Thursday, 12th June 2025 in London

Welcome to your daily snapshot of London! It's World Day Against Child Labour. Explore 58 historical events, birthdays, deaths, and milestones that shaped this day in London. From remarkable moments in local and world history to the people who left their mark — find out what makes today special. Today's weather in London brings drizzly with temperatures between 14°C and 25°C. Tonight's moon is in its new moon phase, and the zodiac sign of the day is Gemini. If you're curious about the history of a day — this page brings together everything worth knowing about this Thursday, 12th June in London, GB.

London
Ilya Grigorik – CC BY-SA 3.0Wikimedia Commons

London, the capital of the United Kingdom, experiences drizzly weather on this date. The city sits on the River Thames in south-east England and serves as the country's political, economic and cultural centre. On 12 June 2025, the sun is in Gemini, the zodiac sign associated with communication and intellectual curiosity, and the moon is in its new moon phase, marking the beginning of a fresh lunar cycle.

On this day

On 12 June 1987, US President Ronald Reagan delivered one of the defining speeches of the Cold War at the Brandenburg Gate in West Berlin, challenging Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev to tear down the Berlin Wall. The address became a symbol of American determination to end the ideological conflict that had divided Europe for four decades, and Reagan's words would resonate throughout the final years of the Soviet Union's existence.

Sixteen years earlier, on the same date in 1971, the US Supreme Court made a landmark civil rights ruling in Loving v. Virginia, striking down laws that restricted interracial marriage. The decision overturned anti-miscegenation statutes that remained on the books in sixteen states, establishing that the freedom to marry was a fundamental right protected by the Constitution and ending decades of legal discrimination against interracial couples across America.

World Day Against Child Labour

World Day Against Child Labour, observed on 12 June each year, aims to highlight the plight of children engaged in labour worldwide and mobilise action against exploitative working practices. The date was chosen by the International Labour Organisation to coincide with the day in 1998 when the ILO adopted the Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work. The observance has been marked annually since 2002, serving as a focal point for governments, organisations and civil society to assess progress in eliminating child labour. The day emphasises the importance of education and protection for vulnerable children in developing regions.

DayAtlas provides comprehensive information for any date and location, displaying weather conditions, significant historical events, and notable births and deaths. Users can explore what happened on specific days throughout history whilst learning about current atmospheric conditions and astrological details relevant to their chosen date and place.

Find out what's happening today in London.

What the Weather Had in Store for London on 12th June 2025

Drizzle

Sunrise 04:43
Sunset 21:17
Sunshine duration 14:26 hours
Daylight duration 16:34 hours

Maximum temperature 25°C
Minimum temperature 14.1°C

Wind speed 15km/h from SE
Precipitation 0.8mm

Wind carries the weight of invisible thoughts.

Fortune of the Day

12th June in the Stars – Star Sign Gemini

Today, the zodiac sign Gemini celebrates its birthday.

Personality Profile

Personality Those born on June 12th blend Mercury's intellectual brilliance with Venus's harmonious touch. These Geminis think fast, communicate gracefully, and seek aesthetic beauty around them. Their curiosity meets a refined sense of balance and social elegance.

Strengths & Weaknesses Strengths: flexibility, communication talent, cultural sensitivity, adaptability. Weaknesses: superficiality, emotional inconsistency, restless tendencies. Venus influence softens typical Gemini flightiness but creates internal tensions.

Love These natives need mental stimulation and emotional depth equally. They prefer partners who understand their thought leaps and appreciate social sophistication. Loyalty develops through understanding and shared intellectual and sensual adventures.

Caree & Finance Ideal careers leverage communication gifts: media, art, negotiation, design. Financial stability emerges through focus rather than versatility. These individuals earn best through creativity and people-management skills.

Health Nervousness and mental overactivity can trigger sleep problems. Balance through yoga, music, or artistic pursuits helps. A structured routine with rest periods prevents burnout and promotes emotional stability.


That night, the moon was in its new moon phase.


Chinese year of the Snake (Wood).

Fun Facts About 12th June

Name Days in Your Language: Ahmad, Ahmed, Aisha, Asia, Mohamed, Mohammad, Mohammed


Someone born on this day would be just 353 days old today — roughly 8,494 hours, 509,697 minutes, or 30,581,830 seconds spent on Earth so far.


It's the 163. day of the year. In 2025, 12th June falls on a Thursday.


There are 202 days still to come.


We’re currently in Week 24 — the year marches on.

Famous Birthdays on 12th June

On this day, 203 notable people were born on 12th June — spanning from 950 to 2002. From world leaders to artists and scientists, discover who shares this birthday.

12/06/2002

Koni De Winter, Belgian footballer

Koni De Winter is a Belgian professional footballer who plays as centre-back for Serie A club AC Milan and the Belgium national team.


12/06/1999

CarryMinati, Indian YouTuber

Ajey Nagar, better known as CarryMinati, is an Indian YouTuber, streamer and rapper. He is known for his roasting videos, comedic skits and reactions to various online topics on his channel CarryMinati. His other channel CarryisLive is dedicated to gaming and live streams. With over 45 million subscribers as of January 2026, he is one of the most-subscribed individual YouTubers in India. In May 2020, his roast video titled YouTube vs TikTok: The End caused controversy on YouTube. The video was removed by YouTube for violations against the platform's terms of service, citing reasons such as cyberbullying and harassment.


12/06/1996

Gustav Forsling, Swedish ice hockey player

Gustav Forsling is a Swedish professional ice hockey player who is a defenceman for the Florida Panthers of the National Hockey League (NHL). Forsling was selected by the Vancouver Canucks in the fifth round of the 2014 NHL entry draft, but did not play for the team. He previously played for the Chicago Blackhawks. Forsling won back-to-back Stanley Cup championships with the Panthers in 2024 and 2025.


Davinson Sánchez, Colombian footballer

Davinson Sánchez Mina is a Colombian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Süper Lig club Galatasaray and the Colombia national team.


Shonica Wharton, Barbadian netball player

Shonica Wharton is a Barbadian netball player who represents Barbados internationally and plays in the positions of goal shooter and goal keeper. She competed at the Netball World Cup on two occasions in 2015 and 2019. She also represented Barbados at the Commonwealth Games in 2014 and 2018.


12/06/1994

Don Toliver, American rapper and singer-songwriter

Caleb Zackary "Don" Toliver is an American rapper, singer, and songwriter. His debut mixtape, Donny Womack (2018), was released one day prior to fellow Houston rapper Travis Scott's album Astroworld, on which Toliver made a guest appearance. In the following week, he signed with Scott's record label, Cactus Jack Records, in a joint venture with Atlantic Records.


12/06/1992

Philippe Coutinho, Brazilian footballer

Philippe Coutinho Correia is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder. He is currently a free agent after playing for Campeonato Brasileiro Série A club Vasco da Gama. He is known for his combination of vision, passing, dribbling and ability to conjure curling long-range shots.


Allie DiMeco, American actress and musician

Alexandra Jean Theresa "Allie" DiMeco is an American actress, reality television personality, multi-instrumentalist, and model, primarily known for playing the role of Nat Wolff's main love interest Rosalina in the Nickelodeon musical comedy series The Naked Brothers Band.


12/06/1991

Avisaíl García, Venezuelan baseball player

Avisaíl Antonio García Yaguarin is a Venezuelan former professional baseball right fielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Detroit Tigers, Chicago White Sox, Tampa Bay Rays, Milwaukee Brewers, and Miami Marlins. He signed with the Tigers as a non-drafted free agent in 2007 and made his major league debut in 2012.


12/06/1990

Jrue Holiday, American basketball player

Jrue Randall Holiday is an American professional basketball player for the Portland Trail Blazers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for one season with the UCLA Bruins before being selected by the Philadelphia 76ers in the first round of the 2009 NBA draft with the 17th overall pick.


David Worrall, English footballer

David Richard Worrall is an English former professional football player. He was a versatile, aggressive player who could play wide right or in central midfield.


12/06/1989

Emma Eliasson, Swedish ice hockey player

Emma Maria Josefin Eliasson is a Swedish retired ice hockey player. Considered one of the greatest Swedish defenders to ever play the game and known for her offensive abilities and physical style of play, she averaged over a point per game in her 10-year SDHL career, playing in five SDHL championship finals, and made over 230 appearances for the Swedish national team, winning a silver medal at the 2006 Winter Olympics.


Ibrahim Jeilan, Ethiopian runner

Ibrahim Jeilan Gashu is an Ethiopian professional long-distance runner who specialises in the 5000 metres and 10,000 metres on the track, as well as cross country running. He is a former world champion in 10,000 metres.


12/06/1988

Eren Derdiyok, Swiss footballer

Eren Derdiyok is a Swiss former professional footballer who played as a striker. He is a former Swiss international. Derdiyok has played for ten different clubs in Europe, as well as a one year stint in Uzbekistan's capital with Pakhtakor FC.


Mauricio Isla, Chilean footballer

Mauricio Aníbal Isla Isla is a Chilean professional footballer who plays as a right-back and midfielder.


12/06/1986

Salim Mehajer, Australian politician

Salim Mehajer is an Australian convicted criminal, property developer and former deputy mayor of Auburn City Council. In March 2018, Mehajer was declared bankrupt and in April 2018 was found guilty of electoral fraud, and sentenced to 21 months in prison with a non-parole period of 11 months. In April 2021, he was sentenced to 2 years and 3 months for lying to court. In May 2023, he was sentenced to seven years and nine months for domestic violence and fraud offences, with a non-parole period of three-and-a-half years. He was released on parole on 18 July 2025.


12/06/1985

Dave Franco, American actor

David John Franco is an American actor and filmmaker. He began his career with small roles in films such as Superbad (2007) and Charlie St. Cloud (2010). Following a starring role in the ninth season of the comedy series Scrubs (2009–2010), Franco had his film breakthrough with a supporting role in the buddy comedy film 21 Jump Street (2012).


Blake Ross, American computer programmer, co-created Mozilla Firefox

Blake Aaron Ross is an American software engineer who is best known for his work as the co-creator of the Mozilla Firefox web browser with Dave Hyatt. In 2005, he was nominated for Wired magazine's top Rave Award, Renegade of the Year, opposite Larry Page, Sergey Brin and Jon Stewart. He was also a part of Rolling Stone magazine's 2005 hot list. From 2007, he worked for Facebook as Director of Product until resigning in early 2013.


Sam Thaiday, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster

Samuel Arthur Thaiday is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played for the Brisbane Broncos in the National Rugby League, serving as their captain from 2012 until 2013. An Australian international and Queensland State of Origin representative second-row, he could also play prop and lock as well as hooker and spent all of his career at the Broncos, with whom he won the 2006 premiership. In 2008, Australia's centenary of rugby league and Thaiday's sixth year at the top level, he was one of only three current players to be named in the Indigenous Australian rugby league team of the century. On 6 July 2018, Thaiday announced his intention to retire from the NRL at the end of the 2018 season.


Kendra Wilkinson, American model, actress, and author

Kendra Leigh Wilkinson, born June 12, 1985, is an American television personality and real estate agent. She first gained recognition as one of Hugh Hefner's girlfriends and for her role on the E! reality television series The Girls Next Door (2005–2009), on which her life in the Playboy Mansion was documented. Although not a Playboy Playmate, she has appeared in three nude pictorials with her Girls Next Door co-stars Holly Madison and Bridget Marquardt. She subsequently starred in her own reality shows, Kendra (2009–2011) and Kendra on Top (2012–2017).


12/06/1984

James Kwalia, Kenyan-Qatari runner

James Kwalia C'Kurui is an athlete who represents Qatar after switching from his homeland Kenya. Specializing in the 3000 and 5000 metres, his personal best times are 7:28.28 minutes and 12:54.58 minutes respectively. He was born in Trans Nzoia. He is the current holder of the Asian indoor record over 5000 m which he broke in Düsseldorf in February 2009.


Bruno Soriano, Spanish footballer

Bruno Soriano Llido is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder.


12/06/1983

Bryan Habana, South African rugby player

Bryan Gary Habana OIS is a South African former professional rugby union player. Playing mainly as a wing, he is widely considered to be one of the greatest players in the history of the sport. He played for the Golden Lions, the Blue Bulls and Western Province in South Africa, for the Bulls and the Stormers in Super Rugby, and for Toulon in the French Top 14, and won 124 caps for the South Africa national team.


Christine Sinclair, Canadian soccer player

Christine Margaret Sinclair is a Canadian former professional soccer player. An Olympic gold medallist, two-time Olympic bronze medallist, CONCACAF champion, and 14-time winner of the Canada Soccer Player of the Year award, Sinclair is officially the world's all-time leader for international goals scored for men or women with 190 goals, and is one of the most-capped international soccer players with 331 appearances.


12/06/1982

Shailaja Pujari, Indian weightlifter

Shailaja Pujari is a former Indian weightlifter.


James Tomlinson, English cricketer

James Andrew Tomlinson is an English former cricketer. A left-arm medium pace bowler, capable of producing swing at a brisk pace, Tomlinson first appeared in senior cricket for the Hampshire Cricket Board in List A cricket in the 2000 NatWest Trophy. He first appeared for Hampshire in first-class cricket in 2002, at this stage of career he had to work his cricket career around his studies at Cardiff University. In 2003 he was Hampshire's recipient of the NBC Denis Compton Award. His early career with Hampshire was beset by injury, which limited his appearances. By 2008, Tomlinson had established himself in the Hampshire team, mostly as a specialist first-class player. It was in this season that he became the first Hampshire bowler since Malcolm Marshall to end the season as the leading wicket taker in the County Championship, finishing with 67 wickets.


12/06/1981

Raitis Grafs, Latvian basketball player

Raitis Grafs is a Latvian former professional basketball player. He played at the center position. Grafs represented the senior men's Latvian national team. He was a FIBA EuroStar in 2007.


Adriana Lima, Brazilian model and actress

Adriana Lima is a Brazilian model. She was a Victoria's Secret Angel from 2000 to 2018, having made her Victoria's Secret Fashion Show debut in 1999, making her the longest-running Victoria's Secret Angel and model. In 2017, she was named "the most valuable Victoria's Secret Angel" by American analytics company D’Marie. She is also known for her Super Bowl and Kia Motors commercials.


12/06/1980

Marco Bortolami, Italian rugby player

Marco Bortolami is a rugby union coach and retired Italian international player, whose career includes experience playing in the national top-level Italian, French, and English championships, before joining the then recently-born Pro14. Praised for his leadership skills, he captained all the teams he played for at professional level. At international level, he also captained the Italian side since 2002 till the 2007 Rugby World Cup, before being replaced in the permanent role by Sergio Parisse.


12/06/1979

Dallas Clark, American football player

Dallas Dean Clark is an American former professional football player who was a tight end for 11 seasons in the National Football League (NFL), primarily for the Indianapolis Colts. He played college football for the Iowa Hawkeyes, earning unanimous All-American honors and recognition as the top college tight end in the nation. He was selected by Indianapolis in the first round of the 2003 NFL draft and he was a member of their Super Bowl XLI championship team against the Chicago Bears. He also played in the NFL for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and the Baltimore Ravens.


Martine Dugrenier, Canadian wrestler

Martine Dugrenier is a Canadian retired wrestler. A three time world champion, she has also competed twice at the Olympics, finishing in 5th place both times.


Diego Milito, Argentine footballer

Diego Alberto Milito is an Argentine former professional footballer who played as a striker. He was nicknamed El Principe because of his physical resemblance with former Uruguayan footballer Enzo Francescoli, who had the same nickname.


Robyn, Swedish singer-songwriter, musician, and record producer

Robin Miriam Carlsson, known professionally as Robyn, is a Swedish singer, songwriter, record producer, and DJ. Musically, she is noted for performing upbeat dance-oriented songs that often feature melancholic lyrics, and has been called the "stateswoman of alt-pop" by The Guardian.


Earl Watson, American basketball player and coach

Earl Joseph Watson Jr. is an American professional basketball coach and former player, who serves as an assistant coach for the San Diego Toreros. He played college basketball for the UCLA Bruins, where he was a four-year starter and named all-conference as a senior in the Pac-10. Watson was drafted by the Seattle SuperSonics in the second round of the 2001 NBA draft with the 39th overall selection. He played 13 seasons in the NBA with seven teams before becoming a coach in 2014. He was the head coach of the Phoenix Suns from 2016 to 2017.


12/06/1978

Lewis Moody, English rugby player

Lewis Walton Moody is an English retired rugby union player. He played for Leicester Tigers and Bath and was part of the 2003 World Cup winning side. Moody was chosen for the 2005 British & Irish Lions tour to New Zealand, being capped twice. He is known for the enthusiasm with which he played the game, his willingness to chase down opponents and his ability to compete for possession at restarts, which earned him the nickname "Mad Dog" from teammates and supporters.


12/06/1977

Wade Redden, Canadian ice hockey player

Wade Redden is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player and a development coach of the Ottawa Senators, with whom he spent the majority of his career in the National Hockey League (NHL), which lasted from 1996 to 2013. He also played for the New York Rangers, St. Louis Blues and Boston Bruins. He played for the Canadian national team internationally seven times, winning two gold medals in the World Junior Championships and one in the World Cup of Hockey. He was a two-time NHL All-Star.


12/06/1976

Antawn Jamison, American basketball player and sportscaster

Antawn Cortez Jamison is an American former professional basketball player who played 16 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He serves as director of pro personnel for the Washington Wizards. Jamison played college basketball for the North Carolina Tar Heels, being named national player of the year in 1998.


Ray Price, Zimbabwean cricketer

Raymond William Price is a former Zimbabwean international cricketer. He bowls left-arm orthodox spin. He is the nephew of the renowned Zimbabwean golfer Nick Price.


Thomas Sørensen, Danish footballer

Thomas Løvendahl Sørensen is a Danish former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.


Paul Stenning, English author

Paul David Stenning is an English author and ghostwriter. He has written twenty-nine books, of fiction, non-fiction, poetry and biography. The best-known of his books is The Robert Pattinson Album, a biography of Robert Pattinson, first published in 2009 and appearing in seven languages since then.


12/06/1975

Bryan Alvarez, American wrestler and journalist

Bryan Alvarez is an American independent professional wrestler, martial artist, satellite radio host, podcaster, and journalist. Alvarez is the editor and publisher of Figure Four Weekly, a fan run, online newsletter that has covered professional wrestling since 1995.


Stéphanie Szostak, French-American actress

Stéphanie Szostak is a French actress and author who started her career in the early 2000s. Szostak is best known for having appeared in the films The Devil Wears Prada, Dinner for Schmucks, Iron Man 3, and R.I.P.D. Szostak starred in the USA Network original drama series Satisfaction and the ABC series A Million Little Things.


12/06/1974

Flávio Conceição, Brazilian footballer

Flávio da Conceição is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder.


Hideki Matsui, Japanese baseball player

Hideki Matsui , nicknamed "Godzilla", is a Japanese former professional baseball outfielder and designated hitter. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Yankees, Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, Oakland Athletics, Tampa Bay Rays, and in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Yomiuri Giants. He batted left-handed and threw right-handed.


12/06/1973

Jason Caffey, American basketball player and coach

Jason Andre Caffey is an American former professional basketball player who won two NBA championships with the Chicago Bulls in the 1990s. He later became the head coach of the American Basketball Association's Mobile Bay Hurricanes.


Darryl White, Australian footballer

Darryl White is an Australian rules footballer whose career with the Brisbane Bears and Brisbane Lions in the Australian Football League (AFL) lasted from 1992 to 2005.


12/06/1971

Mark Henry, American weightlifter and wrestler

Mark Jerrold Henry is an American former powerlifter, Olympic weightlifter, strongman, and retired professional wrestler currently signed to WWE under a Legends contract.


Ryan Klesko, American baseball player

Ryan Anthony Klesko is an American former Major League Baseball first baseman and corner outfielder who played for the Atlanta Braves, San Diego Padres and San Francisco Giants. He attended Westminster High School in Westminster, California.


Jérôme Romain, Caribbean-Dominican triple jumper and coach

Jérôme Romain is a former world-class track and field athlete who competed mainly in the triple jump.


12/06/1969

Zsolt Daczi, Hungarian guitarist (died 2007)

Zsolt Daczi was a Hungarian guitarist. He was born in Kiskunhalas, Hungary.


Héctor Garza, Mexican wrestler (died 2013)

Héctor Solano Segura was a Mexican professional wrestler, better known by the ring name Héctor Garza. During his career he worked for various major Mexican professional wrestling promotions such as Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL), Perros del Mal Producciones and, at the time of death, AAA. Garza also worked for several major promotions such as World Championship Wrestling (WCW), the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) in the United States.


Mathieu Schneider, American ice hockey player

Mathieu David Schneider is an American former professional ice hockey player. Considered an offensive defenseman, Schneider played 1,289 games in the National Hockey League with ten different teams, scoring 233 goals and totaling 743 points. He won the Stanley Cup in 1993 with the Montreal Canadiens.


Heinz-Christian Strache, Austrian politician

Heinz-Christian Strache is an Austrian politician and dental technician who served as Vice-Chancellor of Austria from 2017 to 2019 before resigning owing to his involvement in the Ibiza affair. He was also Minister of Civil Service and Sports from January 2018 to May 2019 and chairman of the Freedom Party (FPÖ) from April 2005 to May 2019. He previously served as a member of the National Council from October 2006 until December 2017 and as a member of the municipal council and state legislature of Vienna (2001–2006).


12/06/1968

Scott Aldred, American baseball player and coach

Scott Phillip Aldred is an American former Major League Baseball pitcher and current minor league pitching coach.


Bobby Sheehan, American bass player and songwriter (died 1999)

Blues Traveler is an American rock band that formed in Princeton, New Jersey, in 1987. The group is known for creative segues during live performances and pioneering the H.O.R.D.E. touring music festival.


12/06/1967

Aivar Kuusmaa, Estonian basketball player and coach

Aivar Kuusmaa is an Estonian basketball coach and former professional basketball player who currently serves as head coach for Tartu Ülikool of the Latvian-Estonian Basketball League. He played mostly at the shooting guard position.


Frances O'Connor, English-Australian actress

Frances Ann O'Connor is an Australian actress. She appears in roles in the films Mansfield Park, Bedazzled, A.I. Artificial Intelligence, The Importance of Being Earnest, and Timeline. In television, she had main roles in Shark Bay, Mr Selfridge, Cleverman, Troy: Fall of a City, and The End, and had a recurring role in Wednesday. O'Connor won an AACTA Award for her performance in Blessed, and also earned two Golden Globe Award nominations for her performances in Madame Bovary and The Missing. In 2022, her debut feature as writer and director Emily was released.


12/06/1966

Marc Glanville, Australian rugby league player

Marc Glanville is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played the 1980s and 1990s.


Tom Misteli, Swiss cell biologist

Tom Misteli is a Swiss-born (Solothurn) cell biologist who has pioneered the field of genome cell biology. From 2016-2024 he was the Director of the Center for Cancer Research at the National Cancer Institute, NIH.


12/06/1965

Adrian Toole, Australian rugby league player

Adrian James Toole is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s and 1990s. He played for the North Sydney Bears, primarily as a prop.


Gwen Torrence, American sprinter

Gwendolyn Lenna Torrence is a retired American sprinter and Olympic champion. She was born in Decatur, Georgia. She attended Columbia High School and the University of Georgia. She was offered a scholarship because of her athletic abilities, but she said she wasn't interested because she initially wanted to become a beautician. From the persuasion from her coaches and family, she chose to enroll to the University of Georgia.


Cathy Tyson, English actress

Catherine Tyson is a British actress. She won the Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in the film Mona Lisa (1986), which also earned her Best Supporting Actress nominations at the Golden Globes and BAFTA Awards. She has starred in The Serpent and the Rainbow (1988), Priest (1994), and Band of Gold (1995–1997). She won the British Academy Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in 2022 for her performance in the film Help.


12/06/1964

Derek Higgins, Irish racing driver

Derek Higgins is an Irish former race car driver. He was born in Dublin.


Takashi Yamazaki, Japanese filmmaker

Takashi Yamazaki is a Japanese filmmaker and visual effects supervisor. Known for his blockbusters featuring advanced visual effects, he is considered a leading figure in the Japanese film industry. Yamazaki is the recipient of multiple accolades, including an Academy Award, eight Japanese Academy Awards, five Nikkan Sports Film Awards, two Hochi Film Awards, and an Asian Film Award. His films have collectively grossed over $523 million worldwide.


12/06/1963

Philippe Bugalski, French racing driver (died 2012)

Philippe Bernard Bugalski was a French rally driver.


Warwick Capper, Australian footballer, coach, and actor

Warwick Richard Capper is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Sydney Swans and the Brisbane Bears in the Australian Football League (AFL), known before 1990 as the Victorian Football League (VFL). An accomplished full-forward, Capper kicked 388 goals over a 124-game career, twice finishing runner-up for the Coleman Medal with a peak of 103 goals in 1987. He was also famous for his high-flying spectacular marks, one of which earned him the 1987 Mark of the Year award.


12/06/1962

Jordan Peterson, Canadian psychologist, professor and cultural critic

Jordan Bernt Peterson is a Canadian psychologist, author, and media commentator. He received widespread attention in the late 2010s for his views on cultural and political issues. Often described as conservative, Peterson self-identifies as a classical liberal and traditionalist.


12/06/1960

Joe Kopicki, American basketball player and coach

Joseph Gerard Kopicki is an American former basketball player. At 6 feet 9 inches (2.06 m) and 240 pounds (110 kg), he played the power forward position.


12/06/1959

John Linnell, American singer-songwriter and musician

John Sidney Linnell is an American musician, multi-instrumentalist, and a co-founder of alternative rock band They Might Be Giants with John Flansburgh, which was formed in 1982. In addition to singing and songwriting, he plays keyboard, accordion, baritone and bass saxophone, and clarinet for the band.


Scott Thompson, Canadian actor and comedian

John Scott Thompson is a Canadian actor and comedian, best known as member of the comedy troupe The Kids in the Hall and for playing Brian on The Larry Sanders Show.


12/06/1958

Meredith Brooks, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

Meredith Ann Brooks is an American singer-songwriter and guitarist. A member of the Oregon music scene, she received international acclaim with her solo album Blurring the Edges (1997) and its single, "Bitch", which reached the top 10 in many countries and earned her two Grammy Award nominations.


Barry Michael Cooper, American writer, producer and director (died 2025)

Barry Michael Cooper was an American writer, producer, and director, best known for his screenplays for the films New Jack City (1991), Sugar Hill (1994), and Above the Rim (1994), sometimes called his "Harlem Trilogy".


12/06/1957

Timothy Busfield, American actor, director, and producer

Timothy Busfield is an American actor and director. He played Arnold Poindexter in the first two Revenge of the Nerds films, Elliot Weston on the television series Thirtysomething, Mark in Field of Dreams, and Danny Concannon on the television series The West Wing. In 1991, he received a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series for Thirtysomething.


Javed Miandad, Pakistani cricketer and coach

Mohammad Javed Miandad, PP, SI, popularly known as Javed Miandad, is a Pakistani cricket coach, commentator and former cricketer known for his unconventional style of captaincy and batting. ESPNcricinfo described him as "the greatest batsman Pakistan has ever produced" and his contemporary Ian Chappell extolled him as one of the finest batsmen in the history of cricket.


12/06/1956

Terry Alderman, Australian cricketer and sportscaster

Terence Michael Alderman is a former Australian international cricketer who played primarily as a right-arm fast-medium bowler.


Michael Angelo Batio, American heavy metal guitarist

Michael Angelo Batio, also known as Michael Angelo, Mike Batio or MAB, is an American heavy metal guitarist. He was the lead guitarist for the glam metal band Nitro in the late 1980s and early 1990s. He is currently the permanent guitarist for the band Manowar.


12/06/1953

Rocky Burnette, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

Jonathan "Rocky" Burnette is an American singer and musician and the son of the rockabilly and pop singer Johnny Burnette. Rocky is best known for his 1980 hit single "Tired of Toein' the Line" which he co-wrote with Ron Coleman, who formerly wrote, recorded and performed with the Brothers Grim and the Everly Brothers.


Árni Steinar Jóhannsson, Icelandic politician (died 2015)

Árni Steinar Jóhannsson was an Icelandic politician and member of the Althing. A member of the Left-Green Movement, he represented the Northeastern constituency from May 1999 to May 2003.


12/06/1952

Spencer Abraham, American academic and politician, 10th United States Secretary of Energy

Edward Spencer Abraham is an American attorney, author, and politician who served as the 10th United States Secretary of Energy from 2001 to 2005, under President George W. Bush. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a United States Senator from Michigan from 1995 to 2001. Abraham is one of the founders of the Federalist Society, and a co-founder of the Harvard Journal of Law & Public Policy. As of 2026, he is the last Republican to have served as a U.S. senator from Michigan.


Junior Brown, American country music singer-songwriter and guitarist

Jamieson "Junior" Brown is an American country guitarist and singer. He has released 12 studio albums in his career, and has charted twice on the Billboard country singles charts. Brown's signature instrument is the "guit-steel" double-neck guitar, a hybrid of electric guitar and lap steel guitar.


12/06/1951

Brad Delp, American musician and singer (died 2007)

Bradley Edward Delp was an American singer and musician who was the original lead vocalist of the American rock band Boston. A Massachusetts native, Delp began collaborating with leader Tom Scholz in 1970, and was the band's longtime lead singer across various stints from 1975 until his suicide in 2007. Delp is best known for his lead vocals on the albums Boston (1976), Don't Look Back (1978) and Third Stage (1986). He performed in every Boston concert tour prior to his death. Delp was known for his "unique and soulful singing" and vocal range.


Andranik Margaryan, Armenian engineer and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Armenia (died 2007)

Andranik Nahapeti Margaryan was an Armenian politician who served as the Prime Minister of Armenia from 12 May 2000, when the President appointed him, until his death on 25 March 2007. He was a member of the Republican Party of Armenia. He succeeded the Sargsyan brothers: Vazgen Sargsyan, who was murdered during the Armenian parliament shooting on 27 October 1999 and Aram Sargsyan, whom the President appointed a week later, but fired on 2 May 2000.


12/06/1950

Oğuz Abadan, Turkish singer-songwriter and guitarist

Oğuz Abadan is a Turkish musician born in Ankara.


Michael Fabricant, English politician

Sir Michael Louis David Fabricant is a British politician. A member of the Conservative Party, he served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Lichfield in Staffordshire, formerly Mid Staffordshire, from 1992 until his defeat in 2024.


Sonia Manzano, American actress

Sonia Manzano is an American actress, writer and speaker. She is best known for playing Maria on Sesame Street from 1971 to 2015. She received a Lifetime Achievement Daytime Emmy Award in 2016.


12/06/1949

Jens Böhrnsen, German judge and politician

Jens Böhrnsen is a German politician of the SPD who served as President of the Senate and Mayor of Bremen from 2005 to 2015. From 1 November 2009 until 31 October 2010, he was President of the Bundesrat. As such, he was acting head of state of Germany from the resignation of President Horst Köhler on 31 May 2010 until the election of Christian Wulff on 30 June 2010. Böhrnsen resigned in 2015 after his party sustained losses in the state parliament election.


Marc Tardif, Canadian ice hockey player

Joseph Gérard Marquis Tardif is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. He played left winger in both the National Hockey League (NHL) and the World Hockey Association (WHA), principally for the Quebec Nordiques. He also represented Canada in the 1974 Summit Series. A dominant force in the WHA, Tardif had four consecutive seasons with 95+ points from 1975 to 1979; Tardif served as the captain of the Nordiques from 1975 to 1981, making him the first Nordique captain when the team entered the NHL. On April 4, 1978, he became the second professional hockey player to record 150 points in a season. In addition to his two Stanley Cup championships, he led the Nordiques to the Avco World Trophy to go along with winning the Gordie Howe Trophy for most valuable play in the WHA.


John Wetton, English singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer (died 2017)

John Kenneth Wetton was an English musician, singer, and songwriter. He was known for his bass playing as well as his baritone voice. In 1971, he was a member of the rock band Family for a short time, before joining King Crimson in 1972. After the breakup of King Crimson at the end of 1974, he played in a number of other bands, including Roxy Music (1974–1975), Uriah Heep (1975–1976), U.K. (1977–1980), and Wishbone Ash (1980–1981).


12/06/1948

Hans Binder, Austrian racing driver

Hans Binder is an Austrian former Formula One driver who raced for the Ensign, Wolf, Surtees and ATS teams.


Herbert Meyer, German footballer

Herbert Meyer is a German former footballer who made a total of 201 appearances in the Bundesliga during his playing career.


Len Wein, American comic book writer and editor (died 2017)

Leonard Norman Wein was an American comic book writer and editor best known for co-creating DC Comics' Swamp Thing and Marvel Comics' Wolverine, and for helping revive the Marvel superhero team the X-Men. Additionally, he was the editor for writer Alan Moore and illustrator Dave Gibbons' influential DC miniseries Watchmen.


12/06/1946

Michel Bergeron, Canadian ice hockey player and coach

Michel Bergeron is a Canadian former ice hockey coach.


Bobby Gould, English footballer and manager

Robert Alfred Gould is an English former footballer and manager.


Catherine Bréchignac, French physicist and academic

Catherine Bréchignac is a French physicist. She is a commander of the Légion d'honneur, "secrétaire perpétuel honoraire" of the Académie des sciences and former president of the CNRS. The Times says she has "a formidable reputation for determination, decisiveness and an aptitude for analysing and clarifying complex matters." As a president of the CNRS, she was responsible for 25,000 employees, 12,000 of whom are researchers, and a budget of 2.42 billion Euros.


12/06/1945

Pat Jennings, Northern Irish footballer and coach

Patrick Anthony Jennings is a Northern Irish former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He is widely recognised as one of the greatest goalkeepers in the history of the sport and was nominated for the Ballon d'Or in 1973, 1975 and 1985.


12/06/1942

Len Barry, American singer-songwriter and producer (died 2020)

Leonard Warren Borisoff, known professionally by the stage name Len Barry, was an American singer, songwriter, lyricist, record producer, author, and poet.


Bert Sakmann, German physiologist and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate

Bert Sakmann is a German cell physiologist. He shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Erwin Neher in 1991 for their work on "the function of single ion channels in cells," and the invention of the patch clamp. Bert Sakmann was Professor at Heidelberg University and is an Emeritus Scientific Member of the Max Planck Institute for Medical Research in Heidelberg, Germany. Since 2008 he leads an emeritus research group at the Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology.


12/06/1941

Marv Albert, American sportscaster

Marv Albert is an American former sportscaster. Honored for his work by the Basketball Hall of Fame, he was commonly referred to as "the voice of basketball". From 1967 to 2004, he was also known as "the voice of the New York Knicks". Albert was best known nationally for his work as the lead announcer for both the NBA on NBC and NBA games on TNT. In 2015, he was inducted into the Broadcasting Hall of Fame.


Chick Corea, American pianist and composer (died 2021)

Armando Anthony "Chick" Corea was an American jazz pianist, composer, bandleader, and occasional percussionist. His compositions "Spain", "500 Miles High", "La Fiesta", "Armando's Rhumba", and "Windows" are considered jazz standards.


Roy Harper, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor

Roy Harper is an English folk rock singer, songwriter, poet and guitarist. He has released 22 studio albums across a career that stretches back to 1966. As a musician, Harper is known for his distinctive fingerstyle playing and lengthy, lyrical, complex compositions, reflecting his love of jazz and the poet John Keats.


Reg Presley, English singer-songwriter (died 2013)

Reginald Maurice Ball, known professionally as Reg Presley, was an English singer and songwriter. He was the lead singer with the 1960s rock and roll band the Troggs, whose hits included "Wild Thing" and "With a Girl Like You". He wrote the song "Love Is All Around", which was featured in the films Four Weddings and a Funeral and Love Actually.


Lucille Roybal-Allard, American politician

Lucille Elsa Roybal-Allard is an American politician who served as a U.S. representative from California from 1993 to 2023. A member of the Democratic Party, she first entered Congress in 1993. Her district, numbered as the 33rd until 2003, the 34th from 2003 to 2013, and the 40th from 2013 to 2023, included much of southern Los Angeles, as well as several eastern suburbs, such as Downey, Bell and Bell Gardens. On December 20, 2021, Roybal-Allard announced her retirement at the end of the 117th Congress.


12/06/1940

Jacques Brassard, Canadian educator and politician

Jacques Brassard is a former Quebec politician and Cabinet Minister. He was the National Assembly of Quebec for Lac-Saint-Jean from 1976 to 2002 and occupied several portfolios as a Minister under the Parti Québecois governments of René Lévesque, Pierre-Marc Johnson, Jacques Parizeau, Lucien Bouchard and Bernard Landry.


12/06/1939

Ron Lynch, Australian rugby league player and coach (died 2024)

Ron Lynch was an Australian professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1960s and 1970s. An Australian international and New South Wales interstate representative forward, he played club football in NSW for Young, Forbes, Parramatta and Penrith.


Frank McCloskey, American sergeant and politician (died 2003)

Francis Xavier McCloskey was an American journalist, lawyer, and politician from Indiana who served in the United States House of Representatives as a Democrat from 1983 to 1995.


12/06/1938

Jean-Marie Doré, Guinean lawyer and politician, 11th Prime Minister of Guinea (died 2016)

Jean-Marie Doré was a Guinean politician who was the prime minister of Guinea from January 2010 until December 2010. Doré, who was the president of the Union for the Progress of Guinea (UPG), was an opposition leader for years before being chosen to head a transitional government that was in place during the preparation and conduct of the 2010 presidential election.


Tom Oliver, English-Australian actor

Tom Oliver is a British-born naturalised Australian retired actor, known internationally for his long-running role in TV soap opera Neighbours as Lou Carpenter, a role he played for some 25 years becoming one of the longest serving cast members. Lou was known for his constant sparring with Harold Bishop and romance with Madge, as well as his trademark dirty laugh, which Oliver noted was inspired by Sid James.


12/06/1937

Vladimir Arnold, Russian-French mathematician and academic (died 2010)

Vladimir Igorevich Arnold was a Soviet and Russian mathematician. He is best known for the Kolmogorov–Arnold–Moser theorem regarding the stability of integrable systems, and contributed to several areas, including geometrical theory of dynamical systems, algebra, catastrophe theory, topology, real algebraic geometry, symplectic geometry, differential equations, classical mechanics, differential-geometric approach to hydrodynamics, geometric analysis and singularity theory, including posing the ADE classification problem. In his later years he shifted his research interests, investigating discrete mathematics.


Klaus Basikow, German footballer and manager (died 2015)

Klaus Basikow was a German football player and manager.


Antal Festetics, Hungarian-Austrian biologist and zoologist

Antal Festetics, exactly, is a Hungarian-Austrian biologist, zoologist and behavioural researcher. A student of Konrad Lorenz, in 1973 he became a university professor and director of the Institute for Hunting Biology at the University of Göttingen. In 1981 he became an honorary professor at the University of Vienna. He was awarded for the establishment of national parks in Austria and Hungary, as well as the Austrian State Prize for Environmental Protection in 1988.


Chips Moman, American record producer, guitarist, and songwriter (died 2016)

Lincoln Wayne "Chips" Moman was an American record producer, guitarist, and songwriter. He is known for working in R&B, pop music and country music, operating American Sound Studios and producing hit albums like Elvis Presley's 1969 From Elvis in Memphis and the 1985 debut album for The Highwaymen. Moman won a Grammy Award for co-writing "(Hey Won't You Play) Another Somebody Done Somebody Wrong Song", a 1975 hit for B.J. Thomas.


12/06/1935

Ian Craig, Australian cricketer (died 2014)

Ian David Craig was an Australian cricketer who represented the Australian national team in 11 Tests between 1953 and 1958. A right-handed batsman, Craig holds the records for being the youngest Australian to make a first-class double century, appear in a Test match, and captain his country in a Test match. Burdened by the public expectation of being the "next Bradman", Craig's career did not fulfil its early promise. In 1957, he was appointed Australian captain, leading a young team as part of a regeneration plan following the decline of the national team in the mid-1950s, but a loss of form and illness forced him out of the team after one season. Craig made a comeback, but work commitments forced him to retire from first-class cricket at only 26 years of age.


Paul Kennedy, English lawyer and judge

Sir Paul Joseph Morrow Kennedy, PC is an English jurist. He is a former vice-president of the Queen's Bench Division of the High Court of Justice of England and Wales, and former Interception of Communications Commissioner.


12/06/1934

John A. Alonzo, American actor and cinematographer (died 2001)

John Ayala Alonzo, ASC was an American cinematographer, television director, and actor.


Kevin Billington, English director and producer (died 2021)

Kevin Billington was a British film director, who worked in the theatre, film and television from the 1960s.


12/06/1933

Eddie Adams, American photographer and journalist (died 2004)

Edward Thomas Adams was an American photographer and photojournalist noted for portraits of celebrities and politicians and for coverage of 13 wars. He is best known for his photograph of the execution of Nguyễn Văn Lém, a Viet Cong prisoner of war, for which he won the Pulitzer Prize for Spot News Photography in 1969. Adams was a longtime resident of Bogota, New Jersey.


12/06/1932

Mimi Coertse, South African soprano and producer (died 2026)

Maria Sophia Coertse was a South African soprano who appeared professionally as Mimi Coertse. Born in Durban, she began her vocal studies in 1949. She moved to Europe in 1953, first to England and later to the Netherlands and Austria. Coertse made her debut in opera in 1955 in Parsifal, and continued to perform with various opera companies until 1978. Coertse attained the rank of Kammersängerin, and received the Decoration for Meritorious Services, the Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art, and an honorary doctorate in philosophy from the University of Pretoria, among others. She was married three times and had two adopted children. Coertse died in April 2026 at the age of 93.


Mamo Wolde, Ethiopian runner (died 2002)

Degaga "Mamo" Wolde was an Ethiopian long-distance runner who competed in track, cross-country, and road running events. He was the winner of the marathon at the 1968 Summer Olympics.


12/06/1931

Trevanian, American author and scholar (died 2005)

Rodney William Whitaker was an American film scholar and writer who wrote several novels under the pen name Trevanian. Whitaker wrote in a wide variety of genres, achieved bestseller status, and published under several other names, as well, including Nicholas Seare, Beñat Le Cagot, and Edoard Moran. He published the nonfiction book The Language of Film under his own name.


Rona Jaffe, American novelist (died 2005)

Rona Jaffe was an American novelist who published numerous works from 1958 to 2003. During the 1960s, she also wrote cultural pieces for Cosmopolitan.


12/06/1930

Jim Burke, Australian cricketer (died 1979)

James Wallace Burke was an Australian cricketer who played in 24 Test matches from 1951 to 1959. Burke holds the record for the most innings in a complete career without scoring a duck, with 44.


Donald Byrne, American chess player (died 1976)

Donald Byrne was an American university professor and chess player. He held the title International Master, and competed for his country in the Chess Olympiad on several occasions.


Innes Ireland, Scottish racing driver and engineer (died 1993)

Robert McGregor Innes Ireland was a British racing driver and journalist, who competed in Formula One from 1959 to 1966. Ireland won the 1961 United States Grand Prix with Lotus.


Jim Nabors, American actor and singer (died 2017)

James Thurston Nabors was an American actor, singer, and comedian, widely known for his signature character, Gomer Pyle.


12/06/1929

Brigid Brophy, English author and critic (died 1995)

Brigid Antonia Brophy was an English author, literary critic and polemicist. She was an influential campaigner who agitated for many types of social reform, including homosexual parity, vegetarianism, humanism, and animal rights. Brophy appeared frequently on television and in the newspapers of the 1960s and 1970s, making her prominent both in literary circles and on the wider cultural scene.


Roy Bull, Australian rugby league player (died 2004)

Roy Bull was an Australian rugby league footballer who played in the 1940s and 1950s and spent his whole career – as player, coach & administrator – with the Manly-Warringah club in Sydney. In addition to playing in three New South Wales Rugby Football League premiership grand finals, he was a representative for the New South Wales rugby league team and the Australian national side. He has since been named amongst the nation's finest footballers of the 20th century.


Anne Frank, German-Dutch diarist; victim of the Holocaust (died 1945)

Annelies Marie Frank was a German-born Jewish diarist and Holocaust victim. She gained worldwide notability posthumously for keeping a diary documenting her life in hiding during the German occupation of the Netherlands. In the diary, she regularly described her family's everyday life in their hiding place in an Amsterdam attic from 1942 until their arrest in 1944.


Jameel Jalibi, Pakistani linguist and academic (died 2019)

Jameel Jalibi was a noted linguist, critic, writer, and scholar of Urdu literature and linguistics from Pakistan. He also was a former vice-chancellor of the University of Karachi.


John McCluskey, Baron McCluskey, Scottish lawyer, judge, and politician, Solicitor General for Scotland (died 2017)

John Herbert McCluskey, Baron McCluskey was a Scottish lawyer, judge and politician, who served as Solicitor General for Scotland, the country's junior Law Officer from 1974 to 1979, and as a Senator of the College of Justice, a judge of Scotland's Supreme Courts, from 1984 to 2004. He was also member of the House of Lords from 1976 until his retirement in 2017.


12/06/1928

Vic Damone, American singer-songwriter and actor (died 2018)

Vic Damone was an American traditional pop and big band singer and actor. He was best known for his performances of songs such as the number one hit "You're Breaking My Heart", and other hits such as "On the Street Where You Live" and "I Have But One Heart".


Petros Molyviatis, Greek politician and diplomat, Greek Minister for Foreign Affairs (died 2025)

Petros G. Molyviatis was a Greek politician and diplomat who served three times as Minister for Foreign Affairs from 2004 to 2006, May to June 2012, and August to September 2015.


Richard M. Sherman, American composer and director (died 2024)

Richard Morton Sherman was an American songwriter who specialized in musical films with his brother Robert B. Sherman. According to the official Walt Disney Company website and independent fact checkers, "The Sherman Brothers were responsible for more motion picture musical song scores than any other songwriting team in film history."


12/06/1926

Amadeo Carrizo, Argentine footballer (died 2020)

Amadeo Raúl Carrizo Larretape, popularly known by his first name "Amadeo", was an Argentine football goalkeeper and manager. Carrizo is considered a pioneer of the position, helping to innovate techniques and strategies for goalkeepers. The IFFHS ranked Carrizo as the best South American keeper of the 20th century in 1999.


12/06/1924

George H. W. Bush, American lieutenant and politician, 41st President of the United States (died 2018)

George Herbert Walker Bush was the 41st president of the United States, serving from 1989 to 1993. Bush was Ronald Reagan's vice president from 1981 to 1989. He was the father of George W. Bush, the 43rd president of the United States.


Grete Dollitz, German-American guitarist and radio host (died 2013)

Grete Franke Dollitz was an American classical music radio presenter, classical guitarist, and guitar teacher in Richmond, Virginia. She was born in Germany, and immigrated to the United States with her mother and younger brother in 1935 to reunite with her father, who immigrated five years earlier. As a radio presenter, she had a deep voice, and used the phrase "Won't you join me?" at the end of her promos.


12/06/1922

Margherita Hack, Italian astrophysicist and author (died 2013)

Margherita Hack was an Italian astrophysicist and science communicator. The asteroid 8558 Hack, discovered in 1995, was named in her honour.


12/06/1921

Luis García Berlanga, Spanish director and screenwriter (died 2010)

Luis García-Berlanga Martí was a Spanish film director and screenwriter. Acclaimed as a pioneer of modern Spanish cinema, his films are marked by social satire and acerbic critiques of Spanish culture under the Francoist dictatorship. These include Welcome Mr. Marshall! (1953), which won the International Prize at the 1953 Cannes Film Festival, Plácido (1961), nominated for an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 1962, and The Executioner (1963), winner of the FIPRESCI Prize at the 24th Venice International Film Festival He kept a long-time collaboration with screenwriter Rafael Azcona, with whom he co-wrote the scripts for seven of his films between 1961 and 1987.


James Archibald Houston, Canadian author and illustrator (died 2005)

James Archibald Houston was a Canadian artist, designer, children's author and filmmaker who played an important role in the recognition of Inuit art and introduced printmaking to the Inuit. The Inuit named him Saumik, which means "the left-handed one".


12/06/1920

Dave Berg, American soldier and cartoonist (died 2002)

Dave Berg was an American cartoonist, most noted for his five decades of work in Mad of which The Lighter Side of... was the most famous.


Peter Jones, English actor and screenwriter (died 2000)

Peter Geoffrey Francis Jones was an English actor, screenwriter and broadcaster.


12/06/1919

Uta Hagen, German-American actress and educator (died 2004)

Uta Thyra Hagen was a German and American actress and theatre practitioner. She originated the role of Martha in the 1962 Broadway premiere of Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? by Edward Albee, who called her "a profoundly truthful actress." Because Hagen was on the Hollywood blacklist, in part because of her association with Paul Robeson, her film opportunities dwindled and she focused her career on New York theatre.


12/06/1918

Georgia Louise Harris Brown, American architect (died 1999)

Georgia Louise Harris Brown, is considered to be the second African American woman to become a licensed architect in the United States. She was also the first black woman to earn a degree in architecture from the University of Kansas. She was also the only black member of the Chicago chapter of Alpha Alpha Gamma.


Christie Jayaratnam Eliezer, Sri Lankan-Australian mathematician and academic (died 2001)

Christie Jayaratnam Eliezer was a Ceylon Tamil mathematician, physicist and academic.


12/06/1916

Irwin Allen, American director and producer (died 1991)

Irwin Allen was an American film and television producer and director, known for his work in science fiction, then later as the "Master of Disaster" for his work in the disaster film genre. His most successful productions were The Poseidon Adventure (1972) and The Towering Inferno (1974). He also created and produced the popular 1960s science-fiction television series Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea, Lost in Space, The Time Tunnel, and Land of the Giants.


Raúl Héctor Castro, Mexican-American politician and diplomat, 14th Governor of Arizona (died 2015)

Raúl Héctor Castro was a Mexican American politician, diplomat and judge. In 1964, Castro was selected to be U.S. ambassador to El Salvador, a position he held until 1968 when he was appointed U.S. ambassador to Bolivia. In 1974, Castro was elected to serve as the 14th governor of Arizona, and resigned two years into his term to become U.S. ambassador to Argentina. Prior to his entry into public service, Castro was a lawyer and a judge for Pima County, Arizona. He was a member of the Democratic Party.


12/06/1915

Priscilla Lane, American actress (died 1995)

Priscilla Lane was an American actress, and the youngest sibling in the Lane Sisters' family of singers and actresses. She is best remembered for her roles in the films The Roaring Twenties (1939) co-starring with James Cagney and Humphrey Bogart; Saboteur (1942), an Alfred Hitchcock film in which she plays the heroine; and Arsenic and Old Lace (1944), in which she portrays Cary Grant's fiancée and bride.


Christopher Mayhew, English soldier and politician (died 1997)

Christopher Paget Mayhew, Baron Mayhew was a British politician who was a Labour Member of Parliament (MP) from 1945 to 1950 and from 1951 to 1974, when he left the Labour Party to join the Liberals. In 1981 Mayhew received a life peerage and was raised to the House of Lords as Baron Mayhew. He is most known for his central role in founding the Information Research Department (IRD), a secret wing of the Foreign Office dedicated to Cold War propaganda, and for asking a question in parliament that led to the end of the rum ration in the Royal Navy.


David Rockefeller, American banker and businessman (died 2017)

David Rockefeller was an American economist and investment banker who served as chairman and chief executive of Chase Manhattan Corporation. He was the oldest living member of the Rockefeller family from 2004 until his death in 2017. Rockefeller was the fifth son and youngest child of John D. Rockefeller Jr. and Abby Aldrich Rockefeller, and a grandson of John D. Rockefeller and Laura Spelman Rockefeller.


12/06/1914

William Lundigan, American actor (died 1975)

William Paul Lundigan was an American film actor. His more than 125 films include Dodge City (1939), The Fighting 69th (1940), The Sea Hawk (1940), Santa Fe Trail (1940), Dishonored Lady (1947), Pinky (1949), Love Nest (1951) with Marilyn Monroe, The House on Telegraph Hill (1951), I'd Climb the Highest Mountain (1951) and Inferno (1953).


Go Seigen, Chinese-Japanese Go player (died 2014)

Wu Chuan, courtesy name Wu Ching-yuan, better known by the Japanese pronunciation of his courtesy name, Go Seigen , was a Chinese-Japanese master of the game of Go. He is considered by many players to have been the greatest Go player in the 20th century.


12/06/1913

Jean Victor Allard, Canadian general (died 1996)

General Jean Victor Allard was the first French Canadian to become Chief of the Defence Staff, the highest position in the Canadian Forces, from 1966 to 1969. He was also the first to hold the accompanying rank of general.


Desmond Piers, Canadian admiral (died 2005)

Rear Admiral Desmond William Piers, was a rear-admiral in the Royal Canadian Navy. Born in Halifax and long-time resident of Chester, Nova Scotia, Piers served in the RCN from 1932 to 1967. In 1930, he was the first graduate of the Royal Military College of Canada to join the RCN. He became agent general of Nova Scotia in the United Kingdom in 1977.


12/06/1912

Bill Cowley, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (died 1993)

William Mailes "Cowboy" Cowley was a Canadian professional ice hockey center who played 13 seasons in the National Hockey League for the St. Louis Eagles and Boston Bruins. Described as the Wayne Gretzky of his era, Cowley twice won the Hart Memorial Trophy as the NHL's MVP, and is widely regarded as one of the best playmakers in hockey history.


Carl Hovland, American psychologist and academic (died 1961)

Carl Iver Hovland was a psychologist working primarily at Yale University and for the US Army during World War II who studied attitude change and persuasion. He first reported the sleeper effect after studying the effects of the Frank Capra propaganda film Why We Fight on soldiers in the Army. In later studies on this subject, Hovland collaborated with Irving Janis who would later become famous for his theory of groupthink. Hovland also developed social judgment theory of attitude change. Carl Hovland thought that the ability of someone to resist persuasion by a certain group depended on your degree of belonging to the group.


12/06/1908

Marina Semyonova, Russian ballerina and educator (died 2010)

Marina Timofeyevna Semyonova was the first Soviet-trained prima ballerina. She was named a People's Artist of the USSR in 1975, and a Hero of Socialist Labour in 1988.


Otto Skorzeny, German SS officer (died 1975)

Otto Johann Anton Skorzeny was an Austrian-born German SS-Obersturmbannführer in the Waffen-SS during World War II. During the war, he was involved in a number of operations, including the removal from power of Hungarian Regent Miklós Horthy and the Gran Sasso raid that rescued Benito Mussolini from captivity. Skorzeny led Operation Greif in which German soldiers infiltrated Allied lines wearing their enemies' uniforms. As a result, he was charged in 1947 at the Dachau Military Tribunal with breaching the 1907 Hague Convention, but was acquitted.


12/06/1906

Sandro Penna, Italian poet (died 1977)

Sandro Penna was an Italian poet.


12/06/1905

Ray Barbuti, American sprinter and football player (died 1988)

Raymond James Barbuti was an American football player and sprint runner who won two gold medals at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Barbuti traveled to Amsterdam to initially only compete for the 400 meter sprint however the US medal position was meek and then US Olympic committee president, Major General Douglas MacArthur insisted after Barbuti won the 400 meter gold that he run in the 4 × 400 meter relay the next day. Barbuti was interrupted by MacArthur during his celebratory evening to start preparing to run the anchor for the event the next day. Barbuti initially, vehemently refused, claiming he would not displace a fellow US runner in search for further medals. However MacArthur was relentless and finally prevailed and history commenced with the team winning the gold.


12/06/1902

Hendrik Elias, Belgian lawyer and politician, Mayor of Ghent (died 1973)

Hendrik Jozef Elias was a Belgian politician and Flemish nationalist, notable as the leader of the Vlaams Nationaal Verbond between 1942 and 1944.


12/06/1899

Fritz Albert Lipmann, German-American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1986)

Fritz Albert Lipmann was a German-American biochemist and a co-discoverer in 1945 of coenzyme A. For this, together with other research on coenzyme A, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1953.


Weegee, Ukrainian-American photographer and journalist (died 1968)

Ascher Fellig, known by his pseudonym Weegee, was a photographer and photojournalist, known for his stark black and white street photography in New York City.


12/06/1897

Anthony Eden, English soldier and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1977)

Robert Anthony Eden, 1st Earl of Avon, was a British politician and military officer who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and Leader of the Conservative Party from 1955 until his resignation in 1957.


12/06/1895

Eugénie Brazier, French chef (died 1977)

Eugénie Brazier, known as "la Mère Brazier", was a French chef who, in 1933, became the first person awarded six Michelin stars, three each at two restaurants: La Mère Brazier in the rue Royale, one of the main streets of Lyon, and a second, also called La Mère Brazier, outside the city. This achievement was unmatched until Alain Ducasse was awarded six stars with the publication of the 1998 Michelin Guide.


12/06/1892

Djuna Barnes, American novelist, journalist, and playwright (died 1982)

Djuna Barnes was an American artist, illustrator, journalist, and writer who is perhaps best known for her novel Nightwood (1936), a cult classic of lesbian fiction and an important work of modernist literature.


12/06/1890

Egon Schiele, Austrian soldier and painter (died 1918)

Egon Leo Adolf Ludwig Schiele was an Austrian Expressionist painter. His work is noted for its intensity and its raw sexuality, and for the many self-portraits the artist produced, including nude self-portraits. The twisted body shapes and the expressive line that characterise Schiele's paintings and drawings mark the artist as an early exponent of Expressionism. Gustav Klimt, a figurative painter of the early 20th century, was a mentor to Schiele.


12/06/1888

Zygmunt Janiszewski, Polish mathematician and academic (died 1920)

Zygmunt Janiszewski was a Polish mathematician.


12/06/1883

Fernand Gonder, French pole vaulter (died 1969)

Fernand Gonder was a French pole vaulter who won the gold medal at the 1906 Intercalated Games.


Robert Lowie, Austrian-American anthropologist and academic (died 1957)

Robert Harry Lowie was an Austrian-American anthropologist. An expert on Indigenous peoples of the Americas, he was instrumental in the development of modern anthropology and has been described as "one of the key figures in the history of anthropology".


12/06/1877

Thomas C. Hart, American admiral and politician (died 1971)

Thomas Charles Hart was a four-star admiral in the United States Navy, whose service extended from the Spanish–American War through World War II. Following his retirement from the Navy, he served briefly as a United States Senator from Connecticut, becoming the highest-ranking military official ever to serve in Congress.


12/06/1873

Jacques Pellegrin, French zoologist (died 1944)

Jacques Pellegrin was a French zoologist.


12/06/1864

Frank Chapman, American ornithologist, photographer, and author (died 1945)

Frank Michler Chapman was an American ornithologist and pioneering writer of field guides.


12/06/1861

William Attewell, English cricketer and umpire (died 1927)

William Attewell was a cricketer who played for Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club and England. Attewell was a medium pace bowler who was renowned for his extraordinary accuracy and economy. On the many sticky or crumbling pitches encountered in his prime Attewell could get on a great deal of spin so as to always beat the bat, whilst his accuracy would make slogging – the only way to make runs under such conditions – very difficult. He was responsible for the development of "off theory" – bowling wide of the off stump to a packed off-side field to frustrate batsmen on the rapidly improving pitches of the 1890s. At times Attewell was a useful batsman for his county, and he scored 102 against Kent in 1897.


12/06/1858

Harry Johnston, English botanist and explorer (died 1927)

Sir Harry Hamilton Johnston was a British explorer, botanist, artist, colonial administrator, and linguist who travelled widely across Africa to speak some of the languages spoken by people on that continent. He published 40 books on subjects related to the continent of Africa and was one of the key players in the Scramble for Africa that occurred at the end of the 19th century.


Henry Scott Tuke, English painter and photographer (died 1929)

Henry Scott Tuke was an English artist. His most notable work was in the Impressionist style and he is best known for his paintings of nude boys and young men.


12/06/1857

Maurice Perrault, Canadian architect, engineer, and politician, 15th Mayor of Longueuil (died 1909)

Maurice Perrault was a Canadian architect, civil engineer, and politician.


12/06/1851

Oliver Lodge, English physicist and academic (died 1940)

Sir Oliver Joseph Lodge was an English physicist and electrical engineer whose investigations into electromagnetic radiation (EMR) contributed to the development of radio. He identified EMR independent of Heinrich Hertz's proof. In his 1894 Royal Institution lecture, The Work of Hertz and Some of His Successors, Lodge's demonstrations on methods to transmit and detect radio waves included an improved early radio receiver he named the coherer. His work led to him holding key patents in early radio communication, his "syntonic" patents.


12/06/1843

David Gill, Scottish-English astronomer and author (died 1914)

Sir David Gill was a Scottish astronomer who spent most of his career as H.M. Astronomer at the Cape of Good Hope. He was born in Aberdeen, trained as a watch and clock-maker, and spent ten years in the family business, which he took over from his father. He became a noted amateur astronomer, and was invited by Lord Lindsay to manage his private observatory, which he accepted, selling the family busisness. He took part in astronomical expeditions to Mauritius and Ascension Island, before being appointed to the Cape in 1879. He was particularly noted for his observations with the heliometer, using this instrument for measurement of parallax in order to determine distances, both from the earth to the sun and from our solar system to other stars. At the Cape, he developed the observatory, making it a world-class institution. He was a pioneer of astrophotography, and used photographic methods to create a star atlas of the southern hemisphere, and also supported and took part in the world-wide Carte du Ciel star-mapping project. He was a meticulous observer, taking great trouble to identify and eliminate systematic sources of error. He was a proponent of international cooperation, supporting international projects and collaborating with many of the other leading astronomers of his day. He helped initiate a geodetic survey of Southern Africa which eventually connected with North cape to provide the longest meridian arc in the world, providing a basis for cartography, navigation and astronomical observations.


12/06/1841

Watson Fothergill, English architect, designed the Woodborough Road Baptist Church (died 1928)

Watson Fothergill was a British architect who designed over 100 unique buildings in Nottingham in the East Midlands of England. His influences were mainly from the Gothic Revival and Old English vernacular architecture styles.


12/06/1831

Robert Herbert, English-Australian politician, 1st Premier of Queensland (died 1905)

Sir Robert George Wyndham Herbert,, was the first Premier of Queensland, Australia. At 28 years and 181 days of age, he was the youngest person ever to become premier of an Australian state.


12/06/1827

Johanna Spyri, Swiss author, best known for Heidi (died 1901)

Johanna Spyri was a Swiss author of novels, notably children's stories. She wrote the popular book Heidi. Born in Hirzel, a rural area in the canton of Zürich, as a child she spent several summers near Chur in Graubünden, the setting she later would use in her novels.


12/06/1819

Charles Kingsley, English priest, historian, and author (died 1875)

Charles Kingsley was an English clergyman, social reformer, historian, novelist and poet. A broad church priest of the Church of England, he is particularly associated with Christian socialism, Anti-Catholicism, the working men's college, and forming labour cooperatives, which failed, but encouraged later working reforms. He is known for his novels Yeast (1848), Alton Locke (1850), Hypatia (1853), Westward Ho! (1855), The Water-Babies (1863), and Hereward the Wake (1866).


12/06/1812

Edmond Hébert, French geologist and academic (died 1890)

Edmond Hébert, French geologist, was born at Villefargau, Yonne.


12/06/1807

Ante Kuzmanić, Croatian physician and journalist (died 1879)

Ante Kuzmanić was a Croatian physician and journalist.


12/06/1806

John A. Roebling, German-American engineer, designed the Brooklyn Bridge (died 1869)

John Augustus Roebling was a German-born American civil engineer. He designed and built wire rope suspension bridges, in particular the Brooklyn Bridge, which has been designated as a National Historic Landmark and a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark.


12/06/1802

Harriet Martineau, English sociologist and author (died 1876)

Harriet Martineau was an English social theorist. She wrote from a sociological, holistic, religious and feminine angle, translated works by Auguste Comte, and, rare for a woman writer at the time, earned enough to support herself.


12/06/1800

Samuel Wright Mardis, American politician (died 1836)

Samuel Wright Mardis was an American politician and a member of the United States House of Representatives from Alabama. He was born on June 12, 1800, in Fayetteville, Tennessee. He received academic training, attended an "old field school", and studied law. He was admitted to the bar, and he commenced practice in Montevallo, Alabama in 1823. From 1823 to 1825, in 1828, and in 1830, he was a member of the Alabama House of Representatives.


12/06/1798

Samuel Cooper, American general (died 1876)

Samuel Cooper was an American military officer, who served in the Second Seminole War and the Mexican–American War in the United States Army. Although little-known today, Cooper was technically the highest-ranking general officer in the Confederate States Army throughout the American Civil War, even outranking Robert E. Lee. After the conflict, Cooper remained in Virginia as a farmer.


12/06/1777

Robert Clark, American physician and politician (died 1837)

Robert Clark was a medical doctor and politician. He served in the New York State Assembly and one term as United States Representative from New York. With his family, he moved to Monroe, Michigan in 1823, joining the migration west. He did not run again for office.


12/06/1775

Karl Freiherr von Müffling, Prussian field marshal (died 1851)

Friedrich Karl Ferdinand Freiherr von Müffling, nicknamed Weiss, was a Prussian Generalfeldmarschall and military theorist. He served as Blücher's liaison officer in Wellington's headquarters during the Battle of Waterloo and was one of the organizers of the final victory over Napoleon. After the wars he served a diplomatic role at the Congress of Aix-la-Chappelle and was a major contributor to the development of the Prussian General Staff as Chief. Müffling also specialized in military topography and cartography.


12/06/1771

Patrick Gass, American sergeant (Lewis and Clark Expedition) and author (died 1870)

Patrick Gass served as sergeant in the Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804–1806). He was important to the expedition because of his service as a carpenter, and he published the first journal of the expedition in 1807, seven years before the first publication based on Lewis and Clark's journals.


12/06/1760

Jean-Baptiste Louvet de Couvrai, French author, playwright, journalist, and politician (died 1797)

Jean-Baptiste Louvet de Couvray was a French novelist, playwright and journalist.


12/06/1711

Louis Legrand, French priest and theologian (died 1780)

Louis Legrand, S.S. was a French Sulpician priest and theologian, and a Doctor of the Sorbonne.


12/06/1686

Marie-Catherine Homassel Hecquet, French writer (died 1764)

Marie-Angélique Memmie Le Blanc was a feral child of 18th century France who was known as The Wild Girl of Champagne, The Maid of Châlons, or The Wild Child of Songy.


12/06/1653

Maria Amalia of Courland, Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel (died 1711)

Princess Maria Amalia of Courland was a Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel by her marriage to Charles I, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel. She was a daughter of Jacob Kettler, Duke of Courland and Semigallia and Margravine Louise Charlotte of Brandenburg. Her eldest son was King Frederick I of Sweden. One of her daughters was the most recent common ancestor of all the currently reigning monarchs of Europe from 1939 to 1941 and 1943 to 2022.


12/06/1580

Adriaen van Stalbemt, Flemish painter (died 1662)

Adriaen or Adriaan van Stalbemt or Adriaen van Stalbempt was a Flemish painter and printmaker who is known for his landscapes with religious, mythological and allegorical scenes. He was also a gifted figure painter who was regularly invited to paint the staffage in compositions of fellow painters.


12/06/1577

Paul Guldin, Swiss astronomer and mathematician (died 1643)

Paul Guldin was a Swiss Jesuit mathematician and astronomer. He discovered the Guldinus theorem to determine the surface and the volume of a solid of revolution. Guldin was noted for his association with the German mathematician and astronomer Johannes Kepler. Guldin composed a critique of Cavalieri's method of Indivisibles.


12/06/1573

Robert Radclyffe, 5th Earl of Sussex, soldier (died 1629)

Robert Radclyffe, 5th Earl of Sussex, was an English peer, ambassador and military officer.


12/06/1564

John Casimir, Duke of Saxe-Coburg (died 1633)

John Casimir of Saxe-Coburg was the Duke of Saxe-Coburg. He was a descendant of the Ernestine branch of the House of Wettin. Under his rule, the town of Coburg prospered and many Renaissance buildings were erected that still remain today.


12/06/1561

Anna of Württemberg, German princess (died 1616)

Anna of Württemberg was a German princess, member of the House of Württemberg, and by her two marriages duchess of Oława-Wołów and Legnica.


12/06/1519

Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (died 1574)

Cosimo I de' Medici was the second and last duke of Florence from 1537 until 1569, when he became the first grand duke of Tuscany, a title he held until his death. Cosimo I succeeded his cousin to the duchy. He built the Uffizi (office) to organize his administration, and conquered Siena to consolidate Florence's rule in Tuscany. He expanded the Pitti Palace and most of the Boboli Gardens were also laid out during his reign.


12/06/1161

Constance, Duchess of Brittany (died 1201)

Constance was Duchess of Brittany from 1166 to her death in 1201 and Countess of Richmond from 1171 to 1201. Constance was the daughter of Duke Conan IV by his wife, Margaret of Huntingdon, a sister of the Scottish kings Malcolm IV and William I. Her first husband was Geoffrey, fourth son of King Henry II of England.


12/06/1107

Gao Zong, Chinese emperor (died 1187)

Emperor Gaozong of Song, personal name Zhao Gou, courtesy name Deji, was the tenth emperor of the Chinese Song dynasty and the first of the Southern Song dynasty, ruling between 1127 and 1162 and retaining power as retired emperor from 1162 until his death in 1187. The ninth son of Emperor Huizong and a younger half-brother of Emperor Qinzong, Zhao Gou was not present in the capital of Bianjing when it fell to the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty in 1127 during the beginning of the Jin-Song Wars. Narrowly avoiding capture by Jin forces, he escaped first to Yangzhou and then Lin'an, assuming the throne and re-establishing the Song court. Despite initial setbacks, including Jin invasions and a brief deposition in 1129, Emperor Gaozong consolidated his political position and presided over the continued military conflict with Jin. Prior to 1141, military commanders including Han Shizhong and Yue Fei reconquered portions of the Central Plains while chancellors like Lü Yihao, Zhao Ding, Zhang Jun, and Qin Hui managed the civil bureaucracy.


12/06/0950

Reizei, Japanese emperor (died 1011)

Emperor Reizei was the 63rd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.


Lives Remembered on 12th June

On 12th June, 99 remarkable people passed away — from 796 to 2024. Remember the lives and legacies of those we lost on this day.

12/06/2024

William H. Donaldson, American businessman (born 1931)

William Henry Donaldson was an American businessman who was the 27th Chairman of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), serving from February 2003 to June 2005. He served as Under Secretary of State for International Security Affairs in the Nixon Administration, as a special adviser to Vice President Nelson Rockefeller, chairman and CEO of the New York Stock Exchange, and chairman, President and CEO of Aetna. Donaldson founded Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette.


Neil Goldschmidt, American lawyer and politician, 33rd Governor of Oregon (born 1940)

Neil Edward Goldschmidt was an American businessman and Democratic politician from the state of Oregon who held local, state, and federal offices over three decades, including mayor of Portland, Oregon, the United States Secretary of Transportation under President Jimmy Carter and the 33rd governor of Oregon. At one time, Goldschmidt was considered the most powerful and influential figure in Oregon's politics; in 2004, Goldschmidt's career and legacy were irreparably damaged by revelations of the ongoing sexual abuse of a young teenage girl which began in 1973, during his first term as mayor of Portland.


Jerry West, American basketball player and executive (born 1938)

Jerry Alan West was an American basketball player and executive. He played professionally for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA), and is widely regarded as one of the greatest players of all time. His nicknames included "the Logo", in reference to his silhouette being the basis for the NBA logo; "Mr. Clutch", for his ability to make a big play in a key situation such as his famous buzzer-beating 60-foot shot that tied game 3 of the 1970 NBA Finals against the New York Knicks; "Mr. Outside", in reference to his perimeter play with the Lakers and "Zeke from Cabin Creek" for the creek near his birthplace of Chelyan, West Virginia.


12/06/2023

Silvio Berlusconi, Italian businessman and politician, Prime Minister of Italy (born 1936)

Silvio Berlusconi was an Italian media tycoon and politician who served as the prime minister of Italy in three governments from 1994 to 1995, 2001 to 2006 and 2008 to 2011. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1994 to 2013; a member of the Senate of the Republic from 2022 until his death in 2023, and previously from March to November 2013; and a member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 2019 to 2022, and previously from 1999 to 2001. At the time of his death in 2023, he had a net worth of US$6.8 billion according to Forbes, making him the 352nd-richest man in the world and the third-wealthiest person in Italy.


Francesco Nuti, Italian actor and director, (born 1955)

Francesco Nuti was an Italian actor, film director and screenwriter.


John Romita Sr., comic book artist and author (born 1930)

John Victor Romita was an American comic book artist best known for his work on Marvel Comics' The Amazing Spider-Man and for co-creating characters including Mary Jane Watson, the Punisher, Kingpin, Wolverine, and Luke Cage. Romita was the father of John Romita Jr., also a comic book artist, and the husband of Virginia Romita, who was for many years Marvel's traffic manager.


Treat Williams, American actor (born 1951)

Richard Treat Williams Jr. was an American actor, whose career on stage and in film and television spanned five decades. He received many accolades for his work, including nominations for three Golden Globe Awards, two Primetime Emmy Awards, two Screen Actors Guild Awards, a Satellite Award, and an Independent Spirit Award.


12/06/2022

Philip Baker Hall, American actor (born 1931)

Philip Baker Hall was an American character actor. He is known for his collaborations with Paul Thomas Anderson, including Hard Eight (1996), Boogie Nights (1997), and Magnolia (1999). He also starred in leading roles in films, such as Secret Honor (1984) and Duck (2005). Hall had supporting roles in many films, including Midnight Run (1988), Say Anything... (1989), The Truman Show (1998), The Talented Mr. Ripley (1999), The Insider (1999), The Contender (2000), Bruce Almighty (2003), Dogville (2003), Zodiac (2007), 50/50 (2011), and Argo (2012). He received an Independent Spirit Award nomination for Best Male Lead for his role in Hard Eight and two Screen Actors Guild Award nominations for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble Cast in a Motion Picture for Boogie Nights and Magnolia.


Phil Bennett, Welsh rugby union player (born 1948)

Philip Bennett was a Welsh rugby union player who played as a fly-half for Llanelli RFC and the Wales national team. He began his career in 1966, and a year later he had taken over from Barry John as Llanelli's first-choice fly-half. He made 414 appearances for the Scarlets over the course of a 15-year career he scored 131 tries, 43 drop goals, 293 pens and 523 conversions. He made his Wales debut in 1969, but it was not until John's retirement from rugby in 1972 that Bennett became a regular starter for his country. He led Wales to the Five Nations Championship title, including the Grand Slam in 1978, which culminated with his retirement from Wales duty.


12/06/2019

Sylvia Miles, American actress (born 1924)

Sylvia Miles was an American actress. She was twice nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performances in Midnight Cowboy (1969) and Farewell, My Lovely (1975).


12/06/2018

Jon Hiseman, English drummer (born 1944)

Philip John Albert "Jon" Hiseman was an English drummer, recording engineer, record producer, and music publisher. He played with the Graham Bond Organisation, with John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers and later formed what has been described as the "seminal" jazz rock/progressive rock band, Colosseum. He later formed Colosseum II in 1975.


12/06/2015

Fernando Brant, Brazilian journalist, poet, and composer (born 1946)

Fernando Rocha Brant was a Brazilian poet, lyricist and journalist, born in Caldas, Minas Gerais.


12/06/2013

Teresita Barajuen, Spanish nun (born 1908)

Teresita Barajuen was a Spanish Roman Catholic nun and member of the Order of Cistercians. Barajuen is believed to hold the world record for the longest service in cloister.


Jason Leffler, American racing driver (born 1975)

Jason Charles Leffler nicknamed "LEFturn", was an American professional open-wheel and stock car racing driver. Leffler began racing in the open-wheel ranks, competing in the 2000 Indianapolis 500 before moving to primarily NASCAR competition. He died from injuries sustained in a 410 sprint car race at Bridgeport Speedway in Bridgeport, New Jersey.


12/06/2012

Hector Bianciotti, Argentinian-French journalist and author (born 1930)

Hector Bianciotti was an Argentine-born French author and member of the Académie Française.


Margarete Mitscherlich-Nielsen, Danish-German psychoanalyst and author (born 1917)

Margarete Mitscherlich-Nielsen or the "Grande Dame of German Psychoanalysis" as she was often referred to as, was a German psychoanalyst who focused mainly on the themes of feminism, female sexuality, and the national psychology of post-war Germany.


Medin Zhega, Albanian footballer and manager (born 1946)

Medin Zhega was an Albanian professional football manager and player, who played as a forward.


Elinor Ostrom, American political scientist and economist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1933)

Elinor Claire "Lin" Ostrom was an American political scientist and political economist whose work was associated with New Institutional Economics and the resurgence of political economy. In 2009, she was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for her "analysis of economic governance, especially the commons", which she shared with Oliver E. Williamson; she was the first woman to win the prize.


Pahiño, Spanish footballer (born 1923)

Manuel Fernández Fernández, known as Pahiño, was a Spanish footballer who played as a striker.


Frank Walker, Australian judge and politician, 41st Attorney General of New South Wales (born 1942)

Francis John Walker, QC was an Australian politician and judge. He was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly representing Georges River between 1970 and 1988 and subsequently a member of the Australian House of Representatives representing Robertson between 1990 and 1996, both for the Australian Labor Party. During his parliamentary careers, Walker held a range of ministerial responsibilities. He was the first New South Wales Minister for Aboriginal Affairs and was responsible for some of the first legislation that recognised the obligation to financially compensate indigenous Australians for the loss of their land. He has been given credit for achieving one of the first big breakthroughs in the protection of Australia's natural environment, the saving of the Terania Creek rainforest.


12/06/2011

René Audet, Canadian bishop (born 1920)

René Audet was a Canadian bishop of the Roman Catholic Church.


12/06/2010

Al Williamson, American illustrator (born 1931)

Alfonso Williamson was an American cartoonist, comic book artist and illustrator specializing in adventure, Western, science fiction and fantasy.


12/06/2008

Miroslav Dvořák, Czech ice hockey player (born 1951)

Miroslav Dvořák was a Czechoslovak ice hockey defenseman. He played three seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Philadelphia Flyers from 1982 to 1985. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1969 to 1989, was mainly spent with HC České Budějovice in the Czechoslovak First Ice Hockey League. Internationally Dvořák played for the Czechoslovak national team at several Ice Hockey World Championships, winning gold medals in 1976 and 1977, along with six silver medals, and a silver medal at the 1976 Winter Olympics.


Derek Tapscott, Welsh footballer and manager (born 1932)

Derek Robert Tapscott was a Welsh professional footballer who played as a forward. Tapscott played for Barry Town, Arsenal, Cardiff City, Newport County, Cinderford Town, Haverfordwest County and Carmarthen Town. He also featured for the Welsh national team. Tapscott is Cardiff City's sixth highest goalscorer of all time.


12/06/2006

Nicky Barr, Australian rugby player and fighter pilot (born 1915)

Andrew William "Nicky" Barr, was a member of the Australian national rugby union team, who became a fighter ace in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) during World War II. He was credited with 12 aerial victories, all scored flying the Curtiss P-40 fighter. Born in New Zealand, Barr was raised in Victoria and first represented the state in rugby in 1936. Selected to play for Australia in the United Kingdom in 1939, he had just arrived in England when the tour was cancelled following the outbreak of war. He joined the RAAF in 1940 and was posted to North Africa with No. 3 Squadron in September 1941. The squadron's highest-scoring ace, he attained his first three victories in the P-40 Tomahawk and the remainder in the P-40 Kittyhawk.


György Ligeti, Romanian-Hungarian composer and educator (born 1923)

György Sándor Ligeti was a Hungarian composer of contemporary classical music. He has been described as "one of the most important avant-garde composers in the latter half of the twentieth century" and "one of the most innovative and influential among progressive figures of his time".


Kenneth Thomson, 2nd Baron Thomson of Fleet, Canadian businessman and art collector (born 1923)

Kenneth Roy Thomson, 2nd Baron Thomson of Fleet, known in Canada as Ken Thomson, was a Canadian/British businessman and art collector. At the time of his death, he was listed by Forbes as the richest person in Canada and the ninth richest person in the world, with a net worth of approximately US $19.6 billion.


12/06/2005

Scott Young, Canadian journalist and author (born 1918)

Scott Alexander Young was a Canadian journalist, sportswriter, and novelist. He was the father of musicians Neil Young and Astrid Young. Over his career, Young wrote 45 books, including novels and non-fiction for adult and youth audiences.


12/06/2003

Gregory Peck, American actor and political activist (born 1916)

Eldred Gregory Peck was an American actor and one of the most popular film stars from the 1940s to the 1970s. In 1999, the American Film Institute named Peck the 12th-greatest male star of Classic Hollywood Cinema.


12/06/2002

Bill Blass, American fashion designer, founded Bill Blass Limited (born 1922)

William Ralph Blass was an American fashion designer. He was the recipient of many fashion awards, including seven Coty Awards and the Fashion Institute of Technology's Lifetime Achievement Award (1999).


Zena Sutherland, American reviewer of children's literature (born 1915)

Zena Sutherland was an American reviewer of children's literature. She is best known for her editorship and contributions to the Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books and as the author of the library science textbook Children and Books.


12/06/2000

Purushottam Laxman Deshpande, Indian actor, director, and producer (born 1919)

Purushottam Laxman Deshpande was a Marathi writer and humorist from Maharashtra. He was also an accomplished film and stage actor, script writer, author, composer, musician, singer and orator. He was often referred to as "Maharashtra's beloved personality".


12/06/1999

Malekeh Malekzadeh Bayani, Iranian numismatist (born 1910)

Malekeh Malekzadeh Bayani was an Iranian archaeologist and numismatist, who was co-founder of the Bank Sepeh Coin Museum and was the Head of the Coins, Seals and Tablets Department of the National Museum of Iran. She was also a notable artist.


J. F. Powers, American novelist and short story writer (born 1917)

James Farl Powers was an American novelist and short story writer who often drew his inspiration from developments in the Catholic Church, and was known for his studies of Catholic priests in the Midwest. Although not a priest himself, he is known for having captured a "clerical idiom" in postwar North America. His first novel, Morte d'Urban, won the 1963 National Book Award for Fiction.


12/06/1998

Leo Buscaglia, American author and educator (born 1924)

Felice Leonardo Buscaglia, also known as "Dr. Love", was an American author, motivational speaker, and a professor in the Department of Special Education at the University of Southern California.


Theresa Merritt, American actress and singer (born 1922)

Theresa Merritt Hines, known professionally as Theresa Merritt, was an American actress. She is known for her role in That's My Mama (1974–1975) and for her film roles in The Wiz (1978) and Billy Madison (1995).


12/06/1997

Bulat Okudzhava, Russian singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1924)

Bulat Shalvovich Okudzhava was a Soviet and Russian poet, writer, musician, novelist, and singer-songwriter of Georgian-Armenian ancestry. He was one of the founders of the Soviet genre called "author song", or "guitar song", and the author of about 200 songs, set to his own poetry. His songs are a mixture of Russian poetic and folk song traditions and the French chansonnier style represented by such contemporaries of Okudzhava as Georges Brassens. Though his songs were never overtly political, the freshness and independence of Okudzhava's artistic voice presented a subtle challenge to Soviet cultural authorities, who were thus hesitant for many years to give him official recognition.


12/06/1995

Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli, Italian pianist (born 1920)

Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli was an Italian classical pianist. He is considered one of the greatest pianists of the twentieth century. According to The New York Times, he was perhaps the most reclusive, enigmatic and obsessive among the handful of the world's legendary pianists.


Pierre Russell, American basketball player (born 1949)

Pierre Russell was an American basketball player.


12/06/1994

Nicole Brown Simpson, ex-wife of O. J. Simpson (born 1959) and Ron Goldman, restaurant employee (born 1968)

Nicole Brown Simpson was a German and American woman best known for being the second wife of American professional football player, actor, and media personality O. J. Simpson. She was murdered outside her Los Angeles home, along with her friend Ron Goldman, in 1994.


Menachem Mendel Schneerson, Russian-American rabbi and author (born 1902)

Menachem Mendel Schneerson, known to adherents of the Chabad-Lubavitch movement as the Lubavitcher Rebbe or simply the Rebbe, was an Orthodox rabbi and the Rebbe of the Lubavitch Hasidic dynasty. He is considered one of the most influential Jewish leaders of the 20th century.


Philip Vera Cruz, Filipino-American labor leader and farmworker (born 1904)

Philip Villamin Vera Cruz was a Filipino American labor leader and farmworker. He helped found the Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee (AWOC), which later merged with the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA) to become the United Farm Workers (UFW) in 1966. In 1971, he was appointed as the organization’s second vice president, the highest-ranking Filipino American in the union. He wanted his work to cross both ethnic and generational lines. Thus, it included Filipino, Mexican, and Black workers, and he advocated for retirees he found were neglected in the broader movement for racial equality in America. Some of his major projects included chairing efforts to build the Paulo Agbayani Retirement Village, opened in 1974, which housed Filipino farmworkers who had aged out of the labor force and helping organize the Delano Grape Strike. In 1977, Vera Cruz resigned from the UFW. He had grown apart from the president, Cesar Chavez, due to disagreements over the Union's mission and actions.


12/06/1990

Terence O'Neill, Baron O'Neill of the Maine, English captain and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Northern Ireland (born 1914)

Terence Marne O'Neill, Baron O'Neill of the Maine, PC (NI), was the fourth Prime Minister of Northern Ireland and leader (1963–1969) of the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP). A moderate unionist who sought to reconcile sectarian divisions in Northern Ireland society and met with his counterpart in the Irish Republic, he was a member of the Parliament of Northern Ireland for the Bannside constituency from 1946 until his resignation in January 1970.


12/06/1989

Bruce Hamilton, Australian public servant (born 1911)

Leslie Bruce Hamilton was an Australian senior public servant and head of the Department of Social Services between 1966 and 1973.


12/06/1983

Norma Shearer, Canadian-American actress (born 1902)

Edith Norma Shearer was a Canadian-American actress who was active on film from 1919 through 1942. Shearer often played spunky, sexually liberated women. She appeared in adaptations of Noël Coward, Eugene O'Neill, and William Shakespeare, and was the first five-time Academy Award acting nominee, was nominated six times in all, and won one for Best Actress for The Divorcee (1930).


12/06/1982

Ian McKay, English sergeant, Victoria Cross recipient (born 1953)

Ian John McKay, VC was a British Army soldier and a posthumous recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.


Karl von Frisch, Austrian-German ethologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1886)

Karl Ritter von Frisch was a German-Austrian ethologist who received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1973, along with Nikolaas Tinbergen and Konrad Lorenz.


12/06/1980

Billy Butlin, South African-English businessman, founded the Butlins Company (born 1899)

Sir William Heygate Edmund Colborne Butlin was an entrepreneur known for British holiday camps. Although holiday camps such as Warner's existed in one form or another before Butlin opened his first in 1936, it was Butlin who turned holiday camps into a multimillion-pound industry and an important aspect of British culture.


Masayoshi Ōhira, Japanese politician, 68th Prime minister of Japan (born 1910)

Masayoshi Ōhira was a Japanese politician who served as prime minister of Japan from 1978 until his death in 1980.


Milburn Stone, American actor (born 1904)

Hugh Milburn Stone was an American actor, best known for his role as "Doc" in the Western series Gunsmoke.


12/06/1978

Guo Moruo, Chinese historian, author, and poet (born 1892)

Guo Moruo, courtesy name Dingtang, was a Chinese author, poet, historian, archaeologist, and government official. A prominent Chinese writer in the May Fourth Movement and later in the Mao era, he was persecuted during the Cultural Revolution. The persecution led him to denounce his colleagues and his past work and demand that all of it be burned, an act for which he was labeled "shameless". He regained prominence in the 1970s and is generally well-regarded in modern China.


Georg Siimenson, Estonian footballer (born 1912)

Georg Siimenson was an Estonian international footballer who scored 13 goals in 42 games for the Estonian national side.


12/06/1976

Gopinath Kaviraj, Indian philosopher and scholar (born 1887)

Gopinath Kaviraj was an Indian Sanskrit scholar, Indologist and philosopher. First appointed in 1914 a librarian, he was the Principal of Government Sanskrit College, Varanasi from 1923 to 1937. He was also the editor of the Sarasvati Bhavana Granthamala during that period.


12/06/1972

Edmund Wilson, American critic, essayist, and editor (born 1895)

Edmund Wilson Jr. was an American writer, literary critic, and journalist. He is widely regarded as one of the most important literary critics of the 20th century. Wilson began his career as a journalist, writing for publications such as Vanity Fair and The New Yorker. He helped to edit The New Republic, served as chief book critic for The New Yorker, and was a frequent contributor to The New York Review of Books.


Dinanath Gopal Tendulkar, Indian writer and documentary filmmaker (born 1909)

Dinanath Gopal Tendulkar (1909–1972) was an Indian writer and documentary film maker. He is most well known as the author of an eight-volume biography of Mahatma Gandhi, titled Mahatma: Life of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. He was also a close associate of Vithalbhai Jhaveri and collaborated for the documentary film, Mahatma: Life of Gandhi, 1869–1948. He died on Monday, June 12, 1972.


12/06/1969

Aleksandr Deyneka, Ukrainian-Russian painter and sculptor (born 1899)

Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Deyneka was a Soviet painter, graphic artist and sculptor, regarded as one of the most important Russian modernist figurative painters of the first half of the 20th century. His Collective Farmer on a Bicycle (1935) has been described as exemplifying the socialist realist style.


12/06/1968

Herbert Read, English poet and critic (born 1893)

Sir Herbert Edward Read, was an English art historian, poet, literary critic and philosopher, best known for numerous books on art, which included influential volumes on the role of art in education. Read was co-founder of the Institute of Contemporary Arts. As well as being a prominent English anarchist, he was one of the earliest English writers to take notice of existentialism. He was co-editor with Michael Fordham and Gerhard Adler of the British edition in English of The Collected Works of C. G. Jung.


12/06/1966

Hermann Scherchen, German viola player and conductor (born 1891)

Hermann Scherchen was a German conductor, who was principal conductor of the city orchestra of Winterthur from 1922 to 1950. He promoted contemporary music, beginning with Schoenberg's Pierrot Lunaire, followed by works by Richard Strauss, Anton Webern, Alban Berg, Edgard Varèse, later Iannis Xenakis, Luigi Nono and Leon Schidlowsky. He usually conducted without using a baton.


12/06/1963

Medgar Evers, American soldier and activist (born 1925)

Medgar Wiley Evers was an American civil rights activist who was the NAACP's first field secretary in Mississippi. A United States Army veteran who served in World War II, he was engaged in efforts to overturn racial segregation at the University of Mississippi, end the segregation of public facilities, and expand opportunities for African Americans, including the enforcement of voting rights prior to his assassination.


12/06/1962

John Ireland, English composer and educator (born 1879)

John Nicholson Ireland was an English composer and teacher of music. The majority of his output consists of piano miniatures and of songs with piano. His best-known works include the short instrumental or orchestral work "The Holy Boy", a setting of the poem "Sea-Fever" by John Masefield, a formerly much-played Piano Concerto, the hymn tune Love Unknown and the choral motet "Greater Love Hath No Man".


12/06/1957

Jimmy Dorsey, American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader (The Dorsey Brothers and The California Ramblers) (born 1904)

James Francis Dorsey was an American jazz clarinetist, saxophonist, composer and big band leader. He recorded and composed the jazz and pop standards "I'm Glad There Is You " and "It's the Dreamer in Me". His other major recordings were "Tailspin", "John Silver", "So Many Times", "Amapola", "Brazil ", "Pennies from Heaven" with Bing Crosby, Louis Armstrong, and Frances Langford, "Grand Central Getaway", and "So Rare". He played clarinet on the seminal jazz standards "Singin' the Blues" in 1927 and the original 1930 recording of "Georgia on My Mind", which were inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.


12/06/1952

Harry Lawson, Australian politician, 27th Premier of Victoria (born 1875)

Sir Harry Sutherland Wightman Lawson KCMG, was an Australian politician who served as Premier of Victoria from 1918 to 1924. He later entered federal politics, serving as a Senator for Victoria from 1929 to 1935, and was briefly a minister in the Lyons government. He was a member of the Nationalist Party until 1931, when it was subsumed into the United Australia Party.


12/06/1946

Médéric Martin, Canadian politician, mayor of Montreal (born 1869)

Médéric Martin was a Canadian politician and long-time Mayor of Montreal.


12/06/1944

Erich Marcks, German general (born 1891)

Erich Marcks was a German general in the Wehrmacht during World War II. He authored the first draft of the operational plan, Operation Draft East, for Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union, advocating what was later known as A–A line as the goal for the Wehrmacht to achieve, within nine to seventeen weeks. Marcks studied philosophy in Freiburg in 1909.


12/06/1937

Mikhail Tukhachevsky, Russian general (born 1893)

Mikhail Nikolayevich Tukhachevsky, nicknamed the Red Napoleon, was a Soviet general who was prominent between 1918 and 1937 as a military officer and theoretician. He was later executed during the Moscow trials of 1936–1938.


12/06/1932

Theo Heemskerk, Dutch lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (born 1852)

Theodorus Heemskerk was a Dutch politician of the Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP) who served as Chairman of the Council of Ministers from 12 February 1908 until 29 August 1913.


12/06/1917

Teresa Carreño, Venezuelan-American singer-songwriter, pianist, and conductor (born 1853)

María Teresa Gertrudis de Jesús Carreño García was a Venezuelan pianist, composer, soprano, and conductor. Over the course of her 54-year concert career, she became an internationally renowned virtuoso pianist and was often referred to as the "Valkyrie of the Piano". Carreño was an early adopter of the works of one of her students, American composer and pianist Edward MacDowell (1860–1908) and premiered several of his compositions across the globe. She also frequently performed the works of Norwegian composer and pianist Edvard Grieg (1843–1907). Carreño composed approximately 75 works for solo piano, voice and piano, choir and orchestra, and instrumental ensemble. Several composers dedicated their compositions to Carreño, including Amy Beach and Edward MacDowell.


12/06/1912

Frédéric Passy, French economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1822)

Frédéric Passy was a French economist and pacifist who was a founding member of several peace societies and the Inter-Parliamentary Union. He was also an author and politician, sitting in the Chamber of Deputies from 1881 until 1889. He was a joint winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1901 for his work in the European peace movement.


12/06/1904

Camille of Renesse-Breidbach (born 1836)

Camille Maximilien Frédéric, Count de Renesse-Breidbach was a Belgian nobleman, entrepreneur and author.


12/06/1900

Lucretia Peabody Hale, American journalist and author (born 1820)

Lucretia Peabody Hale was an American writer and editor, best known for her humorous The Peterkin Papers stories.


12/06/1841

Konstantinos Nikolopoulos, Greek composer, archaeologist, and philologist (born 1786)

Konstantinos Agathophron Nikolopoulos was a Greek composer, philologist and colleague of Adamantios Korais.


12/06/1818

Egwale Seyon, Ethiopian emperor

Egwale Seyon, throne name Newaya Sagad, was Emperor of Ethiopia from June 1801 to 12 June 1818, and a member of the Solomonic dynasty. He was the son of Hezqeyas.


12/06/1816

Pierre Augereau, French general (born 1757)

Charles-Pierre-François Augereau, duc de Castiglione was a French military commander and a Marshal of the Empire who served during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. After serving in the Revolutionary Wars, he earned rapid promotion while fighting against Spain and soon found himself as a division commander under Napoleon Bonaparte in Italy. He fought in all of Bonaparte's battles of 1796 with great distinction. During the Napoleonic Wars, Napoleon entrusted Augereau with important commands. He distinguished himself as a corps commander at Jena, although at Eylau he led a charge into a snowstorm that proved disastrous. His life ended under a cloud because of his poor timing in switching sides between Napoleon and Louis XVIII. Napoleon wrote of Augereau that he "has plenty of character, courage, firmness, activity; is inured to war; is well liked by the soldiery; is fortunate in his operations". Augereau is generally counted as one of the most capable generals of the Napoleonic Wars.


12/06/1778

Philip Livingston, American merchant and politician (born 1716)

Philip Livingston was an American Founding Father, merchant, politician, and slave trader from New York City. He represented New York at the October 1774 First Continental Congress, where he favored imposing economic sanctions upon Great Britain as a way of pressuring the British Parliament to repeal the Intolerable Acts. Livingston was also a delegate to the Second Continental Congress from 1775 to 1778, and signed the Declaration of Independence.


12/06/1772

Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne, French explorer (born 1724)

Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne was a French privateer, East India captain, and explorer. The expedition he led to find the hypothetical Terra Australis in 1771 made important geographic discoveries in the south Indian Ocean and anthropological discoveries in Tasmania and New Zealand. In New Zealand, they spent longer living on shore than any previous European expedition. Half way through the expedition's stay, Marion was killed during a military assault by Ngare Raumati: one of the oldest Māori tribes from the Whangārei region.


12/06/1758

Prince Augustus William of Prussia (born 1722)

Prince Augustus William of Prussia was the son of King Frederick William I of Prussia and a younger brother and general of Frederick the Great.


12/06/1734

James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick, French-English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire (born 1670)

James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick, 1st Duke of Liria and Jérica, 1st Duke of Fitz-James was a French-English army officer who was the eldest illegitimate son of James II of England by Arabella Churchill, the sister of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough. Born and raised in France, Berwick was a senior Jacobite commander in his father's army during the Williamite War in Ireland. He subsequently became a successful general in the service of Louis XIV and in 1706 he was made a Marshal of France. Berwick was honored with noble titles from the kings of both France and Spain, in addition to his English ducal title which was attainted in 1695. He was decapitated by a cannonball during the Siege of Philippsburg in 1734.


12/06/1675

Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy (born 1634)

Charles Emmanuel II ; 20 June 1634 – 12 June 1675) was Duke of Savoy and ruler of the Savoyard states from 4 October 1638 until his death in 1675 and under regency of his mother Christine of France until 1648. He was also Marquis of Saluzzo, Count of Aosta, Geneva, Moriana and Nice, as well as claimant king of Cyprus, Jerusalem and Armenia. At his death in 1675, his second wife Marie Jeanne Baptiste of Savoy-Nemours acted as regent for their 9-year-old son.


12/06/1668

Charles Berkeley, 2nd Viscount Fitzhardinge, English politician (born 1599)

Charles Berkeley, 2nd Viscount Fitzhardinge was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1621 and 1668. He supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War. He succeeded by special remainder to the peerage of his son who predeceased him.


12/06/1647

Thomas Farnaby, English scholar and educator (born 1575)

Thomas Farnaby was an English schoolmaster and scholar. He operated a successful school in the Cripplegate ward of London and enjoyed great success with his annotations of classic Latin authors and textbooks on rhetoric and Latin grammar.


12/06/1574

Renée of France, Duchess of Ferrara (born 1510)

Renée of France, was Duchess of Ferrara from 31 October 1534 until 3 October 1559 by marriage to Ercole II d'Este, a grandson of Pope Alexander VI. She was the younger daughter of Louis XII of France and Anne, Duchess of Brittany. In later life, she became an important supporter of the Protestant Reformation and ally of John Calvin.


12/06/1567

Richard Rich, 1st Baron Rich, English politician, Lord Chancellor of England (born 1490)

Richard Rich, 1st Baron Rich, was an English lawyer, statesman, and nobleman who served as Lord Chancellor of England during the reign of King Edward VI from 1547 to 1551. He amassed considerable wealth and influence through his involvement in the Dissolution of the Monasteries, acquiring extensive lands and properties formerly owned by the Roman Catholic Church in England. He also played a prominent role in the prosecution of individuals perceived as threats to the crown’s authority, including the Catholic figures Thomas More and John Fisher, as well as the Protestant martyr Anne Askew. In 1564, he founded Felsted School in Essex along with its associated almshouses, leaving a lasting legacy in education and charitable institutions.


12/06/1565

Adrianus Turnebus, French philologist and scholar (born 1512)

Adrianus Turnebus was a French classical scholar.


12/06/1560

Ii Naomori, Japanese warrior (born 1506)

Ii Naomori was a retainer of the Japanese Imagawa clan during the Sengoku period of the 16th century. His childhood name was Toramatsu (虎松). Naomori's daughter was Ii Naotora who succeeded him as head of the Ii clan.


Imagawa Yoshimoto, Japanese daimyō (born 1519)

Imagawa Yoshimoto was a Japanese samurai and daimyō of the Sengoku period. Based in Suruga Province, he was known as The number one archer in the Tōkaidō ; he was one of the three daimyō that dominated the Tōkaidō region. He died in 1560 while marching to Kyoto. He was killed in the village of Dengakuhazama in Okehazama by Oda Nobunaga.


12/06/1524

Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar, Spanish conquistador (born 1465)

Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar was a Spanish conquistador and adelantado who was first governor of Cuba. In 1511 he led the successful conquest and colonization of Cuba. As the first governor of the island, he established several municipalities that remain important to this day and positioned Cuba as a center of trade and a staging point for expeditions of conquest elsewhere. From Cuba, he chartered important expeditions that led to the Spanish discovery and conquest of the Aztec Empire.


12/06/1478

Ludovico III Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua (born 1412)

Ludovico III Gonzaga of Mantua, known as the Turk, also spelled Lodovico was the ruler of the Italian city of Mantua from 1444 to his death in 1478.


12/06/1435

John FitzAlan, 14th Earl of Arundel, English commander (born 1408)

John Fitzalan, 7th Earl of Arundel, 4th Baron Maltravers KG was an English nobleman and military commander during the later phases of the Hundred Years' War. His father, John Fitzalan, 3rd Baron Maltravers, fought a long battle to lay claim to the Arundel earldom, a battle that was not finally resolved until after the father's death, when John Fitzalan the son was finally confirmed in the title in 1433.


12/06/1420

Adolf I, Count of Nassau-Siegen (born 1362)

Count Adolf I of Nassau-Siegen, German: Adolf I. Graf von Nassau-Siegen, was since 1384 Count of Diez, through his first marriage. With his brothers, he succeeded his father in 1416 as Count of Nassau-Siegen, and also inherited the County of Vianden in 1417. He descended from the Ottonian Line of the House of Nassau.


12/06/1418

Bernard VII, Count of Armagnac (born 1360)

Bernard VII, Count of Armagnac was Count of Armagnac and Constable of France. He was the son of John II, Count of Armagnac, and Jeanne de Périgord. He succeeded to Armagnac at the death of his brother, John III, in 1391. After prolonged fighting, he also became Count of Comminges in 1412.


12/06/1294

John I of Brienne, Count of Eu

John I of Brienne was the son of Alphonso of Brienne and Marie de Lusignan. His mother was the heiress of Eu, Seine-Maritime, and he succeeded his father as Count of Eu in 1260.


12/06/1266

Henry II, Prince of Anhalt-Aschersleben (born 1215)

Henry II, Prince of Anhalt-Aschersleben was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Aschersleben.


12/06/1152

Henry of Scotland, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon (born 1114)

Henry of Scotland was heir apparent to the Kingdom of Alba. He was also the 3rd Earl of Northumbria and the 3rd Earl of Huntingdon. He was the son of King David I of Scotland and his wife, Maud, 2nd Countess of Huntingdon.


12/06/1144

Al-Zamakhshari, Persian theologian (born 1075)

Abu al-Qasim Mahmud ibn Umar al-Zamakhshari was a medieval Muslim scholar of Iranian descent. He travelled to Mecca and settled there for five years and has been known since then as 'Jar Allah'. He was a Mu'tazilite theologian, linguist, poet and interpreter of the Quran. He is best known for his book Al-Kashshaf, which interprets and linguistically analyzes Quranic expressions and the use of figurative speech for conveying meaning. This work is a primary source for all major linguists.


12/06/1036

Tedald, Italian bishop (born 990)

Tedald, also known as Theodald, Theodaldus, Tedaldus, Tedaldo, Teodaldus, Teodaltus, or Teodaldo, was the forty-third Bishop of Arezzo from 1023 until his death.


12/06/1020

Lyfing, English archbishop (born 999)

Lyfing was an Anglo-Saxon Bishop of Wells and Archbishop of Canterbury. He was abbot of Chertsey Abbey before becoming bishop at Wells. His appointment to Canterbury came at a time of Danish invasions of England, and he was unable to act as archbishop for a time due to Danish activity. When Cnut, the Danish king, became king of England, Lyfing likely consecrated the new king. Lyfing was known as a wise man and gave gifts to his church and oversaw repairs to his cathedral before his death in 1020.


12/06/0918

Æthelflæd, Mercian daughter of Alfred the Great (born 870)

Æthelflæd ruled as Lady of the Mercians in the English Midlands from 911 until her death in 918. She was the eldest child of Alfred the Great, king of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Wessex, and his wife Ealhswith.


12/06/0816

Pope Leo III (born 750)

Pope Leo III was bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from 26 December 795 to his death on 12 June 816.


12/06/0796

Hisham I, Muslim emir (b. 757)

Hisham I Al-Reda ibn Abd ar-Rahman was the second Emir of Cordoba, ruling from 788 to 796 in al-Andalus.


Celebrations & Special Days Worldwide on 12th June

Chaco Armistice Day (Paraguay)

The Chaco War was fought from 1932 to 1935. It was between Bolivia and Paraguay over control of the northern part of the Gran Chaco region, which was thought to be rich in petroleum. The war is also referred to as La Guerra de la Sed, since it was fought in the semi-arid Chaco. It was the first that took place in South America in which modern weapons were used, and also the bloodiest South America war of the 20th century — around 2% of the Bolivian population and 3% of Paraguayans were killed during the conflict.


Christian feast day: 108 Martyrs of World War II

The 108 Martyrs of World War II, known also as the 108 Blessed Polish Martyrs, were Catholics from Poland killed during World War II by German Nazis. Their liturgical feast day is 12 June. The 108 were beatified on 13 June 1999 by Pope John Paul II in Warsaw. The group comprises 3 bishops, 79 priests, 7 male religious, 8 female religious, and 11 lay people. There are two parishes named for the martyrs, in Powiercie in Koło County, and in Malbork.


Christian feast day: Basilides

Basilides, Cyrinus, Nabor and Nazarius are saints of the Catholic Church, mentioned in the Martyrology of Bede and earlier editions of the Roman Martyrology for 12 June as four Roman martyrs who suffered death under Diocletian.


Christian feast day: Blessed Hildegard Burjan

Beatification is a recognition accorded by the Catholic Church of a deceased person's entrance into Heaven and capacity to intercede on behalf of individuals who pray in their name. Beati is the plural form, referring to those who have undergone the process of beatification; they possess the title of "Blessed" before their names and are often referred to in English as "a Blessed" or, plurally, "Blesseds".


Christian feast day: Enmegahbowh (Episcopal Church)

Enmegahbowh was the first Native American to be ordained a priest in the Episcopal Church in the United States of America.


Christian feast day: Eskil

Saint Eskil was an Anglo-Saxon monk particularly venerated during the end of the 11th century in the province of Södermanland, Sweden. He was the founder of the first diocese of the lands surrounding Lake Mälaren, today the Diocese of Strängnäs. He is the patron saint of Södermanland and the Diocese of Strängnäs.


Christian feast day: Blessed Florida Cevoli

Beatification is a recognition accorded by the Catholic Church of a deceased person's entrance into Heaven and capacity to intercede on behalf of individuals who pray in their name. Beati is the plural form, referring to those who have undergone the process of beatification; they possess the title of "Blessed" before their names and are often referred to in English as "a Blessed" or, plurally, "Blesseds".


Christian feast day: First Ecumenical Council (Lutheran)

The First Council of Nicaea was a council of Christian bishops convened in the Bithynian city of Nicaea by the Roman Emperor Constantine I, also known as the First Ecumenical Council. It met from May until the end of July 325.


Christian feast day: Gaspar Bertoni

Gaspare Luigi Bertoni, CSS was an Italian Catholic priest and the founder of the Congregation of the Sacred Stigmata, also known as the Stigmatines.


Christian feast day: Blessed Maria Candida of the Eucharist

Beatification is a recognition accorded by the Catholic Church of a deceased person's entrance into Heaven and capacity to intercede on behalf of individuals who pray in their name. Beati is the plural form, referring to those who have undergone the process of beatification; they possess the title of "Blessed" before their names and are often referred to in English as "a Blessed" or, plurally, "Blesseds".


Christian feast day: Blessed Mercedes de Jesús Molina

Beatification is a recognition accorded by the Catholic Church of a deceased person's entrance into Heaven and capacity to intercede on behalf of individuals who pray in their name. Beati is the plural form, referring to those who have undergone the process of beatification; they possess the title of "Blessed" before their names and are often referred to in English as "a Blessed" or, plurally, "Blesseds".


Christian feast day: Onuphrius

Onuphrius lived as a hermit in the desert of Upper Egypt in the 4th or 5th centuries. He is venerated as Saint Onuphrius in both the Roman Catholic and Eastern Catholic churches, as Venerable Onuphrius in Eastern Orthodoxy, and as Saint Nofer the Anchorite in Oriental Orthodoxy.


Christian feast day: Pope Leo III

Pope Leo III was bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from 26 December 795 to his death on 12 June 816.


Christian feast day: Ternan

Saint Ternan is venerated as the "Bishop of the Picts". Not much is known of his life. Different historians place him either at the mid-fifth century or the latter part of the sixth. Those who place him in the earlier period, associate him with Palladius.


Christian feast day: June 12 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

June 11 - Eastern Orthodox Church calendar - June 13


Dia dos Namorados (Brazil)

Dia dos Namorados is a special date celebrated on June 12 in Brazil, usually with gifts, romantic activities, decorations and festivities.


Helsinki Day (Finland)

Helsinki Day is an annual celebration in Finland, held on 12 June, to celebrate the city of Helsinki. The number of attendees in the events on the day exceeds one hundred thousand. On the day, the Helsinki Medal is awarded to noteworthy citizens by the city council.


Independence Day, celebrates the independence of the Philippines from Spain in 1898.

Independence Day of the Philippines is a national holiday in the Philippines observed annually on June 12, commemorating the declaration of Philippine independence from Spain in 1898. Since 1978, it has been the country's National Day.


June 12 Commemoration (Lagos State)

Nigeria has many public holidays declared by the government, as well as special days observed by the public.


Loving Day (United States)

Loving Day is an annual celebration held on June 12, the anniversary of the 1967 United States Supreme Court decision Loving v. Virginia that struck down all anti-miscegenation laws remaining in sixteen U.S. states. In the United States, anti-miscegenation laws were U.S. state laws banning mixed-race marriages. The Warren Court ruled unanimously in 1967 that these state laws were unconstitutional. Chief Justice Earl Warren wrote in the court majority opinion that "the freedom to marry, or not marry, a person of another race resides with the individual, and cannot be infringed by the State."


Russia Day (Russia)

Russia Day, called Day of Adoption of the Declaration of State Sovereignty of RSFSR before 2002, is the national holiday of Russia. It has been celebrated annually on 12 June since 1992; the day commemorates the adoption of the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) on 12 June 1990. The passage of this Declaration by the First Congress of People's Deputies marked the beginning of constitutional reform in the Russian Soviet state, culminating in outright independence in 1991.


Women Veterans Recognition Day (United States)

Women Veterans Day is observed on June 12 in the United States, a date chosen to mark the anniversary of the Women's Armed Services Integration Act. The date is not recognized nationally, but is recognized by a number of states, either through legislation or proclamation, and organizations. The stated goal of Women Veterans Day varies somewhat by state, but can generally be acknowledged as an effort to honor the work of women in the United States Armed Forces and recognize the unique challenges that they have faced. The date was first recognized when the New York State Assembly declared June 12, 2008, to be Women Veterans’ Recognition Day.


World Day Against Child Labour, and its related observances: Children's Day (Haiti)

Children's Day is a commemorative date celebrated annually in honour of children, whose date of observance varies by country. In 1925, International Children's Day was first proclaimed in Geneva during the World Conference on Child Welfare. Since 1950, it is celebrated on 1 June in many countries that were part of the Eastern Bloc and Non-Aligned Movement, which follow the suggestion from Women's International Democratic Federation. World Children's Day is celebrated on 20 November to commemorate the issuance of the Declaration of the Rights of the Child by the UN General Assembly on 20 November 1959, along with the adoption of the Convention on the Rights of the Child on that date in 1989. In some countries, it is Children's Week and not Children's Day.


What Happened on 12th June?

58 significant events took place on Monday, 12th June — stretching from 910 to 2025. Explore the moments that shaped history on this day.

12/06/2025

Air India Flight 171, a Boeing 787-8 Dreamliner, crashes shortly after takeoff into the B. J. Medical College, Ahmedabad, India, killing 241 out of 242 onboard as well as 19 on the ground. This marked the first fatal crash and hull loss of the Boeing 787 Dreamliner.

Air India Flight 171 was a scheduled international passenger flight from Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, to London Gatwick Airport in Crawley, West Sussex, England. On 12 June 2025, at 13:39 IST (08:09 UTC), the Boeing 787 Dreamliner operating the flight crashed 32 seconds after takeoff into the student hostels of the Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College, 1.7 kilometres from the runway. Of the 12 crew members and 230 passengers on board, only 1 passenger survived. On the ground, 19 people were killed, and 67 others were seriously injured.


12/06/2024

A fire in a residential building in Mangaf, Kuwait City kills at least 50 people.

On 12 June 2024, an early-morning fire broke out at a residential building in Mangaf in Kuwait's Ahmadi Governorate housing 196 male migrant workers of NBTC Group, killing 50 migrant workers, at least 46 of whom were from India, and injuring around 50 others. Most victims died of smoke inhalation, while others were fatally injured from falling. The building's owner was arrested in the wake of the fire.


12/06/2019

Kassym-Jomart Tokayev is inaugurated as the second president of Kazakhstan.

Kassym-Jomart Kemeluly Tokayev is a Kazakh politician and diplomat who has served as the second president of Kazakhstan since 2019. He previously served as Prime Minister from 1999 to 2002 and as Chairman of the Senate from 2007 to 2011 and again from 2013 to 2019. Tokayev also held the position of Director-General of the United Nations Office at Geneva from 2011 to 2013.


12/06/2018

United States President Donald Trump and Kim Jong-un of North Korea held the first meeting between leaders of their two countries in Singapore.

The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic consisting of 50 states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 contiguous states border Canada to the north and Mexico to the south, with the semi-exclave of Alaska in the northwest and the archipelago of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. The United States also asserts sovereignty over five major island territories and various uninhabited islands in Oceania and the Caribbean. It is a megadiverse country, with the world's third-largest land area and third-largest population, exceeding 341 million.


12/06/2016

Forty-nine civilians are killed and 58 others injured in an attack on a gay nightclub in Orlando, Florida, United States; the gunman, Omar Mateen, is killed in a gunfight with police.

On June 12, 2016, 29-year-old Omar Mateen shot and killed 49 people and wounded 58 in a mass shooting at Pulse, a gay nightclub in Orlando, Florida, United States. Pulse was hosting a "Latin Night", and most of the victims were of Latino descent.


12/06/2014

Between 1,095 and 1,700 Shia Iraqi people are killed in an attack by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant on Camp Speicher in Tikrit, Iraq. It is the second deadliest act of terrorism in history, only behind 9/11.

Shia Islam in Iraq has a history going back to the times of Ali ibn Abi Talib who moved the capital of the Rashidun Caliphate from Medina to Kufa, two decades after the death of Muhammad. Iraqi Shias constitute the chief component of Iraqi society and the term is used as a socio-political and religious identifier. Their historical stronghold has been Lower Mesopotamia, historically known as Babylonia.


12/06/2009

A disputed presidential election in Iran leads to wide-ranging local and international protests.

Presidential elections were held in Iran on 12 June 2009, with incumbent Mahmoud Ahmadinejad running against three challengers. The next morning the Islamic Republic News Agency, Iran's news agency, announced that with two-thirds of the votes counted, Ahmadinejad had won the election with 62% of the votes cast, and that Mir-Hossein Mousavi had received 34% of the votes cast. There were large irregularities in the results and people were surprised by them, which resulted in protests of millions of Iranians, across every Iranian city and around the world and the emergence of the opposition Iranian Green Movement.


12/06/1999

Kosovo War: Operation Joint Guardian begins when a NATO-led United Nations peacekeeping force, Kosovo Force (KFor), enters the province of Kosovo in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

The Kosovo War was an armed conflict in Kosovo that lasted from 28 February 1998 until 11 June 1999. It was fought between the forces of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY), which controlled Kosovo before the war, and the Kosovo Albanian separatist militia known as the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA). The conflict ended when the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) intervened by beginning air strikes in March 1999 which resulted in Yugoslav forces withdrawing from Kosovo.


12/06/1993

An election takes place in Nigeria and is won by Moshood Kashimawo Olawale Abiola. Its results are later annulled by the military government of Ibrahim Babangida.

Presidential elections were held in Nigeria on 12 June 1993. The elections were the first held since the 1983 military coup d'état which ended the Second Nigerian Republic. They were the culmination of a transition from military to civilian rule spearheaded by incumbent president Ibrahim Babangida. However, the results were annulled by the military government, citing electoral irregularities, when unofficial returns indicated a substantial victory for Moshood Abiola of the Social Democratic Party over his opponent, Bashir Tofa of the National Republican Convention.


12/06/1991

In modern Russia's first democratic election, Boris Yeltsin is elected as the President of Russia.

Presidential elections were held in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) on 12 June 1991. This was the first ever Russian presidential election. The election was held roughly three months after Russians voted in favor of establishing a presidency and holding direct elections in a referendum held in March that year. The result was a victory for Boris Yeltsin, who received 58.6% of the vote.


Kokkadichcholai massacre: The Sri Lankan Army massacres 152 minority Tamil civilians in the village of Kokkadichcholai near the Eastern Province town of Batticaloa.

On June 12, 1991, 152 minority Sri Lankan Tamil civilians were massacred by members of the Sri Lankan military in the village Kokkadichcholai near the eastern province town of Batticaloa. The Sri Lankan government instituted a presidential commission to investigate the massacre. The commission found the commanding officer negligent in controlling his troops and recommended that he be removed from office, and identified nineteen other members of the Sri Lankan military to be responsible for mass murder. In a military tribunal that followed in the presidential commission in the capital city of Colombo, all nineteen soldiers were acquitted.


12/06/1990

Russia Day: The parliament of the Russian Federation formally declares its sovereignty.

Russia Day, called Day of Adoption of the Declaration of State Sovereignty of RSFSR before 2002, is the national holiday of Russia. It has been celebrated annually on 12 June since 1992; the day commemorates the adoption of the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) on 12 June 1990. The passage of this Declaration by the First Congress of People's Deputies marked the beginning of constitutional reform in the Russian Soviet state, culminating in outright independence in 1991.


12/06/1988

Austral Líneas Aéreas Flight 046, a McDonnell Douglas MD-81, crashes short of the runway at Libertador General José de San Martín Airport, killing all 22 people on board.

Austral Líneas Aéreas Flight 046 was an Argentine scheduled domestic flight from Buenos Aires to Posadas, via Resistencia, that undershot the runway at Libertador General José de San Martín Airport in Posadas on June 12, 1988, in conditions of poor visibility. All 22 of the occupants of flight 046 were killed in the crash.


12/06/1987

The Central African Republic's former emperor Jean-Bédel Bokassa is sentenced to death for crimes he had committed during his 13-year rule.

The Central African Republic (CAR) is a landlocked country located in Central Africa. It is bordered by Chad to the north, Sudan to the northeast, South Sudan to the east, the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the south, the Republic of the Congo to the southwest, and Cameroon to the west. The Central African Republic covers a land area of about 620,000 square kilometres (240,000 sq mi). As of 2024, it has a population of 5,357,744, consisting of about 80 ethnic groups. Having been a French colony under the name Ubangi-Shari, French is its official language, with Sango, a Ngbandi-based creole language, as the national and co-official language. Its capital and largest city is Bangui, which is on the southern border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo.


Cold War: At the Brandenburg Gate, U.S. President Ronald Reagan publicly challenges Mikhail Gorbachev to tear down the Berlin Wall.

The Cold War was a period of international geopolitical rivalry between the United States (US) and the Soviet Union (USSR) and their respective allies, the capitalist Western Bloc and communist Eastern Bloc. It began in the aftermath of the Second World War and ended with the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. The term cold war is used because there was no direct fighting between the two superpowers, though each supported opposing sides in regional conflicts known as proxy wars. In addition to the struggle for ideological and economic influence and an arms race in both conventional and nuclear weapons, the Cold War was expressed through technological rivalries such as the Space Race, espionage, propaganda campaigns, embargoes, and sports diplomacy.


12/06/1982

A nuclear disarmament rally and concert is held in New York City.

New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States. It is located at the southern tip of New York State on New York Harbor, one of the world's largest natural harbors. The city comprises five boroughs—Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, The Bronx, and Staten Island; each is coextensive with its respective county. It is the geographical and demographic center of both the Northeast megalopolis and the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the United States by both population and urban area. New York is a global center of finance and commerce, culture, technology, entertainment and media, academics and scientific output, the arts and fashion, and, as home to the headquarters of the United Nations, international diplomacy. New York City is known for its fast pace and continuous urban energy.


12/06/1981

The first of the Indiana Jones film franchise, Raiders of the Lost Ark, is released in theaters.

Indiana Jones is an American media franchise consisting of five films and a prequel television series, along with games, comics, and tie-in novels. The franchise centers on the adventures of Dr. Henry Walton "Indiana" Jones, Jr., a fictional professor of archaeology. Jones is portrayed by Harrison Ford in all five of the films.


12/06/1979

Bryan Allen wins the second Kremer prize for a man-powered flight across the English Channel in the Gossamer Albatross.

Bryan Lewis Allen is an American self-taught hang glider pilot and cyclist. He achieved fame when he piloted the two aircraft that won the first two Kremer prizes for human-powered flight: the Gossamer Condor and Gossamer Albatross. He later set world distance and duration records in a small pedal-powered blimp named "White Dwarf."


12/06/1975

State of Uttar Pradesh v. Raj Narain: Judge Jagmohanlal Sinha rules against Indira Gandhi in a case on her election to the Indian Parliament, and that she should be banned from holding any public office, triggering a political crisis.

The State of Uttar Pradesh v. Raj Narain was an election case heard by the Allahabad High Court in 1975 that found the Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi guilty of electoral malpractices. The election petition was filed by Raj Narain, a candidate from the Rae Bareli constituency, who alleged misuse of public finances by a political party for the re-election of the Prime Minister of India. In a landmark verdict, Justice Jagmohanlal Sinha of the court held Indira Gandhi guilty under Section 123(7) of the Representation of the People Act, 1951, for obtaining assistance from gazetted officers in furtherance of her election prospects. The court declared Gandhi's election "null and void" and disqualified her from holding any elected office for six years from the date of the judgment. The decision led to an ensuing legal battle and political crisis leading to the imposition of a state of emergency by Gandhi in 1975.


12/06/1967

The United States Supreme Court in Loving v. Virginia declares all U.S. state laws that prohibit interracial marriage to be unconstitutional.

The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that turn on questions of U.S. constitutional or federal law. It also has original jurisdiction over a narrow range of cases, specifically "all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, and those in which a State shall be Party". In 1803, the court asserted itself the power of judicial review, the ability to invalidate a statute for violating a provision of the Constitution. It is also able to strike down presidential directives for violating either the Constitution or statutory law.


12/06/1964

Anti-apartheid activist and ANC leader Nelson Mandela is sentenced to life in prison for sabotage in South Africa.

Apartheid was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa and South West Africa from 1948 to the early 1990s. It was characterised by an authoritarian political culture based on baasskap, which ensured that South Africa was dominated politically, socially, and economically by the nation's minority white population. Under this minoritarian system, white citizens held the highest status, followed by Indians, Coloureds and black Africans, in that order. The economic legacy and social effects of apartheid continue to the present day, particularly inequality.


12/06/1963

NAACP field secretary Medgar Evers is murdered in front of his home in Jackson, Mississippi, by Ku Klux Klan member Byron De La Beckwith during the civil rights movement.

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is an American civil rights organization formed in 1909 as an interracial endeavor to advance justice for African Americans by a group including W. E. B. Du Bois, Mary White Ovington, Moorfield Storey, Ida B. Wells, Lillian Wald, Emil G. Hirsch and Henry Moskowitz. Over the years, leaders of the organization have included Thurgood Marshall and Roy Wilkins. The NAACP is the largest and oldest civil rights group in America.


The film Cleopatra, starring Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton, is released in US theaters. It was the most expensive film made at the time.

Cleopatra is a 1963 American epic historical drama film directed by Joseph L. Mankiewicz, who co-wrote the screenplay with Ranald MacDougall and Sidney Buchman, adapted from the 1957 book The Life and Times of Cleopatra by Carlo Maria Franzero, and from histories by Plutarch, Suetonius, and Appian. The film stars Elizabeth Taylor in the eponymous role, along with Richard Burton, Rex Harrison, Roddy McDowall and Martin Landau. It chronicles the struggles of the young queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt to resist the imperial ambitions of Rome.


12/06/1954

Pope Pius XII canonises Dominic Savio, who was 14 years old at the time of his death, as a saint, making him at the time the youngest unmartyred saint in the Roman Catholic Church. In 2017, Francisco and Jacinta Marto, aged ten and nine at the time of their deaths, are declared as saints.

Pope Pius XII was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of Vatican City from 2 March 1939 until his death on 9 October 1958.


12/06/1950

An Air France Douglas DC-4 crashes near Bahrain International Airport, killing 46 people.

Two Air France Douglas DC-4 aircraft crashed two days apart in June 1950 within a few miles of each other and under similar circumstances. These two accidents, on 12 and 14 June, occurred while the aircraft were operating the same route from Saigon to Paris. Both aircraft had stopped at Karachi Airport and crashed into the sea on approach to Bahrain. A total of 86 passengers and crew were killed: 46 on June 12 and 40 on June 14. There were a total of 19 survivors: 6 on June 12 and 13 on June 14.


12/06/1944

World War II: Battle of Carentan: American paratroopers of the 101st Airborne Division secure the town of Carentan, Normandy, France.

The Battle of Carentan was an engagement in World War II between airborne forces of the United States Army and the German Wehrmacht during the Battle of Normandy. The battle took place from 10 to 14 June 1944, on the approaches to and within the town of Carentan, France.


12/06/1943

The Holocaust: Germany liquidates the Jewish Ghetto in Brzeżany, Poland (now Berezhany, Ukraine). Around 1,180 Jews are led to the city's old Jewish graveyard and shot.

The Holocaust, known in Hebrew as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. From 1941 to 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered around six million Jews across German-occupied Europe, approximately two-thirds of Europe's Jewish population. The murders were committed primarily through mass shootings across Eastern Europe and poison gas chambers in extermination camps, chiefly Auschwitz-Birkenau, Treblinka, Belzec, Sobibor, Chełmno and Majdanek death camps in occupied Poland. Concurrent Nazi persecutions killed millions of other non-Jewish civilians and prisoners of war (POWs); the term Holocaust is sometimes used to include the murder and persecution of non-Jewish groups, such as the Romani and Soviet POWs.


12/06/1942

Anne Frank receives a diary for her thirteenth birthday.

Annelies Marie Frank was a German-born Jewish diarist and Holocaust victim. She gained worldwide notability posthumously for keeping a diary documenting her life in hiding during the German occupation of the Netherlands. In the diary, she regularly described her family's everyday life in their hiding place in an Amsterdam attic from 1942 until their arrest in 1944.


12/06/1940

World War II: Thirteen thousand British and French troops surrender to General Erwin Rommel at Saint-Valery-en-Caux.

World War II, or the Second World War, was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies and the Axis powers. Nearly all of the world's countries participated. Tanks and aircraft played major roles, the latter enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the only nuclear weapons used in war. World War II was the deadliest conflict in history, causing the death of 60 to 75 million people. Millions died as a result of massacres, starvation, disease, and genocides, including the Holocaust. After the Allied victory, Germany, Austria, Japan, and Korea were occupied, and German and Japanese leaders were tried for war crimes.


12/06/1939

Shooting begins on Paramount Pictures' Dr. Cyclops, the first horror film photographed in three-strip Technicolor.

Paramount Pictures Corporation, commonly known as Paramount Pictures or simply Paramount, is an American film production and distribution company and the flagship namesake subsidiary of Paramount Skydance. Founded on May 8, 1912, it is the sixth-oldest global film studio and the second-oldest in the United States behind Universal Pictures, and it is one of the Big Five studios located within the city limits of Los Angeles.


The Baseball Hall of Fame opens in Cooperstown, New York.

The National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum is a history museum and hall of fame in Cooperstown, New York, operated by a private foundation. It serves as the central collection and gathering space for the history of baseball in the United States displaying baseball-related artifacts and exhibits, honoring those who have excelled in playing, managing, and serving the sport. The Hall's motto is "Preserving History, Honoring Excellence, Connecting Generations". Cooperstown is often used as shorthand for the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum. The museum also established and manages the process for honorees into the Hall of Fame.


12/06/1935

A ceasefire is negotiated between Bolivia and Paraguay, ending the Chaco War.

Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in central South America. Its geography primarily consists of an Andean region to the west and tropical lowlands to the east and north. The country has a diverse environment, including the vast Amazonian plain, the Gran Chaco, temperate valleys, the high-altitude Altiplano plateau, snow-capped peaks, and mountains, encompassing a wide range of climates and biomes across its regions and cities. It includes part of the Pantanal, the largest tropical wetland in the world, along its eastern border. Bolivia is bordered by Brazil to the north and east, Paraguay to the southeast, Argentina to the south, Chile to the southwest, and Peru to the west. The seat of government is La Paz, which contains the executive, legislative, and electoral branches of government, while the constitutional capital is Sucre, the seat of the judiciary. While most population and urban centers lie in the Andean region, the largest city and principal industrial center is Santa Cruz de la Sierra, located in the eastern tropical lowlands.


12/06/1921

Mikhail Tukhachevsky orders the use of chemical weapons against the Tambov Rebellion, bringing an end to the peasant uprising.

Mikhail Nikolayevich Tukhachevsky, nicknamed the Red Napoleon, was a Soviet general who was prominent between 1918 and 1937 as a military officer and theoretician. He was later executed during the Moscow trials of 1936–1938.


12/06/1914

Massacre of Phocaea: Turkish irregulars slaughter 50 to 100 Greeks and expel thousands of others in an ethnic cleansing operation in the Ottoman Empire.

The massacre of Phocaea occurred in June 1914, as part of the ethnic cleansing policies of the Ottoman Empire that included exile, massacre and deportations. It was perpetrated by irregular Turkish bands against the predominantly ethnic Greek town of Phocaea, modern Foça, on the east coast of the Aegean Sea. The massacre was part of a wider anti-Greek campaign of genocide launched by the Young Turk Ottoman authorities, which included boycott, intimidation, forced deportations and mass killings; and was one of the worst attacks during the summer of 1914.


12/06/1900

The Reichstag approves new legislation continuing Germany's naval expansion program, providing for construction of 38 battleships over a 20-year period. Germany's fleet would be the largest in the world.

The Reichstag is a historic legislative government building on Platz der Republik in Berlin that is the seat of the German Bundestag. It is also the meeting place of the Federal Convention, which elects the president of Germany.


12/06/1899

New Richmond tornado: The ninth deadliest tornado in U.S. history kills 117 people and injures around 200.

The 1899 New Richmond tornado was an estimated F5 tornado that formed in the early evening of Monday, June 12, 1899, leaving a 45-mile-long (72 km) path of destruction through St. Croix, Polk, and Barron counties in west-central Wisconsin. There were a total of 117 fatalities and 150 injuries, with hundreds more reported as displaced. The worst devastation occurred in the city of New Richmond, which took a direct hit from the storm. Over half of New Richmond was left in ruins due to the tornado, which also caused minor damage to surrounding communities. The damage was reported to be over $300,000 (USD). As of 2019, it is ranked as the ninth deadliest tornado in United States history, as well as the deadliest tornado ever recorded in Wisconsin.


12/06/1898

Philippine Declaration of Independence: General Emilio Aguinaldo declares the Philippines' independence from Spain.

The Philippine Declaration of Independence was proclaimed by Filipino revolutionary forces general Emilio Aguinaldo on June 12, 1898, in Cavite el Viejo, Philippines. It asserted the sovereignty and independence of the Philippine islands from the 300 years of colonial rule by Spain.


12/06/1864

American Civil War, Overland Campaign: Battle of Cold Harbor: Ulysses S. Grant gives the Confederate forces under Robert E. Lee a victory when he pulls his Union troops from their position at Cold Harbor, Virginia and moves south.

The American Civil War was a civil war in the United States between the Union and the Confederacy, which was formed in 1861 by states that had seceded from the Union to preserve slavery in the United States, which they saw as threatened because of the election of Abraham Lincoln and the growing abolitionist movement in the North. The war ended with Union victory, the dissolution of the Confederacy and the abolition of slavery, freeing four million African Americans.


12/06/1830

Beginning of the Invasion of Algiers: Thirty-four thousand French soldiers land 27 kilometers west of Algiers, at Sidi Ferruch.

The invasion of Algiers was a large-scale military operation by which the Kingdom of France, ruled by King Charles X, invaded and conquered the Regency of Algiers. A diplomatic incident in 1827, the so-called 'Fan Affair', served as a pretext to initiate a blockade against the port of Algiers. After three years of standstill and a more severe incident in which a French ship carrying an ambassador to the dey with a proposal for negotiations was fired upon, the French determined that more forceful action was required. Charles X also sought to divert attention from turbulent French domestic affairs which culminated with his deposition during the later stages of the invasion in the July Revolution.


12/06/1821

Badi VII, king of Sennar, surrenders his throne and realm to Isma'il Pasha, general of the Ottoman Empire, ending the existence of that Sudanese kingdom.

Badi VII was the last ruler of the Funj Sultanate.


12/06/1817

The earliest form of bicycle, the dandy horse, is driven by Karl von Drais.

A bicycle, also called a pedal cycle, bike, push-bike or cycle, is a human-powered or motor-assisted, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, with two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other. A bicycle rider is called a cyclist, or bicyclist.


12/06/1813

Capture of USRC Surveyor.

USRC Surveyor was a 6-gun cutter of the United States Revenue-Marine captured by British forces during the War of 1812. Despite the vessel's loss, the "gallant and desperate" defense of her crew against a superior British force is commemorated by the United States Coast Guard. Along with the British frigate which bested her in battle, HMS Narcissus, Surveyor is among six legendary ships memorialized in the lyrics of the Coast Guard march "Semper Paratus".


12/06/1798

Irish Rebellion of 1798: Battle of Ballynahinch.

The Irish Rebellion of 1798 was a popular insurrection against the British Crown in what was then the separate, but subordinate, Kingdom of Ireland. The main organising force was the Society of United Irishmen. First formed in Belfast by Presbyterians opposed to the landed Anglican establishment, the Society, despairing of reform, sought to secure a republic through a revolutionary union with the country's Catholic majority. The grievances of a rack-rented tenantry drove recruitment.


12/06/1776

The Virginia Declaration of Rights is adopted.

The Virginia Declaration of Rights was drafted in 1776 to proclaim the inherent rights of men, including the right to reform or abolish "inadequate" government. It influenced a number of later documents, including the United States Declaration of Independence (1776) and the United States Bill of Rights (1789).


12/06/1775

American War of Independence: British general Thomas Gage declares martial law in Massachusetts. The British offer a pardon to all colonists who lay down their arms. There would be only two exceptions to the amnesty: Samuel Adams and John Hancock, if captured, were to be hanged.

The American Revolutionary War, also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence or simply the American Revolution, was the armed conflict that comprised the final eight years of the broader American Revolution, in which American Patriot forces organized as the Continental Army and commanded by George Washington defeated the British Army. The conflict was fought in North America, the Caribbean, and the Atlantic Ocean. The war's outcome seemed uncertain for most of the war, but Washington and the Continental Army's decisive victory in the Siege of Yorktown in 1781 led King George III and the Kingdom of Great Britain to negotiate an end to the war. In 1783, in the Treaty of Paris, the British monarchy acknowledged the independence of the Thirteen Colonies, leading to the establishment of the United States as an independent and sovereign nation.


12/06/1772

French explorer Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne and 25 of his men are killed by Māori in New Zealand.

Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne was a French privateer, East India captain, and explorer. The expedition he led to find the hypothetical Terra Australis in 1771 made important geographic discoveries in the south Indian Ocean and anthropological discoveries in Tasmania and New Zealand. In New Zealand, they spent longer living on shore than any previous European expedition. Half way through the expedition's stay, Marion was killed during a military assault by Ngare Raumati: one of the oldest Māori tribes from the Whangārei region.


12/06/1758

French and Indian War: Siege of Louisbourg: James Wolfe's attack at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia, commences.

The French and Indian War (1754–1763) was a conflict in North America between Great Britain and France, along with their respective Indigenous allies. Historians generally consider it part of the global Seven Years' War, which lasted from 1756 to 1763, although in the United States it is often viewed as a distinct conflict unassociated with any larger European war.


12/06/1665

Thomas Willett is appointed the first mayor of New York City.

Thomas Willett was a Plymouth Colony fur trader, merchant, land purchaser and developer, Captain of the Plymouth Colony militia, Magistrate of the colony, and was the first Mayor of New York, prior to the consolidation of the five boroughs into the City of New York in 1898.


12/06/1653

First Anglo-Dutch War: The Battle of the Gabbard begins, lasting until the following day.

The First Anglo-Dutch War, or First Dutch War, was a naval conflict between the Commonwealth of England and the Dutch Republic. Largely caused by disputes over trade, it began with English attacks on Dutch merchant shipping, but expanded to vast fleet actions. Despite a series of victories in 1652 and 1653, the Commonwealth was unable to blockade Dutch trade, although English privateers inflicted serious losses on Dutch merchant shipping.


12/06/1643

The Westminster Assembly is convened by the Parliament of England, without the assent of Charles I, in order to restructure the Church of England.

The Westminster Assembly of Divines was a council of divines (theologians) and members of the English Parliament appointed from 1643 to 1653 to restructure the Church of England. Several Scots also attended, and the Assembly's work was adopted by the Church of Scotland. As many as 121 ministers were called to the Assembly, with nineteen others added later to replace those who did not attend or could no longer attend. It produced a new Form of Church Government, a Confession of Faith or statement of belief, two catechisms or manuals for religious instruction, and a liturgical manual, the Directory for Public Worship, for the Churches of England and Scotland. The Confession and catechisms were adopted as doctrinal standards in the Church of Scotland and other Presbyterian churches, where they remain normative. Amended versions of the Confession were also adopted in Congregational and Baptist churches in England and New England in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The Confession became influential throughout the English-speaking world, but especially in American Protestant theology.


12/06/1550

The city of Helsinki, Finland (belonging to Sweden at the time) is founded by King Gustav I of Sweden.

Helsinki, until about 1930 known in English by its Swedish name of Helsingfors, is the capital and most populous city in Finland. It is on the shore of the Gulf of Finland and is the seat of southern Finland's Uusimaa region. About 694,000 people live in the municipality, with 1.3 million in the capital region and 1.6 million in the metropolitan area. As the most populous urban area in Finland, it is the country's most significant centre for politics, education, finance, culture, and research. Helsinki is 80 kilometres (50 mi) north of Tallinn, Estonia, 400 kilometres (250 mi) east of Stockholm, Sweden, and 300 kilometres (190 mi) west of Saint Petersburg, Russia.


12/06/1429

Hundred Years' War: On the second day of the Battle of Jargeau, Joan of Arc leads the French army in their capture of the city and the English commander, William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk.

The Hundred Years' War was a conflict between the kingdoms of England and France and a civil war in France during the late Middle Ages. It emerged from feudal disputes over the Duchy of Aquitaine and was triggered by a claim to the French throne made by Edward III of England. The war grew into a broader military, economic, and political struggle involving factions from across Western Europe, fuelled by emerging nationalism on both sides. The periodisation of the war typically charts it as taking place over 116 years. However, it was an intermittent conflict which was frequently interrupted by external factors, such as the Black Death, and several years of truces.


12/06/1418

Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War: Parisians slaughter sympathizers of Bernard VII, Count of Armagnac, along with all prisoners, foreign bankers, and students and faculty of the College of Navarre.

The Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War was a conflict between two cadet branches of the French royal family: the House of Orléans and the House of Burgundy from 1407 to 1435. It began during a lull in the Hundred Years' War against the English and overlapped with the Western Schism of the papacy.


12/06/1381

Peasants' Revolt: In England, rebels assemble at Blackheath, just outside London.

The Peasants' Revolt, also named Wat Tyler's Rebellion or the Great Uprising, was a major uprising across large parts of England in 1381. The revolt had various causes, including the socio-economic and political tensions generated by the Black Death in the 1340s, the high taxes resulting from the conflict with France during the Hundred Years' War, and instability within the local leadership of London. The revolt heavily influenced the course of the Hundred Years' War by deterring later Parliaments from raising additional taxes to pay for military campaigns in France.


12/06/1240

At the instigation of Louis IX of France, an inter-faith debate, known as the Disputation of Paris, starts between a Christian monk and four rabbis.

Louis IX, also known as Saint Louis, was King of France from 1226 until his death in 1270. He is widely recognized as the most distinguished of the Direct Capetians, is the sole king of France to be canonised as a saint of the Catholic Church, and is also the direct ancestor of all subsequent French kings. Following the death of his father, Louis VIII, he was crowned in Reims at the age of 12. His mother, Blanche of Castile, effectively ruled the kingdom as regent until he came of age, and continued to serve as his trusted adviser until her death.


12/06/1206

The Ghurid general Qutb ud-Din Aibak founds the Delhi Sultanate.

The Ghurid dynasty was a culturally Persianate dynasty of eastern Iranian Tajik origin, which ruled from the 8th-century in the region of Ghor, and became an Empire from 1175 to 1215. The Ghurids were centered in the hills of the Ghor region in the present-day central Afghanistan, where they initially started out as local chiefs. They gradually converted to Sunni Islam after the conquest of Ghor by the Ghaznavid ruler Mahmud of Ghazni in 1011. The Ghurids eventually overran the Ghaznavids when Muhammad of Ghor seized Lahore and expelled the Ghaznavids from their last stronghold.


12/06/1042

Constantine IX Monomachos is crowned as Byzantine Emperor, one day after is marriage to Empress Zoe Porphyrogenita.

Constantine IX Monomachos reigned as Byzantine emperor from June 1042 to January 1055. A member of the urban aristocracy, Constantine became emperor through marriage to the ruling empress Zoë Porphyrogenita in 1042. The couple shared the throne with Zoë's sister Theodora Porphyrogenita. Constantine's energetic rule was one of the most consequential in the Byzantine Empire's tumultuous 11th century.


12/06/0910

Battle of Augsburg: The Hungarians defeat the East Frankish army under King Louis the Child, using the famous feigned retreat tactic of the nomadic warriors.

The first Battle of Lechfeld, fought on 12 June 910, was an important victory by a Hungarian army over the combined forces of East Francia and Swabia (Alamannia) under the nominal command of Louis the Child. Located approximately 25 km (15.53 mi) south of Augsburg, the Lechfeld is the floodplain that lies along the river Lech. At this time the Grand Prince of the Hungarians was Zoltán, but there is no record of him taking part in the battle. After the battle, the victorious Hungarians broke into Franconia for the first time. On 22 June in Franconia, the same Hungarian army defeated a united army of the duchies of Franconia, Lotharingia and Bavaria in the Battle of Rednitz. The Bavarian, Frankish, Swabian and Saxonian duchies became taxpayers of the Hungarians. As consequence of this victory, in the next year, Hungarian attacks launched from the Carpathian Basin crossed the Rhine for the first time in 911.