What happened on 1st February?

Welcome to 1st February! Explore 53 historical events, birthdays, deaths, and milestones that shaped this day. From remarkable moments in local and world history to the people who left their mark — find out what makes today special. Tonight's moon is in its waning crescent phase, and the zodiac sign of the day is Aquarius. If you're curious about the history of a day — this page brings together everything worth knowing about this 1st February.

Sunday, 1 February falls under the zodiac sign of Aquarius, a sign associated with innovation and forward thinking. The moon is in its waning crescent phase, a period traditionally linked to reflection and completion.

On this day

On 1 February 2009, Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir became the first female prime minister of Iceland, marking a significant milestone in the country's political history. Half a century earlier, on the same date in 1960, four African-American students staged the first of more than five months of sit-ins at an F. W. Woolworth lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina, to protest the company's policy of racial segregation. This sit-in became a pivotal moment in the civil rights movement, inspiring similar protests across the United States and drawing national attention to the injustice of segregationist policies.

The year 1960 also witnessed other significant developments on this date, including the invention milestone when German engineer Felix Wankel's first working prototype of the Wankel rotary engine ran successfully at NSU Motorenwerke AG's research and development department in 1957. These moments represent different spheres of human achievement and social progress spanning multiple generations.

DayAtlas provides comprehensive historical information for any date and location, including weather conditions, significant events, and notable births and deaths that occurred on that day.

Explore everything about today 9th June.

Wind carries ideas farther than walls ever could.

Fortune of the Day

1st February in the Stars – Star Sign Aquarius

Today, the zodiac sign Aquarius celebrates its birthday.

Personality Profile

Personality People born on February 1st embody Aquarius's innovative spirit with a pronounced preference for originality and unconventionality. They enjoy thinking ahead, questioning established norms, and bringing fresh perspectives to every situation. Uranus's influence makes them idealistic visionaries with independent character.

Strengths & Weaknesses Their strengths lie in analytical thinking, intellectual brilliance, and the courage to be different. Yet they can seem emotionally detached and struggle with impatience toward conventional people. Their stubbornness can occasionally overshadow their flexibility.

Love People born on February 1st seek mental connection and shared ideals rather than sentimental romance in relationships. They need partners who respect their independence and share intellectual interests. Friendship often forms the solid foundation of their deepest bonds.

Caree & Finance These natives thrive in careers requiring innovation—technology, science, social work, or creative fields. Financial stability matters less than the opportunity to create meaningful change. Their entrepreneurial spirit often leads to unconventional career paths.

Health People born on February 1st benefit from mental stimulation and group sports that nourish their social nature. They should schedule regular quiet time, as constant mental activity leads to overstimulation. Consistent movement and refreshing outdoor activities support their overall wellness.


That night, the moon was in its waning crescent phase.


Chinese year of the Snake (Wood).

Fun Facts About 1st February

Name Days in Your Language: Birgit, Birgitta, Bret, Brett, Bridget, Bridgette, Brigitte, Brita, Britney, Britt, Brittani, Brittany, Brittney, Brytanni, Clark, Clarke, Langdon, Langston


Someone born on this day would be just 128 days old today — roughly 3,092 hours, 185,575 minutes, or 11,134,504 seconds spent on Earth so far.


It's the 32. day of the year. In 2026, 1st February falls on a Sunday.


There are 333 days still to come.


We’re currently in Week 5 — the year marches on.

Famous Birthdays on 31st January

On this day, 201 notable people were born on 31st January — spanning from 1261 to 2002. From world leaders to artists and scientists, discover who shares this birthday.

01/02/2002

Brian Brobbey, Dutch footballer

Brian Ebenezer Adjei Brobbey is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as a striker for Premier League club Sunderland and the Netherlands national team.


01/02/2000

Talanoa Hufanga, American football player

Talanoa Hufanga is an American professional football safety for the Denver Broncos of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the USC Trojans and was selected by the San Francisco 49ers in the fifth round of the 2021 NFL draft.


01/02/1999

Mohamed Abdelmonem, Egyptian footballer

Mohamed Abdelmonem El-Sayed Mohamed Ahmed is an Egyptian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Ligue 1 club Nice and the Egypt national team.


01/02/1997

Drew Eubanks, American basketball player

Drew Eubanks is an American professional basketball player for the Sacramento Kings of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for the Oregon State Beavers.


Jihyo, South Korean singer

Park Ji-hyo, known mononymously as Jihyo, is a South Korean singer. She is the leader and vocalist of the South Korean girl group Twice, formed by JYP Entertainment in 2015.


01/02/1996

Ahmad Abughaush, Jordanian taekwondo athlete

Ahmad Abughaush is a Jordanian taekwondo athlete. He won the gold medal in the 68 kg category at the 2016 Olympics. This was Jordan's first Olympic medal in any sport, excluding a bronze in 1988 when taekwondo was a demonstration sport.


Doyoung, South Korean singer

Kim Dong-young, known professionally as Doyoung (Korean: 도영), is a South Korean singer, actor, and host. He is a member of the South Korean boy band NCT through the sub-units NCT 127 and NCT DoJaeJung.


01/02/1994

Anna-Lena Friedsam, German tennis player

Anna-Lena Friedsam is a German professional tennis player. She reached her best singles ranking of world No. 45 in August 2016. In doubles, she peaked at No. 34 in September 2020. She has won four doubles titles on the WTA Tour, one WTA 125 singles title as well as 13 singles and three doubles titles on the ITF Circuit. Friedsam also reached the fourth round of a Grand Slam, at the 2016 Australian Open.


Julia Garner, American actress

Julia Garner is an American actress. She gained recognition for playing Ruth Langmore in the Netflix crime drama series Ozark (2017–2022), for which she received critical acclaim and won three Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series and a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress.


Harry Styles, English singer-songwriter and actor

Harry Edward Styles is an English singer, songwriter, and actor. An influential figure in popular culture, he is known for his showmanship, artistry, and flamboyant fashion. Styles's musical career began in 2010 as part of One Direction, a boy band formed on the British music competition series The X Factor after each member of the band had been eliminated from the solo contest. They became one of the best-selling boy bands of all time before going on an indefinite hiatus in 2016. Styles released his eponymous debut solo album through Erskine and Columbia Records in 2017, which was led by the UK number-one single "Sign of the Times".


01/02/1993

Diego Mella, Italian footballer

Diego Mella is an Italian footballer who plays as a forward for Varesina.


01/02/1992

Sean Manaea, American baseball player

Sean Anthony Manaea is an American professional baseball pitcher for the New York Mets of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the Oakland Athletics, San Diego Padres, and San Francisco Giants. Manaea played college baseball for the Indiana State Sycamores. He made his MLB debut in 2016 with the Athletics.


01/02/1991

Blake Austin, Australian rugby league player

Blake Austin is a professional rugby league footballer who plays as a stand-off for Woy Woy Roosters in the Central Coast Division Rugby League in NSW, Australia.


01/02/1990

Tyler Myers, American-Canadian ice hockey player

Tyler Paul Myers is a Canadian–American professional ice hockey player who is a defenceman for the Dallas Stars of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was drafted by the Buffalo Sabres in the first round, 12th overall, in the 2008 NHL entry draft. At the end of the 2009–10 season, Myers won the Calder Memorial Trophy as the NHL's best rookie. Standing at 6 ft 8 in (203 cm) tall, he is one of the tallest active players in the NHL, and was nicknamed "The Big Easy" or "Big Tex" when he started his NHL career, because he was born in Houston. After moving to Vancouver, Myers earned the nickname "Chaos Giraffe" from fans, though he has since distanced himself from the nickname after moving to Dallas.


01/02/1989

Ricky Pinheiro, Portuguese footballer

Ricardo "Ricky" Soares Pinheiro is a Portuguese footballer who plays for SV Morlautern.


01/02/1988

Brett Anderson, American baseball player

Brett Franklin Anderson is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 2009 to 2021 for the Oakland Athletics, Colorado Rockies, Los Angeles Dodgers, Chicago Cubs, Toronto Blue Jays, and Milwaukee Brewers.


01/02/1987

Sebastian Boenisch, Polish footballer

Sebastian Boenisch is a Polish former professional footballer who played as a full-back.


Moises Henriques, Portuguese-Australian cricketer

Moisés Constantino Henriques is an Australian international cricketer who plays for Australia, New South Wales and the Sydney Sixers. An all-rounder, he is the first cricketer born in Portugal to play for Australia in an international match.


Austin Jackson, American baseball player

Austin Jarriel Jackson is an American former professional baseball center fielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Detroit Tigers, Seattle Mariners, Chicago Cubs, Chicago White Sox, Cleveland Indians, San Francisco Giants, and New York Mets. Prior to playing professionally, he attended Billy Ryan High School.


Heather Morris, American actress, singer, and dancer

Heather Elizabeth Morris is an American actress, dancer, and singer. She played the role of Brittany S. Pierce in the Fox musical comedy-drama series Glee.


Giuseppe Rossi, Italian footballer

Giuseppe Rossi is a former professional footballer who played as a forward. Born in the United States, he represented the Italy national team. He is the current Head of Soccer and Vice Chairman of USL League One club New York Cosmos.


Ronda Rousey, American mixed martial artist, wrestler and actress

Ronda Jean Rousey is an American actress, semi-retired professional wrestler, former judoka, and former mixed martial artist. She is best known for her tenures in the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) and WWE.


01/02/1986

Jorrit Bergsma, Dutch speed skater

Jacob Jorrit Bergsma is a Dutch speed skater and marathon skater. He won the gold medal in the 10,000 m at the 2014 Winter Olympics, and the gold medal in the mass start at the 2026 Winter Olympics. His coach is Jillert Anema.


Lauren Conrad, American fashion designer and author

Lauren Katherine Conrad is an American television personality, fashion designer and author. In late 2004, she came to prominence after being cast in the reality television series Laguna Beach: The Real Orange County, which documented her and her friends' lives in their hometown of Laguna Beach, California.


Ladislav Šmíd, Czech ice hockey player

Ladislav Šmíd is a Czech former professional ice hockey defenceman. He played in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Edmonton Oilers and Calgary Flames.


01/02/1985

Dean Shiels, Irish footballer

Dean Andrew Shiels is a Northern Irish former footballer and current manager, who last managed Coleraine. He played for Hibernian, Doncaster Rovers, Kilmarnock, Rangers, Dundalk, FC Edmonton and Dunfermline Athletic, and made 14 full international appearances for Northern Ireland. His father is Kenny Shiels, who was his manager at Kilmarnock.


01/02/1984

Darren Fletcher, Scottish footballer

Darren Barr Fletcher is a Scottish professional football coach and former player who is currently the head coach of Manchester United Under-18s. He also served as caretaker head coach of the Manchester United first team in early January 2026. Fletcher spent the majority of his playing career at United, winning 13 trophies including five Premier League titles and the UEFA Champions League. He mostly played as a central midfielder, but began his career as a right winger and also featured occasionally in defence.


01/02/1983

Heather DeLoach, American actress

"No Rain" is a song by American rock band Blind Melon. It was released in July 1993 as the second single from the band's debut album Blind Melon (1992). The song is well known for its accompanying music video, which features the "Bee Girl" character. The music video, directed by Samuel Bayer, received heavy airplay on MTV at the time of its release. It subsequently helped propel Blind Melon to multi-platinum status.


Kevin Martin, American basketball player

Kevin Dallas Martin Jr. is an American former professional basketball player who played 12 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for Western Carolina University, where in his junior year, he averaged 24.9 points per game, which ranked second in the nation. After three years at Western Carolina, he entered the 2004 NBA draft and was selected with the 26th overall pick by the Sacramento Kings.


Jurgen Van den Broeck, Belgian cyclist

Jurgen Van den Broeck is a Belgian former road bicycle racer, who competed professionally between 2004 and 2017 for the Discovery Channel, Lotto–Soudal, Team Katusha and LottoNL–Jumbo squads. Van den Broeck specialised in the time trial discipline, having been Junior World Champion against the clock in 2001. The promise he first displayed in minor stage races like the Tour de Romandie and Eneco Tour was later validated and confirmed by top-10 finishes in all three Grand Tours: the Giro d'Italia, the Tour de France and the Vuelta a España.


Andrew VanWyngarden, American singer-songwriter and musician

Andrew Wells VanWyngarden is an American singer and musician who is the lead vocalist, guitarist, songwriter, and co-founder of the rock band MGMT. One of his songs, "Kids", received a nomination for the Grammy Award for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals while the band was nominated in the Best New Artist category.


01/02/1982

Gavin Henson, Welsh rugby player

Gavin Lloyd Henson is a Welsh former professional rugby union player, who played as a fly-half, fullback and inside centre.


Shoaib Malik, Pakistani cricketer

Shoaib Malik is a former Pakistani cricketer who played for the Pakistan national cricket team and previously played for Quetta Gladiators in the Pakistan Super League (PSL). He was the captain of the Pakistan national cricket team from 2007 to 2009. He made his One Day International debut in 1999 against the West Indies and his Test debut in 2001 against Bangladesh. With his country, he won the 2009 World Twenty20 and the 2017 ICC Champions Trophy.


01/02/1981

Hins Cheung, Hong Kong singer-songwriter

Hins Cheung / Cheung King-hin, is a Chinese singer, songwriter, record producer, actor, chef, and businessman based in Hong Kong. He made his debut in 2001 with the studio album Hins' First. He has since released 17 studio albums and EPs. Among his various accolades, he has won the Ultimate Song Chart Awards Best Male Singer Gold prize six times, Jade Solid Gold Most Popular Male Singer four times, and Best Pop Male Singer at the Top Ten Chinese Gold Songs Awards.


Christian Giménez, Argentinian footballer

Christian Eduardo Giménez, also known by his nickname Chaco, is a former professional footballer, commentator, and manager. Born in Argentina, he represented the Mexico national team.


Graeme Smith, South African cricketer

Graeme Craig Smith is a South African cricket commentator and former cricketer who played for South Africa in all formats. In 2003, he was appointed captain of the national team, taking over from Shaun Pollock. He held the position of Test captain until his retirement in 2014. At 22, he was appointed as South Africa's youngest ever captain. He was the most capped captain ever when he played his 102nd match against England. He is considered one of South Africa's greatest captains, having led South Africa to a record 54 Test victories.


01/02/1980

Héctor Luna, Dominican baseball player

Héctor R. Luna is a Dominican Republic former professional baseball infielder. He last played for the Hiroshima Carp in Nippon Professional Baseball. He is primarily an infielder, but has played every position at the major league level except pitcher and catcher.


01/02/1979

Valentín Elizalde, Mexican singer-songwriter (died 2006)

Valentín Elizalde Valencia was a Mexican singer. Nicknamed "El Gallo de Oro", he specialized in Banda and regional mexican music and was known for his off-key style. His biggest hits included: "Vete Ya," "Ebrio de Amor", and "Soy Así". Some of his songs were narcocorridos, eulogizing Mexican drug lords like Vicente Carrillo Fuentes. He also wrote lyrics honoring Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán, leader of the Sinaloa Cartel. He was murdered as he left a concert; allegedly by members of the drug trafficking cartel Los Zetas.


Jason Isbell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

Michael Jason Isbell is an American singer-songwriter. Considered one of the best contemporary songwriters in his genre, he is known for his honest, emotional lyrics. Isbell began his career as a member of Drive-By Truckers for six years, from 2001 to 2007. His first album with his backing band, the 400 Unit, was released in 2009.


Juan, Brazilian footballer

Juan Silveira dos Santos, commonly known as Juan, is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a centre-back. He currently works as Brasil national football team assistant under Carlo Ancelotti.


01/02/1978

Tim Harding, Australian singer and actor

Timothy John Harding is an Australian musician, singer, guitarist, entertainer. He was a founding member of the Australian children's musical group Hi-5 from 1998 to 2007.


01/02/1977

Phil Ivey, American poker player

Phillip Dennis Ivey Jr. is an American professional poker player who has won eleven World Series of Poker bracelets, one World Poker Tour title, and appeared at nine World Poker Tour final tables. Ivey is regarded by numerous poker observers and contemporaries as the best all-around player in the world. In 2017, he was elected to the Poker Hall of Fame. He is also an ambassador for WPT Global.


Robert Traylor, American basketball player (died 2011)

Robert DeShaun "Tractor" Traylor was an American professional basketball player. He got his nickname because of his hulking frame. Traylor was the sixth pick in the 1998 NBA draft and played seven seasons in the league. He averaged 4.8 points per game, mainly as a reserve center and power forward.


01/02/1976

Mat Rogers, Australian rugby player

Mathew Steve Rogers is an Australian former professional rugby league and rugby union footballer who played in the 1990s, 2000s and 2010s. He played both codes at the highest level, becoming a dual-code international. He is currently a rugby union commentator on Stan Sport.


01/02/1975

Big Boi, American rapper

Antwan André Patton, known professionally as Big Boi, is an American rapper and record producer. Born in Savannah, Georgia, and raised in Atlanta, he was one half of the Southern hip-hop duo Outkast along with rapper André 3000, which the two formed in 1992.


Martijn Reuser, Dutch footballer

Martijn Franciscus Reuser is a Dutch former professional footballer who played top-flight football in both the Netherlands and England as a midfielder. He made one appearance for the Netherlands national team.


Tomáš Vlasák, Czech ice hockey player

Tomáš Vlasák is a Czech former professional hockey player who plays for the Plzeň HC in the Czech Extraliga. He played 10 games with the Los Angeles Kings during the 2000-2001 season.


01/02/1974

Walter McCarty, American basketball player and coach

Walter Lee McCarty is an American former professional basketball player, and current head coach of the Ostioneros de Guaymas in the Circuito de Baloncesto de la Costa del Pacífico (CIBACOPA). McCarty played for the NBA's New York Knicks, Boston Celtics, Phoenix Suns, and the Los Angeles Clippers. He last served as head coach of the Evansville Purple Aces from 2018 to 2019.


01/02/1973

Andrew DeClercq, American basketball player and coach

Andrew Donald DeClercq is an American former professional basketball player and current coach. He was a center and power forward in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for ten seasons during the 1990s and 2000s. DeClercq played college basketball for the University of Florida, and thereafter, he played professionally for the Golden State Warriors, Boston Celtics, Cleveland Cavaliers, and Orlando Magic of the NBA.


Óscar Pérez Rojas, Mexican footballer

Óscar Pérez Rojas is a Mexican former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. Nicknamed El Conejo, he is regarded as one of the best goalkeepers in Mexican football history.


01/02/1972

Leymah Gbowee, Liberian peace activist

Leymah Roberta Gbowee is a Liberian peace activist responsible for leading a women's non-violent peace movement, Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace that helped bring an end to the Second Liberian Civil War in 2003. Her efforts to end the war, along with her collaborator Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, helped usher in a period of peace and enabled a free election in 2005 that Sirleaf won. Gbowee and Sirleaf, along with Tawakkul Karman, were awarded the 2011 Nobel Peace Prize "for their non-violent struggle for the safety of women and for women's rights to full participation in peace-building work."


Christian Ziege, German footballer

Christian Ziege is a German football manager and former player. He most recently coached FC Pinzgau.


01/02/1971

Michael C. Hall, American actor and producer

Michael Carlyle Hall is an American actor and musician. He is best known for playing the role of the titular character in the Showtime series Dexter and David Fisher in the HBO drama series Six Feet Under. He won a Golden Globe Award for the former, three Screen Actors Guild Awards, and received six total nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series, which ties the record for most nominations in the category without a win. He reprised his role of Dexter Morgan in Dexter: New Blood, Dexter: Resurrection, and performed the internal monologue in Dexter: Original Sin.


Tommy Salo, Swedish ice hockey player

Tommy Mikael Salo is a Swedish former professional ice hockey goaltender and the current general manager of Leksands IF of the Swedish Hockey League (SHL). He previously played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the New York Islanders, Edmonton Oilers and Colorado Avalanche, and previously served as head coach of IK Oskarshamn.


01/02/1970

Yasuyuki Kazama, Japanese racing driver

Yasuyuki Kazama is a drifting driver from Japan, formerly competing in D1 Grand Prix, well known for using the Nissan Silvia S15. He is also known as Waku Waku and Spin Benz Dokan.


Malik Sealy, American basketball player and actor (died 2000)

Malik Sealy was an American professional basketball player, active from 1992 until his death in an automobile accident at the age of 30. Posthumously inducted into the NYC Basketball Hall of Fame in 2004, Sealy played eight seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the Indiana Pacers, Los Angeles Clippers, Detroit Pistons and Minnesota Timberwolves.


01/02/1969

Gabriel Batistuta, Argentinian footballer

Gabriel Omar Batistuta is an Argentine former professional footballer. During his playing career, Batistuta was nicknamed Batigol as well as El Ángel Gabriel. Regarded as one of the best strikers of all time, he was named by Pelé in the FIFA 100 list of the world's greatest living players in 2004.


Andrew Breitbart, American journalist, author, and publisher (died 2012)

Andrew James Breitbart was an American conservative journalist and political commentator who was the founder of Breitbart News and a co-founder of HuffPost.


Brian Krause, American actor

Brian Jeffrey Krause is an American actor. He is known for his role as Leo Wyatt on The WB television series Charmed (1998–2006) and for portraying the lead role of Charles Brady in the 1992 horror film Sleepwalkers.


Joshua Redman, American musician and composer

Joshua Redman is an American jazz saxophonist and composer. He is the son of jazz saxophonist Dewey Redman (1931–2006).


Franklyn Rose, Jamaican cricketer

Franklyn Albert Rose is a former West Indian cricketer. He is a right-handed batsman and a fast right-arm bowler who possesses a lot of power with his full-length outswing.


Patrick Wilson, American musician and songwriter

Patrick George Wilson is an American musician, singer and songwriter. He is best known as a co-founding member and the drummer of the rock band Weezer, with whom he has recorded 15 studio albums.


01/02/1968

Lisa Marie Presley, American singer-songwriter and actress (died 2023)

Lisa Marie Presley was an American singer-songwriter. The daughter of singer and actor Elvis Presley and actress Priscilla Presley, she became the sole heir to her father's estate following the deaths of her grandfather and great-grandmother. She was also known for her marriage to Michael Jackson, whom she wed in 1994 and divorced in 1996.


Mark Recchi, Canadian ice hockey player and coach

Mark Louis Recchi is a Canadian former professional ice hockey winger who played 22 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He was selected by the Pittsburgh Penguins in the 1988 NHL entry draft, and he played for them, the Philadelphia Flyers, Montreal Canadiens, Carolina Hurricanes, Atlanta Thrashers, Tampa Bay Lightning and Boston Bruins. Recchi won the Stanley Cup three times in his playing career: in 1991 with the Penguins, in 2006 with the Hurricanes, and in 2011 with the Bruins. During the 2010-11 season, Recchi was the last active player who had played in the NHL in the 1980s. Subsequently, in Game 2 of the 2011 Finals, Recchi became the oldest player ever to score in a Stanley Cup Final game at age 43. On June 26, 2017, in his fourth year of eligibility, Recchi was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame.


Pauly Shore, American actor and comedian

Paul Montgomery Shore is an American comedian and actor. He is best known for his performances in 1990s comedy films. Shore began as a stand-up comedian at the age of 17, before becoming an MTV VJ in 1989. This led to a starring role in the comedy film Encino Man in 1992, which was a modest hit. He followed this with leading man roles, including Son in Law (1993), In the Army Now (1994) and Bio-Dome (1996). Shore provided the voice of Robert "Bobby" Zimuruski in A Goofy Movie (1995) and its direct-to-video sequel, An Extremely Goofy Movie (2000).


01/02/1967

Meg Cabot, American author and screenwriter

Meggin Patricia Cabot is an American novelist. She has written and published over 80 novels of young adult and adult fiction and is best known for her young adult series The Princess Diaries, which was later adapted by Walt Disney Pictures into two feature films. Cabot has been the recipient of numerous book awards, including the New York Public Library Books for the Teen Age, the American Library Association Quick Pick for Reluctant Readers, the Tennessee Volunteer State TASL Book Award, the Book Sense Pick, the Evergreen Young Adult Book Award, and the IRA/CBC Young Adult Choice. She has also had number-one New York Times bestsellers, and more than 25 million copies of her books are in print across the world.


01/02/1966

Michelle Akers, American soccer player

Michelle Anne Akers is an American former soccer player who starred in the 1991 and 1999 Women's World Cup and 1996 Olympics victories by the United States. At the 1991 World Cup, she won the Golden Shoe as the top scorer, with ten goals.


01/02/1965

Sherilyn Fenn, American actress

Sherilyn Fenn is an American actress. She played Audrey Horne on the television series Twin Peaks for which she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award and an Emmy Award.


Brandon Lee, American actor and martial artist (died 1993)

Brandon Bruce Lee was an American actor and martial artist. Establishing himself as a rising action star in the early 1990s, Lee landed what was to be his breakthrough role as Eric Draven in the supernatural superhero film The Crow (1994). However, Lee's career and life were cut short by his accidental death during the film's production.


Stéphanie of Monaco

Princess Stéphanie of Monaco is the youngest child of Rainier III, Prince of Monaco, and his wife, American actress Grace Kelly. She is the younger sister of Albert II, Prince of Monaco, and Caroline. Currently 15th in the line of succession to the Monegasque throne, she has been a singer, swimwear designer, and fashion model.


01/02/1964

Jani Lane, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2011)

Jani Lane was an American singer and the lead vocalist, frontman, lyricist and main songwriter for the glam metal band Warrant. From Hollywood, California, the band experienced success from 1989 to 1996 with five albums reaching international sales of over 10 million. Lane left Warrant in 2004 and again in 2008 after a brief reunion. Lane also released a solo album, Back Down to One, in 2002, and the album Love the Sin, Hate the Sinner with a new group, Saints of the Underground, in 2008. Lane contributed lead vocals and songwriting to various projects throughout his career.


Eli Ohana, Israeli football player, and club chairman

Eliyahu "Eli" Ohana is an Israeli former professional footballer and the former chairman of Israeli club Beitar Jerusalem. He played as a forward or attacking midfielder for Beitar Jerusalem, KV Mechelen, S.C. Braga, and the Israel national football team, who is considered one of Israel's finest footballers, occasionally was dubbed "King Ohana" by fans and local news outlets. He managed Beitar Jerusalem, Bnei Yehuda Tel Aviv, Maccabi Petah Tikva, Hapoel Kfar Saba, the Israel national under-19 football team, the seniors' Israel national football team (interim). He also played for Team Israel at the 1981 Maccabiah Games, winning a bronze medal.


Mario Pelchat, Canadian singer-songwriter

Mario Pelchat is a Canadian Francophone singer from Quebec. He received the Felix Award in 1990 and 1992.


Linus Roache, English actor

Linus William Roache is a British actor. He is best known to US audiences as Executive ADA Michael Cutter in the NBC dramas Law & Order (2008–2010) and Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (2011–2012), and also played Ecbert, King of Wessex in Vikings from 2014 to 2017.


01/02/1962

José Luis Cuciuffo, Argentinian footballer (died 2004)

José Luis Cuciuffo was an Argentine professional footballer who played as a centre back and who was part of the 1986 FIFA World Cup-winning Argentina national team.


Tomoyasu Hotei, Japanese singer-songwriter and guitarist

Tomoyasu Hotei , also known simply as Hotei, is a Japanese musician, singer-songwriter, composer, record producer and actor. With a career spanning more than 40 years, Hotei claims record sales of over 40 million copies and has collaborated with artists from around the world. Hotei first rose to prominence in the 1980s as the guitarist for Boøwy, one of Japan's most popular rock bands, before starting a solo career.


Takashi Murakami, Japanese painter and sculptor

Takashi Murakami is a Japanese contemporary artist. He works in fine arts as well as commercial media and is known for blurring the line between high and low arts. His work draws from the aesthetic characteristics of the Japanese artistic tradition and the nature of postwar Japanese culture. He has designed covers for several hip hop albums, namely Kanye West's Graduation (2007), Future's eponymous fifth studio album (2017), West and Kid Cudi's Kids See Ghosts (2018), and Juice Wrld's posthumous The Party Never Ends (2024).


01/02/1961

Volker Fried, German field hockey player and coach

Volker Fried is a former field hockey player from West Germany, who competed at four consecutive Summer Olympics for West and the reunified Germany. He won the gold medal with his team at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, after capturing silver at the two previous Olympics in Los Angeles (1984) and Seoul (1988).


Kaduvetti Guru, Indian politician (died 2018)

J. Guru, also known as Kaduvetti Guru, was an Indian politician who was twice elected as a Member of the Legislative Assembly in Tamil Nadu. He was the president of the Vanniyar Sangam, a caste-based organization that represented the interests of the Vanniyar community.


Daniel M. Tani, American engineer and astronaut

Daniel Michio Tani is an American engineer and retired NASA astronaut. He was born in Ridley Park, Pennsylvania, but considers Lombard, Illinois, to be his hometown.


01/02/1959

Wade Wilson, American football player and coach (died 2019)

Charles Wade Wilson was an American professional football player who was a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Minnesota Vikings, Atlanta Falcons, New Orleans Saints, Dallas Cowboys, and Oakland Raiders in a seventeen-year NFL career from 1981 to 1998. He was quarterbacks coach for the Dallas Cowboys from 2000 to 2002 and from 2007 to 2017, and also for the Chicago Bears from 2004 to 2006. He played college football for East Texas State Lions, where he was an NAIA All-American quarterback and led the Lions to the NAIA national semifinals during the 1980 season.


01/02/1958

Luther Blissett, Jamaican-English footballer and manager

Luther Loide Blissett is a former professional footballer and manager who played for the England national football team during the 1980s. Born in Jamaica, Blissett played as a forward, and is best known for his time at Watford, whom he helped win promotion from the Fourth Division to the First Division. Blissett set Watford's records for appearances and goals, having played 503 games and scored 186 goals, and was the top goalscorer in the 1982–83 Football League First Division as he led Watford to second-place. He was also one of the first black players to represent England. Blissett was capped 14 times by England, scoring a hat-trick on his debut. After retiring from playing, Blissett turned to coaching, initially under the management of Graham Taylor at Watford, and managed Chesham United from 2006 until 2007.


Eleanor Laing, Scottish lawyer and politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Scotland

Eleanor Fulton Laing, Baroness Laing of Elderslie,, is a British Conservative Party politician who served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Epping Forest from 1997 to 2024. She served in the shadow cabinets of Michael Howard and David Cameron. From 2013 to 2024, Laing was a Deputy Speaker of the House of Commons and was the first female Chairman of Ways and Means from 2020 to 2024. She had one of the longest tenures in the Speaker's chair. She became a member of the House of Lords in 2024.


01/02/1957

Gilbert Hernandez, American author and illustrator

Gilberto Hernández, usually credited as Gilbert Hernandez and also by the nickname Beto, is an American cartoonist. He is best known for his Palomar/Heartbreak Soup stories in Love and Rockets, an alternative comic book he shared with his brothers Jaime and Mario.


Mohammed Jamal Khalifa, Saudi Arabian businessman (died 2007)

Mohammed Jamal Khalifa (1 February 1957 – 31 January 2007) was a Saudi businessman from Jeddah who married one of Osama bin Laden's sisters. He was accused of funding terror plots and groups in the Philippines in the 1990s while head of the International Islamic Relief Organization branch there. He was murdered in Madagascar in 2007.


01/02/1956

Exene Cervenka, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

Exene Cervenka is an American singer, artist, and poet. She is best known for her work as a singer in the California punk rock band X.


01/02/1955

T. R. Dunn, American basketball player and coach

Theodore Roosevelt Dunn is an American former professional basketball player who was most recently an assistant coach for the Houston Rockets of the National Basketball Association (NBA).


01/02/1954

Chuck Dukowski, American singer-songwriter and bass player

Gary Arthur McDaniel, better known by his stage name Chuck Dukowski, is an American punk rock musician. He is most well-known for being the bass player and an occasional songwriter for Black Flag.


Bill Mumy, American actor, writer, and musician

Charles William Mumy Jr. is an American actor, writer, producer, and musician. He came to prominence in the 1960s as a child actor, whose work included television appearances on Bewitched, I Dream of Jeannie, The Twilight Zone, Alfred Hitchcock Presents, and a role in the film Dear Brigitte, followed by a three-season role as Will Robinson in the 1960s sci-fi series Lost in Space. Mumy later appeared as lonely teenager Sterling North in the film Rascal (1969) and Teft in the film Bless the Beasts and Children (1971).


01/02/1952

Owoye Andrew Azazi, Nigerian general (died 2012)

Owoye Andrew Azazi GSS DSS MSS CMH was a Nigerian army general who served as National Security Adviser to President Goodluck Jonathan, was Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) of Nigeria, and Chief of Army Staff (COAS). Before his first service chief appointment (COAS), he was General Officer Commanding (GOC) 1 Division, Kaduna State.


01/02/1951

Sonny Landreth, American guitarist and songwriter

Clide Vernon "Sonny" Landreth is an American blues musician from southwest Louisiana who is especially known as a slide guitar player. He was born in Canton, Mississippi, and settled in Lafayette, Louisiana. He lives in Breaux Bridge, Louisiana.


01/02/1950

Mike Campbell, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer

Michael Wayne Campbell is an American guitarist and vocalist. He was a member of Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers and co-wrote many of the band's hits with Petty, including "Refugee", "Here Comes My Girl", "You Got Lucky", and "Runnin' Down a Dream". Outside of The Heartbreakers, he has worked as a session guitarist and songwriter with a number of other acts, including composing and playing on the Don Henley hits "The Boys of Summer" and "The Heart of the Matter" as well as working on most of Stevie Nicks's solo albums. Campbell, along with Neil Finn, joined Fleetwood Mac to replace lead guitarist Lindsey Buckingham on their world tour in 2018–2019. After the end of that tour, he has been performing with his own band, the Dirty Knobs. As of 2024, the Dirty Knobs have released three albums.


Ali Haydar Konca, Turkish politician, 4th Turkish Minister of European Union Affairs

Ali Haydar Konca is a Turkish politician who served as the Minister of European Union Affairs and Chief Negotiator in the interim election government led by Ahmet Davutoğlu between 28 August and 22 September 2015. He served as a Member of Parliament for the electoral district of Kocaeli from June to November 2015. He is a member of the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) and is a former civil servant and Kaymakam (sub-governor).


Rich Williams, American guitarist and songwriter

Richard John Williams is an American guitarist, primarily known for being one of the only consistent original members of the rock band Kansas alongside drummer Phil Ehart. Both have appeared on every Kansas album to date.


01/02/1949

Lex Marinos, Australian actor (died 2024)

Alexander Francis Marinos was an Australian actor and television director, radio personality and voice artist. He was most notable for his role as Bruno, in the 1980s television series Kingswood Country.


01/02/1948

Rick James, American singer-songwriter and producer (died 2004)

James Ambrose Johnson Jr., better known by his stage name Rick James, was an American singer, songwriter, and record producer.


01/02/1947

Adam Ingram, Scottish computer programmer and politician, Minister of State for the Armed Forces

Sir Adam Paterson Ingram is a retired British Labour Party politician. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for East Kilbride, then East Kilbride, Strathaven and Lesmahagow, from 1987 to 2010.


Normie Rowe, Australian singer-songwriter and actor

Norman John Rowe is an Australian singer, songwriter and actor. He rose to national prominence in the mid-1960s as a pop star and teen idol, backed by The Playboys. His 1965 double A-side "Que Sera Sera"/"Shakin' All Over" was one of the most successful Australian singles of the decade.


Jessica Savitch, American journalist (died 1983)

Jessica Beth Savitch was an American television journalist who was the weekend anchor of NBC Nightly News and daily newsreader for NBC News during the late 1970s and early 1980s. Savitch was one of the first women to anchor an evening network newscast alone, following in the footsteps of Marlene Sanders of ABC News and Catherine Mackin of NBC News. She also hosted PBS's public affairs program Frontline from its January 1983 debut until her death in a car crash the following October.


01/02/1946

Karen Krantzcke, Australian tennis player (died 1977)

Karen Krantzcke was an Australian tennis player. She achieved a world top ten singles ranking in 1970. In her short career, she made the quarterfinals or better at each of the four Grand Slam championships in both singles and doubles. She also won the Australian Open in doubles, and assisted Australia to victory in the Federation Cup.


Elisabeth Sladen, English actress (died 2011)

Elisabeth Clara Miller, known professionally as Elisabeth Sladen, was an English actress. She was best known for her recurring role as Sarah Jane Smith in Doctor Who from 1973 to 1976, alongside Jon Pertwee and Tom Baker, before reprising the role with David Tennant between 2006 and 2010 and in spin-offs K-9 and Company (1981) and The Sarah Jane Adventures (2007–2011).


01/02/1945

Serge Joyal, Canadian lawyer and politician, 50th Secretary of State for Canada

Serge Joyal is a Canadian politician who served in the House of Commons of Canada from 1974 to 1984 and subsequently in the Senate of Canada from 1997 to 2020.


Ferruccio Mazzola, Italian footballer and manager (died 2013)

Ferruccio Mazzola was an Italian former professional footballer and manager, who played as a midfielder. He was the son of former footballer Valentino Mazzola, and the younger brother of retired footballer Sandro Mazzola.


Mary Jane Reoch, American cyclist (died 1993)

Mary Jane Reoch was an American cyclist. She won 11 national championships during her cycling career and afterwards worked as a cycling coach. She was killed in a road accident while training a client in 1993. She was posthumously inducted into the United States Bicycling Hall of Fame in 1994.


01/02/1944

Burkhard Ziese, German footballer and manager (died 2010)

Burkhard Ziese was a German football manager.


01/02/1942

Bibi Besch, Austrian-American actress (died 1996)

Bibi Besch was an Austrian-American film, television, and stage actress. She is best known for her portrayal of Dr. Carol Marcus in the science fiction film Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan (1982). Her other notable film roles were in Who's That Girl (1987), and Tremors (1990). Besch also appeared in a number of television productions, including the television film The Day After (1983) and The Jeff Foxworthy Show, and received two Primetime Emmy Award nominations.


Terry Jones, Welsh actor, director, and screenwriter (died 2020)

Terence Graham Parry Jones was a Welsh actor, comedian, director, historian, writer and member of the Monty Python comedy troupe.


01/02/1941

Jerry Spinelli, American author

Jerry Spinelli is an American writer of children's novels that feature adolescence and early adulthood. His novels include Maniac Magee, Stargirl, and Wringer.


01/02/1939

Fritjof Capra, Austrian physicist, author, and academic

Fritjof Capra is an Austrian-born American author, physicist, systems theorist and deep ecologist. In 1995, he became a founding director of the Center for Ecoliteracy in Berkeley, California. He was on the faculty of Schumacher College which was disestablished in 2024.


Claude François, Egyptian-French singer-songwriter and dancer (died 1978)

Claude Antoine Marie François, also known by the nickname Cloclo, was a French pop singer, composer, songwriter, record producer, drummer and dancer. François co-wrote the lyrics of "Comme d'habitude", the original version of "My Way", and composed the music of "Parce que je t'aime mon enfant", the original version of "My Boy". Among his other famous songs are "Le Téléphone Pleure", "Le lundi au soleil", "Magnolias for Ever" and "Alexandrie Alexandra". He also enjoyed considerable success with French-language versions of English-language songs, including "Belles! Belles! Belles!", "Cette année là" and "Je vais à Rio".


Paul Gillmor, American lawyer and politician (died 2007)

Paul Eugene Gillmor was an American politician of the Republican Party who served as the U.S. representative from the 5th congressional district of Ohio from 1989 until his death in 2007.


Ekaterina Maximova, Russian ballerina (died 2009)

Ekaterina Sergeyevna Maximova was a Soviet and Russian ballerina of the second part of the 20th century who was internationally recognised. She was a prima ballerina of the Bolshoi Theatre for 30 years, a ballet pedagogue, winner of international ballet competitions, Laureate of many prestigious International and Russian awards, a professor in GITIS, Honorary professor at the Moscow State University, Academician of the Russian Academy of Arts, and an Executive Committee member of the Russian Center of Counseil International De La Danse, UNESCO.


Joe Sample, American pianist and composer (died 2014)

Joseph Leslie Sample was an American jazz keyboardist and composer. He was one of the founding members of The Jazz Crusaders in 1960, whose name was shortened to "The Crusaders" in 1971. He remained a part of the group until its final album in 1991, and also the 2003 reunion album Rural Renewal.


01/02/1938

Jimmy Carl Black, American drummer and singer (died 2008)

James Inkanish, Jr., known professionally as Jimmy Carl Black, was an original member of the Mothers of Invention, providing drums and vocals. He is known for introducing the songs "Are You Hung Up?" and "Concentration Moon" from the Mothers' album We're Only in It for the Money (1968) saying "Hi boys and girls, my name is Jimmy Carl Black and I'm the Indian of the group."


Jacky Cupit, American golfer

Jacky Douglas Cupit was an American professional golfer who played on both the PGA Tour and the Senior PGA Tour.


Sherman Hemsley, American actor and singer (died 2012)

Sherman Alexander Hemsley was an American actor and comedian. He was known for his roles as George Jefferson on the CBS television series All in the Family and The Jeffersons (1975–1985), Deacon Ernest Frye on the NBC series Amen (1986–1991), and B. P. Richfield on the ABC series Dinosaurs. For his work on The Jeffersons, Hemsley was nominated for a Golden Globe Award and an Emmy Award. Hemsley also won an NAACP Image Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Comedy Series or Special in 1982.


01/02/1937

Don Everly, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2021)

Isaac Donald Everly was an American musician. Everly was one-half of the singing duo The Everly Brothers alongside his younger brother Phil.


Garrett Morris, American actor and comedian

Garrett Isaac Morris is an American actor, comedian and singer. He was part of the original cast and was the first Black cast member of the sketch comedy program Saturday Night Live, appearing from 1975 to 1980. Morris played the character Jimmy on The Jeffersons (1983–1984), and starred as Junior "Uncle Junior" King on the sitcom The Jamie Foxx Show, which aired from 1996 to 2001. He later portrayed Earl Washington on the CBS sitcom 2 Broke Girls, from 2011 to 2017.


01/02/1936

Tuncel Kurtiz, Turkish actor, playwright, and director (died 2013)

Tuncel Tayanç Kurtiz was a Turkish theatre, movie and TV series actor, playwright, and film director. Since 1964, he acted in more than 70 movies, including many international productions.


01/02/1934

Marina Kondratyeva, Russian ballet dancer (died 2024)

Marina Viktorovna Kondratyeva was a Russian ballerina at the Bolshoi Ballet. Described as "weightless, airy, poetic and spiritual", she is known for roles such as Juliet in Prokofiev's Romeo and Juliet and as Adam's Giselle, but also performed in contemporary ballets including world premieres. She toured with the Bolshoi troupe to London and the Metropolitan Opera in the 1960s. She became a master tutor at the Bolshoi, passing its tradition to younger dancers for decades.


01/02/1932

John Nott, British politician (died 2024)

Sir John William Frederic Nott was a British politician who served as Secretary of State for Defence from 1981 to 1983. A member of the National Liberal and Conservative parties, Nott served as Member of Parliament (MP) for St Ives from 1966 to 1983.


Hassan al-Turabi, Sudanese activist and politician (died 2016)

Hassan al-Turabi was a Sudanese politician and scholar. He was the alleged architect of the 1989 Sudanese military coup that overthrew Sadiq al-Mahdi and installed Omar al-Bashir as president. He has been called "one of the most influential figures in modern Sudanese politics" and a "longtime hard-line ideological leader". He was instrumental in institutionalizing Sharia in the northern part of the country and was frequently imprisoned in Sudan, but these "periods of detention" were "interspersed with periods of high political office".


01/02/1931

Boris Yeltsin, Russian politician, 1st President of Russia (died 2007)

Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin was a Soviet and Russian politician who served as President of Russia from 1991 to 1999. He was a member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) from 1961 to 1990. He later stood as a political independent, during which time he was viewed as being ideologically aligned with liberalism.


01/02/1930

Shahabuddin Ahmed, Bangladeshi judge and politician, 12th President of Bangladesh (died 2022)

Shahabuddin Ahmed was a Bangladeshi statesman who served as the president of Bangladesh from 1996 to 2001 and as the chief justice of Bangladesh from 1990 to 1995. He previously served as the acting president during 1990–91 when Hussain Muhammad Ershad resigned from the post. He headed a interim government and oversaw a general election in February 1991.


Hussain Muhammad Ershad, Bangladeshi general and politician, 10th President of Bangladesh (died 2019)

Hussain Muhammad Ershad was a Bangladeshi military officer, dictator and politician who served as President of Bangladesh from 1983 to 1990.


01/02/1928

Sam Edwards, Welsh physicist and academic (died 2015)

Sir Samuel Frederick Edwards was a Welsh physicist. The Sam Edwards Medal and Prize is named in his honour.


Tom Lantos, Hungarian-American academic and politician (died 2008)

Thomas Peter Lantos was a Hungarian-born American politician who served as a U.S. representative from California from 1981 until his death in 2008. A member of the Democratic Party, he represented the state's 11th congressional district until 1993. After redistricting, he served from the 12th congressional district, which included both the northern two-thirds of San Mateo County and a portion of the southwestern part of San Francisco.


Stuart Whitman, American actor (died 2020)

Stuart Maxwell Whitman was an American actor, known for his lengthy career in film and television. Whitman was born in San Francisco and raised in New York until the age of 12, when his family relocated to Los Angeles. In 1948, Whitman was discharged from the Corps of Engineers in the U.S. Army and started to study acting and appear in plays. From 1951 to 1957, Whitman had a streak working in mostly bit parts in films, including When Worlds Collide (1951), The Day the Earth Stood Still (1951), Barbed Wire (1952) and The Man from the Alamo (1952). On television, Whitman guest-starred in series such as Dr. Christian, The Roy Rogers Show, and Death Valley Days, and also had a recurring role on Highway Patrol. Whitman's first lead role was in John H. Auer's Johnny Trouble (1957).


01/02/1927

Galway Kinnell, American poet and academic (died 2014)

Galway Mills Kinnell was an American poet. His dark poetry emphasized scenes and experiences in threatening, ego-less natural environments. He won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry for his 1982 collection, Selected Poems and split the National Book Award for Poetry with Charles Wright. From 1989 to 1993, he was poet laureate for the state of Vermont.


01/02/1926

Vivian Maier, American street photographer (died 2009)

Vivian Dorothy Maier was an American street photographer whose work was discovered and recognized after her death. She took more than 150,000 photographs during her lifetime, primarily of the people and architecture of Chicago, New York City, and Los Angeles, although she also traveled and photographed around the world.


01/02/1924

Emmanuel Scheffer, German-Israeli footballer, coach, and manager (died 2012)

Emmanuel Scheffer was an Israeli football player and coach who was born in Germany.


01/02/1923

Ben Weider, Canadian businessman, co-founded the International Federation of BodyBuilding & Fitness (died 2008)

Benjamin Weider, was a Canadian soldier, author, historian, fitness proponent, benefactor of the arts, and entrepreneur. He co-founded the International Federation of BodyBuilders (IFBB) alongside his brother Joe Weider. The Weiders also founded many successful businesses including gyms, nutritional supplements and magazines such as Muscle & Fitness.


01/02/1922

Renata Tebaldi, Italian soprano and actress (died 2004)

Renata Tebaldi was an Italian lirico-spinto soprano popular in the post-war period, and especially prominent as one of the stars of La Scala, San Carlo and, especially, the Metropolitan Opera. Often considered among the great opera singers of the 20th century, she focused primarily on the verismo roles of the lyric and dramatic repertoires. Italian conductor Arturo Toscanini called her voice la voce d'angelo, and La Scala music director Riccardo Muti called her "one of the greatest performers with one of the most extraordinary voices in the field of opera."


01/02/1921

Teresa Mattei, Italian feminist partisan and politician (died 2013)

Teresa "Teresita" Mattei was an Italian partisan and politician.


Patricia Robins, English writer and WAAF officer (died 2016)

Patricia Robins was a British writer of short stories and over 80 novels, mainly romance, from 1934 to 2016. She also signed under the pseudonym Claire Lorrimer; she had sold more than ten million copies. She served as Women's Auxiliary Air Force officer during World War II tracking Nazi bombers.


Peter Sallis, English actor (died 2017)

Peter Sallis was an English actor. He was the original voice of Wallace in the Academy Award-winning Wallace & Gromit films and played Norman "Cleggy" Clegg in Last of the Summer Wine from its 1973 inception until the final episode in 2010, making him the only actor to appear in all 295 episodes. Additionally, he portrayed Norman Clegg's father in the prequel series First of the Summer Wine.


01/02/1920

Zao Wou-Ki, Chinese-French painter (died 2013)

Zao Wou-Ki was a Chinese-French painter. He was a member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts in Paris. Zao Wou-Ki graduated from the China Academy of Art in Hangzhou, where he studied under French-trained Fang Ganmin and Wu Dayu.


01/02/1918

Muriel Spark, Scottish novelist (died 2006)

Dame Muriel Sarah Spark was a Scottish novelist, short story writer, poet and essayist.


Ignacy Tokarczuk, Polish archbishop (died 2012)

Ignacy Tokarczuk was a Polish prelate of the Roman Catholic Church.


01/02/1917

José Luis Sampedro, Spanish economist and author (died 2013)

José Luis Sampedro Sáez was a Spanish economist and writer who advocated an economy "more humane, more caring, able to help develop the dignity of peoples". Academician of the Real Academia Española since 1990, he was the recipient of the Order of Arts and Letters of Spain, the Menéndez Pelayo International Prize (2010) and the Spanish Literature National Prize (2011). He became an inspiration for the anti-austerity movement in Spain.


Eiji Sawamura, Japanese baseball player and soldier (died 1944)

Eiji Sawamura was a Japanese professional baseball player. A right-handed pitcher, he played in Japan for the Yomiuri Giants. He is one of just two pitchers in Japanese baseball history to throw three no-hitters and the only one to do so for thirty years. He is one of just six numbers to be retired by the Giants in their history.


01/02/1915

Stanley Matthews, English footballer and manager (died 2000)

Sir Stanley Matthews was an English footballer who played as an outside right. Often regarded as one of the greatest players of the British game and one of the greatest players of all time, he is the only player to have been knighted while still playing football, as well as being the first winner of both the European Footballer of the Year and the Football Writers' Association Footballer of the Year awards. His nicknames included "The Wizard of Dribble" and "The Magician".


01/02/1910

Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme, Chinese general and politician (died 2009)

Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme was a Tibetan senior official who assumed various military and political responsibilities both before and after 1951 in Tibet. He is often known simply as Ngapoi in English sources.


01/02/1909

George Beverly Shea, Canadian-American singer-songwriter (died 2013)

George Beverly Shea was a Canadian-born American gospel singer and hymn composer. Shea was often described as "America's beloved gospel singer" and was considered "the first international singing 'star' of the gospel world," as a consequence of his solos at Billy Graham Crusades and his exposure on radio, records and television. Because of the large attendance at Graham's Crusades, it is estimated that Shea sang live before more people than anyone else in history.


01/02/1908

George Pal, Hungarian-American animator and producer (died 1980)

George Pal was a Hungarian-American animator, film director and producer. He is known for his stop motion animated film series Puppetoons and his fantasy and science-fiction films. He became an American citizen after emigrating from Europe.


Louis Rasminsky, Canadian economist and banker (died 1998)

Louis Rasminsky was a Canadian economist who served as the third governor of the Bank of Canada from 1961 to 1973, succeeding James Coyne. He was succeeded by Gerald Bouey.


01/02/1907

Günter Eich, German author and songwriter (died 1972)

Günter Eich was a German poet, radio playwright, and writer. He was born in Lebus, on the Oder River, and educated in Leipzig, Berlin, and Paris.


Camargo Guarnieri, Brazilian pianist and composer (died 1993)

Mozart Camargo Guarnieri was a Brazilian composer.


01/02/1906

Adetokunbo Ademola, Nigerian lawyer and jurist, 2nd Chief Justice of Nigeria (died 1993)

Omoba Sir Adetokunbo Adegboyega Ademola SAN was a Nigerian jurist who was the Chief Justice of Nigeria from 1958 to 1972. He was appointed as Chief Justice on 1 April 1958, succeeding Sir Stafford Foster-Sutton, who was retiring. Ademola was a son of Oba Sir Ladapo Ademola II, the Alake of the Egba clan of Nigeria. He was the first chancellor of the University of Benin.


01/02/1905

Emilio Segrè, Italian-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1989)

Emilio Gino Segrè was an Italian-American nuclear physicist and radiochemist who discovered the elements technetium and astatine, and the antiproton, a subatomic antiparticle, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1959, along with Owen Chamberlain.


01/02/1904

S. J. Perelman, American humorist and screenwriter (died 1979)

Sidney Joseph Perelman was an American humorist and screenwriter. He is best known for his humorous short pieces written over many years for The New Yorker. He also wrote for several other magazines, including Judge, as well as books, scripts, and screenplays. Perelman received an Academy Award for screenwriting in 1956.


01/02/1902

Therese Brandl, German concentration camp guard (died 1947)

Therese Brandl was a Nazi concentration camp guard.


Langston Hughes, American poet, social activist, novelist, and playwright (died 1967)

James Mercer Langston Hughes was an American poet, social activist, novelist, playwright, and columnist from Joplin, Missouri. An early innovator of jazz poetry, Hughes is best known as a leader of the Harlem Renaissance.


01/02/1901

Frank Buckles, American soldier (died 2011)

Frank Woodruff Buckles was a corporal in the United States Army and the last surviving American military veteran of World War I. He enlisted in the U.S. Army in 1917 aged 16 and served with a detachment from Fort Riley, driving ambulances and motorcycles near the front lines in Europe.


Clark Gable, American actor (died 1960)

William Clark Gable was an American actor often referred to as the "King of Hollywood". He appeared in more than 60 motion pictures across a variety of genres during a 37-year career, three decades of which he spent as a leading man. In 1999, the American Film Institute ranked Gable as the seventh-greatest male screen legend of classical Hollywood cinema.


01/02/1898

Leila Denmark, American pediatrician and author (died 2012)

Leila Alice Denmark was an American pediatrician in Atlanta, Georgia. She was the world's oldest practicing pediatrician until her retirement in May 2001 at the age of 103, after 73 years. She was a supercentenarian, living to the age of 114 years, 60 days.


01/02/1897

Denise Robins, English journalist and author (died 1985)

Denise Robins was a prolific English romantic novelist and the first President of the Romantic Novelists' Association (1960–1966). She wrote under her first married name and under the pen-names: Denise Chesterton, Eve Vaill, 'Anne Llewellyn', Hervey Hamilton, Francesca Wright, Ashley French, Harriet Gray and Julia Kane, producing short stories, plays, and about 170 Gothic romance novels. In 1965, Robins published her autobiography, Stranger Than Fiction. At the time of her death in 1985, Robins's books had been translated into fifteen languages and had sold more than one hundred million copies. In 1984, they were borrowed more than one and a half million times from British libraries.


01/02/1895

Conn Smythe, Canadian businessman (died 1980)

Constantine Falkland Cary Smythe MC was a Canadian businessman, soldier and executive in ice hockey and horse racing. He was best known as the principal owner of the Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League (NHL) from 1927 to 1961 and as the builder of their longtime home arena, Maple Leaf Gardens.


01/02/1894

John Ford, American director and producer (died 1973)

John Martin Feeney, better known as John Ford, was an American film director and producer. He is regarded as one of the most important and influential filmmakers during the Golden Age of Hollywood, and was one of the first American directors to be recognized as an auteur. In a career of more than 50 years, he directed over 130 films between 1917 and 1970, and received a record four Academy Awards for Best Director for The Informer (1935), The Grapes of Wrath (1940), How Green Was My Valley (1941), and The Quiet Man (1952).


James P. Johnson, American pianist and composer (died 1955)

James Price Johnson was an American pianist and composer. A pioneer of stride piano, he was one of the most important pianists in the early era of recording, and like Jelly Roll Morton, one of the key figures in the evolution of ragtime into what was eventually called jazz. Johnson was a major influence on Count Basie, Duke Ellington, Art Tatum, Thelonious Monk, and Fats Waller, who was his student. According to Hound Dog the 2009 biography of the song-writing partnership between Mike Stoller and Jerry Leiber James P. Johnson also gave lessons to Stoller.


01/02/1890

Nikolai Reek, Estonian general and politician, 11th Estonian Minister of War (died 1942)

Nikolai Reek VR I/2, VR II/2, VR II/3 was the Estonian military commander during the Estonian War of Independence.


01/02/1887

Charles Nordhoff, English-American lieutenant, pilot, and author (died 1947)

Charles Bernard Nordhoff was an American novelist and traveler, born in England. Nordhoff is perhaps best known for The Bounty Trilogy, three historical novels he wrote with James Norman Hall: Mutiny on the Bounty (1932), Men Against the Sea (1934) and Pitcairn's Island (1934). During World War I, he served as a driver in the Ambulance Corps as well as an aviator in both the French Air Force's Lafayette Flying Corps and the United States Army Air Service, reaching the rank of lieutenant. After the war, Nordhoff spent much of his life on the island of Tahiti, where he and Hall wrote a number of successful adventure books, many adapted for film.


01/02/1884

Bradbury Robinson, American football player and physician (died 1949)

Bradbury Norton Robinson Jr. was a pioneering American football player, physician, nutritionist, conservationist and local politician. He played college football at the University of Wisconsin in 1903 and at Saint Louis University from 1904 to 1907. In 1904, through personal connections to Wisconsin governor Robert M. La Follette, Sr. and his wife, Belle Case, Robinson learned of calls for reforms to the game of football from President Theodore Roosevelt, and began to develop tactics for passing. After moving to Saint Louis University, Robinson threw the first legal forward pass in the history of American football on September 5, 1906, at a game at Carroll College in Waukesha, Wisconsin. He became the sport's first triple threat man, excelling at running, passing, and kicking. He was also a member of St. Louis' "Olympic World's Champions" football team in 1904.


Yevgeny Zamyatin, Russian journalist and author (died 1937)

Yevgeny Ivanovich Zamyatin, sometimes anglicized as Eugene Zamiatin, was a Russian author of science fiction, philosophy, literary criticism, and political satire.


01/02/1882

Vladimir Dimitrov, Bulgarian artist (died 1960)

Vladimir "the Master/Maystora" Dimitrov Poppetrov was a Bulgarian painter, draughtsman and teacher. He is considered one of the most talented 20th century Bulgarian painters and probably the most remarkable stylist in Bulgarian painting in the post-Russo-Turkish War era.


Louis St. Laurent, Canadian lawyer and politician, 12th Prime Minister of Canada (died 1973)

Louis Stephen St. Laurent was a Canadian lawyer and politician who served as the 12th prime minister of Canada from 1948 to 1957.


01/02/1881

Tip Snooke, South African cricketer (died 1966)

Sibley John "Tip" Snooke played Test cricket for South Africa as an all-rounder, captaining the side to victory 3–2 against England in a five-Test series in South Africa in 1909–10. He played in 26 Test matches, playing the first 23 between 1906 and 1912, and he was recalled aged 41 for three further Test matches against England in South Africa in 1922–23.


01/02/1878

Alfréd Hajós, Hungarian swimmer and architect, designed the Grand Hotel Aranybika (died 1955)

Alfréd Hajós was a Hungarian swimmer, football (soccer) player, referee, manager, and career architect. He was the first modern Olympic swimming champion and the first Olympic champion of Hungary. Formerly excelling in track including discus and hurdles, he was part of the first National European football/soccer team fielded by Hungary in 1902, later serving as a referee as well as the manager and coach of the national football team.


Milan Hodža, Slovak journalist and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (died 1944)

Milan Hodža was a Slovak politician and journalist, serving from 1935 to 1938 as the prime minister of Czechoslovakia. As a proponent of regional integration, he was known for his attempts to establish a democratic federation of Central European states.


01/02/1874

Hugo von Hofmannsthal, Austrian author, poet, and playwright (died 1929)

Hugo Laurenz August Hofmann von Hofmannsthal was an Austrian novelist, librettist, poet, dramatist, narrator, and essayist.


01/02/1873

John Barry, Irish soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (died 1901)

John Barry, born St Mary's parish, Kilkenny, Ireland, was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.


01/02/1872

Clara Butt, English opera singer (died 1936)

Dame Clara Ellen Butt was an English dramatic contralto and one of the most popular singers from the 1890s through to the 1920s. She had an exceptionally fine contralto voice and an agile singing technique, and impressed contemporary composers such as Saint-Saëns and Elgar; the latter composed his Sea Pictures, Op. 37 with her voice in mind.


Jerome F. Donovan, American lawyer and politician (died 1949)

Jerome Francis Donovan was an American lawyer and politician who served two terms as a United States representative from New York from 1918 to 1921.


01/02/1870

Erik Adolf von Willebrand, Finnish physician (died 1949)

Erik Adolf von Willebrand was a Finnish physician who made major contributions to hematology. Von Willebrand disease and von Willebrand factor are named after him. He also researched metabolism, obesity and gout, and was one of the first Finnish physicians to use insulin to treat a diabetic coma.


01/02/1868

Ștefan Luchian, Romanian painter and illustrator (died 1917)

Ștefan Luchian was a Romanian painter, famous for his landscapes and still life works.


01/02/1866

Agda Meyerson, Swedish nurse and healthcare activist (died 1924)

Agda Meyerson was a Swedish nurse who became an activist to improve the education, pay and working conditions of her profession. She served as vice chair of the Swedish Nursing Association in 1910 and on the board of numerous nursing facilities. She is recognized as one of the pioneers of the profession in Sweden.


01/02/1859

Victor Herbert, Irish-American cellist, composer, and conductor (died 1924)

Victor August Herbert was an American composer, cellist and conductor of English and Irish ancestry and German training. Although Herbert enjoyed important careers as a cello soloist and conductor, he is best known for composing many successful operettas that premiered on Broadway from the 1890s to World War I. He was also prominent among the Tin Pan Alley composers and was later a founder of the American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers (ASCAP). A prolific composer, Herbert produced two operas, a cantata, 43 operettas, incidental music to 10 plays, 31 compositions for orchestra, nine band compositions, nine cello compositions, five violin compositions with piano or orchestra, 22 piano compositions and numerous songs, choral compositions and orchestrations of works by other composers, among other music.


01/02/1858

Ignacio Bonillas, Mexican diplomat (died 1942)

Ignacio Bonillas Fraijo was a Mexican diplomat. He was a Mexican ambassador to the United States and held a degree in mine engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was tapped by President Venustiano Carranza as his successor in the 1920 presidential elections, but the revolt of three Sonoran revolutionary generals overthrew Carranza before those elections took place.


01/02/1851

Durham Stevens, American lawyer and diplomat (died 1908)

Durham White Stevens was an American diplomat and later an employee of Japan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, working for the Japanese colonial office in Korea, the Resident-General. He was fatally shot by Korean-American activists Jang In-hwan and Jeon Myeong-un in one of the first acts of nationalist rebellion by pro-Korean activists in the United States.


01/02/1844

G. Stanley Hall, American psychologist and academic (died 1924)

Granville Stanley Hall was an American psychologist and educator who earned the first doctorate in psychology awarded in the United States of America at Harvard University in the nineteenth century. His interests focused on human life span development and evolutionary theory. Hall was the first president of the American Psychological Association and the first president of Clark University. A 2002 survey by Review of General Psychology ranked Hall as the 72nd most cited psychologist of the 20th century, in a tie with Lewis Terman.


01/02/1836

Emil Hartmann, Danish organist and composer (died 1898)

Emil Hartmann was a Danish composer of the romantic period, fourth generation of composers in the Danish Hartmann musical family. His music is distinctly Nordic and tuneful and won great popularity in his time.


01/02/1820

George Hendric Houghton, American clergyman and theologian (died 1897)

George Hendric Houghton was an American Protestant Episcopal clergyman.


01/02/1801

Émile Littré, French lexicographer and philosopher (died 1881)

Émile Maximilien Paul Littré was a French lexicographer, freemason and philosopher, best known for his Dictionnaire de la langue française, commonly called le Littré.


01/02/1796

Abraham Emanuel Fröhlich, Swiss minister, poet, and educator (died 1865)

Abraham Emanuel Fröhlich was a Swiss poet.


01/02/1763

Thomas Campbell, Irish minister and theologian (died 1854)

Thomas Campbell was an Irish–American Presbyterian minister who became prominent during the Second Great Awakening of the United States. Born in County Down, he began a religious reform movement on the American frontier. He was joined in the work by his son, Alexander. Their movement, known as the "Disciples of Christ", merged in 1832 with the similar movement led by Barton W. Stone to form what is now described as the American Restoration Movement.


01/02/1761

Christiaan Hendrik Persoon, South African-French mycologist and academic (died 1836)

Christiaan Hendrik Persoon was a Cape Colony mycologist who is recognized as one of the founders of mycological taxonomy.


01/02/1701

Johan Agrell, Swedish-German pianist and composer (died 1765)

Johan Joachim Agrell was a late German/Swedish baroque composer.


01/02/1690

Francesco Maria Veracini, Italian violinist and composer (died 1768)

Francesco Maria Veracini was an Italian composer and violinist, perhaps best known for his sets of violin sonatas. As a composer, according to Manfred Bukofzer, "His individual, if not subjective, style has no precedent in baroque music and clearly heralds the end of the entire era", while Luigi Torchi maintained that "he rescued the imperiled music of the eighteenth century", His contemporary, Charles Burney, held that "he had certainly a great share of whim and caprice, but he built his freaks on a good foundation, being an excellent contrapuntist". The asteroid 10875 Veracini was named after him.


01/02/1687

Johann Adam Birkenstock, German violinist and composer (died 1733)

Johann Adam Birkenstock was a German composer and violinist. He was regarded as one of the foremost violinists of his day.


01/02/1666

Marie Thérèse de Bourbon, Princess of Conti and titular queen of Poland (died 1732)

Marie Thérèse de Bourbon was the titular Queen consort of Poland in 1697. She was the daughter of the Prince of Condé. As a member of France's reigning House of Bourbon, she was a princesse du sang.


01/02/1663

Ignacia del Espíritu Santo, Filipino nun, founded the Religious of the Virgin Mary (died 1748)

Ignacia del Espíritu Santo luco, also known as "Mother Ignacia" was a Filipino religious sister of the Catholic Church. She was known for her acts of piety and religious poverty and founded the Congregation of the Sisters of the Religious of the Virgin Mary, the first congregation for native Filipino women with approved pontifical status on the Philippines.


01/02/1659

Jacob Roggeveen, Dutch explorer (died 1729)

Jacob Roggeveen was a Dutch explorer who was sent to find Terra Australis and Davis Land, but instead found Easter Island. Jacob Roggeveen was the first European to find Bora Bora and Maupiti of the Society Islands, as well as Samoa. He planned the expedition along with his brother Jan Roggeveen, who stayed in the Netherlands.


01/02/1648

Elkanah Settle, English poet and playwright (died 1724)

Elkanah Settle was an English poet and playwright.


01/02/1635

Marquard Gude, German archaeologist and scholar (died 1689)

Marquard Gude (Gudius) (1 February 1635 – 26 November 1689) was a German archaeologist and classical scholar, most famous for his collection of Greek and Latin inscriptions.


01/02/1561

Henry Briggs, British mathematician (died 1630)

Henry Briggs was an English mathematician notable for changing the original logarithms invented by John Napier into common logarithms, which are sometimes known as Briggsian logarithms in his honor. The specific algorithm for long division in modern use was introduced by Briggs c. 1600 AD.


01/02/1552

Edward Coke, English lawyer, judge, and politician, Attorney General for England and Wales (died 1634)

Sir Edward Coke was an English barrister, judge, and politician. He is often considered the greatest jurist of the Elizabethan and Jacobean eras.


01/02/1462

Johannes Trithemius, German lexicographer, historian, and cryptographer (died 1516)

Johannes Trithemius, born Johann Heidenberg, was a German Benedictine abbot and a polymath who was active in the German Renaissance as a lexicographer, chronicler, cryptographer, and occultist. He is considered the founder of modern cryptography and steganography, as well as the founder of bibliography and literary studies as branches of knowledge. He had considerable influence on the development of early modern and modern occultism. His students included Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa and Paracelsus.


01/02/1459

Conrad Celtes, German poet and scholar (died 1508)

Conrad Celtes was a German Renaissance humanist scholar and poet of the German Renaissance born in Franconia. He led the theatrical performances at the Viennese court and reformed the syllabi.


01/02/1447

Eberhard II, Duke of Württemberg (died 1504)

Eberhard VI/II was a German nobleman. He was Count of Württemberg-Stuttgart from 1480 to 1496 as Eberhard VI, then Duke of Württemberg from 1496 to June 1498 as Eberhard II.


01/02/1435

Amadeus IX, Duke of Savoy (died 1472)

Amadeus IX, nicknamed the Happy, was the Duke of Savoy from 1465 to 1472. Known for his piety, charity, and gentle nature, he is venerated by the Catholic Church with a liturgical feast on 30 March. He was beatified by Pope Innocent XI in 1677.


01/02/1261

Walter de Stapledon, English bishop and politician, Lord High Treasurer (died 1326)

Walter Stapeldon was an English cleric and administrator who was Bishop of Exeter from 1308 and twice served as Lord High Treasurer of England, in 1320 and from 1322 to 1325. He founded what became Exeter College, Oxford and contributed liberally to the rebuilding of Exeter Cathedral, where his tomb and monument survive. He was killed by a mob during the London uprising.


Lives Remembered on 31st January

On 31st January, 105 remarkable people passed away — from 583 to 2025. Remember the lives and legacies of those we lost on this day.

01/02/2025

Horst Köhler, Polish-German economist and politician, 9th President of Germany (born 1943)

Horst Köhler was a German politician who served as President of Germany from 2004 to 2010. As the candidate of the two Christian Democratic sister parties and also candidate of the liberal FDP, Köhler was elected to his first five-year term by the Federal Convention on 23 May 2004 and was subsequently inaugurated on 1 July 2004. He was reelected to a second term on 23 May 2009. Just a year later, on 31 May 2010, he resigned from his office in a controversy over a comment on the role of the German Armed Forces in light of a visit to the troops in Afghanistan. During his tenure as president, whose office is mostly concerned with ceremonial matters, Köhler was a highly popular politician, with approval rates above those of both Chancellor Gerhard Schröder and later Chancellor Angela Merkel.


Fay Vincent, American lawyer and businessman, 8th Commissioner of Baseball (born 1938)

Francis Thomas "Fay" Vincent Jr. was an American entertainment lawyer, securities regulator, and sports executive who served as the eighth commissioner of baseball from September 13, 1989, to September 7, 1992.


01/02/2022

Remi De Roo, Canadian bishop of the Catholic Church (born 1924)

Remi Joseph De Roo was a Canadian bishop of the Catholic Church. He was Bishop of Victoria from 1962 to 1999 and the longest-serving Catholic bishop in Canada at the time of his retirement. He was also the last living bishop who had attended all sessions of the Second Vatican Council. He was notable for his advocacy of social justice and for making investments that impacted diocesan finances.


01/02/2021

Dustin Diamond, American actor, director, stand-up comedian, and musician (born 1977)

Dustin Neil Diamond was an American actor and stand-up comedian. He is best known for portraying Samuel "Screech" Powers throughout the Saved by the Bell franchise, appearing from the first episodes of Good Morning, Miss Bliss (1988–89) through the subsequent spinoffs with The College Years (1993–94) and the last six seasons of The New Class (1994–2000); alongside Dennis Haskins, Diamond was the only person to appear in each of the first three Saved by the Bell shows. Following his run on Saved by the Bell, Diamond toured in stand-up comedy alongside appearances in film and reality television, most notably with the fifth season of Celebrity Fit Club in 2007.


Temur Tsiklauri, Georgian pop singer and actor (born 1946)

Temur Tsiklauri was a Georgian pop singer, actor, and a member of the ensemble VIA Iveria. Tsiklauri was awarded the title Honored Artist of Georgia in 1980, People's Artist of Georgia in 1990, and Honorary Citizen of Tbilisi in 2010.


01/02/2019

Jeremy Hardy, English comedian, radio host and panelist (born 1961)

Jeremy James Hardy was an English comedian. Born and raised in Hampshire, Hardy studied at the University of Southampton and began his stand-up career in the 1980s, going on to win the Perrier Comedy Award at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe in 1988. He is best known for his appearances on radio panel shows such as the News Quiz and I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue.


Clive Swift, English actor (born 1936)

Clive Walter Swift was an English actor and songwriter. A classically trained actor, his stage work included performances with the Royal Shakespeare Company, but he was best known to television viewers for his role as Richard Bucket in the BBC sitcom Keeping Up Appearances. He played many other television and film roles.


Wade Wilson, American football player and coach (born 1959)

Charles Wade Wilson was an American professional football player who was a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Minnesota Vikings, Atlanta Falcons, New Orleans Saints, Dallas Cowboys, and Oakland Raiders in a seventeen-year NFL career from 1981 to 1998. He was quarterbacks coach for the Dallas Cowboys from 2000 to 2002 and from 2007 to 2017, and also for the Chicago Bears from 2004 to 2006. He played college football for East Texas State Lions, where he was an NAIA All-American quarterback and led the Lions to the NAIA national semifinals during the 1980 season.


01/02/2018

Barys Kit, Belarusian rocket scientist (born 1910)

Barys Kit was a Belarusian-American rocket scientist.


Mowzey Radio, Ugandan singer and songwriter (born 1985)

Moses Nakintije Ssekibogo, also known as Mowzey Radio, sometimes referred to as Moses Radio, was a Ugandan musician. He was one of the main performers of the Ugandan music group Goodlyfe Crew together with Jose Chameleone's brother Weasel Manizo.


01/02/2017

Desmond Carrington, British actor and broadcaster (born 1926)

Desmond Herbert Carrington was a British broadcaster and actor whose career spanned 75 years. He was best known for his weekly show on BBC Radio 2 which aired for 35 years, from 4 October 1981 until his final broadcast on 28 October 2016. He appeared in such films as Calamity the Cow (1967) and also acted on TV, where he became known for his role as Dr. Anderson in Emergency Ward 10. He was born in Bromley, Kent, England and lived in Perth, Scotland from 1995 until his death.


01/02/2016

Óscar Humberto Mejía Victores, Guatemalan general and politician, 27th President of Guatemala (born 1930)

Óscar Humberto Mejía Víctores was a Guatemalan military officer and politician who served as the Head of Government from August 1983 to January 1986. A member of the military, he was head of state during the apex of repression and death squad activity in the Central American nation. When he was minister of defense, he rallied a coup against President Ríos Montt, which he justified by declaring that religious fanatics were abusing the government. He allowed for a return to democracy, with elections for a constituent assembly being held in 1984, followed by general elections in 1985.


01/02/2015

Aldo Ciccolini, Italian-French pianist (born 1925)

Aldo Ciccolini was an Italian pianist who became a naturalized French citizen in 1971.


Udo Lattek, German footballer, manager, and sportscaster (born 1935)

Udo Lattek was a German professional football player and coach.


Monty Oum, American animator, director, and screenwriter (born 1981)

Monyreak "Monty" Oum was an American web-based animator and writer.


01/02/2014

Luis Aragonés, Spanish footballer and manager (born 1938)

Luis Aragonés Suárez was a Spanish football player and manager.


Vasily Petrov, Russian marshal (born 1917)

Vasiliy Ivanovich Petrov was a Soviet and Russian military officer and Marshal of the Soviet Union. He served as Commander-in-Chief of the Soviet Ground Forces from 1980 to 1985.


Rene Ricard, American poet, painter, and critic (born 1946)

Rene Ricard was an American poet, actor, art critic, and painter.


Maximilian Schell, Austrian-Swiss actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1930)

Maximilian Schell was a Swiss actor, theatre director, filmmaker, and musician of Austrian origin. He was one of the most internationally acclaimed German-speaking actors of his generation, earning accolades for his work on both screen and stage. Born and initially raised in Vienna, where his parents were involved in the arts, he grew up surrounded by performance and literature. While he was still a child, his family fled to Switzerland in 1938 when Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany, and they settled in Zürich. After the Second World War, Schell took up acting and directing full-time.


01/02/2013

Helene Hale, American politician (born 1918)

Helene Eleanor Hale was an American politician from the state of Hawaii.


Ed Koch, American lawyer, judge, and politician, 105th Mayor of New York City (born 1924)

Edward Irving Koch was an American politician who served in the United States House of Representatives from 1969 to 1977 and was mayor of New York City from 1978 to 1989. A popular figure, Koch rode the New York City Subway and stood at street corners greeting passersby with the slogan "How'm I doin'?"


Shanu Lahiri, Indian painter and educator (born 1928)

Shanu Lahiri was a painter and art educator from Kolkata. She was one of Kolkata's most prominent public artists, often called "the city's First Lady of Public Art", undertaking extensive graffiti art drives across Kolkata to beautify the city and hide aggressive political sloganeering. Her paintings are housed in the Salar Jung Museum and the National Gallery of Modern Art.


Cecil Womack, American singer-songwriter and producer (born 1947)

Cecil Dale Womack was an American singer, songwriter and record producer. He was one of the musical Womack brothers, and had success both as a songwriter and recording artist, notably with his second wife Linda as Womack & Womack. In later years he took the name Zekkariyas.


01/02/2012

Don Cornelius, American television host and producer (born 1936)

Donald Cortez Cornelius was an American television show host and producer widely known as the creator of the nationally syndicated dance and music show Soul Train, which he hosted from 1970 until 1993. Cornelius sold the show to MadVision Entertainment in 2008. On November 3, 2023, he was posthumously inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame with the Ahmet Ertegun Award.


Wisława Szymborska, Polish poet and translator, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1923)

Maria Wisława Anna Szymborska was a Polish poet, essayist, translator, and recipient of the 1996 Nobel Prize in Literature. Born in Prowent, she resided in Kraków until the end of her life. In Poland, Szymborska's books have reached sales rivaling prominent prose authors, though she wrote in a poem, "Some Like Poetry", that "perhaps" two in a thousand people like poetry.


01/02/2010

Jack Brisco, American professional wrestler (born 1941)

Freddie Joe "Jack" Brisco was an American amateur wrestler and professional wrestler. As an amateur for Oklahoma State, Brisco was two-time All-American and won the NCAA Division I national championship. He turned pro shortly after and performed for various territories of the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA), becoming a two-time NWA World Heavyweight Champion, and multi-time NWA World Tag Team Champion with his brother Gerald Brisco.


01/02/2008

Beto Carrero, Brazilian actor and businessman (born 1937)

Beto Carrero was a Brazilian theme park owner and entertainer. He was the creator of the Beto Carrero World Park, in the municipality of Penha, on the northern coast of the Brazilian state of Santa Catarina, which is one of the largest in Latin America.


01/02/2007

Gian Carlo Menotti, Italian-American playwright and composer (born 1911)

Gian Carlo Menotti was an Italian composer, librettist, director, and playwright who is primarily known for his output of 25 operas. Although he often referred to himself as an American composer, he kept his Italian citizenship and never officially became an American citizen. One of the most frequently performed opera composers of the 20th century, he wrote his most successful works in the 1940s and 1950s. Highly influenced by Giacomo Puccini and Modest Mussorgsky, Menotti further developed the verismo tradition of opera in the post-World War II era. Rejecting atonality and the aesthetic of the Second Viennese School, Menotti's music is characterized by expressive lyricism which carefully sets language to natural rhythms in ways that highlight textual meaning and underscore dramatic intent.


01/02/2005

John Vernon, Canadian-American actor (born 1932)

John Keith Vernon was a Canadian actor. He made a career in Hollywood films after achieving initial television stardom in Canada, and was known for his roles as villainous authority figures.


01/02/2004

Suha Arın, Turkish director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1942)

Mustafa Suha Arın was a Turkish film director, writer, producer and educator.


01/02/2003

Space Shuttle Columbia crew

Michael Phillip Anderson was a United States Air Force officer and NASA astronaut. He and his six fellow crew members were killed in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster when the craft disintegrated during its re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere. Anderson served as the payload commander and lieutenant colonel in charge of science experiments on the Columbia. He was posthumously awarded the Congressional Space Medal of Honor.


Space Shuttle Columbia crew

David McDowell Brown was a United States Navy captain and NASA astronaut. He died on his first spaceflight, when the Space Shuttle Columbia (STS-107) disintegrated during orbital reentry into the Earth's atmosphere. Brown became an astronaut in 1996 but had not served on a space mission prior to the Columbia disaster. He was posthumously awarded the Congressional Space Medal of Honor.


Space Shuttle Columbia crew

Kalpana Chawla was an Indian-American astronaut and aerospace engineer who was the first woman of Indian origin to fly to space. Chawla expressed an interest in aerospace engineering from an early age and took engineering classes at Dayal Singh College and Punjab Engineering College in India. She then traveled to the United States, where she earned her MSc and PhD, becoming a naturalized United States citizen in the early 1990s.


Space Shuttle Columbia crew

Laurel Blair Clark was an American NASA astronaut, medical doctor, United States Navy captain, and Space Shuttle mission specialist. She died along with her six fellow crew members in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster. Clark was posthumously awarded the Congressional Space Medal of Honor.


Space Shuttle Columbia crew

Rick Douglas Husband was an American astronaut and fighter pilot. He traveled into space twice: as pilot of STS-96 and commander of STS-107. Husband and the rest of the crew of STS-107 were killed when Columbia disintegrated during reentry into the Earth's atmosphere. He is also a recipient of the Congressional Space Medal of Honor.


Space Shuttle Columbia crew

William Cameron "Willie" McCool was an American naval officer and aviator, test pilot, aeronautical engineer, and NASA astronaut, who was the pilot of Space Shuttle Columbia mission STS-107. He and the rest of the crew of STS-107 were killed when Columbia disintegrated during reentry into the atmosphere. McCool was posthumously awarded the Congressional Space Medal of Honor.


Space Shuttle Columbia crew

Ilan Ramon was an Israeli fighter pilot and later the first Israeli astronaut. He served as a Space Shuttle payload specialist on STS-107, the fatal mission of Columbia, in which he and the six other crew members were killed when the spacecraft disintegrated during re-entry. At 48, Ramon was the oldest member of the crew. He is the only foreign recipient of the United States Congressional Space Medal of Honor, which was awarded posthumously.


Mongo Santamaría, Cuban-American drummer and bandleader (born 1922)

Ramón "Mongo" Santamaría Rodríguez was a Cuban percussionist and bandleader who spent most of his career in the United States. Primarily a conga drummer, Santamaría was a leading figure in the pachanga and boogaloo dance crazes of the 1960s. His biggest hit was his rendition of Herbie Hancock's "Watermelon Man", which was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1998. From the 1970s, he recorded mainly salsa and Latin jazz, before retiring in the late 1990s.


01/02/2002

Aykut Barka, Turkish geologist and academic (born 1951)

Aykut Barka was a Turkish geoscientist specialized in seismology. He is best known for his contributions to understanding the behaviour of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ), one of the most dangerous active faults in the world.


Hildegard Knef, German actress and singer (born 1925)

Hildegard Frieda Albertine Knef was a German actress, singer, and writer. She was billed in some English-language films as Hildegard Neff or Hildegarde Neff.


01/02/2001

André D'Allemagne, Canadian political scientist and academic (born 1929)

André d'Allemagne was a translator, political science teacher, essayist and a militant for the independence of Quebec from Canada. Along with some 20 other people including Marcel Chaput and Jacques Bellemare, he was a founding member of the Rassemblement pour l'indépendance nationale (RIN).


01/02/1999

Paul Mellon, American art collector and philanthropist (born 1907)

Paul Mellon was an American philanthropist and a breeder of thoroughbred racehorses. He is one of only five people ever designated an "Exemplar of Racing" by the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame. He was co-heir to one of America's greatest business fortunes, derived from the Mellon Bank created by his grandfather Thomas Mellon, his father Andrew W. Mellon, and his uncle Richard B. Mellon. In 1957, when Fortune prepared its first list of the wealthiest Americans, it estimated that Paul Mellon, his sister Ailsa Mellon Bruce, and his cousins Sarah Mellon and Richard King Mellon, were all among the richest eight people in the United States, with fortunes between $400 million and $500 million each.


01/02/1997

Herb Caen, American journalist and author (born 1916)

Herbert Eugene Caen was a San Francisco humorist and journalist whose daily column of local goings-on and insider gossip, social and political happenings, and offbeat puns and anecdotes—"A continuous love letter to San Francisco"—appeared in the San Francisco Chronicle for almost sixty years and made him a household name throughout the San Francisco Bay Area.


01/02/1996

Ray Crawford, American race car driver, pilot, and businessman (born 1915)

Ray Crawford was an American fighter ace, test pilot, race-car driver and businessman.


01/02/1993

Sven Thofelt, Swedish modern pentathlete and épée fencer (born 1904)

Sven Alfred Thofelt was a Swedish modern pentathlete and épée fencer who competed at the 1928, 1932, 1936 and 1948 Summer Olympics.


01/02/1992

Jean Hamburger, French physician and surgeon (born 1909)

Jean Hamburger was a French physician, surgeon and essayist. He is particularly known for his contribution to nephrology, and for having performed the first renal transplantation in France in 1952.


01/02/1991

Ahmad Abd al-Ghafur Attar, Saudi Arabian writer and journalist (born 1916)

Ahmad Abd al-Ghafur Attar was a Saudi Arabian writer, journalist and poet, best known for his works about 20th-century Islamic challenges. Born in Mecca, capital city of Hejazi Hashemite Kingdom. He received a basic education and graduated from the Saudi Scientific Institute in 1937, took a scholarship for higher studies in Cairo University, then returned to his country and worked in some government offices before devoting himself to literature and research. Attar wrote many works about Arabic linguistic and Islamic studies, and gained fame as a Muslim apologist, anti-communist and anti-Zionist, he who believed in flexibility of Islamic jurisprudence for the modern era. Praised by Abbas Mahmoud al-Aqqad, he was also noted for his defense of Modern Standard Arabic against colloquial or spoken Arabic. In the 1960s, he established the famous Okaz newspaper and then the Kalimat al-Haqq magazine, which lasted only about eight months. He died at the age of 74 in Jeddah.


01/02/1989

Elaine de Kooning, American painter and academic (born 1918)

Elaine Marie Catherine de Kooning was an American painter and art critic. A key contributor to the abstract expressionist and Figurative Expressionist movements, she wrote extensively on the art of the period and was an editorial associate for ARTnews magazine. She was married to Dutch-American artist Willem de Kooning from 1943 until her death in 1989, though they were separated for much of that time.


Eduardo Franco, Uruguayan lead singer of the band "Los Iracundos" (born 1945)

Eduardo Franco Zannier was a singer and Uruguayan composer who gained international fame as the vocalist of the melodic group Los Iracundos.


01/02/1988

Heather O'Rourke, American child actress (born 1975)

Heather Michele O'Rourke was an American child actress. She had her breakthrough starring as Carol Anne Freeling in the supernatural horror film Poltergeist (1982), which received critical acclaim and established her as an influential figure in the genre. She went on to reprise the role in Poltergeist II: The Other Side (1986) and Poltergeist III (1988), the last of which was released posthumously.


01/02/1987

Alessandro Blasetti, Italian director and screenwriter (born 1900)

Alessandro Blasetti was an Italian film director and screenwriter who influenced Italian neorealism with the film Four Steps in the Clouds. Blasetti was one of the leading figures in Italian cinema during the Fascist era. He is sometimes known as the "father of Italian cinema" because of his role in reviving the struggling industry in the late 1920s.


01/02/1986

Alva Myrdal, Swedish sociologist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1902)

Alva Myrdal was a Swedish sociologist, diplomat and politician. She was a prominent leader of the disarmament movement. She, along with Alfonso García Robles, received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1982. She married Gunnar Myrdal in 1924; he received the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1974, making them the fourth ever married couple to have won Nobel Prizes, and the first to win independent of each other.


01/02/1981

Donald Wills Douglas, Sr., American engineer and businessman, founded the Douglas Aircraft Company (born 1892)

Donald Wills Douglas Sr. was an American aircraft industrialist and engineer.


Geirr Tveitt, Norwegian pianist and composer (born 1908)

Geirr Tveitt was a Norwegian composer and pianist. Tveitt was a central figure of the national movement in Norwegian cultural life during the 1930s.


01/02/1980

Yolanda González (activist), Basque activist (born1961)

Yolanda González Martín was a Spanish student and communist militant murdered by two members of New Force.


01/02/1979

Abdi İpekçi, Turkish journalist and activist (born 1929)

Abdi İpekçi was a Turkish journalist, intellectual and human rights activist. He was murdered when he was editor-in-chief of one of the main Turkish daily newspapers Milliyet which then had a centre-left political stance.


01/02/1976

Werner Heisenberg, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1901)

Werner Karl Heisenberg was a German theoretical physicist, one of the main pioneers of the theory of quantum mechanics and a principal scientist in the German nuclear program during World War II.


George Whipple, American physician and pathologist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1878)

George Hoyt Whipple was an American physician, pathologist, biomedical researcher, and medical school educator and administrator. Whipple shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1934 with George Richards Minot and William Parry Murphy "for their discoveries concerning liver therapy in cases of anemia". This makes Whipple the first of several Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of Rochester.


01/02/1970

Alfréd Rényi, Hungarian mathematician and academic (born 1921)

Alfréd Rényi was a Hungarian mathematician known for his work in probability theory, though he also made contributions in combinatorics, graph theory, and number theory.


01/02/1968

Echol Cole and Robert Walker - sparking the Memphis Sanitation Workers Strike

Echol Cole and Robert Walker were sanitation workers who died accidentally in Memphis, Tennessee at the corner of Colonial Rd. and Verne Rd. on February 1, 1968. While working that day, the pair sought refuge from a rainstorm in the compactor area of their garbage truck. The two African American men were prevented from seeking shelter from the rain inside a building due to segregation laws. They were killed when the compactor accidentally activated. Their deaths were a precursor to the Memphis sanitation strike, during which the prominent civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated.


01/02/1966

Hedda Hopper, American actress and journalist (born 1885)

Elda Furry, known professionally as Hedda Hopper, was an American gossip columnist and actress. At the height of her influence in the 1940s, more than 35 million people read her columns. A strong supporter of the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) hearings, Hopper named suspected Communists and was a major proponent of the Hollywood blacklist. Hopper continued to write her gossip column until her death in 1966. Her work appeared in many magazines and later on radio. She had an extended public feud with Louella Parsons, an arch-rival and fellow gossip columnist.


Buster Keaton, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1895)

Joseph Frank "Buster" Keaton was an American actor, comedian and filmmaker. He is best known for his silent films during the 1920s, in which he performed physical comedy and inventive stunts. He frequently maintained a stoic, deadpan facial expression that became his trademark and earned him the nickname "The Great Stone Face".


01/02/1965

Johan Scharffenberg, Norwegian psychiatrist (born 1869)

Johan Scharffenberg was a Norwegian psychiatrist, politician, speaker and writer.


01/02/1959

Madame Sul-Te-Wan, American actress (born 1873)

Madame Sul-Te-Wan was an American actress.


01/02/1958

Clinton Davisson, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1888)

Clinton Joseph Davisson was an American experimental physicist who shared the 1937 Nobel Prize in Physics with George Paget Thomson "for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals."


01/02/1957

Friedrich Paulus, German general (born 1890)

Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst Paulus was a German Generalfeldmarschall during World War II who is best known for his surrender of the German 6th Army during the Battle of Stalingrad. The battle ended in disaster for the Wehrmacht when Soviet forces encircled the Germans within the city, leading to the ultimate death or capture of most of the 265,000-strong 6th Army, their Axis allies, and collaborators.


01/02/1949

Nicolae Dumitru Cocea, Romanian journalist, author, and activist (born 1880)

N. D. Cocea was a Romanian journalist, novelist, critic and left-wing political activist, known as a major but controversial figure in the field of political satire. The founder of many newspapers and magazines, including Viața Socială, Rampa, Facla and Chemarea, collaborating with writer friends such as Tudor Arghezi, Gala Galaction and Ion Vinea, he fostered and directed the development of early modernist literature in Romania. Cocea later made his name as a republican and anticlerical agitator, was arrested as an instigator during the 1907 peasant revolt, and played a leading role in regrouping the scattered socialist clubs. His allegiances however switched between parties: during World War I, he supported the Entente Powers and, as a personal witness of the October Revolution, the government of Soviet Russia, before returning home as a communist.


Herbert Stothart, American conductor and composer (born 1885)

Herbert Pope Stothart was an American songwriter, arranger, conductor, and composer. He was nominated for ten Academy Awards and won Best Original Score for The Wizard of Oz. Stothart was widely acknowledged as a prominent member of the top tier of Hollywood composers during the 1930s and 1940s.


01/02/1944

Piet Mondrian, Dutch-American painter (born 1872)

Pieter Cornelis Mondriaan, known after 1911 as Piet Mondrian, was a Dutch painter and art theoretician, who is regarded as one of the greatest artists of the 20th century. He was one of the pioneers of 20th-century abstract art, as he changed his artistic direction from figurative painting to an increasingly abstract style, until he reached a point where his artistic vocabulary was taken down to simple geometric elements.


01/02/1940

Philip Francis Nowlan, American author, created Buck Rogers (born 1888)

Philip Francis Nowlan was an American science fiction writer, best known as the creator of Buck Rogers.


Zacharias Papantoniou, Greek journalist and critic (born 1877)

Zacharias Papantoniou was a Greek writer.


01/02/1936

Georgios Kondylis, Greek general and politician, 128th Prime Minister of Greece (born 1878)

Georgios Kondylis was a Greek general, politician and prime minister of Greece. He was nicknamed "Keravnos", Greek for "thunder" or "thunderbolt".


01/02/1928

Hughie Jennings, American baseball player and manager (born 1869)

Hugh Ambrose Jennings was an American professional baseball player, coach and manager from 1891 to 1925. Jennings was a leader, both as a batter and as a shortstop, with the Baltimore Orioles teams that won National League championships in 1894, 1895, and 1896. During those three seasons, Jennings had 355 runs batted in and hit .335, .386, and .401.


01/02/1924

Maurice Prendergast, American painter (born 1858)

Maurice Brazil Prendergast was a Newfoundlander-American artist who painted in oil and watercolor, and created monotypes. His delicate landscapes and scenes of modern life, characterized by mosaic-like color, are generally associated with Post-Impressionism. Prendergast, however, was also a member of The Eight, a group of early twentieth-century American artists who, aside from Prendergast, represented the Ashcan School.


01/02/1922

William Desmond Taylor, American actor and director (born 1872)

William Desmond Taylor was an Anglo-Irish-American film director and actor. A popular figure in the growing Hollywood motion picture colony of the 1910s and early 1920s, Taylor directed fifty-nine silent films between 1914 and 1922 and acted in twenty-seven between 1913 and 1915.


01/02/1917

Georg Andreas Bull, Norwegian architect (born 1829)

Georg Andreas Bull was a Norwegian architect and chief building inspector in Christiania for forty years. He was among the major architects in the country, and performed surveying studies and archeological research.


01/02/1916

James Boucaut, English-Australian politician, 11th Premier of South Australia (born 1831)

Sir James Penn Boucaut (;) was a South Australian politician and Australian judge. He was a member of the South Australian House of Assembly on four occasions: from 1861 to 1862 for City of Adelaide, from 1865 to 1870 for West Adelaide (1865–1868) and The Burra (1868–1870), from 1871 to 1878 for West Torrens (1871–1875) and Encounter Bay (1875–1878), and a final stint in Encounter Bay in 1878.


01/02/1908

Carlos I of Portugal (born 1863)

Dom Carlos I, known as "the Diplomat", "the Oceanographer" among many other names, was King of Portugal from 1889 until his assassination in 1908. He was the first Portuguese king to die a violent death since King Sebastian in 1578, the only one to be assassinated, and penultimate Portuguese head of state to die a violent death.


01/02/1907

Léon Serpollet, French businessman (born 1858)

Léon Serpollet was a French engineer and developer of flash steam boilers and steam automobiles.


01/02/1903

Sir George Stokes, Anglo-Irish physicist, mathematician, and politician (born 1819)

Sir George Gabriel Stokes, 1st Baronet, was an Irish mathematician and physicist. Born in County Sligo, Ireland, Stokes spent his entire career at the University of Cambridge, where he served as Lucasian Professor of Mathematics for 54 years—from 1849 until his death in 1903—the longest tenure held by any Lucasian Professor.


01/02/1897

Constantin von Ettingshausen, Austrian geologist and botanist (born 1826)

Constantin Freiherr von Ettingshausen was an Austrian botanist known for his paleobotanical studies of flora from the Tertiary era. He was the son of physicist Andreas von Ettingshausen.


01/02/1893

George Henry Sanderson, American lawyer and politician, 22nd Mayor of San Francisco (born 1824)

George Henry Sanderson was a politician of the United States Republican Party. Sanderson was born in Boston, Massachusetts, and traveled to San Francisco during the 1849 Gold Rush in California. He served as the 22nd Mayor of San Francisco from January 5, 1891, to January 3, 1893.


01/02/1871

Alexander Serov, Russian composer and critic (born 1820)

Alexander Nikolayevich Serov was a Russian composer and music critic. He is notable as one of the most important music critics in Russia during the 1850s and 1860s and as the most significant Russian composer in the period between Dargomyzhsky's Rusalka and the works of Rimsky-Korsakov, Mussorgsky, and Tchaikovsky.


01/02/1851

Mary Shelley, English novelist and playwright (born 1797)

Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley was an English novelist who wrote the Gothic novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus (1818), which is considered an early example of science fiction. She also edited and promoted the works of her husband, the Romantic poet and philosopher Percy Bysshe Shelley. Her father was the political philosopher William Godwin and her mother was the philosopher and women's rights advocate Mary Wollstonecraft.


01/02/1832

Archibald Murphey, American judge and politician (born 1777)

Archibald DeBow Murphey was an American attorney, jurist, and politician who was known as the "Father of Education" in North Carolina. He served in the North Carolina State Senate from 1812 to 1818. While serving as a state senator, he proposed establishing a funded program for public education in the lower grades, in addition to creating public works to enhance economic development in the state.


01/02/1803

Anders Chydenius, Finnish economist, philosopher and Lutheran priest (born 1729)

Anders Chydenius was a Swedish-Finnish Lutheran priest, member of the Swedish Riksdag, and one of the most important champions of democratic development in 18th-century Sweden, known as the leading classical liberal of Nordic history. He championed free trade, freedom of the press, and the rights of servants, labourers and the rural poor.


01/02/1793

William Barrington, 2nd Viscount Barrington, English politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (born 1717)

William Wildman Shute Barrington, 2nd Viscount Barrington, PC, was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons for 38 years from 1740 to 1778. He was best known for his two periods as Secretary at War during Britain's involvement in the Seven Years War and American War of Independence.


01/02/1768

Sir Robert Rich, 4th Baronet, English field marshal and politician (born 1685)

Field Marshal Sir Robert Rich, 4th Baronet was a British Army officer and politician. As a junior officer he fought at the Battle of Schellenberg and at the Battle of Blenheim during the War of the Spanish Succession. He was then asked to raise a regiment to combat the threat from the Jacobite rising of 1715. He also served with the Pragmatic Army under the Earl of Stair at the Battle of Dettingen during the War of the Austrian Succession. As a Member of Parliament he represented three different constituencies but never attained political office.


01/02/1761

Pierre François Xavier de Charlevoix, French priest and historian (born 1682)

Pierre François Xavier de Charlevoix, S.J. was a French Jesuit priest, traveller, and historian, often considered the first historian of New France.


01/02/1750

Bakar of Georgia (born 1699)

Bakar, of the Bagrationi dynasty, was appointed regent of Kartli in 1716, and in the absence of Vakhtang VI, he ruled as king (mepe) of Kartli from 1717 to 1719 under the Persian title Shah Navaz Khan III, and briefly reigned again from 1723 to 1724 under the Ottoman title Ibrahim Pasha.


01/02/1743

Giuseppe Ottavio Pitoni, Italian organist and composer (born 1657)

Giuseppe Ottavio Pitoni was an Italian organist and composer. He became one of the leading musicians in Rome during the late Baroque era, the first half of the 18th century.


01/02/1734

John Floyer, English physician and author (born 1649)

Sir John Floyer was an English physician and writer.


01/02/1733

Augustus II the Strong, Polish king (born 1670)

Augustus II the Strong, was Elector of Saxony as Frederick Augustus I from 1694 as well as King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1697 to 1706 and from 1709 until his death in 1733. He belonged to the Albertine branch of the House of Wettin.


01/02/1718

Charles Talbot, 1st Duke of Shrewsbury, English politician, Lord High Treasurer (born 1660)

Charles Talbot, 1st Duke of Shrewsbury was a British Whig statesman who was part of the Immortal Seven group that invited William of Orange to depose King James II of England during the Glorious Revolution. Born to Roman Catholic parents, he remained in that faith until 1679 when—during the time of the Popish Plot and following the advice of the divine John Tillotson—he converted to the Church of England. He was appointed to several minor roles before the revolution, but came to prominence as a member of William's government, under whom he served as Secretary of State in the 1690s.


01/02/1691

Pope Alexander VIII (born 1610)

Pope Alexander VIII, born Pietro Vito Ottoboni, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 6 October 1689 to his death in February 1691. He is the most recent pope to take the pontifical name "Alexander".


01/02/1590

Lawrence Humphrey, English theologian and academic (born 1527)

Lawrence Humphrey DD was an English theologian, who was President of Magdalen College, Oxford, and Dean successively of Gloucester and Winchester.


01/02/1563

Menas of Ethiopia

Menas or Minas, throne name Admas Sagad I, was Emperor of Ethiopia from 1559 until his death in 1563, and a member of the Solomonic dynasty. He was a brother of Gelawdewos and the son of Emperor Dawit II.


01/02/1542

Girolamo Aleandro, Italian cardinal (born 1480)

Hieronymus Aleander was a Venetian humanist, linguist, and cardinal.


01/02/1501

Sigismund of Bavaria (born 1439)

Sigismund of Bavaria was a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty. He ruled as Duke of Bavaria-Munich from 1460 to 1467, and then as Duke of Bavaria-Dachau until his death.


01/02/1328

Charles IV of France (born 1294)

Charles IV, called the Fair in France and the Bald in Navarre, was the last king of the direct line of the House of Capet, King of France and King of Navarre from 1322 to 1328. Charles was the third son of Philip IV; like his father, he was known as "the fair" or "the handsome".


01/02/1248

Henry II, Duke of Brabant (born 1207)

Henry II of Brabant was Duke of Brabant and Lothier after the death of his father Henry I in 1235. His mother was Matilda of Boulogne.


01/02/1222

Alexios Megas Komnenos, first Emperor of Trebizond

Alexios I Megas Komnenos or Alexius I Megas Comnenus with his brother David, the founder of the Empire of Trebizond and its ruler from 1204 until his death in 1222. The two brothers were the only male descendants of the Byzantine Emperor Andronikos I, who had been dethroned and killed in 1185, and thus claimed to represent the legitimate government of the Empire following the conquest of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in 1204. Although his rivals governing the Nicaean Empire succeeded in becoming the de facto successors, and rendered his dynastic claims to the imperial throne moot, Alexios' descendants continued to emphasize both their heritage and connection to the Komnenian dynasty by later referring to themselves as Megas Komnenos.


01/02/0850

Ramiro I, king of Asturias

Ramiro I was king of Asturias from 842 until his death in 850. Son of King Bermudo I, he became king following a succession struggle after his predecessor, Alfonso II, died without children. During his turbulent reign, he fended off attacks from both Vikings and the forces of al-Andalus. Architecturally, his recreational palace Santa María del Naranco and other buildings used the ramirense style that prefigured Romanesque architecture. He was a contemporary of Abd ar-Rahman II, Umayyad Emir of Córdoba.


01/02/0772

Pope Stephen III (born 720)

Pope Stephen III was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from 7 August 768 to his death on 24 January 772. Stephen was a Benedictine monk who worked in the Lateran Palace during the reign of Pope Zachary. In the midst of a tumultuous contest by rival factions to name a successor to Pope Paul I, Stephen was elected with the support of the Roman officials. He summoned the Lateran Council of 769, which sought to limit the influence of the nobles in papal elections. The council also opposed iconoclasm.


01/02/0583

Kan Bahlam I, ruler of Palenque (born 524)

Kan Bahlam I, also known as Chan Bahlum I, was an ajaw of the Maya city-state of Palenque. He acceded to the throne on April 6, 572 at age 47 and ruled until his death. Kan Bahlam was most likely the younger brother of his predecessor, Ahkal Moʼ Nahb II and probably son of Kʼan Joy Chitam I. He was the first ruler of Palenque to use the title Kʼinich, albeit inconsistently. The title is usually translated as "radiant" but literally means "sun-faced".


Celebrations & Special Days Worldwide on 31st January

Abolition of Slavery Day (Mauritius)

Mauritius, officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island country in the Indian Ocean, located about 1,100 nautical miles off the southeastern coast of East Africa, east of Madagascar. It includes the main island, as well as Rodrigues, Agaléga, and St. Brandon. The islands of Mauritius and Rodrigues, along with nearby Réunion, are part of the Mascarene Islands. The main island of Mauritius, where the population is concentrated, hosts the capital and largest city, Port Louis. The country spans 2,040 square kilometres (790 sq mi) and has an exclusive economic zone covering approximately 580,000 square nautical miles.


Air Force Day (Nicaragua)


Christian feast day: Blessed Candelaria of San José

Beatification is a recognition accorded by the Catholic Church of a deceased person's entrance into Heaven and capacity to intercede on behalf of individuals who pray in their name. Beati is the plural form, referring to those who have undergone the process of beatification; they possess the title of "Blessed" before their names and are often referred to in English as "a Blessed" or, plurally, "Blesseds".


Christian feast day: Brigid of Ireland (Saint Brigid's Day)

Brigid of Kildare or Brigid of Ireland is the patroness saint of Ireland, and one of its three national saints along with Patrick and Columba. According to medieval Irish hagiographies, she was an abbess who founded the important abbey of Kildare, as well as several other convents of nuns. There is little historical evidence of her. Her hagiographies primarily focus on her miracles, and many stories about her have their basis in Irish pagan folklore. They say Brigid was the daughter of an Irish clan chief and an enslaved Christian woman, and was fostered in a druid's household before becoming a consecrated virgin. She is patroness of many things, including poetry, learning, healing, protection, blacksmithing, livestock, and dairy production. In her honour, a perpetual fire was kept burning at Kildare for centuries.


Christian feast day: Verdiana

Veridiana (Virginia Margaret del Mazziere) (1182 – 1 February 1242) is an Italian saint. Having made pilgrimages to Santiago de Compostela and Rome, she then became an anchoress.


Christian feast day: February 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

January 31 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - February 2


Earliest day on which Constitution Day can fall, while February 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday in February. (Mexico)

The current Constitution of Mexico, formally the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, was drafted in Santiago de Querétaro, in the State of Querétaro, Mexico, by a constituent convention during the Mexican Revolution. It was approved by the Constituent Congress on 5 February 1917, and was later amended several times. It is the successor to the Constitution of 1857, and earlier Mexican constitutions. "The Constitution of 1917 is the legal triumph of the Mexican Revolution. To some it is the revolution."


Federal Territory Day (Kuala Lumpur, Labuan and Putrajaya, Malaysia)

Federal Territory Day is a territorial public holiday observed annually on 1 February by the federal territories of Kuala Lumpur, Labuan and Putrajaya in Malaysia. The date marks the anniversary of the transfer of Kuala Lumpur from the state of Selangor to the federal government, which occurred on 1 February 1974.


Foundation Day (of the Ryukyu Kingdom, celebrated in Okinawa Prefecture)

Foundation Day is a designated date on which celebrations mark the founding of a nation, state or a creation of a military unit. This day is for countries that came into existence without the necessity of gaining independence. The term overlaps with national days.


Heroes Day (Rwanda)

This is a list of public holidays in Rwanda. Rwanda observes fourteen regular public holidays, which reflects the civic, historical and religious landscape.


Saint Brigid's Day/Imbolc (Ireland, Scotland, Isle of Man, and some Neopagan groups in the Northern hemisphere)

Imbolc or Imbolg, also called Saint Brigid's Day, is a Gaelic traditional festival on 1 February. It marks the beginning of spring and is the feast day of Saint Brigid, Ireland's patroness saint. Historically, its many folk traditions were widely observed throughout Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man. Imbolc falls about halfway between the winter solstice and the spring equinox and is one of the four Gaelic seasonal festivals, along with Bealtaine, Lughnasadh and Samhain.


Memorial Day of the Republic (Hungary)

A number of public holidays and special events take place each year in Hungary.


National Freedom Day (United States)

National Freedom Day is a United States observance on February 1 honoring the signing by President Abraham Lincoln of a joint House and Senate resolution that later was ratified as the 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. President Lincoln signed the Amendment abolishing slavery on February 1, 1865, and it was later ratified by the states.


The start of Black History Month (United States and Canada)

Black History Month is an annually observed commemorative month originating in the United States, where it is also known as African-American History Month. It began as a way of remembering important people and events in African-American history, before it spread to other countries where it could celebrate black people worldwide. It initially lasted a week before becoming a month-long observation since 1970. It is celebrated in February in the United States and Canada, where it has received official recognition from governments, and more recently has also been celebrated in Ireland and the United Kingdom where it is observed in October.


World Hijab Day

World Hijab Day is an annual event founded by Nazma Khan in 2013, taking place on 1 February each year in 140 countries worldwide. Its stated purpose is to encourage women of all religions and backgrounds to wear and experience the hijab for a day and to educate and spread awareness on why hijab is worn. Nazma Khan said her goal was also to promote wider acceptance of hijab wearing as well as combating religious discrimination.


What Happened on 31st January?

53 significant events took place on Monday, 31st January — stretching from 1327 to 2022. Explore the moments that shaped history on this day.

01/02/2022

Five-year-old Moroccan boy Rayan Aourram falls into a 32-meter (105 feet) deep well in Ighran village in Tamorot commune, Chefchaouen Province, Morocco, but dies four days later, before rescue workers reached him.

On 1 February 2022, five-year-old Moroccan boy Rayan Aourram fell into a 32-metre (105 ft) dry well in Ighran village in Tamorot commune, Chefchaouen Province, Morocco.


01/02/2021

A coup d'état in Myanmar removes Aung San Suu Kyi from power and restores military rule.

A coup d'état in Myanmar began on the morning of 1 February 2021, when democratically elected members of the country's ruling party, the National League for Democracy (NLD), were deposed by the Tatmadaw, Myanmar's military, which then vested power in a military junta. Acting President of Myanmar Myint Swe proclaimed a year-long state of emergency and declared power had been transferred to Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services Senior General Min Aung Hlaing. It declared the results of the November 2020 general election invalid and stated its intent to hold a new election at the end of the state of emergency. The coup d'état occurred the day before the Parliament of Myanmar was to swear in the members elected in the 2020 election, thereby preventing this from occurring.


01/02/2013

The Shard, the sixth-tallest building in Europe, opens its viewing gallery to the public.

The Shard, also referred to as the Shard London Bridge and formerly London Bridge Tower, is a 95-storey mixed-use development supertall pyramid-shaped skyscraper, designed by the Italian architect Renzo Piano, in Southwark, London, that forms part of The Shard Quarter development. Standing 309.6 metres high, The Shard is the tallest building in the United Kingdom and Western Europe; and the seventh-tallest building in Europe. The Shard replaced Southwark Towers, a 24-storey office block built on the site in 1975.


01/02/2012

Seventy-four people are killed and over 500 injured as a result of clashes between fans of Egyptian football teams Al Masry and Al Ahly in the city of Port Said.

The Port Said Stadium riot was a riot which occurred at Port Said Stadium in Port Said, Egypt on 1 February 2012, following an Egyptian Premier League football match between Al Masry and Al Ahly. Seventy-four people were killed and more than 500 injured after thousands of Al Masry fans invaded the pitch following a 3–1 victory by their club. Al Ahly fans were attacked using clubs, stones, machetes, knives, bottles, and fireworks, trapping them inside the Al Ahly partition of the stadium. Many of the deaths were due to police refusal to open the stadium gates, trapping fans inside and causing a stampede. Civil unrest and clashes with police erupted in several major cities, such as Cairo, Alexandria, and Suez, in response to police's handling of the riot.


01/02/2009

The first cabinet of Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir was formed in Iceland, making her the country's first female prime minister and the world's first openly gay head of government.

The First cabinet of Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir in Iceland, nicknamed “The welfare government” or “The sixth left government”, was formed 1 February 2009 after the Second cabinet of Geir Haarde resigned due to the 2009 Icelandic financial crisis protests.


01/02/2007

The National Weather Service in the United States switches from the Fujita scale to the new Enhanced Fujita scale to measure the intensity and strength of tornadoes.

The National Weather Service (NWS) is an agency of the United States federal government that is tasked with providing weather forecasts, warnings of hazardous weather, and other weather-related products to organizations and the public for the purposes of protection, safety, and general information. It is a part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) branch of the Department of Commerce, and is headquartered in Silver Spring, Maryland, within the Washington metropolitan area. The agency was known as the United States Weather Bureau from 1891 until it adopted its current name in 1970.


01/02/2005

King Gyanendra of Nepal carries out a coup d'état to capture the democracy, becoming Chairman of the Councils of ministers.

Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev is the former King of Nepal. He reigned twice: first as a child monarch from 1950 to 1951, installed by the Rana regime during the flight of his grandfather Tribhuvan to India; and later as the last sovereign king from 2001 until the abolition of the monarchy in 2008. His second reign followed the Nepalese royal massacre, in which his elder brother King Birendra and ten other members of the royal family were killed. Gyanendra’s tenure saw a protracted Maoist insurgency, deepening political instability, and a controversial period of direct rule in 2005 that ended after mass pro‑democracy protests in 2006. He was formally deposed by the Constituent Assembly on 28 May 2008, which declared Nepal a federal democratic republic.


01/02/2004

Hajj pilgrimage stampede: In a stampede at the Hajj pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia, 251 people are trampled to death and 244 injured.

There have been numerous incidents during the Hajj, the Muslim pilgrimage to the cities of Mecca and Medina, that have caused loss of life. Every follower of Islam is required to perform the Hajj in Mecca at least once in their lifetime, if able to do so; according to Islam, the pilgrimage is one of the Five Pillars of Islam. During the month of the Hajj, Mecca must cope with as many as three million pilgrims.


Double suicide attack in Erbil on the offices of Iraqi Kurdish political parties by members of Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad

The 2004 Erbil bombings was a double suicide attack on the offices of Iraqi Kurdish political parties in Erbil, Kurdistan Region on 1 February 2004. The attackers detonated explosives strapped to their bodies as hundreds gathered to celebrate Eid Al-Adha in Erbil.


01/02/2003

Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrated during the reentry of mission STS-107 into the Earth's atmosphere, killing all seven astronauts aboard.

Space Shuttle Columbia (OV-102) was a Space Shuttle orbiter manufactured by Rockwell International and operated by NASA. Named after the first American ship to circumnavigate the globe, and the female personification of the United States, Columbia was the first of five Space Shuttle orbiters to fly in space, debuting the Space Shuttle launch vehicle on its maiden flight on April 12, 1981 and becoming the first spacecraft to be re-used after its first flight when it launched on STS-2 on November 12, 1981. As only the second full-scale orbiter to be manufactured after the Approach and Landing Test vehicle Enterprise, Columbia retained unique external and internal features compared with later orbiters, such as test instrumentation and distinctive black chines. In addition to a heavier aft fuselage and the retention of an internal airlock throughout its lifetime, these made Columbia the heaviest of the five spacefaring orbiters: around 1,000 kilograms heavier than Challenger and 3,600 kilograms heavier than Endeavour when originally constructed. Columbia also carried ejection seats based on those from the SR-71 during its first six flights until 1983, and from 1986 onwards carried an imaging pod on its vertical stabilizer.


01/02/2002

Daniel Pearl, American journalist and South Asia Bureau Chief of The Wall Street Journal, kidnapped on January 23, is beheaded and mutilated by his captors.

Daniel Pearl was an American journalist who worked for The Wall Street Journal. On January 23, 2002, he was kidnapped by jihadist militants while he was on his way to what he had expected would be an interview with Pakistani Islamic scholar Mubarak Ali Gilani in Karachi, Pakistan. Pearl had moved to Mumbai, India, upon taking up a regional posting by his newspaper and later entered Pakistan to cover the war on terror, which was launched by the United States in response to the September 11 attacks in 2001. At the time of his abduction, he had been investigating the alleged links between British citizen Richard Reid and al-Qaeda; Reid had reportedly completed his training at a facility owned by Gilani, who had been accused by the United States of being affiliated with the Pakistani terrorist organization Jamaat ul-Fuqra.


01/02/1998

Rear Admiral Lillian E. Fishburne becomes the first female African American to be promoted to rear admiral.

Lillian Elaine Fishburne was the first African-American female to hold the rank of Rear Admiral (RDML) in the United States Navy. She was appointed to the rank of Rear Admiral by U.S. president Bill Clinton and was officially promoted on February 1, 1998. She retired from the Navy in February 2001.


01/02/1996

The Communications Decency Act is passed by the U.S. Congress.

The Communications Decency Act of 1996 (CDA) was the United States Congress's first legislative attempt to regulate obscene and indecent material on the Internet. In the 1997 landmark case Reno v. ACLU, the United States Supreme Court unanimously overturned most of the statute due to its restrictions on freedom of speech under the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. One non-speech provision of the statute, which exempted the operators of Internet services from liability for their users' actions, survived the Supreme Court's action and was severed from the statute. That provision is now known as Section 230 and remains in effect.


01/02/1992

The Chief Judicial Magistrate of Bhopal court declares Warren Anderson, ex-CEO of Union Carbide, a fugitive under Indian law for failing to appear in the Bhopal disaster case.

Bhopal is the capital city of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh and the administrative headquarters of both Bhopal district and Bhopal division. It is known as the City of Lakes, due to presence of various natural and artificial lakes near the city boundary. It is also one of the greenest cities in India. It is the 16th largest city in India and 131st in the world. After the formation of Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal was part of the Sehore district. It was bifurcated in 1972 and a new district, Bhopal, was formed. Flourishing around 1707, the city was the capital of the former Bhopal State, a princely state of the British ruled by the Nawabs of Bhopal until India's independence in 1947. India achieved independence on 15 August 1947. Bhopal was one of the last states to sign the ‘Instrument of Accession’. The ruler of Bhopal acceded to the Indian government, and Bhopal became an Indian state on 1 May 1949. Sindhi refugees from Pakistan were accommodated in Bairagarh, a western suburb of Bhopal.


01/02/1991

A runway collision between USAir Flight 1493 and SkyWest Flight 5569 at Los Angeles International Airport results in the deaths of 34 people, and injuries to 30 others.

On the evening of Friday, February 1, 1991, USAir Flight 1493, a Boeing 737-300, collided with SkyWest Airlines Flight 5569, a Fairchild Swearingen Metroliner turboprop aircraft, upon landing at Los Angeles International Airport (LAX). As Flight 1493 was on final approach, the local controller was distracted, though air traffic was not heavy at LAX, by a series of abnormalities, including a misplaced flight progress strip and an aircraft that had inadvertently switched off the tower frequency. The SkyWest flight was told to taxi into takeoff position, while the USAir flight was landing on the same runway.


A magnitude 6.8 earthquake strikes the Hindu Kush region, killing at least 848 people in Afghanistan, Pakistan and present-day Tajikistan.

The 1991 Hindu Kush earthquake severely affected Afghanistan, Pakistan and the USSR on 1 February. It was an intermediate-depth earthquake with a hypocenter 143.2 km (89.0 mi) beneath the Hindu Kush mountains in Afghanistan. The shock measured 6.8 on the moment magnitude scale and had a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme). The reverse-faulting earthquake occurred in a seismically active region associated with faulting within a deforming oceanic plate at depth.


01/02/1982

The Intel 80286 is released, which introduced protected mode memory. The IBM PC/AT and its clones used this CPU.

The Intel 80286 is a 16-bit microprocessor that was introduced on February 1, 1982. It was the first 8086-based CPU with separate, non-multiplexed address and data buses and also the first with memory management and wide protection abilities. It had a data size of 16 bits, and had an address width of 24 bits, which could address up to 16MB of memory with a suitable operating system such as Windows compared to 1MB for the 8086. The 80286 used approximately 134,000 transistors in its original nMOS (HMOS) incarnation and, just like the contemporary 80186, it can correctly execute most software written for the earlier Intel 8086 and 8088 processors.


01/02/1981

The Underarm bowling incident of 1981 occurred when Trevor Chappell bowls underarm on the final delivery of a game between Australia and New Zealand at the Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG).

The underarm bowling incident of 1981 is a sporting controversy that took place on 1 February 1981, when Australia played New Zealand in a One Day International cricket match, the third in the best-of-five final of the 1980–81 World Series Cup, at the Melbourne Cricket Ground.


01/02/1979

Iranian Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini returns to Tehran after nearly 15 years of exile.

Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, historically known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the northeast, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, and the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south. With a population of over 92 million, Iran ranks 17th globally in both geographic size and population. It is divided into five regions with 31 provinces. Tehran is the nation's capital and largest city and serves as its primary economic centre.


01/02/1974

A fire in the 25-story Joelma Building in São Paulo, Brazil kills 189 and injures 293.

Edifício Praça da Bandeira, formerly known as the Joelma Building, is a 25-story building in downtown São Paulo, Brazil, completed in 1971, located at Avenida 9 de Julho, 225. On 1 February 1974, an air conditioning unit on the twelfth floor overheated, starting a fire. Because flammable materials had been used to furnish the interior, the entire building was engulfed in flames within twenty minutes. Of the 756 people occupying the building at the time, 179 were killed and 300 injured.


01/02/1972

Kuala Lumpur becomes a city by a royal charter granted by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia.

Kuala Lumpur (KL), officially the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, is the capital city and a federal territory of Malaysia. It is the most populous city in the country, covering an area of 243 km2 (94 sq mi) with a population of 2,075,600 as of 2024. Greater Kuala Lumpur, which itself includes the Klang Valley, is an urban agglomeration of 8.81 million people as of 2024. It is among the fastest growing metropolitan regions in Southeast Asia, in terms of both population and economic development.


01/02/1968

Vietnam War: The execution of Viet Cong officer Nguyễn Văn Lém by South Vietnamese National Police Chief Nguyễn Ngọc Loan is recorded on motion picture film, as well as in an iconic still photograph taken by Eddie Adams.

The Vietnam War was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam and South Vietnam and their allies. North Vietnam was supported by the Soviet Union and China, while South Vietnam was supported by the United States and other anti-communist nations. The conflict was the second of the Indochina wars and a proxy war of the Cold War between the Soviet Union and US. The Vietnam War was one of the postcolonial wars of national liberation, a theater in the Cold War, and a civil war, with civil warfare a defining feature from the outset. Direct US military involvement escalated from 1965 until US forces were withdrawn in 1973. The fighting spilled into the Laotian and Cambodian civil wars, which ended with all three countries becoming communist in 1975.


Canada's three military services, the Royal Canadian Navy, the Canadian Army and the Royal Canadian Air Force, are unified into the Canadian Forces.

The Royal Canadian Navy is the naval force of Canada, and one of three environmental commands of the Canadian Armed Forces. The command's official strength includes 8,400 Regular Force sailors, 4,100 naval reservists, and a fleet that includes 25 commissioned warships and additional auxillary vessels.


The New York Central Railroad and the Pennsylvania Railroad are merged to form Penn Central Transportation.

The New York Central Railroad was a railroad primarily operating in the Great Lakes and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. The railroad primarily connected greater New York and Boston in the east with Chicago and St. Louis in the Midwest, along with the intermediate cities of Albany, Buffalo, Cleveland, Cincinnati, Detroit, Rochester and Syracuse. The New York Central was headquartered in the New York Central Building, adjacent to its largest station, Grand Central Terminal.


01/02/1964

The Beatles have their first number one hit in the United States with "I Want to Hold Your Hand".

The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960. The band comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. They are regarded as the most influential band in popular music and were integral to the development of 1960s counterculture and the recognition of popular music as an art form. Rooted in skiffle, beat and 1950s rock 'n' roll, their sound incorporated elements of classical music and traditional pop in innovative ways. They also explored styles ranging from folk and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock. As pioneers in recording, songwriting and artistic presentation, the Beatles revolutionised many aspects of the music industry and were often publicised as leaders of the era's youth and sociocultural movements.


01/02/1960

Four black students stage the first of the Greensboro sit-ins at a lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina.

The Greensboro sit-ins were a series of nonviolent protests in February to July 1960, primarily in the Woolworth store—now the International Civil Rights Center and Museum—in Greensboro, North Carolina, which led to the F. W. Woolworth Company department store chain removing its policy of racial segregation in the Southern United States. While not the first sit-in of the civil rights movement, the Greensboro sit-ins were an instrumental action, and also the best-known sit-ins of the civil rights movement. They are considered a catalyst to the subsequent sit-in movement, in which 70,000 people participated. This sit-in was a contributing factor in the formation of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC).


01/02/1957

Northeast Airlines Flight 823 crashes on Rikers Island in New York City, killing 20 people and injuring 78 others.

Northeast Airlines Flight 823 was a scheduled flight in the United States, from New York City's LaGuardia Airport to Miami International Airport, Florida, which crashed shortly after takeoff on February 1, 1957. The aircraft operating the service was a Douglas DC-6 four-engined propeller airliner, registration N34954, which entered service in 1955. It crashed near Rikers Island, which sent corrections personnel and inmates to rescue and assist survivors.


01/02/1950

The first prototype of the MiG-17 makes its maiden flight.

The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17 is a transonic fighter aircraft that was produced in the Soviet Union from 1952 and was operated by air forces internationally. The MiG-17 was license-built in China as the Shenyang J-5 and Poland as the PZL-Mielec Lim-6. The MiG-17 is still being used by North Korea's air force in the present day and has seen combat in the Middle East and Asia.


01/02/1946

Trygve Lie of Norway is picked to be the first United Nations Secretary-General.

Trygve Halvdan Lie was a Norwegian politician, labour leader, government official and author. He served as Norwegian foreign minister during the critical years of the Norwegian government in exile in London from 1940 to 1945. He was the first secretary-general of the United Nations.


The Parliament of Hungary abolishes the monarchy after nine centuries, and proclaims the Hungarian Republic.

The National Assembly is the parliament of Hungary. The unicameral body consists of 199 members elected to four-year terms. Election of members is done using a semi-proportional representation: a mixed-member majoritarian representation with partial compensation via transfer votes and mixed single vote; involving single-member districts and one list vote; parties must win at least 5% of the popular vote in order to gain list seats. The Assembly includes 25 standing committees to debate and report on introduced bills and to supervise the activities of the ministers. The Constitutional Court of Hungary has the right to challenge legislation on the grounds of constitutionality.


01/02/1942

World War II: Josef Terboven, Reichskommissar of German-occupied Norway, appoints Vidkun Quisling the Minister President of the National Government.

World War II, or the Second World War, was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies and the Axis powers. Nearly all of the world's countries participated. Tanks and aircraft played major roles, the latter enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the only nuclear weapons used in war. World War II was the deadliest conflict in history, causing the death of 60 to 75 million people. Millions died as a result of massacres, starvation, disease, and genocides, including the Holocaust. After the Allied victory, Germany, Austria, Japan, and Korea were occupied, and German and Japanese leaders were tried for war crimes.


World War II: U.S. Navy conducts Marshalls–Gilberts raids, the first offensive action by the United States against Japanese forces in the Pacific Theater.

The Marshalls–Gilberts raids were tactical airstrikes and naval artillery attacks by United States Navy aircraft carrier and other warship forces against Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) garrisons in the Marshall and Gilbert Islands on 1 February 1942. It was the first of six American raids against Japanese-held territories conducted in the first half of 1942 as part of a strategy.


Voice of America, the official external radio and television service of the United States government, begins broadcasting with programs aimed at areas controlled by the Axis powers.

Voice of America is an international broadcaster, funded by the United States federal government and established in 1942. It is the largest and oldest of the US's existing international broadcasters, producing digital, TV, and radio content in 48 languages for affiliate stations around the world. Its targeted and primary audience is non-Americans outside the American borders, especially those living in countries without press freedom or independent journalism.


Mao Zedong makes a speech on "Reform in Learning, the Party and Literature", which puts into motion the Yan'an Rectification Movement.

Mao Zedong was a Chinese revolutionary, politician, writer, political theorist and the founder of the People's Republic of China (PRC). He led China from the PRC's establishment in October 1949 until his death in September 1976, primarily through his role as the Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). His theories, which he advocated as a Chinese adaptation of Marxism–Leninism, are known as Maoism.


01/02/1924

Russia–United Kingdom relations are restored, over six years after the Communist revolution.

Russia–United Kingdom relations, also Anglo-Russian relations, are the bilateral relations between the Russian Federation and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Formal ties between the nations started in 1553. Russia and Britain became allies against Napoleon in the early-19th century. They were enemies in the Crimean War of the 1850s, and rivals in the Great Game for control of Central Asia in the latter half of the 19th century. They allied again in World Wars I and II, although the Russian Revolution of 1917 strained relations. The two countries again became enemies during the Cold War (1947–1989). Russia's business tycoons developed strong ties with London financial institutions in the 1990s after the dissolution of the USSR in 1991. Due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, relations became very tense after the United Kingdom imposed sanctions against Russia. It was subsequently added to Russia's list of "unfriendly countries".


01/02/1908

Lisbon Regicide: King Carlos I of Portugal and Infante Luis Filipe are shot dead in Lisbon.

The Lisbon Regicide or Regicide of 1908 was the assassination of King Carlos I of Portugal and the Algarves and his heir-apparent, Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal, by assassins sympathetic to Republican interests and aided by elements within the Portuguese Carbonária, disenchanted politicians and anti-monarchists. The events occurred on 1 February 1908 at the Square of Commerce along the banks of the Tagus River in Lisbon, commonly referred to by its antiquated name Terreiro do Paço.


01/02/1900

Great Britain, defeated by Boers in key battles, names Lord Roberts commander of British forces in South Africa.

Field Marshal Frederick Sleigh Roberts, 1st Earl Roberts, was a British Victorian era general who became one of the most successful British military commanders of his time. Born in India to an Anglo-Irish family, Roberts joined the East India Company Army and served as a young officer in the Indian Rebellion during which he was awarded the Victoria Cross for gallantry. He was then transferred to the British Army and fought in the Expedition to Abyssinia and the Second Anglo-Afghan War, in which his exploits earned him widespread fame. Roberts would go on to serve as the Commander-in-Chief, India, before leading British forces for a year during the Second Boer War. He also became the last Commander-in-Chief of the Forces before the post was abolished in 1904.


01/02/1897

Shinhan Bank, the oldest bank in South Korea, opens in Seoul.

Shinhan Bank Co., Ltd. (Korean: 신한은행) is a South Korean bank headquartered in Seoul. It was founded under this name in 1982, but through its merger with Chohung Bank in 2006, traces its origins to the Hanseong Bank, one of the first banks to be established in Korea. It is part of the Shinhan Financial Group, along with Jeju Bank.


01/02/1896

La bohème premieres in Turin at the Teatro Regio (Turin), conducted by the young Arturo Toscanini.

La bohème is an opera in four acts, composed by Giacomo Puccini between 1893 and 1895 to an Italian libretto by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosa, based on Scènes de la vie de bohème (1851) by Henri Murger. The story is set in Paris around 1830 and shows the Bohemian lifestyle of a poor seamstress and her artist friends.


01/02/1895

Fountains Valley, Pretoria, the oldest nature reserve in Africa, is proclaimed by President Paul Kruger.

The Fountains Valley is a recreational resort at the southern entrance to Pretoria in South Africa. It was proclaimed as a nature reserve by President Paul Kruger on 1 February 1895. Consequently, this 60 ha reserve, along with the contiguous Groenkloof Nature Reserve, constitute the oldest nature reserves on the African continent.


01/02/1893

Thomas A. Edison finishes construction of the first motion picture studio, the Black Maria in West Orange, New Jersey.

Thomas Alva Edison was an American inventor and businessman. He developed many devices in fields such as electric power generation, sound recording, and motion pictures. These inventions, which include the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and early versions of the electric light bulb, have had a widespread impact on the modern industrialized world. He was one of the first inventors to apply the principles of organized science and teamwork to the process of invention, working with many researchers and employees. He established the first industrial research laboratory.


01/02/1884

The first volume (A to Ant) of the Oxford English Dictionary is published.

The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) is the principal historical dictionary of the English language, published by Oxford University Press (OUP), a University of Oxford publishing house. The dictionary, which began publication in 1884, traces the historical development of the English language, providing a comprehensive resource to scholars and academic researchers, and provides ongoing descriptions of English language usage in its variations around the world.


01/02/1865

President Abraham Lincoln signs the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States, serving from 1861 until his assassination in 1865. He led the United States through the American Civil War, defeating the Confederacy and playing a major role in the abolition of slavery.


01/02/1864

Second Schleswig War: Prussian forces crossed the border into Schleswig, starting the war.

The Second Schleswig War, also sometimes known as the Dano-Prussian War or Prusso-Danish War, was the second military conflict over the Schleswig–Holstein question of the 19th century. The war began on 1 February 1864, when Prussian and Austrian forces crossed the border into the Danish fief Schleswig. Denmark fought troops of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Austrian Empire representing the German Confederation.


01/02/1861

American Civil War: Texas secedes from the United States and joins the Confederacy a week later.

The American Civil War was a civil war in the United States between the Union and the Confederacy, which was formed in 1861 by states that had seceded from the Union to preserve slavery in the United States, which they saw as threatened because of the election of Abraham Lincoln and the growing abolitionist movement in the North. The war ended with Union victory, the dissolution of the Confederacy and the abolition of slavery, freeing four million African Americans.


01/02/1835

Slavery is abolished in Mauritius.

Abolitionism, or the abolitionist movement, is the political movement to end slavery and liberate enslaved individuals around the world. It gained momentum in the western world in the late 18th and 19th centuries.


01/02/1814

Mayon in the Philippines erupts, killing around 1,200 people, which was the most devastating eruption of the volcano.

Mayon, also known as Mount Mayon and Mayon Volcano, is an active stratovolcano in the province of Albay in Bicol, Philippines. A popular tourist destination, it is renowned for its "perfect cone" owing to its symmetric conical shape, and is regarded as sacred in Philippine mythology.


01/02/1796

The capital of Upper Canada is moved from Newark to York.

The Province of Upper Canada was a part of British Canada established in 1791 by the Kingdom of Great Britain, to govern the central third of the lands in British North America, formerly part of the Province of Quebec since 1763. Upper Canada included all of modern-day Southern Ontario and all those areas of Northern Ontario in the Pays d'en Haut which had formed part of New France, essentially the watersheds of the Ottawa River or Lakes Huron and Superior, excluding any lands within the watershed of Hudson Bay. The "upper" prefix in the name reflects its geographic position along the Great Lakes, mostly above the headwaters of the Saint Lawrence River, contrasted with Lower Canada to the northeast.


01/02/1793

French Revolutionary Wars: France declares war on the United Kingdom and the Netherlands.

The French Revolutionary Wars were a series of sweeping military conflicts resulting from the French Revolution that lasted from 1792 until 1802. They pitted France against Great Britain, Austria, Prussia, Russia, and several other countries. The wars are divided into two periods: the War of the First Coalition (1792–1797) and the War of the Second Coalition (1798–1802). Initially confined to Europe, the fighting gradually assumed a global dimension. After a decade of constant warfare and aggressive diplomacy, France had conquered territories in the Italian peninsula, the Low Countries, and the Rhineland with its very large and powerful military which had been totally mobilized for war against most of Europe with mass conscription of the vast French population. French success in these conflicts ensured military occupation and the spread of revolutionary principles over much of Europe.


01/02/1713

The Kalabalik or Skirmish at Bender results from the Ottoman Sultan Ahmed III's order that his unwelcome guest, King Charles XII of Sweden, be seized.

The Skirmish at Bender was devised to remove Charles XII of Sweden from the Ottoman Empire after his military defeats in Russia. It took place on 1 February 1713 on Ottoman territory, in what is now the town of Bender, Moldova.


01/02/1662

The Chinese general Koxinga seizes the island of Taiwan after a nine-month siege.

Zheng Chenggong, born Zheng Sen (鄭森) and better known internationally by his honorific title Koxinga (國姓爺), was a Southern Ming general who resisted the Qing conquest of China in the 17th century and expelled the Dutch from Taiwan, founding the Kingdom of Tungning.


01/02/1411

The First Peace of Thorn is signed in Thorn (Toruń), Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights (Prussia).

The (First) Peace of Thorn was a peace treaty formally ending the Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War between allied Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania on one side, and the Teutonic Knights on the other. It was signed on 1 February 1411 in Thorn (Toruń), one of the southernmost cities of the Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights. In historiography, the treaty is often portrayed as a diplomatic failure of Poland–Lithuania as they failed to capitalize on the decisive defeat of the Knights in the Battle of Grunwald in June 1410. The Knights returned Dobrzyń Land which they captured from Poland during the war and made only temporary territorial concessions in Samogitia, which returned to Lithuania only for the lifetimes of Polish King Władysław Jagiełło and Lithuanian Grand Duke Vytautas. The Peace of Thorn was not stable. It took two other brief wars, the Hunger War in 1414 and Gollub War in 1422, to sign the Treaty of Melno that solved the territorial disputes. However, large war reparations were a significant financial burden on the Knights, causing internal unrest and economic decline. The Teutonic Knights never recovered their former might.


01/02/1327

The teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer.

Edward III, also known as Edward of Windsor before accession, was King of England from January 1327 until his death in 1377. He is noted for his military success and for restoring royal authority after the disastrous and unorthodox reign of his father, Edward II. Edward III transformed the Kingdom of England into one of the most formidable military powers in Europe. His fifty-year reign is one of the longest in English history and saw vital developments in legislation and government, in particular the evolution of the English Parliament, as well as the ravages of the Black Death. He outlived his eldest son, Edward the Black Prince, and was succeeded by his grandson, Richard II.