designer. He is the elder son of Francis Douglas, 11th Marquess of Queensberry, and his only son by his second wife, artist Cathleen Sabine Mann. His maternal grandparents were an interior decorator, Dolly Mann and artist Harrington Mann. He succeeded his father in 1954.
Howard Sackler, American playwright and screenwriter (died 1982)
Howard Oliver Sackler was an American screenwriter and playwright who is best known for having written The Great White Hope and its film adaptation. The Great White Hope enjoyed both a successful run on Broadway and, as a film adaptation, in movie theaters. James Earl Jones and Jane Alexander both starred in the original Arena Stage production of the play in Washington, D.C., then brought their roles to Broadway and later to the film version. Both Jones and Alexander received Academy Award nominations for their work in the movie.
19/12/1928
Eve Bunting, Irish-American author and academic (died 2023)
Eve Bjørgum Bunting, better known as Eve Bunting, was a Northern Irish-born American writer of more than 250 books. Her work covered a broad array of subjects and included fiction and non-fiction books. Her novels are primarily aimed at children and young adults, but she has also written the text for picture books. While many of her books are set in Northern Ireland where she grew up, her topics and settings range from Thanksgiving to riots in Los Angeles. Bunting's first book, The Two Giants, was published in 1971. Due to the popularity of her books with children, she has been listed as one of the Educational Paperback Association's top 100 authors.
Nathan Oliveira, American painter and sculptor (died 2010)
Nathan Oliveira was an American painter, printmaker, and sculptor, born in Oakland, California to immigrant Portuguese parents. Since the late 1950s, Oliveira has been the subject of nearly one hundred solo exhibitions, in addition to having been included in hundreds of group exhibitions in important museums and galleries worldwide. He taught studio art for several decades in California, beginning in the early 1950s, when he taught at the California College of Arts and Crafts in Oakland. After serving as a Visiting Artist at several universities, he became a Professor of Studio Art at Stanford University.
19/12/1927
James Booth, English actor and screenwriter (died 2005)
James Booth was an English film, stage and television actor and screenwriter. He is best known for his role as Private Henry Hook in Zulu.
19/12/1926
Bobby Layne, American football player and coach (died 1986)
Robert Lawrence Layne was an American professional football player who was a quarterback for 15 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Texas Longhorns before being selected by the Pittsburgh Steelers with the third overall pick of the 1948 NFL draft and traded to the Chicago Bears. Layne played one season with the Bears, and then with the New York Bulldogs in 1949, the Detroit Lions from 1950 to 1958, and the Steelers from 1958 to 1962.
Fikret Otyam, Turkish painter and journalist (died 2015)
Fikret Otyam was a Turkish painter and journalist.
19/12/1925
Tankred Dorst, German author and playwright (died 2017)
Tankred Dorst was a German playwright and storyteller.
William Schutz, American psychologist and academic (died 2002)
William Schutz was an American psychologist.
Robert B. Sherman, American songwriter and screenwriter (died 2012)
Robert Bernard Sherman was an American songwriter. Best known for his work in musical films with his brother, Richard M. Sherman, they, known as Sherman brothers, produced more motion picture song scores than any other songwriting team in film history. Some of their songs were incorporated into live action and animation musical films including Mary Poppins, The Happiest Millionaire, The Sword in the Stone, The Jungle Book, The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh, Chitty Chitty Bang Bang, The Slipper and the Rose, and Charlotte's Web. Their best-known work is "It's a Small World " possibly the most-performed song in history.
19/12/1924
Carlo Chiti, Italian engineer (died 1994)
Carlo Chiti was an Italian racing car and engine designer best known for his long association with Alfa Romeo's racing department. He also worked for Ferrari and was involved in the design of the Ferrari 156 Sharknose car, with which Phil Hill won the 1961 championship.
Doug Harvey, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (died 1989)
Douglas Norman Harvey was a Canadian professional hockey defenceman. Widely regarded as one of the greatest defenders in National Hockey League (NHL) history, Harvey was elected to the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1973 and was named one of the 100 Greatest NHL Players in history in 2017. Individually he won the James Norris Memorial Trophy as the best defenceman seven times, and was named to the end of season NHL All-Star team as a First All-Star 10 times. He played from 1947 until 1964, and from 1966 until 1969. Best known for playing with the Montreal Canadiens, Harvey also played for the New York Rangers, Detroit Red Wings, and St. Louis Blues, as well as several teams in the minor leagues. He also served as the player-coach of the Rangers for one season, and served a similar role for the minor-league Kansas City Blues. He was also a coach.
Gary Morton, American comedian and producer (died 1999)
Gary Morton was an American stand-up comedian whose primary venues were hotels and resorts of the Borscht Belt in upstate New York. He was born in New York City, the son of Morris Goldaper and Rose Greenfeder Goldaper, and had a sister, Helen. Later, he was a producer and studio executive, in association with his second wife, Lucille Ball.
Edmund Purdom, British-Italian actor (died 2009)
Edmund Anthony Cutlar Purdom was an English actor, voice artist, and director. He worked first on stage in Britain, performing various works by Shakespeare, then in the United States on Broadway and in Hollywood, and eventually in Italy. He is perhaps best known for his starring role in the 1954 films The Egyptian and The Student Prince.
Michel Tournier, French journalist and author (died 2016)
Michel Tournier was a French writer. He won awards such as the Grand Prix du roman de l'Académie française in 1967 for Friday, or, The Other Island and the Prix Goncourt for The Erl-King in 1970. His inspirations included traditional German culture, Catholicism and the philosophies of Gaston Bachelard. He resided in Choisel and was a member of the Académie Goncourt. His autobiography has been translated and published as The Wind Spirit. He was on occasion in contention for the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Cicely Tyson, American actress (died 2021)
Cecily Louise "Cicely" Tyson was an American actress. In a career spanning seven decades, she portrayed complex and strong-willed African American women. She received several awards including three Emmy Awards, a Peabody Award and a Tony Award, as well as nominations for a BAFTA Award and a Golden Globe Award. She was awarded the Kennedy Center Honors in 2015, the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2016, and the Honorary Academy Award in 2018.
19/12/1923
Robert V. Bruce, American historian and author (died 2008)
Robert Vance Bruce was an American historian specializing in the American Civil War, who won the 1988 Pulitzer Prize for History for his book The Launching of Modern American Science, 1846–1876 (1987). After serving in the Army during World War II, Bruce graduated from the University of New Hampshire, where he earned his Bachelor of Science in mechanical engineering. He received his Master of Arts in history and his Doctor of Philosophy from Boston University, where he was later a professor. He also taught at the University of Bridgeport, Lawrence Academy at Groton, and the University of Wisconsin. Bruce was also a lecturer at the Fortenbaugh Lecture at Gettysburg College.
Gordon Jackson, Scottish-English actor and singer (died 1990)
Gordon Cameron Jackson was a Scottish actor. He is best remembered for his roles as the butler Angus Hudson in Upstairs, Downstairs and as George Cowley, the head of CI5, in The Professionals. He also portrayed Capt Jimmy Cairns in Tunes of Glory, and Flt. Lt. Andrew MacDonald, "Intelligence", in The Great Escape.
19/12/1922
Eamonn Andrews, Irish radio and television host (died 1987)
Eamonn Andrews was an Irish radio and television presenter, employed primarily in the United Kingdom from the 1950s to the 1980s. From 1960 to 1964 he chaired the Radio Éireann Authority, which oversaw the introduction of a state television service in Ireland. He is perhaps best remembered as the UK host of This Is Your Life from its inception in 1955 until his death in 1987.
19/12/1920
Little Jimmy Dickens, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2015)
James Cecil Dickens, better known by his stage name Little Jimmy Dickens, was an American country music singer and songwriter famous for his humorous novelty songs, his small size, and his rhinestone-studded outfits. He started as a member of the Grand Ole Opry in 1948 and was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 1983. Before his death, he was the oldest living member of the Grand Ole Opry.
David Susskind, American talk show host and producer (died 1987)
David Howard Susskind was an American producer of TV, movies, and stage plays and also a TV talk show host. His talk shows were innovative in the genre and addressed timely, controversial topics beyond the scope of others of the day.
19/12/1918
Professor Longhair, American singer-songwriter and pianist (died 1980)
Henry Roeland Byrd, better known as Professor Longhair or "Fess" for short, was an American singer and pianist who performed New Orleans blues. He was active in two distinct periods, first in the heyday of early rhythm and blues and later in the resurgence of interest in traditional jazz after the founding of the New Orleans Jazz and Heritage Festival in 1970. His piano style has been described as "instantly recognizable, combining rumba, mambo, and calypso".
Lee Rich, American producer and production manager (died 2012)
Lee Rich was an American film and television producer, who won the 1973 Outstanding Drama Series Emmy award for The Waltons as the producer. He is also known as the co-founder and former chairman of Lorimar Television.
19/12/1916
Roy Ward Baker, English director and producer (died 2010)
Roy Ward Baker was an English film director.
Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann, German political scientist, journalist, and academic (died 2010)
Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann was a German political scientist. Her most famous contribution is the model of the spiral of silence, detailed in The Spiral of Silence: Public Opinion – Our Social Skin. The model is an explanation of how perceived public opinion can influence individual opinions or actions.
19/12/1915
Édith Piaf, French singer-songwriter and actress (died 1963)
Édith Giovanna Gassion, known as Édith Piaf, was a French singer and lyricist. She is regarded as France's greatest popular singer and one of the most celebrated performers in the world. She is best known for performing songs in the cabaret and modern chanson genres.
Claudia Testoni, Italian hurdler, sprinter, and long jumper (died 1998)
Claudia Testoni, was an Italian hurdler, sprinter and long jumper. She was European champion, in 1938, on 80 metres hurdles. She was born in Bologna and died in Cagliari.
19/12/1914
Mel Shaw, American animator and screenwriter (died 2012)
Mel Shaw was an American animator, design artist, writer, and artist. Shaw was involved in the animation, story design, and visual development of numerous Disney animated films, beginning with Bambi, which was released in 1942. His other animated film credits, usually involving animation design or the story, included The Rescuers in 1977, The Fox and the Hound in 1981, The Black Cauldron in 1985, The Great Mouse Detective in 1986, Beauty and the Beast in 1991, and The Lion King in 1994. He was named a Disney Legend in 2004 for his contributions to The Walt Disney Company.
19/12/1910
Jean Genet, French novelist, playwright, and poet (died 1986)
Jean Genet was a French novelist, playwright, poet, essayist, and political activist. In his early life he was a vagabond and petty criminal, but he later became a writer and playwright. His major works include the novels The Thief's Journal and Our Lady of the Flowers and the plays The Balcony, The Maids and The Screens.
19/12/1909
W. A. Criswell, American pastor and author (died 2002)
Wallie Amos Criswell Jr., was an American Baptist pastor, author, and a two-term elected president of the Southern Baptist Convention from 1968 to 1970. As senior pastor of the First Baptist Church of Dallas for five decades, he became widely known for his biblical expositions as a great expositor and outstanding orator in Southern Baptist preaching at a popular level. He is regarded as a key figure in the late 1970s "Conservative Resurgence" within the Southern Baptist Convention.
19/12/1907
Jimmy McLarnin, Irish-American boxer, actor, and golfer (died 2004)
James Archibald McLarnin was an Irish professional boxer who became a two-time Undisputed Welterweight World Champion and an International Boxing Hall of Fame inductee.
19/12/1906
Leonid Brezhnev, Ukrainian-Russian marshal, engineer, and politician, 4th Head of State of the Soviet Union (died 1982)
Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev was a Soviet politician who served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1964 until his death in 1982. He also held office as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet from 1960 to 1964 and later from 1977 to 1982. His tenure as General Secretary and leader of the Soviet Union was second only to Joseph Stalin's in duration.
19/12/1905
Irving Kahn, American businessman (died 2015)
Irving Kahn was an American investor and philanthropist. He was the oldest living active investor. He was an early disciple of Benjamin Graham, who popularized the value investing methodology. Kahn began his career in 1928 and continued to work until his death. He was chairman of Kahn Brothers Group, Inc., the privately owned investment advisory and broker-dealer firm that he founded with his sons, Thomas and Alan, in 1978.
Giovanni Lurani, Italian race car driver, engineer, and journalist (died 1995)
Giovanni “Johnny” Lurani Cernuschi, VIII Count of Calvenzano was an Italian automobile engineer, racing car driver and journalist.
19/12/1903
George Davis Snell, American geneticist and immunologist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1996)
George Davis Snell NAS was an American mouse geneticist and basic transplant immunologist.
19/12/1902
Ralph Richardson, English actor (died 1983)
Sir Ralph David Richardson was an English actor who, with John Gielgud and Laurence Olivier, was one of the trinity of male actors who dominated the British stage for much of the 20th century. He worked in films throughout most of his career, and played more than sixty cinema roles. From an artistic but not theatrical background, Richardson had no thought of a stage career until a production of Hamlet in Brighton inspired him to become an actor. He learned his craft in the 1920s with a touring company and later the Birmingham Repertory Theatre. In 1931 he joined the Old Vic, playing mostly Shakespearean roles. He led the company the following season, succeeding Gielgud, who had taught him much about stage technique. After he left the company, a series of leading roles took him to stardom in the West End and on Broadway.
19/12/1901
Rudolf Hell, German engineer, invented the Hellschreiber (died 2002)
Rudolf Hell was a German inventor and engineer.
Oliver La Farge, American anthropologist and author (died 1963)
Oliver Hazard Perry La Farge II was an American writer and anthropologist. In 1925 he explored early Olmec sites in Mexico, and later studied additional sites in Central America and the American Southwest. He wrote more than 15 scholarly works on this work, mostly about Native American culture.
Fritz Mauruschat, German footballer and manager (died 1974)
Fritz Mauruschat (1901–1974) was a German football player and manager.
19/12/1899
Martin Luther King Sr., American pastor, missionary, and activist (died 1984)
Martin Luther King, commonly known as Daddy King, was an American Baptist pastor, missionary, and civil rights activist who was an early figure in the civil rights movement. He served as the senior pastor of Atlanta's Ebenezer Baptist Church from 1931 to 1975, and was also the father of the civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr.
19/12/1895
Ingeborg Refling Hagen, Norwegian author and educator (died 1989)
Ingeborg Refling Hagen was a Norwegian author, poet, and artistic director. Her writings and activities in support of the arts made her a significant cultural figure in Norway during much of the 20th century.
19/12/1894
Ford C. Frick, American journalist and businessman (died 1978)
Ford Christopher Frick was an American sportswriter and baseball executive. After working as a teacher and as a sportswriter for the New York American, he served as public relations director of the National League (NL) and then as the league's president from 1934 to 1951. He was the third commissioner of Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1951 to 1965.
19/12/1891
Edward Bernard Raczyński, Polish politician and diplomat, 4th President-in-exile of Poland (died 1993)
Count Edward Bernard Raczyński was a Polish diplomat, writer, and politician who served as President of Poland-in-exile.
19/12/1888
Fritz Reiner, Hungarian-American conductor (died 1963)
Frederick Martin Reiner was an American conductor of opera and symphonic music in the twentieth century. Hungarian born and trained, he emigrated to the United States in 1922, where he rose to prominence as a conductor with several orchestras. He reached the pinnacle of his career while music director of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra in the 1950s and early 1960s.
19/12/1884
Antonín Zápotocký, Czech politician, President of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (died 1957)
Antonín Zápotocký was a Czech communist politician and statesman in Czechoslovakia. He served as the Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia from 1948 to 1953, and then as President of Czechoslovakia from 1953 to 1957.
19/12/1876
Bernard Friedberg, Austrian-Israeli scholar and author (died 1961)
Bernard Friedberg was an Austrian Hebraist, scholar and bibliographer.
19/12/1875
Mileva Marić, Serbian physicist (died 1948)
Mileva Marić, sometimes called Mileva Marić-Einstein, was a Serbian mathematician. She also was the first wife of Albert Einstein from 1903 to 1919. She was the only woman among Einstein's fellow students at Zurich Polytechnic. Marić and Einstein were study colleagues and lovers, and had a daughter Lieserl in 1902, who likely died of scarlet fever at one and a half years old. They later had two sons, Hans Albert and Eduard. The question of whether she contributed to Einstein's early work has been debated.
Carter G. Woodson, American historian and author, founded Black History Month (died 1950)
Carter Godwin Woodson was an American historian, author, journalist, and the founder of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH). He was one of the first scholars to study the history of the Black African diaspora in the United States. A founder of The Journal of Negro History in 1916, Woodson has been called the "father of Black history." In February 1926, he launched the celebration of "Negro History Week," the precursor of Black History Month. Woodson was an important figure to the movement of Afrocentrism, due to his perspective of placing people of Sub-Saharan African descent at the center of the study of history and the human experience.
Grace Marie Bareis, American mathematician (died 1962)
Grace Marie Bareis was an American mathematician and educator who became the first person to receive a doctorate degree in mathematics from Ohio State University. Bareis was an assistant professor at Ohio State University where she taught for 40 years until her eventual retirement in 1946.
19/12/1873
Alphonse Kirchhoffer, French fencer (died 1913)
Simon Alphonse Kirchhoffer was a French fencer who competed in the late 19th century and early 20th century.
19/12/1865
Minnie Maddern Fiske, American actress and playwright (died 1932)
Minnie Maddern Fiske, but often billed simply as Mrs. Fiske, was one of the leading American actresses of the late 19th and early 20th century. She also spearheaded the fight against the Theatrical Syndicate for the sake of artistic freedom. She was widely considered the most important actress on the American stage in the first quarter of the 20th century. Her performances in several Henrik Ibsen plays helped introduce American audiences to the Norwegian playwright. She was also an influential campaigner for improving animal welfare.
19/12/1863
Wallace Bryant, American archer (died 1953)
Wallace Bryant was an American archer who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics. He won the bronze medal in the team competition. In the Double York round he finished fourth and in the Double American round he finished eighth. Bryant was also a famous portrait artist.
19/12/1861
Italo Svevo, Italian author and playwright (died 1928)
Aron Hector Schmitz, better known by the pseudonym Italo Svevo, was an Italian and Austro-Hungarian writer, businessman, novelist, playwright, and short story writer.
19/12/1853
Charles Fitzpatrick, Canadian lawyer and politician, 12th Lieutenant-Governor of Quebec (died 1942)
Sir Charles Fitzpatrick, was a Canadian lawyer and politician who served as Minister of Justice of Canada, as Chief Justice of Canada and then as Lieutenant Governor of Quebec.
19/12/1852
Albert Abraham Michelson, Prussian-American physicist, chemist, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1931)
Albert Abraham Michelson was an American experimental physicist known for his work on measuring the speed of light and especially for the Michelson–Morley experiment. In 1907, he received the Nobel Prize in Physics, becoming the first American to win the Nobel Prize in a science. He was the founder and the first head of the physics departments of the Case School of Applied Science and the University of Chicago.
19/12/1849
Henry Clay Frick, American businessman and financier (died 1919)
Henry Clay Frick was an American industrialist, financier, and art patron. He founded the H. C. Frick & Company coke manufacturing company, and later became chairman of the Carnegie Steel Company. Frick's management of Carnegie Steel was characterized by vehement opposition to unions, a trait reflected most notably by his violent suppression of the Homestead Strike. In the later years of his career as an industrialist, he was instrumental in the founding of U.S. Steel, which became the world's largest steel manufacturer.
19/12/1831
Bernice Pauahi Bishop, American philanthropist (died 1884)
Bernice Pauahi Pākī Bishop was an aliʻi (noble) of the royal family of the Kingdom of Hawaii and a well-known philanthropist.
19/12/1825
George Frederick Bristow, American violinist and composer (died 1898)
George Frederick Bristow was an American composer, conductor, violinist, and educator, born in Brooklyn, New York. A prominent advocate for American classical music during a period of European dominance in U.S. concert life, Bristow worked to promote native composers and establish a national musical identity.
19/12/1820
Mary Livermore, American journalist and activist (died 1905)
Mary Ashton Livermore was an American journalist, abolitionist, and advocate of women's rights. In addition to articles, she published numerous books of poetry, essays, and stories.
19/12/1817
James J. Archer, American lawyer and general (died 1864)
James Jay Archer was a lawyer and an officer in the United States Army during the Mexican–American War. He later served as a brigadier general in the Confederate States Army (CSA) during the American Civil War.
19/12/1797
Antoine Louis Dugès, French obstetrician and naturalist (died 1838)
Antoine Louis Dugès was a French obstetrician and naturalist born in Charleville-Mézières, Ardennes. He was the father of zoologist Alfredo Dugès (1826–1910), and a nephew to midwife Marie-Louise Lachapelle (1769–1821).
19/12/1796
Manuel Bretón de los Herreros, Spanish poet, playwright, and critic (died 1873)
Manuel Bretón de los Herreros was a Spanish dramatist.
19/12/1778
Marie Thérèse of France (died 1851)
Marie-Thérèse was the eldest child of King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette of France, and their only child to reach adulthood. In 1799, she married her cousin Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême, the eldest son of Charles X of France, henceforth becoming the Duchess of Angoulême. She was the only member of her immediate family to survive the French Revolution.
19/12/1714
John Winthrop, American astronomer and educator (died 1779)
John Winthrop was an American mathematician, physicist and astronomer. He was the 2nd Hollis Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy in Harvard College.
19/12/1699
William Bowyer, English printer (died 1777)
William Bowyer was an English printer known as "the learned printer".
19/12/1683
Philip V of Spain (died 1746)
Philip V was king of Spain from 1 November 1700 to 14 January 1724 and again from 6 September 1724 to his death in 1746. His total reign is the longest in the history of the Spanish monarchy, surpassing Philip IV. Although his ascent to the throne precipitated the War of the Spanish Succession, Philip V instigated many important reforms in Spain, most especially the centralization of power of the monarchy and the suppression of regional privileges, via the Nueva Planta decrees, and restructuring of the administration of the Spanish Empire on the Iberian Peninsula and its overseas regions.
19/12/1587
Dorothea Sophia, Abbess of Quedlinburg (died 1645)
Duchess Dorothea Sophia of Saxe-Altenburg was Princess-Abbess of Quedlinburg.
19/12/1554
Philip William, Prince of Orange (died 1618)
Philip William, Prince of Orange was the eldest son of William the Silent by his first wife Anna van Egmont. He became Prince of Orange in 1584 and Knight of the Golden Fleece in 1599.
19/12/1498
Andreas Osiander, German Protestant theologian (died 1552)
Andreas Osiander was a German Lutheran theologian and Protestant reformer.
19/12/1343
William I, Margrave of Meissen (died 1407)
William I, the One-Eyed was Margrave of Meissen. His nickname is related to the legend that Saint Benno appeared to him because of his disputes with the Church in a dream and he had an eye gouged out.
Lives Remembered on 19th December
On 19th December, 91 remarkable people passed away — from 401 to 2024. Remember the lives and legacies of those we lost on this day.
19/12/2024
Michael Leunig, Australian cartoonist (born 1945)
Michael Leunig, typically referred to by his pen name Leunig, was an Australian cartoonist, poet and artist. He was best known for his work for Melbourne's The Age and The Sydney Morning Herald.
Wincey Willis, British broadcaster (born 1948)
Wincey Willis was a British television and radio broadcaster who achieved national fame in the 1980s. She was perhaps best known for being part of the line up at TV-am, the UK's first national operator of a commercial breakfast television franchise, in which she was ITV's first female weather presenter, appearing on Good Morning Britain. She was also known for her adjudicator role in the popular television game show Treasure Hunt.
19/12/2021
Sally Ann Howes, English-American singer and actress (born 1930)
Sally Ann Howes was an English actress and singer, whose career on screen, stage and television spanned six decades. She was best known as a leading lady of musical theatre, both on the West End and on Broadway. She was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Lead Actress in a Musical for her performance in Brigadoon in 1963, and a Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Featured Actress in a Musical for James Joyce's The Dead in 2000. She was also known for portraying Truly Scrumptious in the 1968 film Chitty Chitty Bang Bang.
Johnny Isakson, American politician (born 1944)
John Hardy Isakson was an American businessman and politician who served as a United States senator from Georgia from 2005 until his resignation in 2019 following health concerns. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served in the Georgia legislature and the United States House of Representatives.
19/12/2020
Rosalind Knight, English actress (born 1933)
Rosalind Marie Elliott was an English actress. Her career spanned 70 years on stage, screen, and television. Her film appearances include Blue Murder at St Trinian's (1957), Carry On Nurse (1959), Carry On Teacher (1959), Tom Jones (1963), and About a Boy (2002). Among her TV roles were playing Beryl in the BBC sitcom Gimme Gimme Gimme (1999–2001) and Cynthia Goodman in Friday Night Dinner.
19/12/2016
Andrei Karlov, Russian diplomat, Ambassador to Turkey (born 1954)
Andrei Gennadyevich Karlov was a Russian diplomat who served as the Russian ambassador to Turkey and earlier as the Russian ambassador to North Korea.
19/12/2015
Jimmy Hill, English footballer, manager, and sportscaster (born 1928)
James William Thomas Hill, OBE was an English footballer and later a television personality. His career included almost every role in the sport, including player, trade union leader, coach, manager, director, chairman, television executive, presenter, pundit, analyst and assistant referee.
Greville Janner, Baron Janner of Braunstone, Welsh-English lawyer and politician (born 1928)
Greville Ewan Janner, Baron Janner of Braunstone, was a British politician, barrister and writer. He became a Labour Party Member of Parliament for Leicester in the 1970 general election as a last-minute candidate, succeeding his father. He was an MP until 1997, and then elevated to the House of Lords. Never a frontbencher, Janner was particularly known for his work on Select Committees; he chaired the Select Committee on Employment for a time. He was associated with a number of Jewish organisations including the Board of Deputies of British Jews, of which he was chairman from 1978 to 1984, and was later prominent in the field of education about the Holocaust.
Karin Söder, Swedish educator and politician, 33rd Swedish Minister for Foreign Affairs (born 1928)
Karin Ann-Marie Söder was a Swedish Centre politician. She was the first woman in Sweden to be elected the leader of a major political party. She headed the Swedish Centre Party from 1985 to 1987. She was also one of the first female foreign ministers in the world.
19/12/2014
S. Balasubramanian, Indian journalist and director (born 1936)
S. Balasubramanian better known as S. S. Balan, was an Indian journalist, filmmaker, political analyst, and media executive.
Philip Bradbourn, English lawyer and politician (born 1951)
Philip Charles Bradbourn, was a British Conservative Party politician. He served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the West Midlands from 1999 to 2014.
Arthur Gardner, American actor and producer (born 1910)
Arthur Gardner was an American actor and film producer. He was known for his television western, The Rifleman. He was a voting member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
Igor Rodionov, Russian general and politician, 3rd Russian Minister of Defence (born 1936)
Igor Nikolayevich Rodionov was a Russian general and Duma deputy. He is best known as a hardline politician, and for his service heading the Defence Ministry of the Russian Federation.
Dick Thornton, American-Canadian football player and coach (born 1939)
Richard Quincy "Tricky Dick" Thornton was an American professional football player who played in the Canadian Football League (CFL) as a defensive back and wide receiver for the Winnipeg Blue Bombers and Toronto Argonauts from 1961 to 1972.
Roberta Leigh (Rita Shulman Lewin), British writer, artist and TV producer (born 1926).
Roberta Leigh was an assumed name for Rita Lewin who was a British author, artist, composer and television producer. She wrote romance fiction and children's stories under the pseudonyms Roberta Leigh, Rachel Lindsay, Janey Scott and Rozella Lake.
19/12/2013
Winton Dean, English musicologist and author (born 1916)
Winton Basil Dean was an English musicologist of the 20th century, most famous for his research on the life and works—in particular the operas and oratorios—of George Frideric Handel, as detailed in his book Handel's Dramatic Oratorios and Masques (1959).
Al Goldstein, American publisher and pornographer (born 1936)
Alvin Goldstein was an American pornographer best known for publishing the sex newspaper Screw and normalizing hardcore pornography in the United States.
Ned Vizzini, American author and screenwriter (born 1981)
Edison Price Vizzini was an American writer. He was the author of four books for young adults, including It's Kind of a Funny Story (2006), which NPR placed at #56 in its list of the "100 Best-Ever Teen Novels" and which is the basis of the film of the same name.
19/12/2012
Robert Bork, American lawyer, judge, and scholar, United States Attorney General (born 1927)
Robert Heron "Bob" Bork was an American legal scholar who served as solicitor general of the United States from 1973 until 1977. A law professor by training, he was acting United States Attorney General from 1973 to 1974 and a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit from 1982 to 1988. In 1987, President Ronald Reagan nominated Bork to the U.S. Supreme Court, but the Senate rejected his nomination after a contentious and highly publicized confirmation hearing.
Amnon Lipkin-Shahak, Israeli general and politician, 22nd Transportation Minister of Israel (born 1944)
Amnon Lipkin-Shahak was an Israeli military officer and politician. He served as Chief of Staff of the Israel Defense Forces, as a Member of the Knesset, and as Minister of Transportation and Minister of Tourism.
Larry Morris, American football player (born 1933)
Larry Cleo Morris was an American professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL), primarily with the Chicago Bears. The 1950 graduate of Decatur High School became an All-American playing college football for the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets before his NFL career. "The Brahma Bull" was named one of the linebackers on the NFL 1960s All-Decade Team.
Peter Struck, German lawyer and politician, 13th German Federal Minister of Defence (born 1943)
Peter Struck was the German Minister of Defence under chancellor Gerhard Schröder from 2002 to 2005. A lawyer, Struck was a member of the Social Democratic Party.
19/12/2010
Anthony Howard, English journalist and author (born 1934)
Anthony Michell Howard, CBE was a British journalist, broadcaster and writer. He was the editor of the New Statesman and The Listener and the deputy editor of The Observer. He selected the passages used in The Crossman Diaries, a book of entries taken from Richard Crossman's The Diaries of a Cabinet Minister.
19/12/2009
Kim Peek, American megasavant (born 1951)
Laurence Kim Peek was an American savant. Known as a "megasavant", he had an exceptional memory and exceptional intelligence, but he also experienced social difficulties, possibly resulting from a developmental disability related to congenital brain abnormalities. He was the inspiration for the character Raymond Babbitt in the 1988 movie Rain Man. Although Peek was previously diagnosed with autism, he is now thought to have had FG syndrome.
19/12/2008
James Bevel, American minister and activist (born 1936)
James Luther Bevel was an American minister and a leader and major strategist of the 1960s Civil Rights Movement. As a member of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), and then as its director of direct action and nonviolent education, he initiated, strategized, and developed SCLC's three major successes of the era: the 1963 Birmingham Children's Crusade, the 1965 Selma voting rights movement, and the 1966 Chicago open housing movement. Bevel suggested that SCLC call for and join a March on Washington in 1963 and strategized the 1965 Selma to Montgomery marches which contributed to Congressional passage of the 1965 Voting Rights Act.
Carol Chomsky, American linguist and educator (born 1930)
Carol Doris Chomsky was an American linguist and education specialist who studied language acquisition in children.
Michael Connell, American political consultant (born 1963)
Michael Louis Connell was a high-level Republican consultant who was subpoenaed in a case regarding alleged tampering with the 2004 U.S. presidential election and a case involving thousands of missing emails pertaining to the political firing of U.S. Attorneys. Connell was killed when the plane he was flying crashed on December 19, 2008.
Dock Ellis, American baseball player and coach (born 1945)
Dock Phillip Ellis Jr. was an American professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball as a right-handed pitcher from 1968 through 1979, most notably as a member of the Pittsburgh Pirates teams that won five National League Eastern Division titles in six years between 1970 and 1975 and won the World Series in 1971. Ellis also played for the New York Yankees, Oakland Athletics, Texas Rangers and New York Mets. In his MLB career, Ellis accumulated a 138–119 (.537) record, a 3.46 earned run average, and 1,136 strikeouts.
19/12/2005
Vincent Gigante, American mobster (born 1927)
Vincent Louis Gigante, also known as "Chin", was an American mobster who was boss of the Genovese crime family of New York City between 1981 and 2005.
19/12/2004
Herbert C. Brown, English-American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1912)
Herbert Charles Brown was an American chemist and recipient of the 1979 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work with organoboranes.
Renata Tebaldi, Italian soprano and actress (born 1922)
Renata Tebaldi was an Italian lirico-spinto soprano popular in the post-war period, and especially prominent as one of the stars of La Scala, San Carlo and, especially, the Metropolitan Opera. Often considered among the great opera singers of the 20th century, she focused primarily on the verismo roles of the lyric and dramatic repertoires. Italian conductor Arturo Toscanini called her voice la voce d'angelo, and La Scala music director Riccardo Muti called her "one of the greatest performers with one of the most extraordinary voices in the field of opera."
19/12/2003
Peter Carter-Ruck, English lawyer, founded Carter-Ruck (born 1914)
Peter Frederick Carter-Ruck was an English solicitor, specialising in libel cases. The firm he founded, Carter-Ruck, is still practising.
Hope Lange, American actress (born 1933)
Hope Elise Ross Lange was an American film, stage, and television actress. She was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress and the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her portrayal of Selena Cross in the 1957 film Peyton Place. In 1969 and 1970, she twice won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series for her role as Carolyn Muir in the sitcom The Ghost & Mrs. Muir.
19/12/2002
Will Hoy, English race car driver (born 1952)
William Ewing Hoy was a British racing driver and the 1991 British Touring Car Champion, the highlight of a 20-year career in motor racing.
Arthur Rowley, English footballer and manager (born 1926)
George Arthur Rowley Jr., nicknamed "The Gunner" because of his explosive left-foot shot, was an English football player and cricketer. He holds the record for the most goals in the history of English league football, scoring 434 from 619 league games. He was the younger brother of Manchester United footballer Jack Rowley. He was shortlisted for inclusion into the English Football Hall of Fame in 2008.
George Weller, American author, playwright, and journalist (born 1907)
George Anthony Weller was an American novelist, playwright, and journalist for The New York Times and Chicago Daily News. He won a 1943 Pulitzer Prize as a Daily News war correspondent.
19/12/2000
Rob Buck, American guitarist and songwriter (born 1958)
Robert Norman Buck was an American guitarist and founding member of the alternative rock band 10,000 Maniacs. Buck co-wrote some of the most successful songs recorded by 10,000 Maniacs, including "What's the Matter Here", "Hey Jack Kerouac", and "These Are Days".
Milt Hinton, American bassist and photographer (born 1910)
Milton John Hinton was an American double bassist and photographer.
John Lindsay, American lawyer and politician, 103rd Mayor of New York City (born 1921)
John Vliet Lindsay was an American politician and lawyer. During his political career, Lindsay was a U.S. congressman, the mayor of New York City, and a candidate for U.S. president. He was also a regular guest host of Good Morning America. Lindsay served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from January 1959 to December 1965 and as mayor of New York from January 1966 to December 1973.
19/12/1999
Desmond Llewelyn, Welsh soldier and actor (born 1914)
Desmond Wilkinson Llewelyn was a Welsh actor. He was best known for his role as Q, MI6's quartermaster, in 17 of the Eon-produced James Bond films between 1963 and 1999.
19/12/1998
Mel Fisher, American treasure hunter (born 1922)
Mel Fisher was an American treasure hunter who spent decades treasure hunting in the Florida Keys and is best known for finding the 1622 wreck of the Nuestra Señora de Atocha in the 1980s.
19/12/1997
Sara Northrup Hollister, American occultist (born 1924)
Sara Elizabeth Bruce Northrup Hollister was an American occultist and second wife of Scientology founder L. Ron Hubbard. She played a major role in the creation of Dianetics, which evolved into the religious movement Scientology. Hubbard would evolve into the leader of the Church of Scientology.
Masaru Ibuka, Japanese businessman, co-founded Sony (born 1908)
Masaru Ibuka was a Japanese electronics industrialist and co-founder of Sony, along with Akio Morita.
Jimmy Rogers, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1924)
Jay or James Arthur "Jimmy" Rogers was an American Chicago blues singer, guitarist and harmonica player, best known for his work as a member of Muddy Waters's band in the early 1950s. He also had a solo career and recorded several popular blues songs, including "That's All Right", "Chicago Bound", "Walking by Myself", and "Rock This House". He withdrew from the music industry at the end of the 1950s, but returned to recording and touring in the 1970s.
19/12/1996
Marcello Mastroianni, Italian-French actor and singer (born 1924)
Marcello Vincenzo Domenico Mastroianni was an Italian actor. He is generally regarded as one of Italy's most iconic male performers of the 20th century. He played leading roles for many of the country's top directors, in a career spanning 147 films between 1939 and 1996, garnering many international honours including two BAFTA Awards, two Cannes Film Festival Awards for Best Actor, two Volpi Cups, two Golden Globes, and three Academy Award nominations.
19/12/1993
Michael Clarke, American drummer (born 1946)
Michael Clarke was an American musician, best known as the drummer for rock group the Byrds from 1964 to 1968. Clarke was later an original for country rock group The Flying Burrito Brothers (1969–1971) and rock group Firefall (1974–1980).
19/12/1989
Stella Gibbons, English journalist, author, and poet (born 1902)
Stella Dorothea Gibbons was an English author, journalist, and poet. She established her reputation with her first novel, Cold Comfort Farm (1932), which has been reprinted many times. Although she was active as a writer for half a century, none of her later 22 novels or other literary works—which included a sequel to Cold Comfort Farm—achieved the same critical or popular success. Much of her work was long out of print before a modest revival in the 21st century.
Kirill Mazurov, Belarusian Soviet politician (born 1914)
Kirill Trofimovich Mazurov was a Soviet partisan, politician, and one of the leaders of the Belarusian resistance during World War II who governed the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic as First Secretary of the Communist Party of Byelorussia from 1956 until 1965, when he became a member of the Politburo of the CPSU.
19/12/1988
Robert Bernstein, American author and playwright (born 1919)
Robert Bernstein, sometimes credited as R. Berns, was an American comic book writer, playwright and concert impresario, notable as the founder of the Island Concert Hall recital series which ran for 15 years on Long Island.
Win Maw Oo, Burmese student activist (born 1971)
Win Maw Oo was a Burmese student activist who was killed during the 8888 Uprising in Burma (Myanmar). She is considered one of the most prominent heroes of Burma's pro-democracy movement.
19/12/1987
August Mälk, Estonian author, playwright, and politician (born 1900)
August Mälk was an Estonian writer and politician.
19/12/1986
V. C. Andrews, American author (born 1923)
Cleo Virginia Andrews, better known as Virginia C. Andrews or V. C. Andrews, was an American novelist. She was best known for her 1979 novel Flowers in the Attic, which inspired two movie adaptations and four sequels. While her novels are not classified by her publisher as Young Adult, their young protagonists have made them popular among teenagers for decades. After her death in 1986, a ghostwriter who was initially hired to complete two unfinished works has continued to publish books under her name.
Werner Dankwort, Russian-German colonel and diplomat (born 1895)
Carl Werner Dankwort born in Gumbinnen, East Prussia, was a German diplomat who served a major role in bringing Germany into the League of Nations in 1926 prior to representing the German contingent in the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation, the post-World War II effort known as the Marshall Plan.
19/12/1984
Joy Ridderhof, American missionary (born 1903)
Joy F. Ridderhof was an American missionary.
19/12/1982
Dwight Macdonald, American philosopher, author, and critic (born 1906)
Dwight Macdonald was an American writer, critic, philosopher, and activist. Macdonald was a member of the New York Intellectuals and editor of their leftist magazine Partisan Review for six years. He also contributed to other New York publications including Time, The New Yorker, The New York Review of Books, and Politics, a journal which he founded in 1944.
19/12/1976
Giuseppe Caselli, Italian painter (born 1893)
Giuseppe Ugo Caselli was an Italian painter.
19/12/1972
Ahmet Emin Yalman, Turkish journalist, author, and academic (born 1888)
Ahmet Emin Yalman was a Turkish journalist, publisher, professor and influential policy-advisor in the Republic of Turkey. He was a liberal and opposed the spread of the Nazi ideology in his home country.
19/12/1968
Norman Thomas, American minister and politician (born 1884)
Norman Mattoon Thomas was an American Presbyterian minister, political activist, and perennial candidate for president. He achieved fame as a socialist and pacifist, and was the Socialist Party of America's candidate for president in six consecutive elections between 1928 and 1948.
19/12/1953
Robert Andrews Millikan, American physicist and eugenicist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1868)
Robert Andrews Millikan was an American experimental physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1923 "for his work on the elementary charge of electricity and on the photoelectric effect."
19/12/1946
Paul Langevin, French physicist and academic (born 1872)
Paul Langevin was a French physicist who developed Langevin dynamics and the Langevin equation. He was one of the founders of the Comité de vigilance des intellectuels antifascistes, an anti-fascist organization created after the 6 February 1934 far right riots. Being a public opponent of fascism in the 1930s resulted in his arrest and being held under house arrest by the Vichy government for most of World War II. Langevin was also president of the Human Rights League (LDH) from 1944 to 1946, having recently joined the French Communist Party.
19/12/1944
Abbas II of Egypt (born 1874)
Abbas Helmy II was the last Khedive of Egypt and the Sudan, ruling from 8 January 1892 to 19 December 1914. In 1914, after the Ottoman Empire joined the Central Powers in World War I, the nationalist Khedive was removed by the British, then ruling Egypt, in favour of his more pro-British uncle, Hussein Kamel, marking the de jure end of Egypt's four-century era as a province of the Ottoman Empire, which had begun in 1517.
Rudolph Karstadt, German businessman (born 1856)
Rudolph Karstadt was a German entrepreneur.
19/12/1940
Kyösti Kallio, Finnish politician, the 4th President of Finland (born 1873)
Kyösti Kallio was a Finnish politician who served as the president of Finland from 1937 to 1940. His presidency included leading the country through the Winter War; while he relinquished the post of commander-in-chief to Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim, he played a role as a spiritual leader. After the war, he became both the first president of Finland to resign and the only one to die in office, dying of a heart attack while returning home after submitting his resignation.
19/12/1938
Stephen Warfield Gambrill, American lawyer and politician (born 1873)
Stephen Warfield Gambrill was an American politician.
19/12/1933
George Jackson Churchward, English engineer and businessman (born 1857)
George Jackson Churchward was an English railway engineer, and was chief mechanical engineer of the Great Western Railway (GWR) in the United Kingdom from 1902 to 1922.
19/12/1932
Yun Bong-gil, South Korean activist (born 1908)
Yun Bong-gil was a Korean independence activist. His art name is Maeheon (매헌). He is most notable for his role in the Hongkou Park Incident, in which he set off a bomb that killed two Japanese colonial government and army officials in Shanghai's Hongkou Park in 1932. He was posthumously awarded the Republic of Korea Medal of Order of Merit for National Foundation in 1962 by the South Korean government.
19/12/1927
Ashfaqulla Khan, Indian activist (born 1900)
Ashfaqulla Khan was a freedom fighter and martyr in the Indian independence movement against British rule, and the co-founder of the Hindustan Republican Association, later to become the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association.
Ram Prasad Bismil, Indian poet and activist (born 1897)
Pandit Ram Prasad Bismil was an Indian poet, writer, and revolutionary who fought against British Raj, participating in the Mainpuri Conspiracy of 1918, and the Kakori Conspiracy of 1925. He composed in Urdu and Hindi under pen names Ram, Agyat अज्ञात (anonymous) and Bismil (wounded), becoming widely known under the latter. "Bismil" was not his real surname; it was his pen name. Pandit was an honorific title rather than a family surname conferred to him due to his specialised knowledge on several subjects. He was also a translator.
19/12/1916
Thibaw Min, Burmese king (born 1859)
Thibaw Min, also Thebaw, was the last king of the Konbaung dynasty of Burma (Myanmar) and also the last Burmese monarch in the country's history. His reign ended when the Royal Burmese armed forces were defeated by the forces of the British Empire in the Third Anglo-Burmese War, on 29 November 1885, prior to its official annexation on 1 January 1886.
19/12/1915
Alois Alzheimer, German psychiatrist and neuropathologist (born 1864)
Alois Alzheimer was a German psychiatrist, neuropathologist and colleague of Emil Kraepelin. He is credited with identifying the first published case of "presenile dementia", which Kraepelin later identified as Alzheimer's disease.
19/12/1899
Henry Ware Lawton, American general (born 1843)
Henry Ware Lawton was a U.S. Army officer who served with distinction in the Civil War, the Apache Wars, and the Spanish–American War. He received the Medal of Honor for heroism during the American Civil War. He was the only U.S. general officer to be killed during the Philippine–American War and the first general officer of the United States killed in overseas action. The city of Lawton, Oklahoma, takes its name from General Lawton, as does a borough in the city of Havana, Cuba. Liwasang Bonifacio in downtown Manila was formerly named Plaza Lawton in his honor.
19/12/1878
Bayard Taylor, American author and poet (born 1825)
Bayard Taylor was an American poet, literary critic, translator, travel author, and diplomat. As a poet, he was very popular, with a crowd of more than 4,000 attending a poetry reading once, which was a record that stood for 85 years. His travelogues were popular in both the United States and Great Britain. He served in diplomatic posts in Russia and Prussia.
19/12/1851
Joseph Mallord William Turner, English painter (born 1775)
Joseph Mallord William Turner, known in his time as William Turner, was an English Romantic painter, printmaker and watercolourist. He is known for his expressive colouring, imaginative landscapes and turbulent, often violent marine paintings. His artistic style developed over his lifetime, moving away from Romanticism—bypassing the following rising style of Realism—and, instead, with his later works being a significant precursor of and presaging the later Impressionist and Abstract Art movements that arose in the decades after his death. He left behind more than 550 oil paintings, 2,000 watercolours, and 30,000 works on paper. He was championed by the leading English art critic John Ruskin from 1840, and is today regarded as having elevated landscape painting to an eminence rivalling history painting. In 1969 art historian Kenneth Clark wrote of Turner: "He was a genius of the first order—far the greatest painter that England has ever produced..."
19/12/1848
Emily Brontë, English novelist and poet (born 1818)
Emily Jane Brontë was an English writer best known for her 1847 novel Wuthering Heights. She also co-authored a book of poetry with her sisters Charlotte and Anne entitled Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell.
19/12/1819
Thomas Fremantle, English admiral and politician (born 1765)
Vice-Admiral of the Blue Sir Thomas Francis Fremantle, 1st Baron Fremantle, was a Royal Navy officer and politician who served in the American War of Independence and French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. During his career, Fremantle fought in three separate fleet actions, formed a close friendship with Horatio Nelson and was granted an Austrian barony. He was the father of Sir Charles Fremantle, after whom the city Fremantle in Western Australia is named.
19/12/1813
James McGill, Scottish-Canadian businessman and philanthropist, founded McGill University (born 1744)
James McGill was a Scottish-born businessman, politician, slaveholder, and philanthropist best known for being the founder of McGill University in Montreal, Quebec. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada for Montreal West and appointed to the Executive Council of Lower Canada in 1792. He was an honorary lieutenant colonel of the 1st Battalion, Montreal Militia, a predecessor unit of The Canadian Grenadier Guards. He was also a prominent member of the Château Clique and one of the original founding members of the Beaver Club. His summer home stood within the Golden Square Mile.
19/12/1807
Friedrich Melchior, Baron von Grimm, German-French author and playwright (born 1723)
Friedrich Melchior, Baron von Grimm was a German-born French-language journalist, art critic, diplomat and contributor to the Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers. In 1765 Grimm wrote Poème lyrique, an influential article for the Encyclopédie on lyric and opera librettos. Like Christoph Willibald Gluck and Ranieri de' Calzabigi, Grimm became interested in opera reform. According to Martin Fontius, a German literary theorist, "sooner or later a book entitled The Aesthetic Ideas of Grimm will have to be written."
19/12/1749
Francesco Antonio Bonporti, Italian priest and composer (born 1672)
Francesco Antonio Bonporti was an Italian priest and amateur composer.
19/12/1745
Jean-Baptiste van Loo, French painter (born 1684)
Jean-Baptiste van Loo was a French portrait painter.
19/12/1741
Vitus Bering, Danish-born Russian explorer (born 1681)
Vitus Jonassen Bering, also known as Ivan Ivanovich Bering, was a Danish-born Russian cartographer, explorer, and officer in the Russian Navy. He is known as a leader of two Russian expeditions, the First Kamchatka Expedition and the Great Northern Expedition, exploring the northeastern coast of the Asian continent and from there the western coast of the North American continent. The Bering Strait, the Bering Sea, Bering Island, the Bering Glacier, and Vitus Lake were all named in his honor.
19/12/1637
Christina of Lorraine, Grand Duchess consort of Tuscany (born 1565)
Christina of Lorraine was a noblewoman of the House of Lorraine who became a Grand Duchess of Tuscany by marriage. She served as Regent of Tuscany jointly with her daughter-in-law during the minority of her grandson from 1621 to 1628.
19/12/1558
Cornelius Grapheus, Flemish writer (born 1482)
Cornelius Grapheus, Latinized from Cornelis De Schrijver, was a secretary to the city of Antwerp and writer.
19/12/1442
Elizabeth of Luxembourg (born 1409)
Elizabeth of Luxembourg was queen consort of Hungary, queen consort of Germany and Bohemia.
19/12/1385
Bernabò Visconti, Lord of Milan (born 1319)
Bernabò or Barnabò Visconti was an Italian soldier and statesman who was Lord of Milan. Along with his brothers Matteo and Galeazzo II, he inherited the lordship of Milan from his uncle Giovanni. Later in 1355, he and Galeazzo II were rumored to have murdered their brother Matteo since he endangered the regime. When Galeazzo II died, he shared Milan's lordship with his nephew Gian Galeazzo. Bernabò was said to be ruthless towards his subjects and did not hesitate to face emperors and popes, including Pope Urban V. The conflict with the Church caused him several excommunications. On 6 May 1385, his nephew Gian Galeazzo deposed him. Imprisoned in his castle, Trezzo sull'Adda, he died a few months later, presumably from poisoning.
19/12/1370
Pope Urban V (born 1310)
Pope Urban V was head of the Catholic Church from 28 September 1362 until his death on 19 December 1370. He was a member of the Order of Saint Benedict and the only Avignon pope to be beatified.
19/12/1327
Agnes of France, Duchess of Burgundy (born 1260)
Agnes of France was Duchess of Burgundy by marriage to Robert II, Duke of Burgundy. She served as regent of Burgundy during the minority of her son's reign in 1306–1311.
19/12/1123
Saint Berardo, Italian bishop and saint
Berardo is an Italian saint, patron saint of the city and diocese of Teramo.
19/12/1111
Al-Ghazali, Persian jurist, philosopher, theologian, and mystic (born 1058)
Al-Ghazali, (Persian: ابو حامد محمد ابن محمد غزالی توسی, romanized: Abū Ḥāmid Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad Ghazālī Ṭūsi, Latinized as Algazelus, was a Shafi'i Sunni Muslim Persian scholar and polymath. He is known as one of the most prominent and influential jurisconsults, legal theoreticians, muftis, philosophers, theologians, logicians and mystics in Islamic history.
19/12/1091
Adelaide of Susa, margravine of Turin
Adelaide of Susa was the countess of part of the March of Ivrea and the Marchioness of Turin in Northwestern Italy from 1034 to her death. She was the last of the Arduinici. She is sometimes compared to her second cousin and close contemporary, Matilda of Tuscany.
19/12/0966
Sancho I, king of León
Sancho I of León, nicknamed Sancho the Fat was a king of León twice. He was succeeded in 958 by Ordoño IV and, on his death, by his son Ramiro.
19/12/0401
Pope Anastasius I
Pope Anastasius I was the bishop of Rome from 27 November 399 to his death on 19 December 401.
Celebrations & Special Days Worldwide on 19th December
Christian feast day: Lillian Trasher (Episcopal Church)
Lillian Hunt Trasher was an American Christian missionary to Asyut, Egypt, as well as the founder of the first orphanage in Egypt. She is famed as the "Nile Mother" of Egypt.
Christian feast day: O Radix
The O Antiphons are antiphons used at Vespers during the Magnificat on the last seven days of Advent in Western Christian traditions. They likely date to sixth-century Italy, when Boethius refers to the text in The Consolation of Philosophy. They subsequently became one of the key musical features of the days leading up to Christmas.
Christian feast day: Pope Anastasius I
Pope Anastasius I was the bishop of Rome from 27 November 399 to his death on 19 December 401.
Christian feast day: Pope Urban V
Pope Urban V was head of the Catholic Church from 28 September 1362 until his death on 19 December 1370. He was a member of the Order of Saint Benedict and the only Avignon pope to be beatified.
Christian feast day: December 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
December 18 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - December 20
Christian feast day: Saint Nicholas Day
Saint Nicholas Day, also called the Feast of Saint Nicholas, observed on 6 December in Western Christian countries, and on 19 December in Eastern Christian countries using the old church Calendar, is the feast day of Saint Nicholas of Myra; it falls within the season of Advent. It is celebrated as a Christian festival with particular regard to Saint Nicholas' reputation as a bringer of gifts, as well as through the attendance of church services.
Goa Liberation Day (Goa, India)
Goa Liberation Day is observed annually on 19 December in Goa, India. It is celebrated to mark the Indian annexation of Goa from the Portuguese government in 1961, after which India was free of any European rule.
National Heroes and Heroines Day (Anguilla)
Holidays in Anguilla are predominantly religious holidays, with a number of additional national holidays. The most important holiday in the Territory is Separation day, which celebrates the separation of the island from Saint Kitts and Nevis.
What Happened on 19th December?
51 significant events took place on Tuesday, 19th December — stretching from 653 to 2016. Explore the moments that shaped history on this day.
19/12/2016
Russian ambassador to Turkey Andrei Karlov is assassinated while at an art exhibition in Ankara. The assassin, Mevlüt Mert Altıntaş, is shot and killed by a Turkish guard.
Andrei Gennadyevich Karlov was a Russian diplomat who served as the Russian ambassador to Turkey and earlier as the Russian ambassador to North Korea.
A vehicular attack in Berlin, Germany, kills 12 and injures 56 people at a Christmas market.
On 19 December 2016, a truck was deliberately driven into the Christmas market next to the Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church at Breitscheidplatz in Berlin, leaving 12 people dead and 56 others injured. One of the victims was the truck's original driver, Łukasz Urban, who was shot dead hours before the attack. The truck was eventually stopped by its automatic brakes. The perpetrator was 24-year-old Anis Amri, an unsuccessful asylum seeker from Tunisia. Four days after the attack, he was killed in a shootout with police near Milan in Italy. An initial suspect was arrested and later released due to lack of evidence. Nearly five years after the attack, a man who was critically injured during the attack died from complications related to his wounds, becoming the 13th victim. The attack is the deadliest act of terror in Germany since the 1980 Oktoberfest bombing in Munich, which killed 13 people and injured 211 others, and as of December 2023, it remains the worst Islamist terrorist attack by number of casualties in German history.
19/12/2013
Spacecraft Gaia is launched by the European Space Agency.
Gaia is a retired space observatory of the European Space Agency (ESA) that was launched in 2013 and operated until March 2025. The spacecraft was designed for astrometry: measuring the positions, distances and motions of stars with unprecedented precision, and the positions of exoplanets by measuring attributes about the stars they orbit such as their apparent magnitude and colour. As of 2026, the mission data processing continues, aiming to construct the largest and most precise 3D space catalogue ever made, totalling approximately 1 billion astronomical objects, mainly stars, but also planets, comets, asteroids and quasars, among others.
19/12/2012
Park Geun-hye is elected the first female president of South Korea.
Park Geun-hye is a South Korean politician who served as the 11th president of South Korea from 2013 until her removal from office in 2017. A member of then Saenuri Party and the eldest daughter of the third president, Park Chung Hee, she was the first woman in the country and the first in East Asia to be elected as head of state. Park previously served as the acting first lady of South Korea under her father's presidency from 1974 until her father's assassination in 1979.
19/12/2005
Chalk's Ocean Airways Flight 101 crashes into the Government Cut channel immediately after takeoff from Miami Seaplane Base, killing 20.
Chalk's Ocean Airways Flight 101 was an aircraft that crashed off Miami Beach, Florida, in the United States on December 19, 2005. All 18 passengers and both of the crew members on board the 1947 Grumman G-73T Turbo Mallard died in the crash, which was attributed to metal fatigue on the starboard wing resulting in separation of the wing from the fuselage.
A passenger train from Sucha Beskidzka to Żywiec in Poland loses its brakes while on a steep downhill part of the route. It is stopped in a controlled collision in Świnna by a train travelling in opposite direction. 2 drivers and 6 passengers are injured.
Sucha Beskidzka, known simply as Sucha before 1964, is a town in the Żywiec Beskids mountain range in southern Poland, on the Skawa river. It is the county seat of Sucha County. Sucha Beskidzka has been in Lesser Poland Voivodeship since 1999. It was in Bielsko-Biała Voivodeship from 1975 to 1998.
19/12/2001
Argentine economic crisis: December riots: Riots erupt in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
The 1998–2002 Argentine great depression was an economic depression in Argentina, which began in the third quarter of 1998 and lasted until the second quarter of 2002. It followed fifteen years of stagnation and a brief period of free-market reforms. The depression, which began after the Russian and Brazilian financial crises, caused widespread unemployment, riots, the fall of the government, a default on the country's foreign debt, the rise of alternative currencies and the end of the peso's fixed exchange rate to the US dollar. The economy shrank by 28 per cent from 1998 to 2002. In terms of income, over 50 per cent of Argentines lived below the official poverty line and 25 per cent were indigent ; seven out of ten Argentine children were poor at the depth of the crisis in 2002.
19/12/1999
Space Shuttle Discovery is launched on STS-103, the third Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission.
Space Shuttle Discovery is a retired American Space Shuttle orbiter. The spaceplane was one of the orbiters from NASA's Space Shuttle program and the third of five fully operational orbiters to be built. Its first mission, STS-41-D, flew from August 30 to September 5, 1984. Over 27 years of service it launched and landed 39 times, aggregating more spaceflights than any other spacecraft as of December 2024. The Space Shuttle launch vehicle had three main components: the Space Shuttle orbiter, a single-use central fuel tank, and two reusable solid rocket boosters. Nearly 25,000 heat-resistant tiles cover the orbiter to protect it from high temperatures on re-entry.
19/12/1998
President Bill Clinton is impeached by the United States House of Representatives, becoming the second president of the United States to be impeached.
William Jefferson Clinton is an American former politician and lawyer who served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as the attorney general of Arkansas from 1977 to 1979 and as the governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981, and again from 1983 to 1992. His centrist "Third Way" political philosophy became known as Clintonism, which dominated his presidency and the succeeding decades of Democratic Party history.
19/12/1997
SilkAir Flight 185 crashes into the Musi River, near Palembang in Indonesia, killing 104.
SilkAir Flight 185 was a scheduled international passenger flight operated by a Boeing 737-300 from Soekarno–Hatta International Airport in Jakarta, Indonesia to Changi Airport in Singapore that crashed into the Musi River near Palembang, Sumatra, on 19 December 1997, killing all 97 passengers and 7 crew members on board.
19/12/1995
The United States Government restores federal recognition to the Nottawaseppi Huron Band of Potawatomi Native American tribe.
The Nottawaseppi Huron Band of Potawatomi (NHBP) is a federally-recognized tribe of Potawatomi in the United States. The tribe achieved federal recognition on December 19, 1995, and currently has approximately 1,500 members.
19/12/1986
Mikhail Gorbachev, leader of the Soviet Union, releases Andrei Sakharov and his wife from exile in Gorky.
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev was a Soviet and Russian politician who was the last leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 until the country's dissolution in 1991. He served as General Secretary of the Communist Party from 1985, and additionally as head of state from 1988. Ideologically, he initially adhered to Marxism–Leninism, but moved towards social democracy by the early 1990s.
19/12/1985
Aeroflot Flight 101/435 is hijacked to China by its first officer.
Aeroflot Flight 101/435 was a Soviet domestic passenger flight that was hijacked by its co-pilot, Shamil Alimuradov, on 19 December 1985, en route from Takhtamygda to Chita. Armed with a hatchet, Alimuradov demanded that captain Vyacheslav Abramyan divert the Antonov An-24 aircraft to China. Soviet officials authorized the crew to land in China, and gave Abramyan the radio frequency of Qiqihar Airport, but Alimuradov demanded that Abramayan fly to Hailar instead. The aircraft ran out of fuel, and landed in a cow pasture. Alimuradov was apprehended by the Chinese, and the passengers were allowed to travel to Hailar and Harbin. On 21 December, the crew and all 46 passengers returned safely to the Soviet Union.
19/12/1984
The Sino-British Joint Declaration, stating that China would resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong and the United Kingdom would restore Hong Kong to China with effect from July 1, 1997, is signed in Beijing by Deng Xiaoping and Margaret Thatcher.
The Sino-British Joint Declaration was a treaty signed in 1984 between the governments of China and the United Kingdom which set the conditions in which Hong Kong was transferred to Chinese control and for the governance of the territory after 1 July 1997.
19/12/1983
The original FIFA World Cup trophy, the Jules Rimet Trophy, is stolen from the headquarters of the Brazilian Football Confederation in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
The FIFA World Cup is an international association football competition among the senior men's national teams of the members of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The tournament has been held every four years since the inaugural tournament in 1930, with the exception of 1942 and 1946 due to World War II. The reigning champions are Argentina, who won their third title at the 2022 World Cup by defeating France.
19/12/1981
Sixteen lives are lost when the Penlee lifeboat goes to the aid of the stricken coaster Union Star in heavy seas.
The Penlee lifeboat disaster occurred on 19 December 1981 off the coast of Cornwall, England. The Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) lifeboat Solomon Browne, based at the Penlee Lifeboat Station near Mousehole, went to the aid of the vessel Union Star after its engines failed in heavy seas. After the lifeboat had rescued four people, both vessels were lost with all hands. Sixteen people died, including eight volunteer lifeboatmen.
19/12/1977
The Ms 5.8 Bob–Tangol earthquake strikes Kerman Province in Iran, destroying villages and killing 665 people.
The 1977 Bob–Tangol earthquake struck Kerman province of Iran on December 20, 1977, at 03:04 Iran Standard Time. The earthquake measured Mw 5.9 and struck at a depth of 22.7 km (14.1 mi). A maximum Modified Mercalli intensity of VII was evaluated based on damage. It had a strike-slip focal mechanism, which was unusual as the source structure was a thrust fault. It was part of a sequence of strong earthquakes along the 400 km (250 mi) Kuh Banan Fault. Between 584 and 665 people perished while a further 500–1,000 were injured; thousands were also made homeless. Casualties from the earthquake was considered moderate due to the sparsely populated area it affected. Preceded by foreshocks the month before, many residents became wary of a larger earthquake and took refuge outside their homes, contributing to the moderate death toll. However, there were none immediately before the mainshock so many were still in their homes when it struck. Aftershocks were felt for several months, some causing additional damage.
19/12/1974
Nelson Rockefeller is sworn in as Vice President of the United States under President Gerald Ford under the provisions of the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller was the 41st vice president of the United States, serving from 1974 to 1977 under President Gerald Ford. A member of the Republican Party and the wealthy Rockefeller family, he was the 49th governor of New York from 1959 to 1973. He was the leader of the moderate faction of his party, known as the Rockefeller Republicans.
19/12/1972
Apollo program: The last crewed lunar flight, Apollo 17, carrying Eugene Cernan, Ronald Evans, and Harrison Schmitt, returns to Earth.
The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the United States human spaceflight program led by NASA, which landed the first humans on the Moon in 1969. Apollo was conceived in 1960 in the Dwight D. Eisenhower presidency during Project Mercury and executed after Project Gemini. Apollo was later dedicated to President John F. Kennedy's national goal, "before this decade is out, of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth" in his address to the U.S. Congress on May 25, 1961.
19/12/1967
Harold Holt, the Prime Minister of Australia, is officially presumed dead.
Harold Edward Holt was an Australian politician who served as the 17th prime minister of Australia from 1966 until his disappearance and presumed death in 1967. He held office as leader of the Liberal Party of Australia and held various ministerial positions from 1949 to 1966 in the governments of Robert Menzies and Arthur Fadden.
19/12/1961
India annexes Daman and Diu, part of Portuguese India.
The Indian annexation of Goa was the process in which the Republic of India annexed the Portuguese State of India, the then Portuguese Indian territories of Goa, Daman and Diu, starting with the armed action carried out by the Indian Armed Forces in December 1961. In India, this action is referred to as the "Liberation of Goa". In Portugal, it is referred to as the "Invasion of Goa". Jawaharlal Nehru had hoped that the popular movement in Goa and the pressure of world public opinion would force the Portuguese Goan authorities to grant it independence, but without success; consequently, Krishna Menon suggested taking Goa by force.
19/12/1956
Irish-born physician John Bodkin Adams is arrested in connection with the suspicious deaths of more than 160 patients. Eventually he is convicted only of minor charges.
John Bodkin Adams was a British general practitioner, convicted fraudster, and suspected serial killer. He was born to Samuel and Ellen Adams. The family were listed as ‘Christian Brethren’. Between 1946 and 1956, 163 of his patients died while in comas, which was deemed to be worthy of investigation. In addition, 132 out of 310 patients had left Adams money or items in their wills.
19/12/1946
Start of the First Indochina War.
The First Indochina War, known alternatively internationally as the French Indochina War, was fought in French Indochina between France and the Viet Minh and their respective allies, from 19 December 1946 until 11 August 1954. Most of the engagements of this conflict occurred in Vietnam.
19/12/1945
John Amery, British Fascist, is executed at the age of 33 by the British Government for treason.
John Amery was a British fascist and Nazi collaborator during World War II. He was the originator of the British Free Corps, a volunteer Waffen-SS unit composed of former British and Dominion prisoners of war.
19/12/1941
World War II: Adolf Hitler appoints himself as head of the Oberkommando des Heeres.
World War II, or the Second World War, was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies and the Axis powers. Nearly all of the world's countries participated. Tanks and aircraft played major roles, the latter enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the only nuclear weapons used in war. World War II was the deadliest conflict in history, causing the death of 60 to 75 million people. Millions died as a result of massacres, starvation, disease, and genocides, including the Holocaust. After the Allied victory, Germany, Austria, Japan, and Korea were occupied, and German and Japanese leaders were tried for war crimes.
World War II: Limpet mines placed by Italian divers heavily damage HMS Valiant and HMS Queen Elizabeth in Alexandria harbour.
A limpet mine is a type of naval mine attached to a target by magnets. It is so named because of its superficial similarity to the shape of the limpet, a type of sea snail that clings tightly to rocks or other hard surfaces.
19/12/1940
Risto Ryti, the Prime Minister of Finland, is elected President of the Republic of Finland in a presidential election, which is exceptionally held by the 1937 electoral college.
Risto Heikki Ryti was a Finnish politician who served as the president of Finland from 1940 to 1944. Ryti started his career as a politician in the field of economics and as a political background figure during the interwar period. He made a wide range of international contacts in the world of banking and within the framework of the League of Nations. Ryti served as prime minister during the Winter War and the Interim Peace, and as president during the Continuation War.
19/12/1932
BBC World Service begins broadcasting as the BBC Empire Service.
The BBC World Service is a British public service broadcaster owned and operated by the BBC. It is the world's largest external broadcaster in terms of reception area, language selection and audience reach. It broadcasts radio news, speech and discussions in more than 40 languages to many parts of the world on analogue and digital shortwave platforms, internet streaming, podcasting, satellite, DAB, FM, LW and MW relays. In 2024, the World Service reached an average of 450 million people a week.
19/12/1929
The Indian National Congress promulgates the Purna Swaraj (the Declaration of the Independence of India).
The Indian National Congress (INC), also known as the Congress Party, or simply the Congress, is a big tent political party in India. It is India’s oldest political party and is widely regarded as one of the world’s oldest continuously active political parties, outside Europe and North America. Founded on 28 December 1885, it was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa. From the late 19th century, and especially after 1920, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, the Congress became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement. The Congress was one of the parties that led India to independence from the United Kingdom, and significantly influenced other anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Empire.
19/12/1927
Three Indian revolutionaries, Ram Prasad Bismil, Roshan Singh and Ashfaqulla Khan, are executed by the British Raj for participation in the Kakori conspiracy.
Pandit Ram Prasad Bismil was an Indian poet, writer, and revolutionary who fought against British Raj, participating in the Mainpuri Conspiracy of 1918, and the Kakori Conspiracy of 1925. He composed in Urdu and Hindi under pen names Ram, Agyat अज्ञात (anonymous) and Bismil (wounded), becoming widely known under the latter. "Bismil" was not his real surname; it was his pen name. Pandit was an honorific title rather than a family surname conferred to him due to his specialised knowledge on several subjects. He was also a translator.
19/12/1924
The last Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost is sold in London, England.
The Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost name refers both to a car model and one specific car from that series. Originally named the "40/50 h.p." the chassis was first made at Royce's Manchester works, with production moving to Derby in July 1908, and also, between 1921 and 1926, in Springfield, Massachusetts, USA. Chassis no. 60551, registered AX 201, was the car that was originally given the name "Silver Ghost". Other 40/50 hp cars were also given names, but the Silver Ghost title was taken up by the press, and soon all 40/50s were called by the name, a fact not officially recognised by Rolls-Royce until 1925, when the Phantom range was launched.
German serial killer Fritz Haarmann is sentenced to death for a series of murders.
Friedrich Heinrich Karl "Fritz" Haarmann was a German serial rapist and serial killer, known as the Butcher of Hanover, the Vampire of Hanover and the Wolf Man, who committed the sexual assault, murder, mutilation and dismemberment of at least twenty-four young men and boys in the city of Hanover between 1918 and 1924.
19/12/1920
King Constantine I is restored as King of the Hellenes after the death of his son Alexander of Greece and a plebiscite.
Constantine I was King of Greece from 18 March 1913 to 11 June 1917 and again from 19 December 1920 to 27 September 1922. The eldest son of George I of Greece, he succeeded to the throne following his father's assassination in 1913.
19/12/1912
William Van Schaick, captain of the steamship General Slocum which caught fire and killed over one thousand people, is pardoned by U.S. President William Howard Taft after 3+1⁄2 years in Sing Sing prison.
A steamboat is a boat that is propelled primarily by steam power, typically driving propellers or paddlewheels. The term steamboat is used to refer to small steam-powered vessels working on lakes, rivers, and in short-sea shipping. The development of the steamboat led to the larger steamship, which is a seaworthy and often ocean-going ship.
19/12/1907
Two hundred thirty-nine coal miners die in the Darr Mine Disaster in Jacobs Creek, Pennsylvania.
The Darr Mine disaster at Van Meter, Rostraver Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, near Smithton, killed 239 men and boys on December 19, 1907. It ranks as the worst coal mining disaster in Pennsylvanian history. Many victims were of immigrants from central Europe, including Rusyns, Hungarians, Austrians, Germans, Poles and Italians.
19/12/1900
Hopetoun Blunder: The first Governor-General of Australia John Hope, 7th Earl of Hopetoun, appoints Sir William Lyne premier of the new state of New South Wales, but he is unable to persuade other colonial politicians to join his government and is forced to resign.
The Hopetoun Blunder was a political event during the Federation of Australia which culminated in the appointment of Edmund Barton as the first Prime Minister of Australia.
French parliament votes amnesty for all involved in scandalous army treason trial known as Dreyfus affair.
The Dreyfus affair was a political scandal that divided the Third French Republic from 1894 until its resolution in 1906. The scandal began in December 1894 when Captain Alfred Dreyfus, a 35-year-old Alsatian French artillery officer of Jewish descent, was wrongfully convicted of treason for communicating French military secrets to the German Embassy in Paris. He was sentenced to life imprisonment and sent overseas to the penal colony on Devil's Island in French Guiana, where he spent the following five years imprisoned in very harsh conditions.
19/12/1828
Vice President of the United States John C. Calhoun sparks the Nullification Crisis when he anonymously publishes the South Carolina Exposition and Protest, protesting the Tariff of 1828.
The vice president of the United States is the second-highest office in the executive branch of the U.S. federal government, after the president of the United States, and ranks first in the presidential line of succession. The vice president is also an officer in the legislative branch, as the president of the Senate. In this capacity, the vice president is empowered to preside over the United States Senate, but may not vote except to cast a tie-breaking vote. The vice president is elected at the same time as the president to a four-year term of office by the people of the United States through the Electoral College, but the electoral votes are cast separately for these two offices. Following the passage in 1967 of the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, a vacancy in the office of vice president may be filled by presidential nomination and confirmation by a majority vote in both houses of Congress. This was based on the Tyler Precedent set in 1841 when John Tyler became the first vice president to take over for a deceased president following the death of William Henry Harrison.
19/12/1796
French Revolutionary Wars: Two British frigates under Commodore Horatio Nelson and two Spanish frigates under Commodore Don Jacobo Stuart engage in battle off the coast of Murcia.
The French Revolutionary Wars were a series of sweeping military conflicts resulting from the French Revolution that lasted from 1792 until 1802. They pitted France against Great Britain, Austria, Prussia, Russia, and several other countries. The wars are divided into two periods: the War of the First Coalition (1792–1797) and the War of the Second Coalition (1798–1802). Initially confined to Europe, the fighting gradually assumed a global dimension. After a decade of constant warfare and aggressive diplomacy, France had conquered territories in the Italian peninsula, the Low Countries, and the Rhineland with its very large and powerful military which had been totally mobilized for war against most of Europe with mass conscription of the vast French population. French success in these conflicts ensured military occupation and the spread of revolutionary principles over much of Europe.
19/12/1793
War of the First Coalition: The Siege of Toulon ends when Napoleon's French artillery forces the British to abandon the city, securing southern France from invasion.
The War of the First Coalition was a set of wars between a coalition of several European powers and France fought between 1792 and 1797. The coalition was only loosely allied and fought without much coordination; each power wanted to annex a different part of France should they defeat the French, something that never occurred.
19/12/1783
William Pitt the Younger becomes the youngest Prime Minister of the United Kingdom at 24.
William Pitt was a British statesman who served as the last prime minister of Great Britain from 1783 until the Acts of Union 1800, and the first official prime minister of the United Kingdom from January 1801. He left office in March 1801, but served as prime minister again from 1804 until his death in 1806. He was also Chancellor of the Exchequer for all his time as prime minister. He is known as "Pitt the Younger" to distinguish him from his father, William Pitt the Elder, who had also previously served as prime minister from 1766–1768.
19/12/1777
American Revolutionary War: George Washington's Continental Army goes into winter quarters at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania.
The American Revolutionary War, also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence or simply the American Revolution, was the armed conflict that comprised the final eight years of the broader American Revolution, in which American Patriot forces organized as the Continental Army and commanded by George Washington defeated the British Army. The conflict was fought in North America, the Caribbean, and the Atlantic Ocean. The war's outcome seemed uncertain for most of the war, but Washington and the Continental Army's decisive victory in the Siege of Yorktown in 1781 led King George III and the Kingdom of Great Britain to negotiate an end to the war. In 1783, in the Treaty of Paris, the British monarchy acknowledged the independence of the Thirteen Colonies, leading to the establishment of the United States as an independent and sovereign nation.
19/12/1776
Thomas Paine publishes one of a series of pamphlets in The Pennsylvania Journal entitled "The American Crisis".
Thomas Paine was an English-born American Founding Father, inventor, political philosopher, and statesman. His pamphlets Common Sense (1776) and The American Crisis (1776–1783) framed the Patriot argument for independence from Great Britain at the outset of the American Revolution. Paine advanced Enlightenment-era arguments for human rights that shaped revolutionary discourse on both sides of the Atlantic.
19/12/1688
Glorious Revolution: Williamite forces defeat Jacobites at Battle of Reading, forcing James II to flee England.
The Glorious Revolution was the deposition of King James II in November 1688. He was replaced by his daughter Mary II and her Dutch husband, James's nephew William III of Orange. The two ruled as joint monarchs of England, Scotland, and Ireland until Mary's death in 1694, when William became ruler in his own right. Jacobitism, the political movement that aimed to restore the exiled James or his descendants of the House of Stuart to the throne, persisted into the late 18th century. Some historians consider it the last successful invasion of England.
19/12/1675
The Great Swamp Fight, a pivotal battle in King Philip's War, gives the English settlers a bitterly won victory.
The Great Swamp Massacre or the Great Swamp Fight was a crucial battle fought during King Philip's War between the colonial militia of New England and the Narragansett people in December 1675. It was fought near the villages of Kingston and West Kingston in the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations. The combined force of the New England militia included 150 Pequots, and they inflicted a huge number of Narragansett casualties, including many hundreds of women and children. The battle has been described by historians as "one of the most brutal and lopsided military encounters in all of New England's history."
19/12/1606
The ships Susan Constant, Godspeed, and Discovery depart England carrying settlers who founded, at Jamestown, Virginia, the first of the thirteen colonies that became the United States.
Susan Constant was the largest of three ships of the English Virginia Company on the 1606–1607 voyage that resulted in the founding of Jamestown in the new Colony of Virginia. Captained by Christopher Newport, she was joined by the Discovery and Godspeed.
19/12/1562
The Battle of Dreux takes place during the French Wars of Religion.
The Battle of Dreux was fought on 19 December 1562 between Catholics and Huguenots. The Catholics were led by Anne de Montmorency while Louis I, Prince of Condé, led the Huguenots. Though commanders from both sides were captured, the French Catholics won the battle which would constitute the first major engagement of the French Wars of Religion and the only major engagement of the first French War of Religion.
19/12/1490
Anne, Duchess of Brittany, is married to Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor by proxy.
Anne of Brittany was suo jure Duchess of Brittany from 1488 until her death, and Queen of France from 1491 to 1498 and again from 1499 to her death. She was the only woman to have been queen consort of France twice.
19/12/1187
Pope Clement III is elected.
Pope Clement III, born Paolo Scolari, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 19 December 1187 to his death in 1191. He ended the conflict between the Papacy and the city of Rome, by allowing the election of magistrates, which reinstalled the Papacy back in the city after a six-year exile. Clement, faced with a deplete college of cardinals, created thirty-one cardinals over three years, the most since Adrian IV. He died 20 March 1191 and was quickly replaced by Celestine III.
19/12/1154
Henry II of England is crowned at Westminster Abbey.
Henry II was King of England from 1154 until his death in 1189. During his reign he controlled England, substantial parts of Wales and Ireland, and much of France, an area that was later called the Angevin Empire, and also held power over Scotland for a time and the Duchy of Brittany.
19/12/0653
Pope Martin I, having been abducted by Byzantine authorities from Rome for his opposition to Monothelitism, is tried in Constantinople.
Pope Martin I, also known as Martin the Confessor, was the bishop of Rome from 21 July 649 to 653 or 654. He had served as Pope Theodore I's ambassador to Constantinople, and was elected to succeed him as pope. He was the only pope when Constantinople controlled the papacy whose election had not awaited imperial mandate. For his strong opposition to Monothelitism, Pope Martin I was arrested by Emperor Constans II, carried off to Constantinople, and ultimately banished to Cherson. He is considered a saint by both the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church, as well as the last pope recognised as a martyr.