Died on Sunday, 4th January – Famous Deaths

04/01/2026

Michael Reagan, American political commentator (born 1945)

Michael Edward Reagan was an American conservative political commentator, Republican Party strategist and radio talk show host. He was the adopted son of former U.S. president Ronald Reagan and his first wife, actress Jane Wyman. He worked as a columnist for Newsmax.

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04/01/2025

Ana Gligić, Serbian virologist (born 1934)

Ana Gligić was a Yugoslav and Serbian virologist, a specialist in medical microbiology, and a senior research associate at the University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine. She made important contributions to the understanding and control of viral hemorrhagic fevers, including the Marburg virus, and was instrumental in identifying the cause of the 1967 outbreak in Belgrade. Gligić also played a crucial role in halting the spread of the 1972 smallpox outbreak in Yugoslavia, and her later work included research on the West Nile virus and other zoonotic pathogens.

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04/01/2024

Glynis Johns, British actress and singer (born 1923)

Glynis Margaret Payne Johns was a British actress and singer. In a career exceeding seven decades on stage and screen, Johns appeared in more than 60 films and 30 plays. She received various accolades throughout her career, including a Tony Award and a Drama Desk Award, as well as nominations for an Academy Award, a Golden Globe Award and a Laurence Olivier Award. Before her death at age 100, she was considered one of the last surviving stars from the Golden Age of Hollywood and classical years of British cinema.

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David Soul, American-British actor and singer (born 1943)

David Soul was an American-British actor and singer. With a career spanning five decades, he rose to prominence for portraying Detective Kenneth "Hutch" Hutchinson in the American television series Starsky & Hutch from 1975 to 1979. His other notable roles included Joshua Bolt on Here Come the Brides from 1968 to 1970 and as the lead actor in the 1979 American TV movie Salem's Lot. Soul also portrayed Officer John Davis in the 1973 movie Magnum Force.

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Christian Oliver, German actor (born 1972)

Christian Oliver was a German actor who was mainly known for his role in the Cobra 11 television series.

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04/01/2023

Rosi Mittermaier, German alpine skier and Olympic champion (born 1950)

Rosa Anna Katharina Mittermaier-Neureuther was a German alpine skier. She was the overall World Cup champion in 1976 and a double gold medalist at the 1976 Winter Olympics.

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04/01/2021

Tanya Roberts, American actress (born 1949)

Tanya Roberts was an American actress. Some of her credits include playing Julie Rogers in the final season of the television series Charlie's Angels (1980–1981), Stacey Sutton in the James Bond film A View to a Kill (1985), Kiri in The Beastmaster (1982), Sheena in Sheena: Queen of the Jungle (1984), and Midge Pinciotti on That '70s Show (1998–2004).

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04/01/2020

Tom Long, Australian actor (born 1968)

Thomas Andrew Long was an Australian film and television actor. He played court official and avid surfer Angus in the late 1990s TV series SeaChange and Brenden Abbott in the 2003 Australian TV movie The Postcard Bandit.

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04/01/2019

Harold Brown, 14th United States Secretary of Defense (born 1927)

Harold Brown was an American nuclear physicist who served as United States Secretary of Defense from 1977 to 1981, under President Jimmy Carter. Previously, in the John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson administrations, he held the posts of Director of Defense Research and Engineering (1961–1965) and United States Secretary of the Air Force (1965–1969).

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04/01/2017

Milt Schmidt, Canadian ice hockey player, coach and general manager (born 1918)

Milton Conrad Schmidt was a Canadian professional ice hockey centre, coach and general manager, mostly for the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League (NHL), He was a member of the famed "Kraut Line" with teammates Bobby Bauer and Woody Dumart. The trio led the Bruins to two Stanley Cup championships and became the first line to finish first, second and third in NHL scoring, in 1939–40. He was elected to the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1961. In 2017, Schmidt was named one of the '100 Greatest NHL Players' in history.

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Georges Prêtre, French orchestral and opera conductor (born 1924)

Georges Prêtre was a French orchestral and opera conductor.

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04/01/2016

S. H. Kapadia, Indian lawyer, judge, and politician, 38th Chief Justice of India (born 1947)

Sarosh Homi Kapadia was the 38th Chief Justice of India. He was the first chief justice born after the partition of India.

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Stephen W. Bosworth, American academic and diplomat, United States Ambassador to South Korea (born 1939)

Stephen Warren Bosworth was an American academic and diplomat. He served as Dean of The Fletcher School at Tufts University and served as United States Special Representative for North Korea Policy from March 2009 to October 2011. He served three times as a U.S. Ambassador, to Tunisia (1979–1981), to the Philippines (1984–1987), and to South Korea (1997–2001). In 1987, he received the American Academy of Diplomacy's Diplomat of the Year Award.

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04/01/2015

Pino Daniele, Italian singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1955)

Giuseppe "Pino" Daniele was an Italian singer-songwriter and musician. His influences covered a wide number of genres, including pop, blues, jazz, and Italian and Middle Eastern music.

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04/01/2013

Anwar Shamim, Pakistani general (born 1931)

Mohammad Anwar Shamim was a former fighter pilot who was the Chief of Air Staff of the Pakistan Air Force, serving in the post from 1978 until retiring in 1985.

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Zoran Žižić, Montenegrin politician, 4th Prime Minister of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (born 1951)

Zoran Žižić was a Yugoslav and Montenegrin politician. He served as Deputy Prime Minister of Montenegro in the first two Đukanović cabinets from 1991 to 1996, and was the first Prime Minister of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia following the overthrow of Slobodan Milošević in 2000.

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04/01/2012

Eve Arnold, American photographer and journalist (born 1912)

Eve Arnold, OBE (honorary), FRPS (honorary) was an American photojournalist, long-resident in the UK. She joined Magnum Photos agency in 1951, and became a full member in 1957. She was the first woman to join the agency. She frequently photographed Marilyn Monroe, including candid-style photos on the set of The Misfits (1961).

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Rod Robbie, English-Canadian architect, designed the Canadian Pavilion and Rogers Centre (born 1928)

Roderick George Robbie was a British-born Canadian architect and planner. He was known for his design of the Canadian Pavilion at Expo 67 and Toronto's Rogers Centre (SkyDome).

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04/01/2011

Coen Moulijn, Dutch footballer (born 1937)

Coenraadt "Coen" Moulijn was a Dutch professional footballer. He spent nearly his entire club career with Feyenoord, winning several trophies. He also played for the Netherlands national team.

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Gerry Rafferty, Scottish singer-songwriter (born 1947)

Gerald Rafferty was a Scottish singer-songwriter. He was a founding member of Stealers Wheel, whose biggest hit was "Stuck in the Middle with You" in 1973. His solo hits in the late 1970s included "Baker Street", "Right Down the Line" and "Night Owl".

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Salmaan Taseer, Pakistani businessman and politician, 26th Governor of Punjab, Pakistan (born 1944)

Salman Taseer was a Pakistani businessman and politician, who served as the 34th Governor of Punjab from May 2008 until his assassination in January 2011.

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Mohamed Bouazizi, Tunisian street vendor who caused the Tunisian Revolution, which was the first revolution in the Arab Spring. (born 1984)

Tarek El-Tayeb Mohamed Bouazizi was a Tunisian street vendor who, in response to the confiscation of his wares as well as the harassment and humiliation inflicted by municipal officials and their aides, set himself on fire on 17 December 2010 in Sidi Bouzid, Tunisia. His act of self-immolation was the most immediate cause of the Tunisian Revolution, which was the first revolution in the wider Arab Spring against autocratic regimes.

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04/01/2010

Johan Ferrier, Surinamese educator and politician, 1st President of Suriname (born 1910)

Johan Henri Eliza Ferrier was a Surinamese politician who served as the first president of Suriname from 1975 to 1980. He was also the country's last governor-general before independence, serving from 1968 to 1975, before becoming the first president upon independence from the Kingdom of the Netherlands in 1975 and also served as the fifth prime minister from 1955 to 1958.

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Tsutomu Yamaguchi, Japanese engineer (born 1916)

Tsutomu Yamaguchi was a Japanese marine engineer who survived and witnessed both the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombings during World War II. Although at least 160 people are known to have been affected by both bombings, he is the only person to have been officially recognized by the government of Japan as surviving both explosions.

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04/01/2009

Gert Jonke, Austrian poet, playwright, and author (born 1946)

Gert Friedrich Jonke was an Austrian poet, playwright and novelist.

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04/01/2008

Xavier Chamorro Cardenal, Nicaraguan journalist (born 1932)

Xavier Chamorro Cardenal was a Nicaraguan journalist. He began his career working at his father's newspaper, La Prensa, and in 1980 became founding editor and publisher of El Nuevo Diario, a competitor newspaper.

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04/01/2007

Helen Hill, American director and producer (born 1970)

Helen Wingard Hill was an American artist, filmmaker, writer, teacher, and social activist. When her final film, The Florestine Collection, was released in 2011, curators and critics praised her work and legacy, describing her, for example, as "one of the most well-regarded experimental animators of her generation".

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Marais Viljoen, South African politician, 5th State President of South Africa (born 1915)

Marais Viljoen, was a South African politician who served as the last ceremonial State President of South Africa from 4 June 1979 until 3 September 1984. Viljoen became the last of the ceremonial presidents of South Africa when he was succeeded in 1984 by Prime Minister P. W. Botha, who combined the offices into an executive state presidency.

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04/01/2006

Irving Layton, Romanian-Canadian poet and academic (born 1912)

Irving Peter Layton, OC was a Romanian-born Canadian poet. He was known for his "tell it like it is" style which won him a wide following but also made him enemies. As T. Jacobs notes in his biography (2001), Layton fought Puritanism throughout his life:Layton's work had provided the bolt of lightning that was needed to split open the thin skin of conservatism and complacency in the poetry scene of the preceding century, allowing modern poetry to expose previously unseen richness and depth.

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Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Emirati politician, 1st Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (born 1946)

Sheikh Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum was an Emirati royal and politician who served as the second vice president, first and third prime minister of the United Arab Emirates, and ruler of Dubai. He was prime minister from 1971 to 1979 and from 1990 to 2006. He served as the ruler of Dubai from 1990 to 2006. He was succeeded after his death by his brother Sheikh Mohammed as Ruler of Dubai.

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Milton Himmelfarb, American sociographer, author, and academic (born 1918)

Milton Himmelfarb was an American sociographer of the American Jewish community.

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04/01/2005

Bud Poile, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (born 1924)

Norman Robert "Bud" Poile was a professional ice hockey player, coach, general manager, and league executive. Bud was the brother of Don Poile, and the father of David Poile.

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Frank Harary, American mathematician and academic (born 1921)

Frank Harary was an American mathematician, who specialized in graph theory. He was widely recognized as one of the "fathers" of modern graph theory. Harary was a master of clear exposition and, together with his many doctoral students, he standardized the terminology of graphs. He broadened the reach of this field to include physics, psychology, sociology, and even anthropology. Gifted with a keen sense of humor, Harary challenged and entertained audiences at all levels of mathematical sophistication. A particular trick he employed was to turn theorems into games—for instance, students would try to add red edges to a graph on six vertices in order to create a red triangle, while another group of students tried to add edges to create a blue triangle. Because of the theorem on friends and strangers, one team or the other would have to win.

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Humphrey Carpenter, English radio host and author (born 1946)

Humphrey William Bouverie Carpenter was an English biographer, writer, and radio broadcaster. He is known especially for his biographies of J. R. R. Tolkien and other members of the literary society the Inklings. He won a Mythopoeic Award for his book The Inklings in 1982.

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Robert Heilbroner, American economist and historian (born 1919)

Robert L. Heilbroner was an American economist and historian of economic thought. The author of some two dozen books, Heilbroner was best known for The Worldly Philosophers: The Lives, Times and Ideas of the Great Economic Thinkers (1953), a survey of the lives and contributions of famous economists, notably Adam Smith, Karl Marx, and John Maynard Keynes.

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04/01/2004

Brian Gibson, English director and screenwriter (born 1944)

Brian Gibson was an English film and television director.

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Joan Aiken, English author (born 1924)

Joan Delano Aiken was an English writer specialising in supernatural fiction and children's alternative history novels. In 1999 she was awarded an MBE for her services to children's literature. For The Whispering Mountain, published by Jonathan Cape in 1968, she won the Guardian Children's Fiction Prize, a book award judged by a panel of British children's writers, and she was a commended runner-up for the Carnegie Medal from the Library Association, recognising the year's best children's book by a British writer. She won an Edgar Allan Poe Award (1972) for Night Fall.

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John Toland, American historian and author (born 1912)

John Willard Toland was an American writer and historian. He is best known for a biography of Adolf Hitler and a Pulitzer Prize-winning history of World War II-era Japan, The Rising Sun.

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04/01/2001

Les Brown, American bandleader and composer (born 1912)

Lester Raymond Brown was an American jazz musician who for over six decades (1938-2000) led his big band, later called Les Brown and His Band of Renown.

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04/01/1999

Iron Eyes Cody, American actor and stuntman (born 1904)

Iron Eyes Cody was an American actor who portrayed Native Americans in Hollywood films, including the role of Chief Iron Eyes in Bob Hope's The Paleface (1948). He also played a Native American shedding a tear about pollution in one of the country's most well-known television public service announcements from the group Keep America Beautiful. Living in Hollywood, he began to insist, even in his private life, that he was Native American, over time claiming membership in several different tribes. In 1996, Cody's half-sister said that he was of Italian ancestry, but he denied it. After his death, it was revealed that he was of Sicilian parentage and not Native American at all.

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04/01/1998

Mae Questel, American actress (born 1908)

Mae Questel was an American actress. She was best known for providing the voices for the animated characters Betty Boop and Olive Oyl.

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04/01/1997

Harry Helmsley, American businessman (born 1909)

Harry Brakmann Helmsley was an American real estate billionaire whose company, Helmsley-Spear, became one of the country's biggest property holders, owning the Empire State Building, the Helmsley Building, the Graybar Building, the Flatiron Building, and many of New York's most prestigious hotels. His second marriage to Leona Roberts led to charges of false accounting and tax evasion as well as a celebrated trial, where Harry was judged too frail to plead, but Leona was fined and jailed.

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04/01/1995

Eduardo Mata, Mexican conductor and composer (born 1942)

Eduardo Mata was a Mexican conductor and composer.

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Sol Tax, American anthropologist and academic (born 1907)

Sol Tax was an American anthropologist. He is best known for creating action anthropology and his studies of the Meskwaki, or Fox Indians, for "action-anthropological" research titled the Fox Project, and for founding the academic journal Current Anthropology. He received his doctorate from the University of Chicago in 1935 and, together with Fred Eggan, was a student of Alfred Radcliffe-Brown.

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04/01/1994

R. D. Burman, Indian film composer and music director (born 1939)

Rahul Dev Burman was an Indian music director and singer, who is considered to be one of the greatest and most successful music directors of the Hindi film music industry. From the 1960s to the 1990s, Burman composed musical scores for 331 films, bringing a new level of music ensemble with his compositions. Burman did his major work with legendary singers Kishore Kumar, Lata Mangeshkar, Asha Bhosle and Mohammed Rafi. He also worked extensively with lyricists like Majrooh Sultanpuri, Anand Bakshi and Gulzar, with whom he created some of the most memorable numbers in his career. Nicknamed Pancham, he was the only son of the composer Sachin Dev Burman and his Bengali lyricist wife Meera Dev Burman.

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04/01/1990

Harold Eugene Edgerton, American engineer and academic (born 1903)

Harold Eugene Edgerton, also known as Papa Flash, was an American scientist and researcher, a professor of electrical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is largely credited with transforming the stroboscope from an obscure laboratory instrument into a common device. He also was deeply involved with the development of sonar and deep-sea photography, and his equipment was used in collaboration with Jacques Cousteau in searches for shipwrecks and even the Loch Ness Monster.

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Henry Bolte, Australian politician, 38th Premier of Victoria (born 1908)

Sir Henry Edward Bolte was an Australian politician who served as the 38th premier of Victoria from 1955 to 1972. He held office as the leader of the Victorian division of the Liberal Party of Australia (LPA) and was a member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly (MLA) for the division of Hampden from 1947 to 1972. He is the longest-serving premier in Victorian state history, having been in office for over 17 consecutive years.

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04/01/1988

Lily Laskine, French harp player (born 1893)

Lily Laskine was one of the most prominent harpists of the twentieth century who was born and died in Paris. Born Lily Aimée Laskine to Jewish parents in Paris, she studied at the Conservatoire de Paris with Alphonse Hasselmans and became a frequent performing partner of several distinguished French flautists, including Marcel Moyse and Jean-Pierre Rampal. Laskine also served as professor of harp at the Conservatoire de Paris from 1948 to 1958. She was awarded the Legion of Honour in 1958. She died in Paris.

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04/01/1986

Christopher Isherwood, English-American author and academic (born 1904)

Christopher Isherwood was an English and American novelist, playwright, screenwriter, autobiographer, and diarist. His best-known works include Goodbye to Berlin (1939), a semi-autobiographical novel which was the basis for Cabaret (1966); A Single Man (1964), adapted into a film directed by Tom Ford in 2009; and Christopher and His Kind (1976), a memoir which "carried him into the heart of the Gay Liberation movement".

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Phil Lynott, Irish singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer (born 1949)

Philip Parris Lynott was an Irish musician who was the co-founder, lead vocalist, bassist, and primary songwriter of the hard rock band Thin Lizzy. He was noted for his distinctive pick-based style on the bass and for his imaginative lyrics, including working-class tales and numerous characters drawn from personal influences and Celtic culture.

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04/01/1985

Brian Horrocks, Indian-English general (born 1895)

Lieutenant-General Sir Brian Gwynne Horrocks, was a British Army officer, chiefly remembered as the commander of XXX Corps in Operation Market Garden and other operations during the Second World War. He also served in the First World War and the Russian Civil War, was taken prisoner twice, and competed in the modern pentathlon at the 1924 Paris Olympics. Later he was a television presenter, wrote books on military history, and was Black Rod in the House of Lords for 14 years.

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04/01/1975

Carlo Levi, Italian painter, author, and activist (born 1902)

Carlo Levi was an Italian painter, writer, activist, independent leftist politician, and doctor.

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04/01/1969

Paul Chambers, American bassist and composer (born 1935)

Paul Laurence Dunbar Chambers Jr. was an American jazz double bassist. A fixture of rhythm sections during the 1950s and 1960s, he has become one of the most widely-known jazz bassists of the hard bop era. He was also known for his bowed solos. Chambers recorded about a dozen albums as a leader or co-leader, and more than 100 as a sideman, especially as the anchor of trumpeter Miles Davis's "first great quintet" (1955–63) and with pianist Wynton Kelly (1963–68).

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04/01/1967

Donald Campbell, English racing driver and world speed record holder (born 1921)

Donald Malcolm Campbell, was a British speed record breaker who broke eight absolute world speed records on water and on land in the 1950s and 1960s. He remains the only person to set both world land and water speed records in the same year (1964). He died during a water speed record attempt at Coniston Water in the Lake District, England.

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04/01/1965

T. S. Eliot, American-English poet, playwright, and critic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1888)

Thomas Stearns Eliot was a poet, essayist and playwright. He was a leading figure of modernist poetry in the English language where he reinvigorated the art through his use of language, writing style, and verse structure. He is also noted for his critical essays, which often re-evaluated long-held cultural beliefs.

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04/01/1961

Erwin Schrödinger, Austrian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1887)

Erwin Rudolf Josef Alexander Schrödinger, sometimes written as Schroedinger or Schrodinger, was an Austrian–Irish theoretical physicist who developed fundamental results in quantum theory. In particular, he is recognized for devising the Schrödinger equation, an equation that provides a way to calculate the wave function of a system and how it changes dynamically in time. He coined the term "quantum entanglement" in 1935. Schrödinger shared the 1933 Nobel Prize in Physics with Paul Dirac "for the discovery of new productive forms of atomic theory".

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04/01/1960

Albert Camus, French novelist, philosopher, and journalist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1913)

Albert Camus was a French philosopher, novelist, author, dramatist, journalist, world federalist, and political activist. He was the recipient of the 1957 Nobel Prize in Literature at the age of 44, the second-youngest recipient in history, and the first laureate in literature born in Africa. His works include The Stranger, The Plague, The Myth of Sisyphus, The Fall and The Rebel.

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04/01/1944

Kaj Munk, Danish playwright and pastor (born 1898)

Kaj Harald Leininger Munk was a Danish playwright and Lutheran pastor, known for his cultural engagement and his martyrdom during the occupation of Denmark of World War II. He is commemorated as a martyr in the Calendar of Saints of the Lutheran Church on 14 August, alongside Maximilian Kolbe.

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04/01/1943

Jerzy Iwanow-Szajnowicz, Greek-Polish swimmer and water polo player (born 1911)

Jerzy Iwanow-Szajnowicz was a Polish athlete who was active as a secret agent in Greece and was collaborating with the Greek Resistance during World War II before his execution by the Germans.

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Marina Raskova, Russian pilot and navigator (born 1912)

Marina Mikhaylovna Raskova was the first woman in the Soviet Union to achieve the diploma of professional air navigator. Raskova went from a young woman with aspirations of becoming an opera singer to a military instructor to the Soviet Union's first female navigator. She was the navigator to many record-setting as well as record-breaking flights and the founding and commanding officer of the 587th Bomber Aviation Regiment, a women's aviation regiment which was renamed the 125th M.M. Raskova Borisov Guards Dive Bomber Regiment in her honor. Raskova became one of over 800,000 women in the military service, founding three female air regiments, one of which eventually flew over 30,000 sorties in World War II and produced at least 30 Heroes of the Soviet Union.

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04/01/1941

Henri Bergson, French philosopher and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1859)

Henri-Louis Bergson was a French philosopher who was influential in the traditions of analytic philosophy and continental philosophy, especially during the first half of the 20th century until the Second World War, but also after 1966 when Gilles Deleuze published Le Bergsonisme.

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04/01/1931

Art Acord, American actor and stuntman (born 1890)

Arthemus Ward "Art" Acord was an American silent film actor and rodeo champion. After his film career ended in 1929, Acord worked in rodeo road shows and as a miner in Mexico.

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Louise, Princess Royal of the United Kingdom (born 1867)

Louise, Princess Royal was the third child and eldest daughter of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra of the United Kingdom. She was a younger sister of King George V. Louise was granted the title of Princess Royal in 1905. Known for her reserved and quiet nature, she remained a low-profile member of the royal family throughout her life.

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Mohammad Ali Jauhar, Indian Muslim activist (born 1878)

Muhammad Ali Jawhar was an Indian politician and activist of the Indian independence movement. He was a co-founder of the All-India Muslim League and Jamia Millia Islamia.

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04/01/1927

Süleyman Nazif, Turkish poet and civil servant (born 1870)

Süleyman Nazif was a Turkish poet and a prominent member of the CUP. He mastered Arabic, Persian, and French languages and worked as a civil servant during the reign of Sultan Abdul Hamid II. He contributed to the literary magazine Servet-i Fünun until it was censored by the Ottoman government in 1901.

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04/01/1926

Margherita of Savoy, Queen of Italy (born 1851)

Margherita of Savoy was Queen of Italy by marriage to her first cousin King Umberto I of Italy. She was the daughter of Prince Ferdinando of Savoy, Duke of Genoa, and Princess Elisabeth of Saxony, and the mother of King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy.

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04/01/1925

Nellie Cashman, American nurse, restaurateur, entrepreneur, and gold prospector (born 1845)

Ellen Cashman was an Irish gold prospector, nurse, restaurateur, businesswoman and philanthropist in Arizona, Alaska, British Columbia and Yukon.

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04/01/1924

Alfred Grünfeld, Austrian pianist and composer (born 1852)

Alfred Grünfeld was an Austrian pianist and composer.

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04/01/1920

Benito Pérez Galdós, Spanish author and playwright (born 1843)

Benito María de los Dolores Pérez Galdós was a Spanish realist novelist and politician. He was a leading literary figure in 19th-century Spain, and some scholars consider him second only to Miguel de Cervantes in stature as a Spanish novelist.

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04/01/1919

Georg von Hertling, German academic and politician, 7th Chancellor of the German Empire (born 1843)

Georg Friedrich Karl Freiherr von Hertling, from 1914 Count von Hertling, was a German politician of the Catholic Centre Party. He was foreign minister and minister president of Bavaria, then imperial chancellor of the German Reich and minister president of Prussia from 1 November 1917 to 30 September 1918. He was the first party politician to hold the two offices; all of his predecessors were career civil servants or military men.

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04/01/1912

Clarence Dutton, American geologist and soldier (born 1841)

Clarence Edward Dutton was an American geologist and US Army officer.

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04/01/1910

Léon Delagrange, French pilot and sculptor (born 1873)

Ferdinand Marie Léon Delagrange was a French sculptor and pioneering aviator.

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04/01/1904

Anna Winlock, American astronomer and academic (born 1857)

Anna Winlock (1857–1904) was an American astronomer and human computer, one of the first members of female computer group known as "the Harvard Computers." She made the most complete catalog of stars near the north and south poles of her era. She is also remembered for her calculations and studies of asteroids. In particular, she did calculations on 433 Eros and 475 Ocllo.

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04/01/1900

Stanisław Mieroszewski, Polish-born politician, writer, historian and member of the Imperial Council of Austria (born 1827)

Count Stanisław Mieroszewski (Mieroszowski) (1827–1900) was a Polish-born politician, writer, historian and member of the Imperial Council of Austria.

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04/01/1896

Joseph Hubert Reinkens, German bishop and academic (born 1821)

Joseph Hubert Reinkens was the first German Old Catholic bishop.

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04/01/1891

Antoine Labelle, Canadian priest (born 1833)

François-Xavier-Antoine Labelle was a Roman Catholic priest and the person principally responsible for the settlement of the Laurentians. He is also referred to as "Curé Labelle" and sometimes, the "King of the North."

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04/01/1883

Antoine Chanzy, French general (born 1823)

Antoine Eugène Alfred Chanzy was a French general, notable for his successes during the Franco-Prussian War and as a governor of Algeria.

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04/01/1882

John William Draper, English-American physician, chemist, and photographer (born 1811)

John William Draper was an English polymath: a scientist, philosopher, physician, chemist, historian and photographer. He is credited with pioneering portrait photography (1839–40) and producing the first detailed photograph of the moon in 1840. He was also the first president of the American Chemical Society (1876–77) and a founder of the New York University School of Medicine.

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04/01/1880

Anselm Feuerbach, German painter and educator (born 1829)

Anselm Feuerbach was a German painter. He was the leading neoclassical painter of the German 19th-century school.

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Edward William Cooke, English painter and illustrator (born 1811)

Edward William Cooke was an English landscape and marine painter, and gardener.

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04/01/1877

Cornelius Vanderbilt, American businessman and philanthropist (born 1794)

Cornelius Vanderbilt, nicknamed "the Commodore", was an American business magnate who built his wealth in railroads and shipping. After working with his father's business, he worked his way into leadership positions in inland and coastal shipping, then invested in the rapidly growing railroad industry, which transformed the geography of the United States.

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04/01/1874

Thomas Gregson, English-Australian lawyer and politician, 2nd Premier of Tasmania (born 1798)

Thomas George Gregson was the second Premier of Tasmania, serving from 26 February 1857 until 25 April 1857.

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04/01/1863

Roger Hanson, American general (born 1827)

Roger Weightman Hanson was a brigadier general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. The commander of the famed "Orphan Brigade," he was mortally wounded at the Battle of Stones River. He was nicknamed "Old Flintlock."

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04/01/1825

Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies (born 1751)

Ferdinand I was King of the Two Sicilies from 1816 until his death. Before that he had been, since 1759, King of Naples as Ferdinand IV and King of Sicily as Ferdinand III. He was deposed twice from the throne of Naples: once by the revolutionary Parthenopean Republic for six months in 1799, and again by a French invasion in 1806, before being restored in 1815 at the end of the Napoleonic Wars.

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04/01/1821

Elizabeth Ann Seton, American nun and saint (born 1774)

Elizabeth Ann Bayley Seton was an American Catholic educator, known as a founder of the country's parochial school system. Born in New York and reared as an Episcopalian, she married and had five children with her husband William Seton. She converted to Catholicism in 1805 and established the first Catholic girls' school in the nation in Emmitsburg, Maryland. There she also founded the first American congregation of religious sisters, the Sisters of Charity.

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04/01/1804

Charlotte Lennox, English author and poet (born 1730)

Charlotte Lennox, née Ramsay, was a Scottish writer and a literary and cultural critic, whose publishing career flourished in London. Best known for her novel The Female Quixote (1752), she was frequently praised for her genius and literary skill. As a result, Sir Joshua Reynolds painted her portrait and she was featured in "The Nine Living Muses of Great Britain" in 1778. Samuel Johnson declared her superior to all other female writers, and Henry Fielding said that she "excelled Cervantes." Her pioneering study of Shakespeare's source material is still cited and her magazine (1760–1761) is the focus of "The Lady's Museum Project."

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04/01/1786

Moses Mendelssohn, German philosopher and theologian (born 1729)

Moses Mendelssohn was a German-Jewish philosopher and theologian. His writings and ideas on Jews and the Jewish religion and identity were a central element in the development of the Haskalah, or 'Jewish Enlightenment' of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Born to a poor Jewish family in Dessau, Principality of Anhalt, and originally destined for a rabbinical career, Mendelssohn educated himself in German thought and literature. Through his writings on philosophy and religion he came to be regarded as a leading cultural figure of his time by both Christian and Jewish inhabitants of German-speaking Europe and beyond. His involvement in the Berlin textile industry formed the foundation of his family's wealth.

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04/01/1782

Ange-Jacques Gabriel, French architect, designed École Militaire (born 1698)

Ange-Jacques Gabriel was the principal architect of King Louis XV. His major works included the Place de la Concorde, the École Militaire, and the Petit Trianon and opera theater at the Palace of Versailles. His style was a careful balance between French Baroque architecture and French neoclassicism.

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04/01/1761

Stephen Hales, English clergyman and physiologist (born 1677)

Stephen Hales was an English clergyman who made major contributions to a range of scientific fields including botany, pneumatic chemistry and physiology. He was the first person to measure blood pressure. He also invented several devices, including a ventilator, a pneumatic trough and a surgical forceps for the removal of bladder stones. In addition to these achievements, he was a philanthropist and wrote a popular tract on alcoholic intemperance.

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04/01/1695

François-Henri de Montmorency, duc de Luxembourg, French general (born 1628)

François Henri de Montmorency-Bouteville, duc de Piney-Luxembourg, commonly known as Luxembourg, and nicknamed "The Upholsterer of Notre-Dame", was a French general and Marshal of France. A comrade and successor of the Great Condé, he was one of the most accomplished military commanders of the early modern period and is particularly noted for his exploits in the Franco-Dutch War and War of the Grand Alliance. Not imposing physically, as he was a slight man and hunchbacked, Luxembourg was nonetheless one of France's greatest generals.

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04/01/1604

Ferenc Nádasdy, Hungarian noble (born 1555)

Count Ferenc II Nádasdy de Nádasd et Fogarasföld was a Hungarian nobleman and a distinguished soldier. His family, the Nádasdy family, was one of the wealthiest and most influential of the era in Hungary. In 1571, when Ferenc was 16, his mother, Orsolya Nádasdy, using her association with many noble families in Hungary, organized a marriage to the young Elizabeth Báthory, daughter of the Count György Báthory of Ecsed and his wife and cousin, Baroness Anna Báthory of Somlyó (1539–1570). The Báthory family were as rich and illustrious as the Nádasdy family, though older and more influential, since they had several relatives who had the charge of Nádor (palatine) of Hungary. Among them, included a cardinal, a King of Poland-Lithuania, and a Prince of Transylvania.

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04/01/1584

Tobias Stimmer, Swiss painter and illustrator (born 1539)

Tobias Stimmer was a Swiss painter and illustrator. His most famous work is the paintings on the Strasbourg astronomical clock.

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04/01/1428

Frederick I, Elector of Saxony (born 1370)

Frederick I, the Belligerent or the Warlike, a member of the House of Wettin, ruled as Margrave of Meissen from 1407 and as Elector of Saxony from 1423 until his death. He secured the Saxon electorship for the House of Wettin, thereby establishing the dynasty's future importance in German politics.

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04/01/1424

Muzio Sforza, Italian condottiero (born 1369)

Muzio Attendolo Sforza was an Italian condottiero. Founder of the Sforza dynasty, he led a Bolognese-Florentine army at the Battle of Casalecchio. In his later years, he served Queen Joanna II of Naples and was appointed Grand Constable of Naples, commanding her forces during a period of political instability.

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04/01/1399

Nicholas Eymerich, Catalan theologian and inquisitor

Nicholas Eymerich was a Roman Catholic theologian in Medieval Catalonia and Inquisitor General of the Inquisition in the Crown of Aragon in the later half of the 14th century. He is best known for authoring the Directorium Inquisitorum, that mostly summarized previous texts and mores.

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04/01/1344

Robert de Lisle, 1st Baron Lisle, English peer (born 1288)

Robert de Lisle, 1st Baron Lisle was an English peer. He saw military service in Scotland, and fought at the Battle of Boroughbridge. After his wife's death, he joined the Franciscan order. He was the owner of the Lisle Psalter.

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04/01/1248

Sancho II of Portugal (born 1209)

Sancho II, nicknamed Sancho the Cowled or Sancho the Capuched, alternatively, Sancho the Pious, was King of Portugal from 1223 to 1248.

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04/01/0874

Hasan al-Askari, eleventh of the Twelve Imams (probable; b. 846)

Hasan al-Askari was a descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He is regarded as the eleventh of the Twelve Imams, succeeding his father, Ali al-Hadi. Hasan Al-Askari was born in Medina in 844 and brought with his father to the garrison town of Samarra in 848, where the Abbasid caliphs held them under close surveillance until their deaths, even though neither were politically active. After the death of al-Hadi in 868, the majority of his following acknowledged his son, al-Askari, as their next Imam. Al-Askari's contact with the Shia population was restricted by the caliphs and instead, he communicated with his followers through a network of representatives. He died in Samarra in 873–874 at the age of about twenty-eight and was buried in the family home next to his father, which later developed into al-Askari shrine, a major center for Shia pilgrimage. Shia sources commonly hold the Abbasids responsible for the death of al-Askari and his father. A well-known early Shia commentary of the Quran is attributed to al-Askari.

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04/01/0871

Æthelwulf, Saxon ealdorman

Æthelwulf of Berkshire was a Saxon ealdorman. In 860 he and other men of Berkshire fought off a band of pirates near Winchester, Hampshire. Later he mustered a force of 1400 men against an army of Danes, won the 31 December 870 Battle of Englefield on behalf of the then kingdom of Wessex. He received a land grant in 843/44 from Brihtwulf, king of Mercia; and lost his life at the Battle of Reading.

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