15th November — World Recycling Day & Clean Air Day

Welcome to 15th November! It's World Recycling Day and Clean Air Day. Explore 61 historical events, birthdays, deaths, and milestones that shaped this day. From remarkable moments in local and world history to the people who left their mark — find out what makes today special. Tonight's moon is in its first quarter phase, and the zodiac sign of the day is Scorpio. If you're curious about the history of a day — this page brings together everything worth knowing about this 15th November.

Saturday, 15 November finds the Moon in its first quarter phase, a time of increasing illumination and growing energy. The sun moves through Scorpio, the eighth sign of the zodiac, characterised by intensity and transformation. Those born on this date fall under Scorpio's influence, sharing traits associated with determination and perceptiveness.

On this day

On 15 November 1943, Nazi official Heinrich Himmler issued an order placing Romani people on the same level as Jews within the Nazi regime's persecution framework, directing their placement in concentration camps. This marked an escalation in the genocide that would claim hundreds of thousands of Romani lives during the Holocaust.

In Italy, 15 November 2000 brought tragedy when Edoardo Agnelli, son of industrialist patriarch Gianni Agnelli, was found dead beneath a bridge on the outskirts of Turin. The circumstances surrounding his death shocked the prominent Italian family and drew significant media attention at the time.

The Soviet spacecraft Buran completed its maiden and only flight as an uncrewed vehicle on 15 November 1988, demonstrating the USSR's response to NASA's Space Shuttle programme. This reusable spacecraft represented a significant engineering achievement, though the programme would be discontinued following the Soviet Union's collapse.

World Recycling Day

World Recycling Day, observed on 15 November, promotes awareness of the importance of recycling and resource conservation globally. The day highlights the need to reduce waste and encourage circular economy practices across industries and households. Established relatively recently, the day has gained recognition as environmental concerns intensify worldwide. It serves to educate the public about sustainable waste management and the role individuals play in protecting the planet.

Clean Air Day

Clean Air Day, marked on 15 November, aims to raise awareness about air quality and the health impacts of air pollution. The day encourages people and organisations to take action to improve air quality in their communities. First observed as a dedicated awareness campaign, it has become an important platform for discussing emissions reduction and environmental policy. The initiative emphasises the connection between clean air and public health outcomes.

DayAtlas provides comprehensive information for any date and location, including historical events, notable births and deaths, and weather conditions. The platform enables users to explore what occurred on specific dates throughout history whilst accessing localised data for their chosen locations.

Explore everything about today 3rd July.

Hidden currents move beneath calm surfaces.

Fortune of the Day

15th November in the Stars – Star Sign Scorpio

Today, the zodiac sign Scorpio celebrates its birthday.

Personality Profile

Personality People born on November 15th blend intense emotional depth with spiritual curiosity. Neptune's influence adds a contemplative, imaginative layer to their typical Scorpio nature, creating someone drawn to mysteries and hidden truths. Their personalities fascinate through psychological complexity.

Strengths & Weaknesses Strengths include psychological insight, unwavering loyalty, and transformative power. These individuals possess keen intuition and spiritual awareness. Weaknesses stem from controlling tendencies, emotional intensity that can isolate, and a secretive nature.

Love In relationships, these people seek profound emotional and spiritual connection. They love intensely, demandingly, and unconditionally, yet require absolute trust and transparency. Jealousy and possessiveness can become obstacles.

Caree & Finance Numerology 8 suggests business acumen and material success potential. Ideal careers include psychology, finance, occult studies, or healing professions. Their ability to perceive hidden patterns makes them invaluable strategists and analysts.

Health These individuals thrive with meditation, yoga, and spiritual practices for emotional regulation. Deep feelings can manifest as psychological strain; regular introspection is essential. Structured routines support sustained wellbeing.


That night, the moon was in its first quarter phase.


Chinese year of the Snake (Wood).

Fun Facts About 15th November

Name Days in Your Language: Leopold, Leopolda, Leopoldo, Leopoltine, Talia, Thalia


Someone born on this day would be just 230 days old today — roughly 5,542 hours, 332,545 minutes, or 19,952,700 seconds spent on Earth so far.


It's the 319. day of the year. In 2025, 15th November falls on a Saturday.


There are 46 days still to come.


We’re currently in Week 46 — the year marches on.

Famous Birthdays on 15th November

On this day, 224 notable people were born on 15th November — spanning from 459 to 2001. From world leaders to artists and scientists, discover who shares this birthday.

15/11/2001

TyTy Washington Jr., American basketball player

Tyrone Lewis "TyTy" Washington Jr. is an American professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Clippers of the National Basketball Association (NBA), on a two-way contract with the San Diego Clippers of the NBA G League. He played college basketball for the Kentucky Wildcats. He was a consensus five-star recruit and one of the top point guards in the 2021 class.


15/11/1997

Paula Badosa, Spanish tennis player

Paula Badosa Gibert is a Spanish professional tennis player. She has been ranked as high as world No. 2 in singles by the WTA and No. 124 in doubles, achieved on 25 April 2022. She has won four WTA Tour singles titles, including a WTA 1000 event in Indian Wells, and is a Grand Slam semifinalist at the 2025 Australian Open.


15/11/1996

Kim Min-jae, South Korean footballer

Kim Min-jae is a South Korean professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Bundesliga club Bayern Munich and the South Korea national team.


15/11/1995

Blake Pieroni, American swimmer

Blake John Pieroni is a three-time Olympic gold medalist in swimming. He is a two time Olympian and gold medalist in the 4×100-meter freestyle relay at both the 2016 Summer Olympics and the 2020 Summer Olympics. On the relay in 2016, he swam in the prelims of the race, on the 2020 Olympics 4×100-meter freestyle relay he swam in both the prelims and the final. He also won a gold medal in the 4x100-meter medley relay at the 2020 Olympic Games, swimming the freestyle leg of the relay in the prelims.


Karl-Anthony Towns, Dominican-American basketball player

Karl-Anthony Towns Jr., also known by his initials KAT, is an American and Dominican professional basketball player for the New York Knicks of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was named to the Dominican Republic national team as a 16-year-old and played college basketball for the Kentucky Wildcats. He was selected with the first overall pick in the 2015 NBA draft by the Minnesota Timberwolves.


15/11/1994

Ekaterina Alexandrova, Russian tennis player

Ekaterina Evgenyevna Alexandrova is a Russian professional tennis player. She has a career-high WTA singles ranking of world No. 10, achieved on 13 October 2025 and a best doubles ranking of No. 41, reached on 8 September 2025.


Emma Dumont, American actress and model

Nick Dumont, known professionally as Emma Dumont, is an American actor, model, and dancer. They are known for their roles as Melanie Segal in the ABC Family series Bunheads, Emma Karn in the NBC series Aquarius, Lorna Dane/Polaris in the FOX series The Gifted, and Jackie Oppenheimer in the Christopher Nolan biographical thriller Oppenheimer (2023).


Bryce Cartwright, Australian rugby league player

Bryce Cartwright is an Australian semi-professional rugby league footballer who plays for St Marys Saints in the Ron Massey Cup.


15/11/1993

Arik Armstead, American football player

Arik Armstead is an American professional football defensive end for the Jacksonville Jaguars of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Oregon Ducks and was selected by the San Francisco 49ers in the first round of the 2015 NFL draft.


Paulo Dybala, Argentine footballer

Paulo Exequiel Dybala is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a forward for Serie A club Roma and the Argentina national team. He is nicknamed "La Joya".


Saaya Irie, Japanese actress and singer

Saaya Irie is a Japanese gravure model, actress, television personality and former singer. Her stage name is simply her given name, Saaya.


Melitina Staniouta, Belarusian rhythmic gymnast

Melitina Dmitryevna Staniouta is a Belarusian retired individual rhythmic gymnast. She is a three-time World all-around bronze medalist, the 2015 European Games all-around bronze medalist, the 2014 European Championships all-around silver medalist, and 2009 Grand Prix Final all-around bronze medalist.


15/11/1992

Dylan Bundy, American baseball player

Dylan Matthew Bundy is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Baltimore Orioles, Los Angeles Angels and Minnesota Twins.


Sofia Goggia, Italian skier

Sofia Goggia is an Italian World Cup alpine ski racer who competes in all disciplines and specialises in the speed events of downhill and super-G. She is a three-time Olympic downhill medalist – gold at the 2018 Winter Olympics, the first one for an Italian woman – and four-time World Cup downhill title winner.


Minami Minegishi, Japanese singer

Minami Minegishi is a Japanese singer and actress best known for her affiliation with the idol girl group AKB48 and its subunit no3b. Nicknamed Mii-chan (みぃちゃん), she has the longest tenure among AKB48's original members, lasting 16 years from 2005 to 2021.


Daniela Seguel, Chilean tennis player

Daniela Valeska Seguel Carvajal is an inactive Chilean tennis player. She has won 16 singles titles and 28 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 28 May 2018, she reached her career-high singles ranking of world No. 162, weeks after reaching quarterfinals on the Copa Colsanitas, her best result on a WTA Tour tournament yet. Seguel's first-round win over Nicole Gibbs was the first professional match won by a Chilean female tennis player since 1980. On 7 July 2014, she peaked at No. 110 in the WTA doubles rankings.


Trevor Story, American baseball player

Trevor John Story is an American professional baseball shortstop and second baseman for the Boston Red Sox of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the Colorado Rockies.


Kevin Wimmer, Austrian footballer

Kevin Wimmer is an Austrian professional footballer who plays as a centre back for Slovan Bratislava.


15/11/1991

Maxime Colin, French footballer

Maxime Jean-Yves Colin is a French professional footballer who plays as a full back for Ligue 2 club Metz. He previously played for Boulogne, Troyes, Anderlecht, Brentford and Birmingham City. He won seven caps for France at under-20 level.


Shailene Woodley, American actress

Shailene Diann Woodley is an American actress. Woodley's breakthrough role came as Amy Juergens in the ABC Family teen drama series The Secret Life of the American Teenager (2008–2013). She then starred in the films The Descendants (2011), which earned her a Golden Globe Award nomination, and The Spectacular Now (2013).


15/11/1989

Jona Viray, Filipino singer

Jonalyn Roxas Viray, known mononymously as Jona, is a Filipino singer and songwriter. She gained recognition after winning Pinoy Pop Superstar. She was previously the lead singer of trio girl-group La Diva. Following the group's disbandment, she released her single "Help Me Get Over" which was awarded the Song of the Year Award at the 6th PMPC Star Awards for Music. In February 2016 she changed her screen name to Jona. She has won several awards, both solo and as member of La Diva. She is known for her belting technique, melismatic singing style, and her ability to sing operatic arias.


15/11/1988

B.o.B, American rapper, songwriter, and producer

Bobby Ray Simmons Jr., known professionally as B.o.B, is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, and record producer.


Quanitra Hollingsworth, American-Turkish basketball player

Quanitra Hollingsworth is an American-Turkish professional basketball player for Galatasaray.


Morgan Parra, French rugby player

Morgan Parra is a former French rugby union player who played as a scrum-half and occasionally fly-half. He played most of his career with Clermont Auvergne after signing for them from Bourgoin. He is of Portuguese origin through his father, Antonio.


Billy Twelvetrees, English rugby player

William Wesley Twelvetrees is a rugby union footballer who plays centre or fly-half for Worcester Warriors. He formerly played as inside centre for the England national team.


15/11/1987

Sergio Llull, Spanish basketball player

Sergio Llull Melià is a Spanish professional basketball player and the team captain for Real Madrid of the Spanish Liga ACB and the EuroLeague. He is a 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) combo guard.


15/11/1986

Winston Duke, Tobagonian-American actor

Winston Duke is a Tobagonian actor. Duke was born in Tobago and moved to Brooklyn, New York, United States, at age nine.


Coye Francies, American football player

Coye Glenn Francies is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Oregon State Beavers and San Jose State Spartans. In the 2009 NFL draft, the Cleveland Browns selected Francies in the sixth round.


Sania Mirza, Indian tennis player

Sania Mirza is an Indian former professional tennis player. A former doubles world No. 1, she won six major titles – three in women's doubles and three in mixed doubles. From 2003 until her retirement from singles in 2013, she was ranked by the Women's Tennis Association as the No. 1 Indian in singles. Throughout her career, Mirza has established herself as one of the most known, highest-paid, and influential athletes in India.


Jerry Roush, American singer-songwriter

Gerald Allen "Jerry" Roush is an American musician, best known as the former vocalist for Sky Eats Airplane, Of Mice & Men, and Glass Cloud. He has also served as a substitute vocalist for American Me during their Japan tour.


15/11/1985

Lily Aldridge, American model

Lily Maud Aldridge is an American model. She was a Victoria's Secret Angel from 2010 to 2018. She also appeared in the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue, alongside Chrissy Teigen and Nina Agdal, for the 50th anniversary cover in 2014.


Charron Fisher, American basketball player

Charron Fisher is an American former professional basketball player.


Simon Spender, Welsh footballer

Simon Spender is a Welsh football coach and former professional footballer who is an academy coach at The New Saints.


15/11/1984

Asia Kate Dillon, American actor and producer

Asia Kate Dillon is an American actor. They are known for their roles as Brandy Epps in Orange Is the New Black and Taylor Mason in Billions. Dillon identifies as non-binary and uses singular they pronouns. Their role on Billions is the first non-binary main character on North American television, and earned them a Critics' Choice Television Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor in a Drama Series. They also played the Adjudicator in the action film John Wick: Chapter 3 – Parabellum (2019).


15/11/1983

Dominic Carroll, Gibraltarian runner

Dominic Carroll is a retired Gibraltarian track athlete.


Sophia Di Martino, English actress

Sophia Di Martino is an English actress known for portraying Sylvie in the Marvel Cinematic Universe television series Loki (2021–2023), which earned her two MTV Movie & TV Awards and a nomination for a Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Drama Series. She has also had starring roles in the television shows Casualty (2009–2011) and Flowers (2016–2018).


Aleksandar Pavlović, Serbian basketball player

Aleksandar "Saša" Pavlović is a Serbian-Montenegrin basketball executive and former professional player who spent ten seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA), playing for the Utah Jazz, Cleveland Cavaliers, Minnesota Timberwolves, Dallas Mavericks, New Orleans Pelicans, Boston Celtics and the Portland Trail Blazers. He also represented the national basketball team of Serbia and Montenegro internationally. Standing at 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m), he played the small forward and shooting guard positions.


Fernando Verdasco, Spanish tennis player

Fernando Verdasco Carmona is a Spanish tennis coach and a former professional player. He was ranked world No. 7 in men's singles by the ATP, achieved in April 2009, and world No. 8 in men's doubles, achieved in November 2013. Verdasco won seven singles titles on the ATP Tour, and reached a major singles semifinal at the 2009 Australian Open. He also won eight doubles titles, including the 2013 ATP World Tour Finals partnering David Marrero.


John Heitinga, Dutch footballer and coach

John Gijsbert Alan Heitinga is a Dutch football coach and former player, most recently an assistant coach at Premier League side Tottenham Hotspur.


15/11/1982

D. J. Fitzpatrick, American football player

Daniel Joseph Fitzpatrick is an American former professional football punter and placekicker. He was signed by the New York Jets of the National Football League (NFL) as an undrafted free agent in 2006. He played college football for the Notre Dame Fighting Irish. Fitzpatrick was also a member of the Berlin Thunder, Buffalo Bills, and Montreal Alouettes.


Rio Hirai, Japanese actress

Rio Hirai is a Japanese TV actress and announcer who is represented by the talent agency DeJaneiro.


Joe Kowalewski, American football player

Joe Kowalewski is an American former professional football player who was a fullback in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Syracuse Orange and was signed by the New York Jets as an undrafted free agent in 2006.


Benjamin Krause, German rugby player

Benjamin Krause is a German international rugby union player, playing for the DSV 78 Hannover in the Rugby-Bundesliga and the German national rugby union team.


Giaan Rooney, Australian swimmer

Giaan Leigh Rooney, OAM is an Australian former competitive swimmer and television personality. As a member of the Australian team in women's 4×100-metre medley relay, she won an Olympic gold medal and broke a world record at the 2004 Summer Olympics. Rooney is currently an Australian television presenter.


Lofa Tatupu, American football player

Mosiula Mea'alofa "Lofa" Tatupu is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker for six seasons with the Seattle Seahawks of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the USC Trojans. Tatupu was selected by Seahawks in the second round of the 2005 NFL draft. After his playing career, he was an assistant linebackers coach with the Seahawks.


Kalu Uche, Nigerian footballer

Kalu Uche is a Nigerian former professional footballer who played as a forward.


15/11/1981

Drew Hodgdon, American football player

Lincoln Andrew Hodgdon is an American former professional football player who was an offensive lineman for the Houston Texans of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Arizona State Sun Devils.


Lorena Ochoa, Mexican golfer

Lorena Ochoa Reyes is a Mexican former professional golfer who played on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour from 2003 to 2010. She was the top-ranked female golfer in the world for 158 consecutive and total weeks, from 23 April 2007 to her retirement on 2 May 2010, at the age of 28 years old. As the first Mexican golfer of either gender to be ranked number one in the world, because of her record, she is considered the best Mexican female golfer of all time. Ochoa was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2017.


15/11/1980

Ace Young, American singer-songwriter and actor

Brett "Ace" Young is an American singer, songwriter, and actor. He gained national recognition while appearing on the fifth season of American Idol. Young is married to American Idol season-three runner-up Diana DeGarmo.


15/11/1979

Brooks Bollinger, American football player and coach

Brooks Michael Bollinger is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL) for the New York Jets, Minnesota Vikings, Dallas Cowboys and Detroit Lions. He was also a member of the Florida Tuskers in the United Football League (UFL). He played college football for the Wisconsin Badgers.


Josemi, Spanish footballer

José Miguel González Rey, known as Josemi, is a Spanish former footballer. Mainly a right back, he also played as a central defender.


Brett Lancaster, Australian cyclist

Brett Lancaster is an Australian former professional racing cyclist, who rode professionally between 2003 and 2016. Born in Shepparton, Victoria, Lancaster started cycle racing at the age of 14 in 1993. He spent four years riding for Ceramiche Panaria–Fiordo before moving to Team Milram in July 2006. In 2009 and 2010 he rode for Cervélo TestTeam, and rode for Garmin–Cervélo in 2011.


15/11/1978

Floyd Womack, American football player

Floyd Seneca Womack, nicknamed "Pork Chop", is an American former professional football player who was a guard in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Seattle Seahawks in the fourth round of the 2001 NFL draft. He played college football for the Mississippi State Bulldogs.


15/11/1977

Richard Lintner, Slovak ice hockey player

Richard Lintner is a Slovak former professional ice hockey defenceman who last played for HC Dinamo Minsk of the Kontinental Hockey League and current television presenter. He previously played in the National Hockey League for the Nashville Predators, New York Rangers and the Pittsburgh Penguins.


Steven Miles, Australian politician, 40th Premier of Queensland

Steven John Miles is an Australian politician who served as the 40th premier of Queensland from 2023 to 2024. He has been the leader of the Queensland Labor Party since 2023 and previously served as deputy premier from 2020 to 2023.


Sean Murray, American actor

Sean Harland Murray is an American actor known for his role as Special Agent Timothy McGee on the American TV drama NCIS, Thackery Binx in Disney's Halloween film Hocus Pocus and Danny Walden in the military drama series JAG.


Peter Phillips, English businessman

Peter Mark Andrew Phillips is a British businessman and member of the British royal family. He is the son of Anne, Princess Royal, and Mark Phillips, and a nephew of King Charles III. At his birth, during the reign of his maternal grandmother Queen Elizabeth II, Phillips was fifth in the line of succession to the British throne; as of 2026, he is 19th.


Robaire Smith, American football player

Robaire Fredrick Smith is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Michigan State Spartans.


15/11/1976

Brandon DiCamillo, American comedian, actor, and stuntman

Brandon DiCamillo is an American former television personality. A founding member of the CKY crew, he appeared in the CKY video series as well as MTV's Jackass, Viva La Bam, and Bam's Unholy Union series.


Virginie Ledoyen, French actress

Virginie Fernández, known by her stage name Virginie Ledoyen, is a French actress. She has appeared in French, English and American films.


Sule, Indonesian comedian and actor

Sutisna, more commonly known as Sule, is an Indonesian comedian and actor. He became well-known after winning the Indonesian comedian audition show API with Ogi Suwarna and Obin Wahyudin in the group SOS in 2005.


15/11/1975

Scott Henshall, English fashion designer

Scott Henshall is a British fashion designer, philanthropist, TV personality and occasional fashion journalist.


Yannick Tremblay, Canadian ice hockey player

Yannick Tremblay is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman who played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Toronto Maple Leafs, Atlanta Thrashers and Vancouver Canucks.


Boris Živković, Croatian footballer

Boris Živković is a Croatian former professional footballer who played as a full-back and centre-back.


15/11/1974

Chad Kroeger, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

Chad Robert Kroeger is a Canadian musician who is best known for being the lead singer, lead guitarist, primary songwriter, and founding member of the rock band Nickelback. In addition to his work with Nickelback, Kroeger has been involved with a variety of collaborations, appearing as a guest musician in several songs and has contributed in both production and songwriting. He has co-written several songs for other artists and films.


15/11/1973

Sydney Tamiia Poitier, American actress

Sydney Tamiia Poitier is an American-Canadian television and film actress.


Alamgir Sheriyar, English cricketer

Alamgir Sheriyar is a former English first-class cricketer. His last professional club was Leicestershire.


15/11/1972

Jonny Lee Miller, English-American actor

Jonathan Lee Miller is an English actor. He achieved early success for his portrayal of Simon "Sick Boy" Williamson in the dark comedy-drama film Trainspotting (1996) and as Dade Murphy in Hackers (1995), then earning further critical recognition for his performances in Afterglow (1997), Mansfield Park (1999), Mindhunters (2004), The Flying Scotsman (2006), Endgame (2009), and T2 Trainspotting (2017). For The Flying Scotsman he received a London Film Critics' Circle nomination for Actor of the Year. He was also part of the principal cast in the films Melinda and Melinda (2004), Dark Shadows (2012), and Byzantium (2013). He has appeared in several theatrical productions, most notably After Miss Julie and Frankenstein, the latter of which earned him an Olivier Award for Best Actor.


15/11/1971

Jay Harrington, American actor

James H. Harrington III, professionally known as Jay Harrington, is an American actor and director. He is known for his role as the title character in the ABC sitcom Better Off Ted (2009–2010), and as Sgt. David "Deacon" Kay in S.W.A.T. from 2017 to 2025.


Martin Pieckenhagen, German footballer

Martin Pieckenhagen is a German former professional footballer. He is the sporting director of Hansa Rostock.


15/11/1970

Ilija Aračić, Croatian footballer and coach

Ilija Aračić is a Croatian football coach and a former player who played as a striker.


Jack Ingram, American singer-songwriter and guitarist

Jack Owen Ingram is an American country music artist formerly signed to Big Machine Records, an independent record label. He has released eleven studio albums, one extended play, six live albums, and 19 singles. Although active since 1992, Ingram did not reach the U.S. Country Top 40 until the release of his single "Wherever You Are" late-2005. A number one hit on the Billboard country charts, that song was also his first release for Big Machine and that label's first Number One hit. Ingram has sent six other songs into the country Top 40 with "Love You", "Lips of an Angel", "Measure of a Man", "Maybe She'll Get Lonely", "That's a Man", and "Barefoot and Crazy".


Alexander Kvitashvili, Georgian-Ukrainian academic and politician, 19th Ukrainian Minister of Healthcare

Alexander "Sandro" Merabovich Kvitashvili is a Georgian and Ukrainian health manager and government official. He is a former Minister of Healthcare of Ukraine appointed on 2 December 2014 and was granted Ukrainian citizenship the same day. On 14 April 2016 he was relieved of his post. Kvitashvili was Minister of Health of Georgia from 2008 to 2010 and rector of Tbilisi State University (TSU) from 2010 to 2013.


Patrick M'Boma, Cameroonian footballer

Henri Patrick Mboma Dem is a Cameroonian former professional footballer who played as a striker. He is the fourth all-time top goal-scorer for the Cameroon national team.


15/11/1968

Ol' Dirty Bastard, American rapper and producer (died 2004)

Russell Tyrone Jones, known professionally as Ol' Dirty Bastard, was an American rapper who was one of the founding members of the New York rap group Wu-Tang Clan, formed in 1992. Jones also released music as a solo artist beginning with Return to the 36 Chambers: The Dirty Version (1995). He was noted for his "outrageously profane, free-associative rhymes delivered in a distinctive half-rapped, half-sung style".


Fausto Brizzi, Italian director, producer, and screenwriter

Fausto Brizzi is an Italian screenwriter, producer and film director.


Teodoro Casiño, Filipino journalist and politician

Teodoro "Teddy" Acevedo Casiño is a Filipino activist, writer, and journalist. He was a member of the House of Representatives for Bayan Muna. He is currently the chairperson of Bagong Alyansang Makabayan (Bayan).


Jennifer Charles, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

Jennifer Asher Charles is an American singer and songwriter. Along with Oren Bloedow, she co-founded the New York band Elysian Fields. Her work is known for its emotional intensity, with her writing exploring nature, love, loss, death, myth, and identity, often with philosophical and literary influences. She has a contralto voice.


Uwe Rösler, German footballer and manager

Uwe Rösler is a German football manager and former player who is the manager of 2. Bundesliga club VfL Bochum.


15/11/1967

Greg Anthony, American basketball player and sportscaster

Gregory Carlton Anthony is an American former professional basketball player who is a television analyst for NBA TV and Turner Sports. He played 11 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Anthony also contributes to Yahoo! Sports as a college basketball analyst and serves as a co-host/analyst on SiriusXM NBA Radio. His son, Cole Anthony, last played for the Milwaukee Bucks.


Cynthia Breazeal, American computer scientist, roboticist, and academic

Cynthia Breazeal is an American AI and robotics scientist and entrepreneur. She is a pioneer of social robotics and human-robot interaction. She is the former chief scientist and chief experience officer of Jibo, a company she co-founded in 2012 that developed companion robots for the family at home. Currently, she is a professor of media arts and sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where she is the director of the Personal Robots Group at the MIT Media Lab, dean for digital learning at MIT Open Learning, and director of the MIT RAISE Initiative. Her work has explored the theme of living everyday life in the presence of AI and, in recent years, has been a leader in AI literacy for youth.


E-40, American rapper and actor

Earl Tywone Stevens, better known by his stage name E-40, is an American rapper. Stevens is a founding member of the rap group the Click and the founder of Sick Wid It Records. He has released 27 studio albums to date, appeared on numerous movie soundtracks, and has also done guest appearances on a host of other rap albums. Initially an underground artist, his 1995 solo album In a Major Way opened him up to a wider audience. Beginning in 1998, he began collaborating with mainstream rappers outside the San Francisco Bay Area. He rose to higher mainstream popularity in 2006 with his single "Tell Me When to Go", which was produced by Lil Jon.


Wayne Harrison, English footballer (died 2013)

Wayne Harrison was an English professional footballer who played as a striker.


François Ozon, French director, producer, and screenwriter

François Ozon is a French film director and screenwriter.


Gus Poyet, Uruguayan footballer and manager

Gustavo Augusto Poyet Domínguez is a Uruguayan professional football manager and former footballer. He last served as the head coach of Saudi Pro League club Al-Khaleej.


Jon Preston, New Zealand rugby player

Jon Paul Preston is a former New Zealand rugby union player. A halfback and first five-eighth, Preston represented Canterbury and Wellington at a provincial level and the Hurricanes in Super Rugby. He was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, from 1991 to 1997, playing 27 matches for the team, including 10 internationals.


15/11/1966

Rachel True, American actress

Rachel India True is an American actress. She is best known for her roles in such films as The Craft (1996), Nowhere (1997), and Half Baked (1998). True is also known for her role as Mona Thorne on the UPN sitcom Half & Half, which ran from 2002 to 2006.


15/11/1965

Nigel Bond, English snooker player

Nigel Bond is an English former professional snooker player.


Stefan Pfeiffer, German swimmer

Stefan Pfeiffer is a former freestyle swimmer from Germany. At the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles he won the bronze medal in the 1500 m freestyle event. Four years later at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, Pfeiffer earned another medal, this time silver, in the same event.


15/11/1964

Stelios Aposporis, Greek footballer and manager

Stelios Aposporis is a former Greek footballer who played as a midfielder. He played during the 80's in many famous Greek teams such as Panionios (1982–1990), OFI (1990–1993) and Doxa Virona (1993–1996) and in 1996 decided to retire from professional football. In 2004, he was appointed from Hellenic Football Federation as Greece Under 21 manager. He was replaced in September 2007 by Nikos Nioplias.


Mikhail Rusyayev, Russian footballer, coach, and manager (died 2011)

Mikhail Anatolyevich Rusyayev was a Russian professional footballer who played as a striker.


Tiit Sokk, Estonian basketball player and coach

Tiit Sokk is a retired Estonian professional basketball player and current coach. Often cited as one of the very best European point guards of his generation, he is widely recognized as the greatest Estonian basketball player in history. Elected to the Hall of fame of Estonian basketball in 2010.


15/11/1963

Andrew Castle, English tennis player and television host

Andrew Nicholas Castle is a British broadcaster and former tennis player. Castle was Great Britain's number 1 in singles tennis in 1986, reaching World No. 80 in June 1988, and No. 45 in doubles in December 1988, with Tim Wilkison of the United States.


Benny Elias, Lebanese-Australian rugby league player and sportscaster

Ben Elias is an Australian former rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s and 1990s. He played primarily as a hooker for Balmain in the New South Wales Rugby League premiership. He was one of the leading hookers from the mid-1980s until his retirement at the end of the 1994 season. Along with Wayne Pearce, Paul Sironen and Steve Roach, Elias and his Balmain teammates formed one of the best forward packs in the modern era during the late 1980s.


Kevin J. O'Connor, American actor

Kevin James O'Connor is an American character actor known for roles in films such as Lord of Illusions, The Mummy, Van Helsing, and There Will Be Blood. He is a favorite of director Stephen Sommers.


15/11/1962

Mark Acres, American basketball player and educator

Mark Richard Acres is an American former professional basketball player who spent most of his career in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was a 6'11", 220 lb (100 kg) power forward/center.


Judy Gold, American comedian, actress, and producer

Judy Gold is an American stand-up comedian, actor, podcaster, television writer, author, producer, and activist. She won two Daytime Emmy Awards for her work as a writer and producer on The Rosie O'Donnell Show. Gold hosts the podcast It's Judy's Show with Judy Gold. Her collection of essays, "Yes I Can Say That: When They Come for the Comedians, We Are All in Trouble," was published in 2020. In 2023, she turned her book into a solo show, "Yes, I Can Say That!" directed by BD Wong.


15/11/1961

Hugh McGahan, New Zealand rugby league player

Hugh Joseph McGahan is a New Zealand former professional rugby league footballer, and coach who represented New Zealand. He retired as the New Zealand national team's all-time top try scorer, with 16. Since retirement McGahan has worked as a rugby league newspaper columnist and a football manager.


15/11/1960

Dawn Airey, English broadcaster

Dawn Elizabeth Airey is a British media executive, sports administrator and independent company director.


15/11/1959

Tibor Fischer, English author

Tibor Fischer is a British novelist and short-story writer. In 1993, he was selected by the literary magazine Granta as one of the 20 best young British writers, while his novel Under the Frog was featured on the Booker Prize shortlist.


15/11/1958

Lewis Fitz-Gerald, Australian actor and director

Lewis Fitz-Gerald is an Australian actor, screenwriter and television director.


Gu Kailai, Chinese lawyer and businesswoman

Gu Kailai is a Chinese former lawyer and businesswoman. She is the second wife of former Politburo member Bo Xilai, one of China's most influential politicians until he was stripped of his offices in 2012. In August 2012, Gu was convicted of murdering British businessman Neil Heywood and was given a suspended death sentence, later commuted to life imprisonment in December 2015.


Lesley Laird, British politician

Lesley Margaret Laird is a Scottish politician who served as Deputy Leader of the Scottish Labour Party from 2017 to 2019. She was Member of Parliament (MP) for Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath from 2017 to 2019, and Shadow Secretary of State for Scotland during the same period. Laird was a Member of Fife Council from 2012 to 2018 and served as the Deputy Leader of the Council.


15/11/1957

Gerry Connolly, Australian comedian and actor

Gerald William Connolly is an Australian comedian, actor, impressionist and pianist. He is best known for his satirical caricatures of public figures such as former Queen of the United Kingdom Elizabeth II, King Charles III, Margaret Thatcher, Ronald Reagan, Joh Bjelke-Petersen, Neville Wran, Malcolm Fraser, Bob Hawke, Paul Keating, John Howard, Bill Collins and Dame Joan Sutherland, among many others.


Kevin Eubanks, American guitarist and composer

Kevin Tyrone Eubanks is an American jazz and fusion guitarist and composer. He was the leader of The Tonight Show Band with host Jay Leno from 1995 to its original conclusion in 2009, and briefly again from March to May 2010 when the program was revived. He also led The Primetime Band on the short-lived The Jay Leno Show from September 2009 to February 2010.


Harold Marcuse, American historian and educator

Harold Marcuse is an American professor of modern and contemporary German history and public history. He teaches at the University of California, Santa Barbara. He is the grandson of philosopher Herbert Marcuse.


Michael Woythe, German footballer and manager

Michael Woythe is a German football manager and former player.


15/11/1956

Michael Hampton, American guitarist and producer

Michael Hampton is an American funk/rock guitarist. He is a member of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, inducted in 1997 with fifteen other members of Parliament-Funkadelic.


15/11/1955

Joe Leeway, English pop singer-songwriter and percussionist

Joseph Martin Leeway is a British musician and songwriter, who is best known as being a member of the pop band Thompson Twins, joining the band in 1981 after being one of their roadies.


15/11/1954

Kevin S. Bright, American director and producer

Kevin S. Bright is an American television executive producer and director. He is best known as the showrunner of the sitcoms Dream On and Friends.


Emma Dent Coad, British politician

Emma Dent Coad is a British architectural historian and politician who served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Kensington from 2017 to 2019. A former member of the Labour Party, she was first elected a member of Kensington and Chelsea London Borough Council for Golborne ward in 2006. She resigned her Labour membership on 27 April 2023, but remained on the local council as an independent until 2026.


Aleksander Kwaśniewski, Polish journalist and politician, 3rd President of Poland

Aleksander Kwaśniewski is a Polish politician and journalist who served as the 3rd president of Poland from 1995 to 2005.


Randy Thomas, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

Randy Thomas is an American Christian rock musician best known for being a member of the Sweet Comfort Band and Allies and co-writing "Butterfly Kisses".


Tony Thompson, American R&B, disco, and rock drummer (died 2003)

Anthony Theodore Thompson was an American session drummer best known as the drummer of the Power Station and a member of Chic.


15/11/1953

Alexander O'Neal, American R&B singer-songwriter and arranger

Alexander O'Neal is an American retired R&B singer, songwriter and arranger who rose to prominence in the mid-1980s as a solo artist, with eleven top 40 singles on the US R&B chart, three of which also reached the top 40 of the Billboard Hot 100. However, he enjoyed more mainstream success in the United Kingdom, achieving fourteen top 40 singles on the UK singles chart between 1985 and 1996, along with three top ten albums on the UK Albums Chart.


James Widdoes, American actor, director, and producer

James Landauer Widdoes, sometimes billed as Jamie Widdoes, is an American actor and television director.


15/11/1952

Rick Atkinson, American journalist, historian, and author

Lawrence Rush "Rick" Atkinson IV is an American author and journalist.


Randy Savage, American wrestler (died 2011)

Randy Mario Poffo, better known by his ring name "Macho Man" Randy Savage, was an American professional wrestler, rapper, and professional baseball player. He is best known for his time in the World Wrestling Federation and World Championship Wrestling (WCW).


15/11/1951

Beverly D'Angelo, American actress, singer, and producer

Beverly Heather D'Angelo is an American actress who starred as Ellen Griswold in the National Lampoon's Vacation films (1983–2015) and musician. She has appeared in over 60 films and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for her role as Patsy Cline in Coal Miner's Daughter (1980), and for an Emmy Award for her role as Stella Kowalski in the TV film A Streetcar Named Desire (1984). D'Angelo's other film roles include Sheila Franklin in Hair (1979) and Doris Vinyard in American History X (1998).


15/11/1950

Egon Vaupel, German lawyer and politician, 16th Mayor of Marburg

Egon Vaupel is a German politician, member of the SPD, and the mayor of Marburg 2005 - 2015.


15/11/1948

Jimmy Choo, Malaysian fashion designer[page needed]

Jimmy Choo Yeang Keat is a Malaysian fashion designer based in the United Kingdom. He co-founded Jimmy Choo Ltd, which became known for its handmade women's shoes.


Teodoro Locsin, Jr., Filipino journalist, lawyer, politician and diplomat

Teodoro "Teddy Boy" Lopez Locsin Jr. is a Filipino politician, diplomat, lawyer, and former journalist who is currently serving as the Philippine Ambassador to the United Kingdom since August 30, 2022. He previously served as the Secretary of Foreign Affairs under the Duterte administration from 2018 to 2022. He was a member of the House of Representatives from 2001 to 2010, representing the 1st district of Makati and later served as the Philippine ambassador to the United Nations from 2017 to 2018. He was the host of the editorial segment titled "Teditorial" for ANC's nightly newscast The World Tonight.


15/11/1947

Bob Dandridge, American basketball player

Robert L. Dandridge Jr. is an American former professional basketball player. Nicknamed "the Greyhound", Dandridge was a four-time NBA All-Star and two-time NBA champion, who scored 15,530 points in his career. He was elected to the Basketball Hall of Fame in 2021.


Bill Richardson, American politician and diplomat, 21st United States Ambassador to the United Nations (died 2023)

William Blaine Richardson III was an American politician, author, and diplomat who served as the 30th governor of New Mexico from 2003 to 2011. He was U.S. ambassador to the United Nations and energy secretary in the Clinton administration, a U.S. congressman, chair of the 2004 Democratic National Convention, and chair of the Democratic Governors Association (DGA).


Ken Sutcliffe, Australian journalist and sportscaster

Ken Sutcliffe is an Australian retired sporting journalist and radio and television personality, known for his association with the Nine Network.


15/11/1946

Vassilis Goumas, Greek basketball player

Vassilis Goumas was a Greek professional basketball player. During his playing career, he was nicknamed The Emperor. At the club level, Goumas was a member of the FIBA European Selection team in 1974. While at the national team level, he was the MVP of the 1973 FIBA EuroBasket Qualification Tournament, while representing the senior Greek national team. In June 1987, after Goumas had announced that the upcoming 1987–88 season would be the final season of his basketball playing career, he was honored by FIBA with a retirement farewell celebration FIBA Europe All-Star Game.


15/11/1945

Roger Donaldson, Australian director, producer, and screenwriter

Roger Lindsey Donaldson is an Australian and New Zealand film director, screenwriter, and producer. His 1977 debut film, Sleeping Dogs, is considered a landmark work of New Zealand cinema, as one of the country’s first films to attract large-scale critical and commercial success. He has subsequently directed 17 feature films, working in Hollywood and the United Kingdom, as well as his native country.


Bob Gunton, American actor and singer

Robert Patrick Gunton Jr. is an American character actor of stage and screen. He is known for playing strict authoritarian characters, including Warden Samuel Norton in the 1994 prison drama The Shawshank Redemption, Chief George Earle in 1993's Demolition Man, Dr. Walcott, the domineering dean of Virginia Medical School in Patch Adams, and Secretary of State Cyrus Vance in Argo. He also played Leland Owlsley in the Daredevil television series, Secretary of Defense Ethan Kanin in 24, and Noah Taylor in Desperate Housewives.


Anni-Frid Lyngstad, Norwegian-Swedish singer

Anni-Frid Synni Lyngstad, also known simply as Frida, is a Norwegian-born Swedish singer who is best known as one of the founding members and lead singers of the pop band ABBA. Born in Bjørkåsen, Norway, to a Norwegian mother and a German father, she grew up in Torshälla, Sweden.


15/11/1942

Daniel Barenboim, Argentinian-Israeli pianist and conductor

Daniel Moses Barenboim is an Argentinian-born classical pianist and conductor with Spanish, Israeli and Palestinian citizenship. From 1992 until January 2023, Barenboim was the general music director of the Berlin State Opera and "Staatskapellmeister" of its orchestra, the Staatskapelle Berlin.


15/11/1940

Roberto Cavalli, Italian fashion designer (died 2024)

Roberto Cavalli was an Italian fashion designer and inventor. He was known for exotic prints and for creating the sand-blasted look for jeans. The Roberto Cavalli fashion house sells luxury clothing, perfume, and leather accessories.


Ulf Pilgaard, Danish actor and screenwriter

Ulf Pilgaard was a Danish actor.


Sam Waterston, American actor

Samuel Atkinson Waterston is an American actor. Waterston is known for his work in theater, television, and film. He has received numerous accolades including a Primetime Emmy Award, Golden Globe Award, and Screen Actors Guild Award as well as nominations for an Academy Award, a Tony Award, and two BAFTA Awards. His acting career has spanned over five decades acting on stage and screen. Waterston received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2010 and was inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame in 2012.


15/11/1939

Yaphet Kotto, American actor and screenwriter (died 2021)

Yaphet Frederick Kotto was an American actor for film and television. His films include the neo-noir action thriller Across 110th Street (1972), the James Bond film Live and Let Die (1973), the science-fiction horror film Alien (1979), the science-fiction action film The Running Man (1987), and the action comedy Midnight Run (1988). He also starred in the NBC television series Homicide: Life on the Street (1993–1999) as Lieutenant Al Giardello.


Rauni-Leena Luukanen-Kilde, Finnish physician and parapsychologist (died 2015)

Rauni-Leena Tellervo Luukanen-Kilde was a Finnish physician who wrote and lectured on parapsychology, ufology, and mind control.


Enzo Staiola, Italian child actor (died 2025)

Enzo Staiola was an Italian actor, best known for playing, at the age of eight, the role of Bruno Ricci in Vittorio De Sica's neorealist 1948 film Bicycle Thieves. He appeared in several other films including, in 1954, the American-produced The Barefoot Contessa with Humphrey Bogart. As an adult he became a mathematics teacher and later also worked as a land registry clerk.


15/11/1937

Little Willie John, American singer-songwriter (died 1968)

William Edward "Little Willie" John was an American R&B singer who performed in the 1950s and early 1960s. He is best known for his successes on the record charts, with songs such as "All Around the World" (1955), "Need Your Love So Bad" (1956), "Talk to Me, Talk to Me" (1958), "Leave My Kitten Alone" (1960), "Sleep" (1960), and his number-one R&B hit "Fever" (1956).


15/11/1936

Wolf Biermann, German singer-songwriter and guitarist

Karl Wolf Biermann is a German singer-songwriter, poet, and former East German dissident. He is perhaps best known for the 1968 song "Ermutigung" and his expatriation from East Germany in 1976.


Tara Singh Hayer, Indian-Canadian journalist and publisher (died 1998)

Tara Singh Hayer was an Indian-Canadian newspaper publisher and editor who was murdered after his outspoken criticism of fundamentalist violence and terrorism. In particular, he was a key witness in the trial of the Air India Flight 182 bombing.


15/11/1935

Nera White, American basketball player (died 2016)

Nera D. White was an American basketball player. White played in the AAU national tournaments for the Nashville Business College team while completing her education at George Peabody College for Teachers, which did not field a team. Later, she led the United States national women's basketball team to their victory in the 1957 FIBA World Championship. Throughout her career, she was awarded numerous accolades, including her induction to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame and the Women's Basketball Hall of Fame. Playing at a time when there were no major professional women's basketball leagues in the U.S., White distinguished herself, receiving many accolades as one of the greatest female players in history. Talented in multiple sports, she also was distinguished as an All-World player by the Amateur Softball Association.


Mahmoud Abbas, Palestinian politician

Mahmoud Abbas, also known by the kunya Abu Mazen, is a Palestinian politician who has been serving as the second president of Palestine and the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) since 2005. He has also been the fourth chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) since 2004. Abbas is also a member of the Fatah party and was elected the party's chairman in 2009.


15/11/1934

Joanna Barnes, American actress and author (died 2022)

Joanna Barnes was an American actress and writer.


15/11/1933

Gloria Foster, American actress (died 2001)

Gloria Foster was an American actress. She had acclaimed roles in plays such as In White America and Having Our Say, winning three Obie Awards during her career. Foster played the Oracle in The Matrix (1999) and its first sequel, The Matrix Reloaded (2003). She played the role of the mother of Yusef Bell in the miniseries The Atlanta Child Murders which aired in 1985.


Theodore Roszak, American scholar and author (died 2011)

Theodore Roszak was an American academic and novelist who concluded his academic career as Professor Emeritus of history at California State University, East Bay. He is best known for his 1969 text The Making of a Counter Culture.


15/11/1932

Petula Clark, English singer-songwriter and actress

Sally "Petula" Clark is a British singer, actress, and songwriter. She started her professional career as a child performer and is still active more than 80 years later.


Clyde McPhatter, American singer (died 1972)

Clyde Lensley McPhatter was an American rhythm and blues, soul, and rock and roll singer. He was one of the most widely imitated R&B singers of the 1950s and early 1960s and was a key figure in the shaping of doo-wop and R&B.


Alvin Plantinga, American philosopher, author, and academic

Alvin Carl Plantinga is an American analytic philosopher and theologian who is a leading figure in the Reformed epistemology movement. He is the John A. O'Brien Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at the University of Notre Dame and a professor emeritus of philosophy at Calvin University.


15/11/1931

Mwai Kibaki, Kenyan economist and politician, 3rd President of Kenya (died 2022)

Emilio Stanley Mwai Kibaki was a Kenyan politician who served as the third President of Kenya from December 2002 until April 2013. He served in various leadership positions in Kenya's government including being the longest serving Member of Parliament (MP) in Kenya from 1963 to 2013. He was the fourth Vice-President of Kenya for ten years from 1978 to 1988 under President Daniel arap Moi. He also held cabinet ministerial positions in the Jomo Kenyatta and Daniel arap Moi governments, including as minister for Finance (1969–1981) under Kenyatta, and Minister for Home Affairs (1982–1988) and Minister for Health (1988–1991) under Moi. Kibaki served as an opposition Member of Parliament from 1992 to 2002. He unsuccessfully vied for the presidency in 1992 and 1997. He served as the Leader of the Official Opposition in Parliament from 1998 to 2002. Following the 2002 presidential election, he was elected as the President of Kenya. As president of Kenya, Kibaki presided over a period of significant economic growth, infrastructural development, and institutional reforms. His administration introduced free primary education in 2003, expanded access to schooling for numerous Kenyan children. Under his leadership, Kenya experienced improvements in road networks, telecommunications, and public service delivery, while the country also adopted a new constitution in 2010 that introduced far reaching political and governance reforms. However, his presidency was also marked by the disputed 2007 presidential election and the post election violence that followed, resulting in the deaths and displacement of thousands of people. Despite these challenges, Kibaki is widely regarded as one of kenya's most influential leaders due to his contributions to economic recovery, constitutional transformation, and national development.


Pascal Lissouba, Congolese politician, President of the Republic of the Congo (died 2020)

Pascal Lissouba was a Congolese politician who was the first democratically elected President of the Republic of the Congo and served from 31 August 1992 until 25 October 1997. He was overthrown by his predecessor and current president Denis Sassou Nguesso in the 1997 civil war.


15/11/1930

J. G. Ballard, English novelist, short story writer, and essayist (died 2009)

James Graham Ballard was an English novelist and short-story writer, satirist and essayist known for psychologically provocative works of fiction that explore the relations between human psychology, technology, sex and mass media. Ballard first became associated with New Wave science fiction for post-apocalyptic novels such as The Drowned World (1962). He later courted controversy with the short-story collection The Atrocity Exhibition (1970), which includes the 1968 story "Why I Want to Fuck Ronald Reagan", and later the novel Crash (1973), a story about car-crash fetishists.


Olene Walker, American lawyer and politician, 15th Governor of Utah (died 2015)

Olene Walker was an American politician who served as the 15th governor of Utah from 2003 to 2005, succeeding the governorship after Mike Leavitt's resignation.


15/11/1929

Ed Asner, American actor, singer, and producer (died 2021)

Eddie Asner was an American actor. He is most notable for portraying Lou Grant on the sitcom The Mary Tyler Moore Show (1970–1977) and drama Lou Grant (1977–1982), making him one of the few television actors to portray the same character in both a comedy and a drama.


Joe Hinton, American singer (died 1968)

Joseph Hinton was an American soul singer.


15/11/1927

Bill Rowling, New Zealand politician, 30th Prime Minister of New Zealand (died 1995)

Sir Wallace Edward Rowling was a New Zealand politician who was the 30th prime minister of New Zealand from 1974 to 1975. He held office as the leader of the Labour Party.


15/11/1926

Thomas Williams, American author and academic (died 1990)

Thomas Williams was an American novelist. He won one U.S. National Book Award for Fiction—The Hair of Harold Roux split the 1975 award with Robert Stone's Dog Soldiers—and his last published novel, The Moon Pinnace (1986), was a finalist for the National Book Critics Circle Award.


15/11/1925

Howard Baker, American lawyer, politician, and diplomat, 12th White House Chief of Staff (died 2014)

Howard Henry Baker Jr. was an American politician, diplomat and photographer who served as a United States senator from Tennessee from 1967 to 1985. During his tenure, he rose to the rank of Senate minority leader and then Senate majority leader. A member of the Republican Party, Baker was the first Republican to be elected to the U.S. Senate in Tennessee since the Reconstruction era.


15/11/1924

Gianni Ferrio, Italian composer and conductor (died 2013)

Gianni Ferrio was an Italian composer, conductor and music arranger.


15/11/1923

Văn Cao, Vietnamese composer, poet, and painter (died 1995)

Văn Cao was a Vietnamese composer whose works include Tiến Quân Ca, which became the national anthem of Vietnam. He, along with Phạm Duy and Trịnh Công Sơn, is widely considered one of the three most salient figures of 20th-century (non-classical) Vietnamese music.


Samuel Klein, Polish-Brazilian businessman and philanthropist, founded Casas Bahia (died 2014)

Samuel Klein was a Polish-Brazilian business magnate and philanthropist who founded the Casas Bahia chain of department stores in Brazil, building them into the top retailer in the country, and making him known in the 1990s as the "Sam Walton of Brazil". In 2013, Forbes ranked him 78th richest person in Brazil with a personal net worth of $835 million, while his son, Michael, was ranked 87th with $723 million.


15/11/1922

Francis Brunn, German juggler (died 2004)

Francis Brunn was a German juggler.


David Sidney Feingold, American biochemist and academic (died 2019)

David Sidney Feingold was an American biochemist.


Francesco Rosi, Italian director and screenwriter (died 2015)

Francesco Rosi was an Italian film director and screenwriter. His film The Mattei Affair won the Palme d'Or at the 1972 Cannes Film Festival. Rosi's films, especially those of the 1960s and 1970s, often appeared to have political messages, while the topics of his later films became less politically oriented and more angled toward literature. He made his debut with his first self-directed film in 1958 and continued to direct until 1997, his last film being the adaptation of Primo Levi's book, The Truce.


15/11/1920

Vasilis Diamantopoulos, Greek actor, director, and screenwriter (died 1999)

Vasilis Diamantopoulos was a Greek actor. He was one of the founders of the Modern Theater and was the first actor to appear live on Greek television in the single act play Him and his pants by Iakovos Kambanellis in 1966. His most characteristic role was that of the austere professor in Giannis Dalianidis' movie Law 4000 and later in shorts including Ekmek Ice Cream in private TV.


15/11/1919

Carol Bruce, American singer and actress (died 2007)

Carol Bruce was an American band singer, Broadway star, and film and television actress. She had the recurring part of Mama Lillian Carlson on TV's WKRP in Cincinnati.


Joseph Wapner, American judge and television personality (died 2017)

Joseph Albert Wapner was an American judge and television personality. He is best known as the first presiding judge of the reality court show The People's Court. The show's first run in syndication, with Judge Wapner presiding as judge, ran from 1981 to 1993, for 12 seasons and 2,340 episodes. Although the show's second run was presided over by multiple judges, Wapner was the sole judge to preside during the show's first incarnation. His tenure on the program made him the first jurist of arbitration-based reality court shows, which evolved into the most popular trend in the judicial genre and continues to be to the present.


15/11/1916

Nita Barrow, Barbadian nurse and politician, 7th Governor-General of Barbados (died 1995)

Dame Ruth Nita Barrow was the first female governor-general of Barbados. Barrow was a nurse and a public health servant from Barbados. She served as the fifth governor-general of Barbados from 6 June 1990 until her death on 19 December 1995. She was the older sister of Errol Barrow, the first prime minister of Barbados.


Bill Melendez, Mexican-American voice actor, animator, director, and producer (died 2008)

José Cuauhtémoc "Bill" Melendez was a Mexican-American animator, director, producer, and voice actor. Melendez was known for working on the Peanuts animated specials, as well as providing the voices of Snoopy and Woodstock. Before Peanuts, he previously worked as an animator for Walt Disney Productions, Warner Bros. Cartoons, and UPA.


15/11/1914

V. R. Krishna Iyer, Indian lawyer and judge (died 2014)

Justice Vaidyanathapuram Rama Iyer Krishna Iyer was an Indian judge who became a pioneer of judicial activism. He pioneered the legal-aid movement in the country. Before that, he was a state minister and politician.


15/11/1913

Jack Dyer, Australian footballer and coach (died 2003)

John Raymond Dyer Sr. OAM, nicknamed Captain Blood, was an Australian rules footballer who played for the Richmond Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL) between 1931 and 1949. One of the game's most prominent players, he was one of 12 inaugural "Legends" inducted into the Australian Football Hall of Fame. He later turned to coaching and work in the media as a popular broadcaster and journalist.


Arthur Haulot, Belgian journalist and poet (died 2005)

Baron Arthur Haulot was a Belgian journalist, humanist and poet who served, during World War II as an active member of the Belgian resistance. As president of the Jeunes Socialistes, he was made prisoner and taken to the Dachau concentration camp.


15/11/1912

Harald Keres, Estonian physicist and academic (died 2010)

Harald Keres was an Estonian physicist considered to be the father of the Estonian school of relativistic gravitation theory. In 1961 Keres became a member of the Estonian Academy of Sciences in the field of theoretical physics. In 1996 Keres was awarded the Order of the National Coat of Arms, Class III.


Yi Wu, Japanese-Korean colonel (died 1945)

Colonel Prince Yi U was a member of the imperial family of Korea as a prince, the 4th head of Unhyeon Palace, and a lieutenant colonel in the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. He was killed during the atomic bombing of Hiroshima.


15/11/1908

Carlo Abarth, Italian engineer and businessman, founded Abarth (died 1979)

Carlo Abarth, born Karl Albert Abarth, was an Italian automobile designer.


15/11/1907

Claus von Stauffenberg, German colonel (died 1944)

Claus Philipp Maria Justinian Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg was a German army officer who is best known for his failed attempt on 20 July 1944 to assassinate Adolf Hitler at the Wolf's Lair, part of Operation Valkyrie.


15/11/1906

Curtis LeMay, American general and politician (died 1990)

Curtis Emerson LeMay was a US Air Force general who was a key American military commander during World War II and the Cold War, including the Korean War. He served as Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force from 1961 to 1965.


15/11/1905

Mantovani, Italian conductor and composer (died 1980)

Annunzio Paolo Mantovani was an Italian British conductor, composer and light orchestra–styled entertainer with a cascading strings musical signature.


15/11/1903

Stewie Dempster, New Zealand cricketer and coach (died 1974)

Charles Stewart Dempster was a New Zealand Test cricketer and coach. As well as representing New Zealand, he also played for Wellington, Scotland, Leicestershire and Warwickshire.


15/11/1899

Avdy Andresson, Estonian-American soldier and diplomat, Estonian Minister of War (died 1990)

Avdy Andresson was the Estonian Minister of War in exile from April 3, 1973, until two months before his death on June 20, 1990, and disputed Commander of Armed Forces from 14 October 1975.


15/11/1897

Aneurin Bevan, Welsh journalist and politician, Secretary of State for Health (died 1960)

Aneurin "Nye" Bevan was a Welsh Labour Party politician, noted for spearheading the creation of the British National Health Service during his tenure as Minister of Health in Clement Attlee's government. He is also known for his wider contribution to the founding of the British welfare state. He was first elected as MP for Ebbw Vale in 1929, and used his Parliamentary platform to make a number of influential criticisms of Winston Churchill and his government during the Second World War. Before entering Parliament, Bevan was involved in miners' union politics and was a leading figure in the 1926 general strike. Bevan is widely regarded as one of the most influential left-wing politicians in British history.


Sacheverell Sitwell, English author and critic (died 1988)

Sir Sacheverell Reresby Sitwell, 6th Baronet, was an English writer, particularly on baroque architecture, and an art and music critic. Sitwell produced some 50 volumes of poetry and some 50 works on art, music, architecture, and travel.


15/11/1896

Leonard Lord, English businessman (died 1967)

Leonard Percy Lord, 1st Baron Lambury KBE was a captain of the British motor industry.


15/11/1895

Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia (died 1918)

Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia was the eldest child and daughter of the last Russian emperor, Nicholas II, and his wife Empress Alexandra Feodorovna.


Antoni Słonimski, Polish journalist, poet, and playwright (died 1976)

Antoni Słonimski was a Polish poet, artist, journalist, playwright and prose writer, president of the Union of Polish Writers in 1956–1959 during the Polish October, known for his devotion to social justice.


15/11/1892

Naomi Childers, American actress (died 1964)

Naomi Weston Childers, was an American silent film actress whose career lasted until the mid-20th century.


15/11/1891

W. Averell Harriman, American businessman and politician, 11th United States Secretary of Commerce (died 1986)

William Averell Harriman was an American politician, businessman, and scion of the wealthy Harriman family. He was a founder of Harriman & Co. which merged with the older Brown Brothers to form the Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. investment bank, served as Secretary of Commerce under President Harry S. Truman, and was the 48th governor of New York. He unsuccessfully sought the Democratic Party nomination for president in 1952 and 1956. Throughout his career, he was a key foreign policy advisor to Democratic presidents.


Erwin Rommel, German field marshal (died 1944)

Johannes Erwin Eugen Rommel, known as The Desert Fox, was a German Generalfeldmarschall during World War II. He served in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany, as well as in the Reichswehr of the Weimar Republic, and Imperial German Army of the German Empire.


15/11/1890

Richmal Crompton, English author and educator (died 1969)

Richmal Crompton Lamburn was a popular English writer, best known for her Just William series of books, humorous short stories, and to a lesser extent adult fiction books.


15/11/1888

Artie Matthews, American pianist and composer (died 1958)

Artie Matthews was an American songwriter, pianist, and ragtime composer.


15/11/1887

Marianne Moore, American poet, critic, and translator (died 1972)

Marianne Craig Moore was an American modernist poet, critic, translator, and editor. Her poetry is noted for its formal innovation, precise diction, irony, and wit.


Georgia O'Keeffe, American painter and educator (died 1986)

Georgia Totto O'Keeffe was an American modernist painter and draftswoman whose career spanned seven decades and whose work remained largely independent of major art movements. Called the "Mother of American modernism", O'Keeffe gained international recognition for her paintings of natural forms, particularly flowers, hills and desert-inspired landscapes, which were often drawn from and related to places and environments in which she lived. Although she was a figure associated with interpretations regarding feminism, she did not want to be seen as a "woman artist", she wanted to be seen as an artist.


15/11/1886

René Guénon, French-Egyptian philosopher and author (died 1951)

René Jean-Marie-Joseph Guénon, also known as Abdalwahid Yahia, was a French-Egyptian intellectual who wrote on topics ranging from esotericism, "sacred science" and "traditional studies" to symbolism and initiation.


15/11/1882

Felix Frankfurter, Austrian-American lawyer and jurist (died 1965)

Felix Frankfurter was an American jurist who served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1939 until 1962, advocating judicial restraint.


15/11/1881

Franklin Pierce Adams, American journalist and author (died 1960)

Franklin Pierce Adams was an American columnist known as Franklin P. Adams and by his initials F.P.A. Famed for his wit, he is best known for his newspaper column, "The Conning Tower", and his appearances as a regular panelist on radio's Information Please. A prolific writer of light verse, he was a member of the Algonquin Round Table of the 1920s and '30s.


15/11/1879

Lewis Stone, American actor (died 1953)

Lewis Shepard Stone was an American film actor, best known for his 29 years as a contract player at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and for his portrayal of Judge James Hardy in the studio's popular Andy Hardy film series. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor, in 1929, for his performance as Russian Count Pahlen in The Patriot (1928). Stone was also cast in seven films with Greta Garbo, including Grand Hotel (1932) in which he portrayed Doctor Otternschlag.


15/11/1874

Dimitrios Golemis, Greek runner (died 1941)

Dimitrios P. Golemis was a Greek athlete. He competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens.


August Krogh, Danish zoologist and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1949)

Schack August Steenberg Krogh was a Danish professor at the department of zoophysiology at the University of Copenhagen from 1916 to 1945. He contributed a number of fundamental discoveries within several fields of physiology, and is famous for developing Krogh's principle.


15/11/1873

Sara Josephine Baker, American physician and academic (died 1945)

Sara Josephine Baker was an American physician notable for making contributions to public health, especially in the immigrant communities of New York City. Her fight against the damage that widespread urban poverty and ignorance caused to children, especially newborns, is perhaps her most lasting legacy. In 1917, she noted that babies born in the United States faced a higher mortality rate than soldiers fighting in World War I, drawing a great deal of attention to her cause. She also is known for (twice) tracking down Mary Mallon, better known as Typhoid Mary.


15/11/1868

Emil Racoviță, Romanian biologist, zoologist, and explorer (died 1947)

Emil Gheorghe Racoviță was a Romanian biologist, zoologist, speleologist, and Antarctic explorer.


15/11/1867

Emil Krebs, German polyglot (died 1930)

Emil Krebs was a German polyglot and sinologist. He was reportedly able to speak and write 68 languages and studied 120 other languages.


15/11/1866

Cornelia Sorabji, Indian lawyer, social reformer and writer (died 1954)

Cornelia Sorabji was an Indian lawyer, social reformer and writer. She was the first female graduate from Bombay University, and the first woman to study law at Oxford University. Returning to India after her studies at Oxford, Sorabji became involved in social and advisory work on behalf of the purdahnashins, women who were forbidden to communicate with the outside male world, but she was unable to defend them in court since, as a woman, she did not hold professional standing in the Indian legal system. Hoping to remedy this, Sorabji presented herself for the LLB examination of Bombay University in 1897 and the pleader's examination of Allahabad High Court in 1899. She became the first female advocate in India but would not be recognised as a barrister until the law which barred women from practising was changed in 1923.


15/11/1865

John Earle, Australian politician, 22nd Premier of Tasmania (died 1932)

John Earle was an Australian politician who served as Premier of Tasmania from 1914 to 1916 and also for one week in October 1909. He later served as a Senator for Tasmania from 1917 to 1923. Prior to entering politics, he worked as a miner and prospector. He began his career in the Australian Labor Party (ALP), helping to establish a local branch of the party, and was Tasmania's first ALP premier. However, he was expelled from the party during the 1916 split and joined the Nationalists, whom he represented in the Senate.


15/11/1862

Gerhart Hauptmann, German novelist, poet, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1946)

Gerhart Johann Robert Hauptmann was a German dramatist and novelist. He is counted among the most important promoters of literary naturalism, though he integrated other styles into his work as well. He received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1912.


15/11/1859

Christopher Hornsrud, Norwegian businessman and politician, 11th Prime Minister of Norway (died 1960)

Christopher Andersen Hornsrud was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party. He served as leader of the Labour Party from 1903 to 1906 and became a member of the Storting in 1912. In 1928, he became the first Norwegian prime minister from the Labour Party and served as the 18th prime minister of Norway, but the cabinet had a weak parliamentary basis and was only in office for three weeks from January to February. He combined the post of prime minister with that of minister of Finance. After resigning he became vice-president of the Storting, a position he held until 1934.


15/11/1852

Tewfik Pasha, Egyptian ruler (died 1892)

Mohamed Tewfik Pasha, also known as Tawfiq of Egypt, was khedive of Egypt and the Sudan between 1879 and 1892 and the sixth ruler from the Muhammad Ali Dynasty. He inherited a state suffering under the financial and political mismanagement of his predecessor Isma'il. Disaffection in the Egyptian army as well as Anglo-French control of the state in the 1880s culminated in the anti-foreign Urabi revolt. Tewfik also took interest in matters concerning irrigation, education and justice; as well as selling his father's female slaves and closing the court's harem quarters.


15/11/1849

Mary E. Byrd, American astronomer and educator (died 1934)

Mary Emma Byrd was an American astronomer and educator. She is considered a pioneer astronomy teacher at college level. She was also an astronomer in her own right, determining cometary positions by photography.


15/11/1793

Michel Chasles, French mathematician and academic (died 1880)

Michel Floréal Chasles was a French mathematician.


15/11/1791

Friedrich Ernst Scheller, German lawyer, jurist, and politician (died 1869)

Friedrich Ernst Scheller was a German jurist and politician. He served as a member of the Frankfurt Parliament.


15/11/1784

Jérôme Bonaparte, French husband of Catharina of Württemberg (died 1860)

Jérôme Bonaparte was the youngest brother of Napoleon I who reigned as Jérôme Napoleon I, King of Westphalia, between 1807 and 1813.


15/11/1776

José Joaquín Fernández de Lizardi, Mexican journalist and author (died 1827)

José Joaquín Eugenio Fernández de Lizardi Gutiérrez, commonly known as José Joaquín Fernández de Lizardi, was a Mexican writer, journalist, and political thinker known for his pioneering role in Latin American literature and early journalism in the 19th century. He is widely recognized as one of the first novelists in the Americas, particularly for his novel El Periquillo Sarniento, which began publication in 1816 and is considered the first novel written and published in Latin America. The work blends satire, moral commentary, and social criticism in a narrative influenced by the Enlightenment ideals of reason and reform. Lizardi lived through the final years of New Spain and the early stages of Mexican independence. A proponent of liberalism and freedom of the press, he used literature and journalism as vehicles for advocating educational reform, denouncing corruption, and challenging authoritarianism and social inequality. In 1812, taking advantage of press freedoms briefly granted under the Constitution of Cádiz. Through this outlet, he published critiques of colonial administration and clericalism, which led to repeated episodes of censorship and even imprisonment. Despite political pressures, Fernández de Lizardi remained committed to intellectual freedom, using his writing as a tool for public engagement and reform. His legacy endures in Mexican literature and political thought as a forerunner of critical journalism and liberal values in early 19th-century Mexico.


15/11/1757

Heinrich Christian Friedrich Schumacher, Danish surgeon, botanist, and academic (died 1830)

Heinrich Christian Friedrich Schumacher was a Danish surgeon, botanist and professor of anatomy at the University of Copenhagen. Schumacher carried out significant research work in malacology, in other words on molluscs, and described several taxa.


15/11/1746

Joseph Quesnel, French-Canadian poet, playwright, and composer (died 1809)

Joseph Quesnel was a French Canadian composer, poet and playwright. Among his works were two operas, Colas et Colinette and Lucas et Cécile; the former is considered to be the first Canadian opera and probably of North America.


15/11/1741

Johann Kaspar Lavater, Swiss poet and physiognomist (died 1801)

Johann Kaspar Lavater was a Swiss poet, writer, philosopher, physiognomist and Reformed theologian.


15/11/1738

William Herschel, German-English astronomer and composer (died 1822)

Frederick William Herschel was a German–British astronomer and composer. He frequently collaborated with his younger sister and fellow astronomer Caroline Herschel. Born in the Electorate of Hanover, he followed his father into the military band of Hanover, before emigrating to Britain in 1757 at the age of 19.


15/11/1708

William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham, English politician, Prime Minister of Great Britain (died 1778)

William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham was a British Whig statesman who served as Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1766 to 1768. Historians call him "Chatham" or "Pitt the Elder" to distinguish him from his son William Pitt the Younger, who also served as prime minister. Pitt was also known as "the Great Commoner" because of his long-standing refusal to accept a title until 1766.


15/11/1692

Eusebius Amort, German poet and theologian (died 1775)

Eusebius Amort was a German Roman Catholic theologian.


15/11/1661

Christoph von Graffenried, Swiss-American settler and author (died 1743)

Christoph von Graffenried, 1st Baron of Bernberg was a Swiss nobleman and explorer who was one of the founders of New Bern, North Carolina. Born in Worb Castle in the Canton of Bern, he played a major role in the colonisation of North America by German and Swiss settlers. In c. 1716, von Graffenried published a memoir entitled Relation of My American Project, which recounted his life in both Switzerland and North America.


15/11/1660

Hermann von der Hardt, German historian and orientalist (died 1746)

Hermann von der Hardt was a German historian and orientalist.


15/11/1607

Madeleine de Scudéry, French author (died 1701)

Madeleine de Scudéry, often known simply as Mademoiselle de Scudéry, was a French writer.


15/11/1556

Jacques Davy Duperron, French cardinal (died 1618)

Jacques Davy Duperron was a French politician and Roman Catholic cardinal.


15/11/1511

Johannes Secundus, Dutch poet and author (died 1536)

Johannes Secundus was a Neo-Latin poet of Dutch nationality.


15/11/1498

Eleanor of Austria, queen of Portugal and France (died 1558)

Eleanor of Austria, also called Eleanor of Castile, was Queen of Portugal from 1518 to 1521 as the wife of King Manuel I and Queen of France from 1530 to 1547 as the wife of King Francis I. She also held the Duchy of Touraine (1547–1558) in dower. She is called "Leonor" in Spanish and Portuguese and "Éléonore" or "Aliénor" in French. She was the eldest child of Duke Philip of Burgundy and Queen Joanna of Castile, and the elder sister of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, and her life was dominated by her role in the international dynastic politics of the period.


15/11/1397

Nicholas V, pope of the Catholic Church (died 1455)

Pope Nicholas V, born Tommaso Parentucelli, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 6 March 1447 until his death in March 1455. Pope Eugene IV made him a cardinal in 1446 after successful trips to Italy and Germany, and when Eugene died the next year, Parentucelli was elected in his place. He took his name Nicholas in memory of his obligations to Niccolò Albergati. He remains the most recent pope to take the pontifical name "Nicholas".


15/11/1316

John I, king of France and Navarre (died 1316)

John I, called the Posthumous, was the King of France and Navarre, as the posthumous son and successor of Louis X, for the four days he lived in 1316. He is the youngest person to be king of France, the only one to have been king from birth, and the only one to hold the title for his entire life. His reign is the shortest of any undisputed French king. Although considered as a king today, his status was not recognized until chroniclers and historians in later centuries began numbering John II, thereby acknowledging John I's brief reign.


15/11/0459

Bʼutz Aj Sak Chiik, Mayan king (died 501)

Bʼutz Aj Sak Chiik, also known as Manik,, was an ajaw of the Maya city of Palenque. He took the throne on July 28, 487, reigning until 501. He was likely the brother of Ahkal Moʼ Nahb I.


Lives Remembered on 15th November

On 15th November, 120 remarkable people passed away — from -165 to 2024. Remember the lives and legacies of those we lost on this day.

15/11/2024

Celeste Caeiro, Portuguese pacifist (born 1933)

Celeste Martins Caeiro, also known as Celeste dos Cravos, was a Portuguese communist and restaurant worker. Her actions led to the naming of the 1974 coup as the Carnation Revolution.


Béla Károlyi, Romanian-American gymnastics coach (born 1942)

Béla Károlyi was a Romanian and American gymnastics coach of Hungarian descent. Early in his coaching career he developed the Romanian centralized training system for gymnastics. One of his earliest protégés was Nadia Comăneci, the first Olympic Games gymnast to be awarded a perfect score. Living under the dictatorship of Nicolae Ceaușescu, Károlyi frequently clashed with Romanian officials. He and his wife defected to the United States in 1981.


Jon Kenny, Irish comedian and actor (born 1957)

Jon Kenny was an Irish comedian and actor, best known as one half of the Irish comic duo D'Unbelievables with Pat Shortt. They were a successful duo until 2000, releasing One Hell of a Video, D'Unbelievables, D'Video, D'Telly, D'Mother and D'collection but the group stopped touring after Kenny was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.


Yuriko, Princess Mikasa, Japanese princess (born 1923)

Yuriko, Princess Mikasa was a member of the Imperial House of Japan as the wife of Takahito, Prince Mikasa, the fourth son of Emperor Taishō and Empress Teimei. The Princess was the last surviving paternal great-aunt by marriage of Emperor Naruhito and, before her death, was the oldest member of the imperial family, and the final living member who was born in the Taishō era.


15/11/2023

Žarko Laušević, Serbian actor (born 1960)

Žarko Laušević was a Serbian actor. He became a leading actor early in his career. By the age of 33, he was a major star across the former Yugoslavia on both stage and screen.


15/11/2017

Lil Peep, American singer and rapper (born 1996)

Gustav Elijah Åhr, known professionally as Lil Peep, was an American rapper and singer-songwriter. He was a member of the hip-hop collective GothBoiClique, and is credited as being a leading figure of the emo rap sub-genre, and an inspiration in alternative youth subcultures.


15/11/2016

Mose Allison, American pianist and songwriter (born 1927)

Mose John Allison Jr. was an American jazz and blues pianist, singer, and songwriter. He became notable for playing a unique mix of blues and modern jazz, both singing and playing piano. After moving to New York in 1956, he worked primarily in jazz settings, playing with jazz musicians like Stan Getz, Al Cohn, and Zoot Sims, along with producing numerous recordings.


15/11/2015

Gisèle Prassinos, French author (born 1920)

Gisèle Prassinos was a French writer associated with the surrealist movement.


Herbert Scarf, American economist and academic (born 1930)

Herbert Eli "Herb" Scarf was an American mathematical economist and Sterling Professor of Economics at Yale University.


Saeed Jaffrey, Indian-British actor (born 1929)

Saeed Jaffrey was a British-Indian actor. His career covered film, radio, stage and television roles over six decades and more than 150 British, American, and Indian movies. During the 1980s and 1990s, he was considered to be Britain's highest-profile Asian actor, thanks to his leading roles in the film My Beautiful Laundrette (1985) and television series The Jewel in the Crown (1984), Tandoori Nights (1985–1987) and Little Napoleons (1994). He played an instrumental part in bringing together filmmakers James Ivory and Ismail Merchant, and acted in several of their Merchant Ivory Productions films such as The Guru (1969), Hullabaloo Over Georgie and Bonnie's Pictures (1978), The Courtesans of Bombay (1983) and The Deceivers (1988).


15/11/2014

Jack Bridger Chalker, English painter and academic (born 1918)

Jack Bridger Chalker, was a British artist and teacher best known for his work recording the lives of the prisoners of war building the Burma Railway during World War II.


Lucien Clergue, French photographer and educator (born 1934)

Lucien Clergue was a French photographer. He was Chairman of the Academy of Fine Arts, Paris for 2013.


Valéry Mézague, Cameroonian footballer (born 1983)

Valéry Mézague was a Cameroonian professional footballer who played as a midfielder.


Reg Withers, Australian soldier and politician, Australian Minister for the Capital Territory (born 1924)

Reginald Greive Withers was an Australian politician and lawyer. He was a member of the Liberal Party and served as a Senator for Western Australia for nearly 20 years. He was a cabinet minister in the Fraser government and later served as Lord Mayor of Perth.


15/11/2013

Sheila Matthews Allen, American actress and producer (born 1929)

Sheila Mathews Allen was an American actress and producer.


Glafcos Clerides, Cypriot lawyer and politician, 4th President of Cyprus (born 1919)

Glafcos Ioannou Clerides was a Cypriot statesman who served as President of Cyprus in 1974 and from 1993 to 2003.


Mike McCormack, American football player and coach (born 1930)

Michael Joseph McCormack Jr. was an American professional football player, coach, and executive in the National Football League (NFL). He played as an offensive tackle with the Cleveland Browns from 1954 through 1962 and served as head coach of the Philadelphia Eagles, Baltimore Colts, and Seattle Seahawks. He was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1984.


15/11/2012

Théophile Abega, Cameroonian footballer and politician (born 1954)

Théophile Abega Mbida, nicknamed Doctor, was a Cameroonian football player and politician. Playing as a midfielder he was part of the Cameroon national team, playing all three matches at the 1982 FIFA World Cup and captaining the side to their first African Nations Cup victory in 1984, where he scored a goal in the final. He was nicknamed "The Doctor" in tribute to his footballing intelligence.


Luís Carreira, Portuguese motorcycle racer (born 1976)

Luis Filipe de Sousa Carreira was a Portuguese motorcycle road racer. He died on 15 November 2012 after an accident during qualifying in the 2012 Macau Motorcycle Grand Prix.


Maleli Kunavore, Fijian rugby player (born 1983)

Maleli Kunavore was a Fijian rugby union footballer.


K. C. Pant, Indian politician, 18th Indian Minister of Defence (born 1931)

Krishna Chandra Pant was a Member of Parliament for 26 years and was the prime minister's interlocutor on Kashmir. He was a cabinet minister in the Government of India and held several constitutional positions over a period of 37 years. Pant had held the positions of Minister for Defence, Minister of state for Home Affairs, Minister of Steel and Heavy Engineering, Finance, Atomic Energy and Science and Technology. He was the first chairman of the Advisory Board on Energy, chairman of the 10th Finance Commission and the deputy chairman of the Planning Commission of India, the economic planning body of India; his Vision 2020 document was published as India's Development Scenario, Next Decade and Beyond.


Frode Thingnæs, Norwegian trombonist, composer, and conductor (born 1940)

Frode Thingnæs was a Norwegian jazz composer, arranger, conductor and trombone player who formed the Frode Thingnæs Quintet in 1960.


15/11/2011

Oba Chandler, American murderer (born 1946)

Oba Chandler Jr. was an American mass murderer, rapist, robber, and fraudster who was convicted and executed for the June 1989 murders of the Rogers family, consisting of Joan Rogers and her two teenage daughters Michelle and Christe, whose bodies were found floating in Tampa Bay, Florida, with their hands and feet bound. Autopsies showed the victims had been thrown into the water while still alive, with ropes tied to a concrete block around their necks. The case became high-profile in 1992 when local police posted billboards bearing enlarged images of the suspect's handwriting recovered from a pamphlet in the victims' car. Chandler was identified as the killer when his neighbor recognized the handwriting.


15/11/2010

Larry Evans, American chess player and journalist (born 1932)

Larry Melvyn Evans was an American chess player, author, and journalist who received the FIDE title of Grandmaster (GM) in 1957. He won or shared the U.S. Chess Championship five times and the U.S. Open Chess Championship four times. He wrote a long-running syndicated chess column and wrote or co-wrote more than twenty books on chess.


Ed Kirkpatrick, American baseball player (born 1944)

Edgar Leon Kirkpatrick was an American professional baseball outfielder and catcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1962 through 1977 for the Los Angeles / California Angels, Kansas City Royals, Pittsburgh Pirates, Texas Rangers, and Milwaukee Brewers.


William Edwin Self, American actor, director, and producer (born 1921)

William Edwin Self was an American television and film producer who began his career as an actor.


15/11/2009

Serbian Patriarch Pavle II (born 1914)

Pavle was the 44rd Patriarch of the Serbian Orthodox Church, serving from 1990 to 2009.


15/11/2008

Grace Hartigan, American painter (born 1922)

Grace Hartigan was an American abstract expressionist painter and a significant member of the vibrant New York School of the 1950s and 1960s. Her circle of friends, who frequently inspired one another in their artistic endeavors, included Jackson Pollock, Larry Rivers, Helen Frankenthaler, Willem and Elaine de Kooning and Frank O'Hara. Her paintings are held by numerous major institutions, including the Museum of Modern Art in New York City. As director of the Maryland Institute College of Art's Hoffberger School of Painting, she influenced numerous young artists.


15/11/2007

Joe Nuxhall, American baseball player and sportscaster (born 1928)

Joseph Henry Nuxhall was an American left-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball, best remembered for having been the youngest player ever to appear in a Major League game and for spending 40 years as a Cincinnati Reds broadcaster.


15/11/2006

David K. Wyatt, American historian and author (born 1937)

David Kent Wyatt was an American historian and author who studied Thailand. He taught at Cornell University from 1969 to 2002, and also served as Chair of the Cornell University Department of History and as the president of the Association for Asian Studies in 1993. His book Thailand: A Short History has become a standard text on Thai history in the English language.


15/11/2005

Adrian Rogers, American pastor and author (born 1931)

Adrian Pierce Rogers was an American Baptist pastor and author. He served three terms as president of the Southern Baptist Convention.


Arto Salminen, Finnish journalist and author (born 1959)

Arto Salminen was a Finnish writer known for his social commentary.


15/11/2004

Elmer L. Andersen, American businessman and politician, 30th Governor of Minnesota (born 1909)

Elmer Lee Andersen was an American businessman, philanthropist, and politician who built a successful business career with the H. B. Fuller Company. Andersen was most notably the 30th governor of Minnesota. A self-described progressive Republican, he was a well-regarded politician who passed many social and environmental regulations during his time as governor.


John Morgan, Welsh-Canadian actor and screenwriter (born 1930)

John Morgan was a Welsh-born Canadian comedian.


15/11/2003

Ray Lewis, Canadian runner (born 1910)

Raymond Gray Lewis, CM was a Canadian track and field athlete, and the first Canadian-born black Olympic medalist.


Dorothy Loudon, American actress and singer (born 1925)

Dorothy Loudon was an American actress and singer. She won the Tony Award for Best Lead Actress in a Musical in 1977 for her performance as Miss Hannigan in Annie. Loudon was also nominated for Tony Awards for her lead performances in the musicals The Fig Leaves Are Falling and Ballroom, as well as a Golden Globe award for her appearances on The Garry Moore Show.


Laurence Tisch, American businessman, co-founded the Loews Corporation (born 1923)

Laurence Alan Tisch was an American billionaire businessman and investor. He was the CEO of CBS television network from 1986 to 1995. With his brother Bob Tisch, he was part owner of Loews Corporation.


Speedy West, American guitarist and producer (born 1924)

Wesley Webb West, better known as Speedy West, was an American pedal steel guitarist and record producer. He frequently played with Jimmy Bryant, both in their own duo and as part of the regular Capitol Records backing band for Tennessee Ernie Ford and many others. The duo also recorded with non-Capitol artists in Los Angeles. In 1960, Speedy played on and produced Loretta Lynn's first single. During his time at Capitol, he played on over 6000 recordings, including pop records by artists like Frank Sinatra and Bing Crosby. West, who began playing Paul Bigsby's second ever pedal steel guitar in 1947, was the first country steel guitarist to use a pedal guitar. Nashville players like Bud Isaacs would adopt it in the early 1950s. After a stroke in 1981, West was unable to play pedal steel, but would continue to attend steel guitar conventions.


15/11/2000

Edoardo Agnelli, son of industrialist Gianni Agnelli (born 1954)

Edoardo Agnelli, also known as Mahdi Agnelli, was the eldest child and only son of Gianni Agnelli, the industrialist patriarch of Fiat S.p.A., and of Marella Agnelli, who was born Donna Marella Caracciolo di Castagneto. He converted to Islam when he was living in New York City, and changed his name; he ultimately converted to Shia Islam in the 90s. In mid-November 2000, he was found dead under a bridge on the outskirts of Turin.


15/11/1998

Stokely Carmichael, Trinidadian-American activist (born 1941)

Kwame Ture was a Trinidadian and American activist who played a major role in the civil rights movement in the United States and the global pan-African movement. Born in Trinidad and Tobago, he moved to the United States at age 11 and became an activist while attending the Bronx High School of Science. Ture was a key leader in the development of the Black Power movement, first while leading the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), then as the "Honorary Prime Minister" of the Black Panther Party and as a leader of the All-African People's Revolutionary Party (A-APRP).


Ludvík Daněk, Czech discus thrower (born 1937)

Ludvík Daněk was a Czechoslovak discus thrower, who won the gold medal at the 1972 Olympic Games with a throw of 64.40 m.


15/11/1997

Saul Chaplin, American director and composer (born 1912)

Saul Chaplin was an American composer and musical director.


15/11/1996

Alger Hiss, American lawyer and diplomat (born 1904)

Alger Hiss was an American government official who, in 1948, was accused of spying for the Soviet Union in the 1930s. The statute of limitations had expired for espionage, but he was convicted of perjury in connection with this charge in 1950. Before the trial, Hiss was involved in the establishment of the United Nations, both as a U.S. State Department official and as a UN official. In later life, he worked as a lecturer and author.


15/11/1994

Elizabeth George Speare, American author (born 1908)

Elizabeth George Speare was an American writer of children's historical fiction, including two Newbery Medal winners, recognizing the year's "most distinguished contribution to American literature for children". In 1989 she received the Children's Literature Legacy Award for her contributions to American children's literature and one of the Educational Paperback Association's top 100 authors.


15/11/1988

Billo Frómeta, Dominican conductor and composer (born 1915)

Luis María Frómeta Pereyra most known as Billo Frómeta was a Dominican-Venezuelan orchestra conductor, arranger and composer. Billo's compositions achieve international fame, and those dedicated to Caracas, where he married several times and raised a family, made him the most beloved of composers. He always included Dominican Merengue and mangulinas in his recordings.


Ieronymos I of Athens, Greek archbishop and theologian (born 1905)

Ieronymos I was a Greek monk and theologian, who served as the Archbishop of Athens and All Greece and as such the primate of the Autocephalous Orthodox Church of Greece in 1967–1973, during the Greek military junta of 1967–1974.


15/11/1985

Méret Oppenheim, German-Swiss painter, photographer, and poet (born 1913)

Meret Elisabeth Oppenheim was a German-born Swiss Surrealist artist and photographer.


15/11/1984

Baby Fae, American infant, who received baboon heart (born 1984)

Stephanie Fae Beauclair, better known as Baby Fae, was an American infant born in 1984 with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. On October 26, 1984, she became the first infant subject of a xenotransplant procedure and the first successful infant heart transplant, receiving the heart of a baboon. Though she died on November 15, within a month of the procedure, she lived weeks longer than any previous recipient of a non-human heart.


15/11/1983

John Grimaldi, English keyboard player and songwriter (born 1955)

John Grimaldi was a British musician, songwriter, and visual artist. He was born in St Albans, Hertfordshire, England. Grimaldi was educated at St Albans School, where he developed his songwriting, electric jazz, and visual art. His career was focused on jazz, although he played in other genres. Grimaldi formed several bands and wrote and performed until his death from multiple sclerosis in 1983.


Charlie Grimm, American baseball player and manager (born 1898)

Charles John Grimm, nicknamed "Jolly Cholly", was an American professional baseball player and manager. He played in Major League Baseball as a first baseman, most notably for the Chicago Cubs; he was also a sometime radio sports commentator, and a popular goodwill ambassador for baseball. He played for the Pittsburgh Pirates early in his career, but was traded to the Cubs in 1925 and worked mostly for the Cubs for the rest of his career. Born in St. Louis, Missouri, to parents of German extraction, Grimm was known for being outgoing and chatty, even singing old-fashioned songs while accompanying himself on a left-handed banjo. Grimm is one of a select few to have played and managed in 2,000 games each.


John Le Mesurier, English actor (born 1912)

John Le Mesurier was an English actor. He is probably best remembered for his comedic role as Sergeant Arthur Wilson in the BBC television situation comedy Dad's Army (1968–1977). A self-confessed "jobbing actor", Le Mesurier appeared in more than 120 films across a range of genres, normally in smaller supporting parts.


15/11/1982

Vinoba Bhave, Indian philosopher and Gandhian, Bharat Ratna Awardee (born 1895)

Vinayak Narahar Bhave, also known as Vinoba Bhave, was an Indian philosopher and an advocate of nonviolence and human rights. Often called Acharya, he is best known for the Bhoodan land reform movement, and is considered as the spiritual successor of Mahatma Gandhi.


Martín de Álzaga, Argentinian race car driver (born 1901)

Martín Máximo Pablo de Álzaga Unzué was an Argentine racing driver and playboy.


15/11/1981

Steve Macko, American baseball player and coach (born 1954)

Steven Joseph Macko was an American professional baseball player, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago Cubs. Macko played three infield positions in 25 games during the 1979 and 1980 seasons. His rising baseball career ended when he died as a result of testicular cancer in November 1981.


Enid Markey, American actress (born 1894)

Enid Markey was an American theatre, film, radio, and television actress, whose career spanned over 50 years, extending from the early 1900s to the late 1960s. In movies, she was the first performer to portray the fictional character Jane, Tarzan's "jungle" companion and later his wife. Markey performed as Jane twice in 1918, costarring with Elmo Lincoln in the films Tarzan of The Apes and The Romance of Tarzan.


Khawar Rizvi, Pakistani poet and scholar (born 1938)

Khawar Rizvi was a Pakistani poet and scholar of Urdu and Persian. Born Syed Sibte Hassan Rizvi, he used the pen name "Khawar"—which means "The East" in Persian—for his poetry and essays.


15/11/1980

Bill Lee, American actor and singer (born 1916)

William Lee was an American playback singer who provided a voice or singing voice in many films, for actors in musicals and for many Disney characters.


15/11/1978

Margaret Mead, American anthropologist and author (born 1901)

Margaret Mead was an American cultural anthropologist, author and speaker, who appeared frequently in the mass media during the mid-twentieth century.


15/11/1976

Jean Gabin, French actor, singer, and producer (born 1904)

Jean Gabin Alexis Moncorgé, known as Jean Gabin, was a French actor and singer. Considered a key figure in French cinema, he starred in several classic films, including Pépé le Moko (1937), La grande illusion (1937), Le Quai des brumes (1938), La bête humaine (1938), Le jour se lève (1939), and Le plaisir (1952). During his career, he twice won the Silver Bear for Best Actor from the Berlin International Film Festival and the Volpi Cup for Best Actor from the Venice Film Festival, respectively. Gabin was made a member of the Légion d'honneur in recognition of the important role he played in French cinema.


15/11/1971

Rudolf Abel, English-Russian colonel (born 1903)

William August Fisher, better known by the alias Rudolf Ivanovich Abel, was a Soviet intelligence officer. He adopted his alias to alert his Soviet KGB handlers when he was arrested in the USA on charges of espionage by the FBI in 1957.


15/11/1970

Konstantinos Tsaldaris, Egyptian-Greek politician (born 1884)

Konstantinos Tsaldaris was a Greek politician and twice Prime Minister of Greece.


15/11/1967

Michael J. Adams, American soldier, pilot, and astronaut (born 1930)

Michael James Adams was an American aviator, aeronautical engineer, and USAF astronaut. He was one of twelve pilots who flew the North American X-15, an experimental spaceplane jointly operated by the Air Force and NASA.


15/11/1966

Dimitrios Tofalos, Greek weightlifter and wrestler (born 1877)

Dimitrios Tofalos was a Greek weightlifter. He was a member of both Gymnastiki Etaireia Patron and Panachaikos Gymnastikos syllogos, that merged in 1923 to become Panachaiki Gymnastiki Enosi. Arguably the greatest weightlifter of the early 20th century, he won the gold medal in the 1906 Intercalated Games, setting a world record that lasted until 1914. Dimitrios Tofalos Arena is named after him.


William Zorach, Lithuanian-American sculptor and painter (born 1887)

William Zorach was an American sculptor, painter, printmaker, and writer. He won the Logan Medal of the Arts in 1927. He was at the forefront of American artists embracing cubism.


15/11/1963

Fritz Reiner, Hungarian-American conductor (born 1888)

Frederick Martin Reiner was an American conductor of opera and symphonic music in the twentieth century. Hungarian born and trained, he emigrated to the United States in 1922, where he rose to prominence as a conductor with several orchestras. He reached the pinnacle of his career while music director of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra in the 1950s and early 1960s.


15/11/1961

Elsie Ferguson, American actress (born 1883)

Elsie Louise Ferguson was an American stage and film actress. Seen by some as an early feminist, she promoted suffrage, which she discussed in interviews, and supported animal rights.


Johanna Westerdijk, Dutch pathologist and academic (born 1883)

Johanna Westerdijk was a Dutch plant pathologist and the first female professor in the Netherlands.


15/11/1960

Robert Raymond Cook, Canadian murderer (born 1937)

Robert Raymond Cook was a Canadian mass murderer who was convicted of killing his father, Raymond Cook, in Stettler, Alberta, on June 25, 1959. Robert killed his entire family at their home in Stettler, albeit he only stood trial for killing his father. He was found guilty of murder and sentenced to death.


15/11/1959

Charles Thomson Rees Wilson, Scottish physicist and meteorologist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1869)

Charles Thomson Rees Wilson was a British meteorologist and physicist who shared the 1927 Nobel Prize in Physics with Arthur Compton for his invention of the cloud chamber.


15/11/1958

Tyrone Power, American actor, singer, and producer (born 1914)

Tyrone Edmund Power III was an American actor. From the 1930s to the 1950s, Power appeared in dozens of films, often in swashbuckler roles or romantic leads. His better-known films include Jesse James, The Mark of Zorro, Marie Antoinette, Blood and Sand, The Black Swan, Prince of Foxes, Witness for the Prosecution, The Black Rose, and Captain from Castile. Power's own favorite film among those in which he starred was Nightmare Alley.


15/11/1956

Emma Richter, German paleontologist (born 1888)

Emma Richter was a German paleontologist. She is best known for her work concerning Trilobites. She was an honorary member of the Paleontological Society of America and received an honorary doctorate from the University of Tübingen.


15/11/1954

Lionel Barrymore, American actor, singer, director, and screenwriter (born 1878)

Lionel Barrymore was an American actor of stage, screen and radio as well as a film director. He won an Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance in A Free Soul (1931) and is known to modern audiences for the role of villainous Mr. Potter in Frank Capra's 1946 film It's a Wonderful Life.


15/11/1951

Frank Weston Benson, American painter and educator (born 1862)

Frank Weston Benson, frequently referred to as Frank W. Benson, was an American artist from Salem, Massachusetts, known for his Realistic portraits, American Impressionist paintings, watercolors and etchings. He began his career painting portraits of distinguished families and murals for the Library of Congress. Some of his best known paintings depict his daughters outdoors at Benson's summer home, Wooster Farm, on the island of North Haven, Maine. He also produced numerous oil, wash and watercolor paintings and etchings of wildfowl and landscapes.


15/11/1949

Narayan Apte, Indian activist, assassin of Mahatma Gandhi (born 1911)

Narayan Dattatraya Apte was an Indian assassin and recruiting officer for the Royal Indian Air Force. He was executed by hanging for planning the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi.


Nathuram Godse, Indian assassin of Mahatma Gandhi (born 1910)

Nathuram Vinayak Godse IPA: [nət̪ʰuɾam ʋinajək ɡoɖse] was an Indian Hindu nationalist and political activist who assassinated Mahatma Gandhi. He shot Gandhi in the chest three times at point blank range at a multi-faith prayer meeting in Birla House in New Delhi on 30 January 1948.


15/11/1945

Frank Chapman, American ornithologist and photographer (born 1864)

Frank Michler Chapman was an American ornithologist and pioneering writer of field guides.


15/11/1942

Annemarie Schwarzenbach, Swiss author and photographer (born 1908)

Annemarie Minna Renée Schwarzenbach was a Swiss writer, journalist and photographer. Her bisexual mother brought her up in a masculine style, and her androgynous image suited the bohemian Berlin society of the time, in which she indulged enthusiastically. Her anti-fascist campaigning forced her into exile, where she became close to the family of novelist Thomas Mann. She would live much of her life abroad as a photo-journalist, embarking on many lesbian relationships, and experiencing a growing morphine addiction. In America, the young Carson McCullers was infatuated with Schwarzenbach, to whom she dedicated Reflections in a Golden Eye. Schwarzenbach reported on the early events of World War II, but died of a head injury, following a fall.


15/11/1941

Wal Handley, English motorcycle racer (born 1902)

Walter Leslie Handley born in Aston, Birmingham, known as Wal Handley, was a champion British inter-war motorcycle racer with four wins at the Isle of Man TT Races in his career. Later he also raced cars in the 1930s and died in a World War II aircraft accident while serving as pilot with the Air Transport Auxiliary.


15/11/1922

Dimitrios Gounaris, Greek lawyer and politician, 94th Prime Minister of Greece (born 1866)

Dimitrios Gounaris was a Greek politician who served as the prime minister of Greece from 25 February to 10 August 1915 and 26 March 1921 to 3 May 1922. The leader of the People's Party, he was the main right-wing opponent of his contemporary Eleftherios Venizelos.


Petros Protopapadakis, Greek mathematician and politician, 107th Prime Minister of Greece (born 1854)

Petros Protopapadakis was a politician and Prime Minister of Greece from May to September 1922.


Nikolaos Stratos, Greek lawyer and politician, 106th Prime Minister of Greece (born 1872)

Nikolaos Stratos was a Prime Minister of Greece for a few days in May 1922. He was later tried and executed for his role in the Catastrophe of 1922.


15/11/1921

Tadhg Barry, veteran Irish republican and leading trade unionist (born 1880)

Tadhg Barry was a veteran Irish republican, leading trade unionist, journalist, poet, Gaelic Athletic Association official, and alderman on Cork Corporation who was actively involved in, and eventually was killed during, the Irish revolutionary period.


15/11/1919

Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky, Polish-Russian engineer, electrician, and inventor (born 1862)

Mikhail Osipovich Dolivo-Dobrovolsky was a Russian-born engineer, electrician, and inventor of Polish-Russian origins, active in the German Empire and also in Switzerland.


Mohammad Farid, Egyptian lawyer and politician (born 1868)

Mohammad Farid was an influential Egyptian political figure. He was a nationalist leader, writer, and lawyer.


Alfred Werner, French-Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1866)

Alfred Werner was a Swiss chemist who was a student at ETH Zurich and a professor at the University of Zurich. He won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1913 for proposing the octahedral configuration of transition metal complexes. Werner developed the basis for modern coordination chemistry. He was the first inorganic chemist to win the Nobel Prize, and the only one prior to 1973.


15/11/1917

Émile Durkheim, French sociologist, psychologist, and philosopher (born 1858)

David Émile Durkheim was a French sociologist. He formally established the academic discipline of sociology, and is commonly cited as one of the principal architects of modern social science, along with Karl Marx and Max Weber.


15/11/1916

Henryk Sienkiewicz, Polish journalist and author, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1846)

Henryk Adam Aleksander Pius Sienkiewicz, also known by the pseudonym Litwos, was a Polish epic writer. He is remembered for his historical novels, such as the Trilogy series and especially for his internationally known best-seller Quo Vadis (1895–1896).


15/11/1910

Wilhelm Raabe, German author (born 1831)

Wilhelm Raabe was a German novelist. His early works were published under the pseudonym of Jakob Corvinus.


15/11/1908

Cixi, China empress dowager and regent (born 1835)

Empress Dowager Cixi was a Manchu noblewoman of the Yehe Nara clan who periodically controlled the government of the late Qing dynasty as empress dowager and regent from 1861 until her death in 1908.


15/11/1897

Alfred Kennerley, English-Australian politician, 10th Premier of Tasmania (born 1810)

Alfred Kennerley was an Australian politician and Premier of Tasmania from 4 August 1873 until 20 July 1876.


15/11/1892

Thomas Neill Cream, Scottish-Canadian serial killer (born 1850)

Thomas Neill Cream, also known as the Lambeth Poisoner, was a Scottish-Canadian medical doctor and serial killer who poisoned his victims with strychnine. Cream murdered up to ten people in three countries, targeting mostly lower-class women, sex workers and pregnant women seeking abortions. He was convicted and sentenced to death, and was hanged on 15 November 1892.


15/11/1853

Maria II, Portuguese queen and regent (born 1819)

Dona Maria II also known as "the Educator" or as "the Good Mother", was Queen of Portugal from 1826 to 1828, and again from 1834 to 1853. Her supporters considered her to be the rightful queen also during the period between her two reigns.


15/11/1845

William Knibb, English Baptist minister and Jamaican missionary (born 1803)

William Knibb, OM was an English Baptist minister and missionary to Jamaica. He is chiefly known today for his work to free enslaved Africans.


15/11/1836

Herman of Alaska, Russian missionary and saint (born 1750s)

Herman of Alaska was a Russian Orthodox monk and missionary to Alaska, which was then part of Russian America. He is the first saint of North America to be canonized by the Orthodox Church.


15/11/1832

Jean-Baptiste Say, French economist and businessman (born 1767)

Jean-Baptiste Say was a liberal French economist and businessman who argued in favor of competition, free trade, and lifting restraints on business. He is best known for Say's law—also known as the law of markets—which he popularized, although scholars disagree as to whether it was Say who first articulated the theory. Moreover, he was one of the first economists to study entrepreneurship and conceptualized entrepreneurs as organizers and leaders of the economy. He was also closely involved in the development of the École spéciale de commerce et d'industrie (ESCP), historically the first business school to be established.


15/11/1795

Charles-Amédée-Philippe van Loo, French painter (born 1719)

Charles-Amédée-Philippe van Loo was a French painter of allegorical scenes and portraits.


15/11/1794

John Witherspoon, Scottish-American minister and academic (born 1723)

John Witherspoon was a Scottish-American Presbyterian minister, educator, farmer, and a Founding Father of the United States. Witherspoon embraced the concepts of Scottish common sense realism, and while president of the College of New Jersey became an influential figure in the development of the United States' national character. Politically active, Witherspoon was a delegate from New Jersey to the Second Continental Congress and a signatory to the July 4, 1776, Declaration of Independence. He was the only active clergyman and the only college president to sign the Declaration. Later, he signed the Articles of Confederation and supported ratification of the Constitution of the United States. In 1789 he was convening moderator of the First General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America. As one of the first national leaders of American Presbyterianism, he promoted theological and civic ideas adjacent to John Calvin, John Knox, and Samuel Rutherford, particularly the concept that resistance to tyranny is obedience to God.


15/11/1787

Christoph Willibald Gluck, German composer (born 1714)

Christoph Willibald Ritter von Gluck was a composer of Italian and French opera in the early classical period. Born in the Upper Palatinate and raised in Bohemia, both part of the Holy Roman Empire at the time, he gained prominence at the Habsburg court in Vienna. There he brought about the practical reform of opera's dramaturgical practices for which many intellectuals had been campaigning. With a series of radical new works in the 1760s, among them Orfeo ed Euridice and Alceste, he broke the stranglehold that Metastasian opera seria had enjoyed for much of the century. Gluck introduced more drama by using orchestral recitative and cutting the usually long da capo aria. His later operas have half the length of a typical baroque opera.


15/11/1712

James Hamilton, 4th Duke of Hamilton, Scottish general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Lancashire (born 1658)

James Hamilton, 4th Duke of Hamilton and 1st Duke of Brandon was a Scottish army officer, politician, courtier and diplomat. He was a major investor in the failed Darien scheme, which cost many of Scotland's ruling class their fortunes. He led the Country Party in the Parliament of Scotland and the opposition to the Act of Union in 1707. He died as the result of the Hamilton–Mohun duel in Hyde Park, Westminster, with Charles Mohun, 4th Baron Mohun, over a disputed inheritance.


Charles Mohun, 4th Baron Mohun, English politician (born 1675)

Charles Mohun, 4th Baron Mohun, was an English peer and politician best known for his frequent participation in duels. He was killed in the Hamilton–Mohun duel in Hyde Park, London.


15/11/1706

Tsangyang, Tibetan dalai lama (born 1683)

The 6th Dalai Lama, Tsangyang Gyatso was recognized as the 6th Dalai Lama after a delay of many years, permitting the Potala Palace to be completed. He was an unconventional Dalai Lama that preferred a Nyingma school yogi's life to that of an ordained monk. He was later kidnapped and deposed by the Koshut Lhazang Khan.


15/11/1691

Aelbert Cuyp, Dutch painter (born 1620)

Aelbert Jacobszoon Cuyp or Cuijp was one of the leading Dutch Golden Age painters, producing mainly landscapes. The most famous of a family of painters, the pupil of his father, Jacob Gerritszoon Cuyp (1594–1651/52), he is especially known for his large views of Dutch riverside scenes in a golden early morning or late afternoon light. He was born and died in Dordrecht.


15/11/1670

John Amos Comenius, Czech bishop, philosopher, and educator (born 1592)

John Amos Comenius was a Czech philosopher, pedagogue and theologian who is considered the father of modern education. He served as the last bishop of the Unity of the Brethren before becoming a religious refugee and one of the earliest champions of universal education, a concept eventually set forth in his book Didactica Magna. As an educator and theologian, he led schools and advised governments across Protestant Europe through the middle of the seventeenth century.


15/11/1630

Johannes Kepler, German astronomer and mathematician (born 1571)

Johannes Kepler was a German polymath who was an astronomer, mathematician, astrologer, natural philosopher and music theorist. He is a key figure in the 17th-century Scientific Revolution, best known for his laws of planetary motion, and his books Astronomia nova, Harmonice Mundi, and Epitome Astronomiae Copernicanae. The variety and impact of his work made Kepler one of the founders and fathers of modern astronomy, the scientific method, natural science, and modern science. He has been described as the "father of science fiction" for his novel Somnium.


15/11/1628

Roque González de Santa Cruz, Paraguayan missionary and martyr (born 1576)

Roque González de Santa Cruz, SJ was a Guaraní-Spanish Jesuit priest who was the first missionary among the Guaraní in Paraguay. He was murdered in 1628 and is venerated as a martyr and a saint by the Catholic Church.


15/11/1579

Ferenc Dávid, Hungarian preacher, founder of the Unitarian Church of Transylvania (born 1510)

Ferenc Dávid was a preacher and theologian from Transylvania, the founder of the Unitarian Church of Transylvania, and the leading figure of the Nontrinitarian Christian movements during the Protestant Reformation. He disputed the mainstream Christian doctrine of the Trinity, believing God to be one and indivisible.


15/11/1527

Catherine of York, English princess (born 1479)

Catherine of York was the sixth daughter of King Edward IV of England and his queen consort Elizabeth Woodville.


15/11/1463

Giovanni Antonio Del Balzo Orsini, Italian nobleman

Giovanni Antonio (Giannantonio) Orsini del Balzo was a southern Italian nobleman and military leader; he was Prince of Taranto, Duke of Bari, Count of Lecce, Acerra, Soleto and Conversano, as well as Count of Matera (1433–63) and of Ugento (1453–63).


15/11/1379

Otto V, duke of Bavaria

Otto V, was a Duke of Bavaria and Elector of Brandenburg as Otto VII. Otto was the fourth son of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV by his second wife Margaret II of Avesnes, Countess of Hainaut and Holland.


15/11/1351

Joanna of Pfirt, duchess of Austria

Joanna of Pfirt was the Countess of Pfirt in her own right from 1324 and Duchess of Austria as consort of Duke Albert II from 1330 until her death.


15/11/1347

James I of Urgell, Spanish nobleman (born 1321)

James I, the eighteenth Count of Urgell, was the fourth son of Alfonso IV King of Aragon and Teresa d'Entença & Cabrera, 17th Countess of Urgell.


15/11/1280

Albertus Magnus, German bishop, theologian, and philosopher (born 1193)

Albertus Magnus, also known as Saint Albert the Great, Albert of Swabia, Albert von Bollstadt, or Albert of Cologne, was a German Dominican friar, philosopher, scientist, and bishop. He is considered one of the greatest medieval philosophers and thinkers.


15/11/1226

Frederick of Isenberg, German nobleman (born 1193)

Count Frederick of Isenberg was a German noble, the younger son of Arnold of Altena. Before the split between Arnold of Altena-Isenberg the eldest and his brother Friedrich Altena-Mark the younger son of Everhard von Berg-Altena. His family castle was the Isenberg near Hattingen, Germany.


15/11/1194

Margaret I, countess of Flanders

Margaret I was the countess of Flanders suo jure from 1191 to her death.


15/11/1136

Leopold III, margrave of Austria (born 1073)

Leopold III, known as Leopold the Good, was the Margrave of Austria from 1095 to his death in 1136. He was a member of the House of Babenberg. He was canonized on 6 January 1485 and became the patron saint of Austria, Lower Austria, Upper Austria and Vienna. His feast day is 15 November.


15/11/1037

Odo II, French nobleman (born 983)

Odo II was the count of Blois, Chartres, Châteaudun, Champagne, Beauvais and Tours from 1004 and count of Troyes and Meaux from 1022. He twice tried to make himself a king: first in Italy after 1024 and then in Burgundy after 1032.


15/11/0655

Æthelhere, king of East Anglia

Æthelhere was King of East Anglia from 653 or 654 until his death. He was a member of the ruling Wuffingas dynasty and one of three sons of Eni to rule East Anglia as Christian kings. He was a nephew of Rædwald, who was the first of the Wuffingas of which more than a name is known.


Penda of Mercia, king of Mercia

Penda was a 7th-century king of Mercia, the Anglo-Saxon kingdom in what is today the Midlands. A pagan at a time when Christianity was taking hold in many of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, Penda took over the Severn Valley in 628 following the Battle of Cirencester before participating in the defeat of the powerful Northumbrian king Edwin at the Battle of Hatfield Chase in 633.


15/11/0621

Malo, Breton bishop and saint

Saint Malo was a Welsh mid-sixth century founder of Saint-Malo, a commune in Brittany, France. He was one of the seven founding saints of Brittany.


01/01/1970

Mattathias, Jewish resistance leader

Mattathias ben Johanan was a Kohen who helped spark the Maccabean Revolt against the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire. Mattathias's story is related in the deuterocanonical book of 1 Maccabees and in the writings of Josephus. Mattathias is accorded a central role in the story of Hanukkah and, as a result, is named in the Al HaNissim prayer Jews add to the Birkat Hamazon and the Amidah during the festival's eight days.


Celebrations & Special Days Worldwide on 15th November

America Recycles Day (United States)

America Recycles Day, also known as National Recycling Day, is a national observance in the United States dedicated to promoting recycling across the nation. Observed on November 15 every year, the observance is the signature recycling program of Keep America Beautiful (KAB), the managing and promoting organization for the holiday.


Christian feast day: Abibus of Edessa

Abibus of Edessa, also known as Abibus the New, Habib the Deacon or Saint Habibus the Martyr, was a 4th-century Syrian Christian deacon, confessor and martyr, who according to the Martyrdom of Habib the Deacon, was executed at Edessa by immolation under Roman Emperor Licinius. He is venerated as a saint by the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox Churches.


Christian feast day: Albert the Great

Albertus Magnus, also known as Saint Albert the Great, Albert of Swabia, Albert von Bollstadt, or Albert of Cologne, was a German Dominican friar, philosopher, scientist, and bishop. He is considered one of the greatest medieval philosophers and thinkers.


Christian feast day: Blessed Caius of Korea

Beatification is a recognition accorded by the Catholic Church of a deceased person's entrance into Heaven and capacity to intercede on behalf of individuals who pray in their name. Beati is the plural form, referring to those who have undergone the process of beatification; they possess the title of "Blessed" before their names and are often referred to in English as "a Blessed" or, plurally, "Blesseds".


Christian feast day: Didier of Cahors

Saint Didier, also known as Desiderius, was a Merovingian-era royal official of aristocratic Gallo-Roman extraction.


Christian feast day: Francis Asbury and George Whitefield (Episcopal Church)

Francis Asbury was a British-American Methodist minister who became one of the first two bishops of the Methodist Episcopal Church in the United States. During his 45 years in the colonies and the newly independent United States, he devoted his life to ministry, traveling on horseback and by carriage thousands of miles to those living on the frontier.


Christian feast day: Blessed Hugh Faringdon

Hugh Faringdon,, earlier known as Hugh Cook, later as Hugh Cook alias Faringdon and Hugh Cook of Faringdon, was an English Benedictine monk who presided as the last Abbot of Reading Abbey in the town of Reading in Berkshire, England. At the dissolution of the monasteries under King Henry VIII of England, Faringdon was accused of high treason and executed. He was declared a martyr and beatified by the Catholic Church in 1895.


Christian feast day: Leopold III, a public holiday in Lower Austria and Vienna.

Leopold III, known as Leopold the Good, was the Margrave of Austria from 1095 to his death in 1136. He was a member of the House of Babenberg. He was canonized on 6 January 1485 and became the patron saint of Austria, Lower Austria, Upper Austria and Vienna. His feast day is 15 November.


Christian feast day: Malo

Saint Malo was a Welsh mid-sixth century founder of Saint-Malo, a commune in Brittany, France. He was one of the seven founding saints of Brittany.


Christian feast day: Mechell

Saint Mechell was the 6th century founder and first abbot of the clas of Llanfechell, on Anglesey in north-west Wales. St Mechell's day is celebrated on 15 November. It is claimed that he is buried in Llanfechell.


Christian feast day: November 15 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

November 14 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - November 16


Day of the German-speaking Community of Belgium (German-speaking Community of Belgium)

The Day of the German-speaking Community is a holiday in Belgium celebrated on 15 November each year. It is a public holiday for the German-speaking Community of Belgium but it is not celebrated elsewhere in the country. The equivalents of the other communities are the Day of the Flemish Community and the Day of the French-speaking Community. The ceremony coincides with the King's Feast.


Day of the Imprisoned Writer (International observance)

The Day of the Imprisoned Writer is an annual, international day intended to recognize and support writers who resist repression of the basic human right to freedom of expression and who stand up to attacks made against their right to impart information. This day is observed each year on November 15. It was started in 1981 by PEN International's Writers in Prison Committee.


Independence Day, unilaterally declared in 1988. (Palestine)

The Palestinian Declaration of Independence formally established the State of Palestine, and was written by Palestinian poet Mahmoud Darwish and proclaimed by Yasser Arafat on 15 November 1988 in Algiers, Algeria. It had previously been adopted by the Palestinian National Council (PNC), the legislative body of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), by a vote of 253 in favour, 46 against, and 10 abstaining. It was read at the closing session of the 19th PNC to a standing ovation. Upon completing the reading of the declaration, Arafat, as chairman of the PLO, assumed the title of President of Palestine. In April 1989, the PLO Central Council elected Arafat as the first president of the State of Palestine.


King's Feast (Belgium)

The King's Feast has been celebrated in Belgium on November 15 since 1866. Since 2001, the Belgian Federal Parliament has held a ceremony in honor of the King, in the presence of members of the Belgian royal family and other dignitaries. It is not a national public holiday; however, federal government institutions are closed on this day. Traditionally, a Te Deum is sung as well as a private observance being held.


National Tree Planting Day (Sri Lanka)

Arbor Day is a secular day of observance in which individuals and groups are encouraged to plant trees. Today, many countries observe such a holiday. Though usually observed in the spring, the date varies, depending on climate and suitable planting season.


Peace Day (Ivory Coast)

This is a list of public holidays in Ivory Coast.


Republic Proclamation Day (Brazil)

In Brazil, public holidays may be legislated at the federal, statewide and municipal levels. Most holidays are observed nationwide.


Shichi-Go-San (Japan)

Shichi-Go-San is a traditional Japanese rite of passage and festival day for three- and seven-year-old girls, and five-year-old and sometimes three-year-old boys. It is held annually on November 15 and celebrates the growth and well-being of young children. As it is not a national holiday, it is generally observed on the nearest weekend.


Republic Day (Northern Cyprus)

Republic Day is a public holiday in Northern Cyprus commemorating the declaration of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus on 15 November 1983. The annual celebrations begin at 12:00 a.m on 14 November and continue until 15 November. On 15 November, celebrations are made in all districts of country and representatives from several countries, especially Turkey, visit Northern Cyprus and attend the celebrations. The main celebration locations are the Kemal Atatürk Memorial, the Nicosia Martyrs Memorial in Nicosia, and the tomb of Fazıl Küçük.


The beginning of Nativity Fast (Eastern Orthodox)

In Christianity, the Nativity Fast—or Fast of the Prophets in Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church—is a period of abstinence and penance practiced by the Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodox Church and Catholic Church in preparation for the Nativity of Jesus on December 25. Ethiopian and Eritrean Orthodox Churches commence the season on November 24 and end the season on the day of Ethiopian Christmas, which falls on January 7. The corresponding Western season of preparation for Christmas, which also has been called the Nativity Fast and St. Martin's Lent, has taken the name of Advent. The Eastern fast runs for 40 days instead of four or six weeks and thematically focuses on proclamation and glorification of the Incarnation of God, whereas the Western Advent focuses on three comings of Jesus Christ: his birth, reception of his grace by the faithful, and his Second Coming or Parousia.


What Happened on 15th November?

61 significant events took place on Wednesday, 15th November — stretching from 655 to 2022. Explore the moments that shaped history on this day.

15/11/2022

The world population reached eight billion.

In world demographics, the world population is the total number of humans currently alive. It was estimated by the United Nations to have exceeded 8 billion (8,000,000,000) on November 15, 2022. It took around 300,000 years of human prehistory and history for the human population to reach a billion and only 218 more years from there to reach 8 billion. As of 2026, the world population is approximately 8.3 billion. However, this figure is only a very rough approximation.


15/11/2020

Lewis Hamilton wins the Turkish Grand Prix and secures his seventh drivers' title, equalling the all-time record held by Michael Schumacher.

Sir Lewis Carl Davidson Hamilton is a British racing driver who competes in Formula One for Ferrari. Hamilton has won a joint-record seven Formula One World Drivers' Championship titles—tied with Michael Schumacher—and holds the records for most wins (106), pole positions (104), and podium finishes (206), among others.


15/11/2017

A flood a few miles outside of Athens results in the death of 25 people.

During the morning hours of 15 November 2017, after heavy rainfall caused because of the barometric low Eurydice and the Cyclone Numa, flooding occurred in Western Attica and mainly in Mandra, Nea Peramos, Magoula and Elefsina. The floods killed 24 people and caused severe damage. This is the third largest flood in Attica based on the number of dead.


15/11/2016

Hong Kong's High Court bans elected politicians Yau Wai-ching and Baggio Leung from the city's Parliament.

The High Court of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is a part of the Judiciary of Hong Kong, consisting of the upper Court of Appeal and the lower Court of First Instance. It also deals with criminal and civil cases which have risen beyond the lower courts.


15/11/2012

Xi Jinping becomes General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party and a new seven-member Politburo Standing Committee is inaugurated.

Xi Jinping is a Chinese politician who is the paramount leader of China. He has served as the general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and chairman of the Party Central Military Commission (CMC) since 2012, the president of China and chairman of the State Central Military Commission since 2013.


15/11/2010

A fire in a high-rise apartment building in Shanghai, China kills 58 people.

The 2010 Shanghai fire was a fire on 15 November 2010 that destroyed a 28-story high-rise apartment building in the heart of Shanghai, China, killing at least 58 people and injuring more than 70 others. Most of the residents were retired state school senior educators. It is remembered as an iconic high-rise fire in China in the 2010s.


15/11/2007

Cyclone Sidr hits Bangladesh, killing an estimated 5,000 people and destroying parts of the world's largest mangrove forest, the Sundarbans.

Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Sidr was an extremely deadly and devastating tropical cyclone that resulted in one of the worst natural disasters in Bangladesh. The fourth named and the deadliest storm of the 2007 North Indian Ocean cyclone season, Sidr formed in the central Bay of Bengal, and quickly strengthened to reach peak 1-minute sustained winds of 260 km/h (160 mph), making it a Category-5 equivalent tropical cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale. The storm eventually made landfall in Bangladesh on November 15, 2007, leading to large-scale evacuations. At least 3,447 deaths have been blamed on the storm, with some estimates reaching 15,000.


15/11/2006

Al Jazeera English launches worldwide.

Al Jazeera English, often known as Al Jazeera, is a 24-hour English-language news channel operating under Al Jazeera Media Network, which is partially funded by the government of Qatar. Al Jazeera introduced an English-language division in 2006. It is the first global English-language news channel to be headquartered in the Middle East.


15/11/2003

The first day of the 2003 Istanbul bombings, in which two car bombs, targeting two synagogues, explode, kill 25 people and wound 300 more.

The 2003 Istanbul bombings were a series of suicide attacks carried out with trucks fitted with bombs detonated at four locations in Istanbul, Turkey, on 15 and 20 November 2003.


15/11/2002

Hu Jintao becomes General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party and a new nine-member Politburo Standing Committee is inaugurated.

Hu Jintao is a Chinese retired politician who served as the general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from 2002 to 2012, president of China from 2003 to 2013, chairman of the Party Central Military Commission (CMC) from 2004 to 2012 and chairman of the State Central Military Commission from 2005 to 2013. He was a member of the CCP Politburo Standing Committee, China's top decision-making body, from 1992 to 2012, and served as the paramount leader of China from 2002 to 2012.


15/11/2001

Microsoft launches the Xbox game console in North America.

Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Redmond, Washington. The company became influential in the rise of personal computers through software like Windows and has since expanded into areas such as Internet services, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, video gaming, and more. A Big Tech company, Microsoft is the largest software company by revenue, one of the most valuable public companies, and one of the most valuable brands globally.


15/11/2000

A chartered Antonov An-24 crashes after takeoff from Luanda, Angola, killing more than 40 people.

The Antonov An-24 is a 44-seat twin turboprop regional airliner designed in 1957 in the Soviet Union by the Antonov Design Bureau. Later variants saw other uses, such as military transport and aerial cartography. The aircraft was manufactured by the Kyiv, Irkutsk and Ulan-Ude Aviation Factories. It is still license-produced in China as the Xi'an Y-7.


Jharkhand officially becomes the 28th state of India, formed from eighteen districts of southern Bihar.

Jharkhand is a landlocked state in eastern India. The state shares borders with the states of West Bengal to the east, Chhattisgarh to the west, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Bihar to the north and Odisha to the south. It is the 15th largest state by area, and the 14th largest by population. Hindi is the official language of the state. The city of Ranchi is its capital, and Dumka its sub-capital. The state is known for its waterfalls, hills and holy places; Baidyanath Dham, Parasnath, Dewri and Rajrappa are major religious sites. As per the 2011 census, Jharkhand is primarily rural, with about 24% of its population living in cities.


15/11/1994

A magnitude 7.1 earthquake hits the central Philippine island of Mindoro, killing 78 people, injuring 430 and triggering a tsunami up to 8.5 m (28 ft) high.

The 1994 Mindoro earthquake occurred at 03:15:30 PST on November 15 near Mindoro, Philippines. It had a moment magnitude of 7.1 and a maximum Rossi–Forel of VII. It is associated with a 35-kilometer-long (22 mi) ground rupture, called the Aglubang River fault. Seventy eight people were reported dead, and 7,566 houses were damaged. The earthquake generated a tsunami and landslides on the Verde Island.


15/11/1990

The Communist People's Republic of Bulgaria is disestablished and a new republican government is instituted.

The People's Republic of Bulgaria was the Bulgarian state that existed from 1946 to 1990, ruled by the Bulgarian Communist Party together with its coalition partner, the Bulgarian Agrarian People's Union. Bulgaria was also part of Comecon as well as a member of the Warsaw Pact. The Bulgarian resistance movement during World War II deposed the Tsardom of Bulgaria administration in the Bulgarian coup d'état of 1944 which ended the country's alliance with the Axis powers and led to the People's Republic in 1946.


Space Shuttle Atlantis is launched on STS-38, a classified mission for the Department of Defense.

Space Shuttle Atlantis is a retired Space Shuttle orbiter vehicle which belongs to NASA, the spaceflight and space exploration agency of the United States. Atlantis was manufactured by the Rockwell International company in Southern California and was delivered to the Kennedy Space Center in Eastern Florida in April 1985. Atlantis is the fourth operational and the second-to-last Space Shuttle built. Its maiden flight was STS-51-J made from October 3 to 7, 1985.


15/11/1988

In the Soviet Union, the uncrewed Shuttle Buran makes its only space flight.

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from its formation in 1922 until its dissolution in 1991. It was the world's third-most populous country, the largest by area, and bordered twelve other countries. A diverse multinational state, it was organized as a federal union of national republics, with the largest and most populous being the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (SFSR). In practice, its government and economy were highly centralized. Politically, it was based on a hierarchy of soviets (councils) and governed under the ideology of Marxism-Leninism, with a centralized command economy. As a one-party state governed by the Communist Party, it was the flagship communist state. Its capital and largest city was Moscow.


Israeli–Palestinian conflict: An independent State of Palestine is proclaimed by the Palestinian National Council.

Israel and the Palestinians are engaged in an ongoing military and political conflict about land and self-determination within the former territory of Mandatory Palestine. Key aspects of the conflict have included Palestinian refugees, the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip, the status of Jerusalem, Israeli settlements, borders, security, water rights, the permit regime in the West Bank and in the Gaza Strip, Palestinian freedom of movement, and the Palestinian right of return.


The first Fairtrade label, Max Havelaar, is launched in the Netherlands.

A fair trade certification is a product certification within the market-based movement of fair trade. The most widely used fair trade certification is FLO International's, the International Fairtrade Certification Mark, used in Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and New Zealand. Fair Trade Certified Mark is the North American equivalent of the International Fairtrade Certification Mark. As of January 2011, there were more than 1,000 companies certified by FLO International's certification and a further 1,000 or so certified by other ethical and fairtrade certification schemes around the world.


15/11/1987

In Brașov, Romania, workers rebel against the communist regime of Nicolae Ceaușescu.

Brașov is a city in Transylvania, Romania and the county seat of Brașov County.


Continental Airlines Flight 1713 crashes during takeoff from Stapleton International Airport in Denver, Colorado, killing 25.

Continental Airlines Flight 1713 was a commercial airline flight that crashed while taking off in a snowstorm from Stapleton International Airport in Denver, Colorado, United States, on November 15, 1987. The Douglas DC-9 airliner, operated by Continental Airlines, was making a scheduled flight to Boise, Idaho. Twenty-five passengers and three crew members died in the crash.


15/11/1985

A research assistant is injured when a package from the Unabomber addressed to a University of Michigan professor explodes.

Theodore John Kaczynski, also known as the Unabomber, was an American mathematician and domestic terrorist. A mathematics prodigy, he abandoned his academic career in 1969 to pursue a reclusive primitive lifestyle and lone wolf terrorism campaign.


The Anglo-Irish Agreement is signed at Hillsborough Castle by British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and Irish Taoiseach Garret FitzGerald.

The Anglo-Irish Agreement was a 1985 treaty between the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland which aimed to help bring an end to the Troubles in Northern Ireland. The treaty gave the Irish government an advisory role in Northern Ireland's government while confirming that there would be no change in the constitutional position of Northern Ireland unless a majority of its citizens agreed to join the Republic. It also set out conditions for the establishment of a devolved consensus government in the region.


15/11/1983

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus declares independence; it is only recognized by Turkey.

Northern Cyprus, officially the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC), is a de facto state comprising the northern third of the island of Cyprus. It is recognised only by Turkey, with the international community considering it territory of the Republic of Cyprus under Turkish military occupation. It extends from Cape Apostolos Andreas in the northeast to Morphou Bay in the northwest, with Cape Kormakitis at its westernmost point and the Kokkina exclave west of the mainland. A buffer zone controlled by the UN forms a barrier between both sides of the island and runs through Nicosia, the island's largest city and the capital of both sides.


15/11/1979

A package from Unabomber Ted Kaczynski begins smoking in the cargo hold of a flight from Chicago to Washington, D.C., forcing the plane to make an emergency landing.

Theodore John Kaczynski, also known as the Unabomber, was an American mathematician and domestic terrorist. A mathematics prodigy, he abandoned his academic career in 1969 to pursue a reclusive primitive lifestyle and lone wolf terrorism campaign.


15/11/1978

A chartered Douglas DC-8 crashes near Colombo, Sri Lanka, killing 183.

The Douglas DC-8 is an early long-range narrow-body jetliner designed and produced by the American Douglas Aircraft Company. Work began in 1952 toward the United States Air Force's (USAF) requirement for a jet-powered aerial refueling tanker. After losing the USAF's tanker competition to the rival Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker in May 1954, Douglas announced in June 1955 its derived jetliner project marketed to civil operators. In October 1955, Pan Am made the first order along with the competing Boeing 707, and many other airlines soon followed. The first DC-8 was rolled out in Long Beach Airport on April 9, 1958, and flew for the first time on May 30. Following Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) certification in August 1959, the DC-8 entered service with Delta Air Lines on September 18.


15/11/1976

René Lévesque and the Parti Québécois take power to become the first Quebec government of the 20th century clearly in favor of independence.

René Lévesque was a Canadian politician and journalist who served as the 23rd premier of Quebec from 1976 to 1985. He was the first Québécois political leader since Confederation to seek, through a referendum, a mandate to negotiate the political independence of Quebec. Starting his career as a reporter, and radio and television host, he later became known for his eminent role in Quebec's nationalization of hydro-electric companies and as an ardent defender of Quebec sovereignty. He was the founder of the Parti Québécois, and before that, a Liberal minister in the Lesage government from 1960 to 1966.


15/11/1971

Intel releases the world's first commercial single-chip microprocessor, the 4004.

Intel Corporation is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California. It designs, manufactures, and sells computer components such as central processing units (CPUs) and related products for business and consumer markets. Intel was the world's third-largest semiconductor chip manufacturer by revenue in 2024 and has been included in the Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by revenue since 2007. It was one of the first companies listed on Nasdaq.


15/11/1969

Cold War: The Soviet submarine K-19 collides with the American submarine USS Gato in the Barents Sea.

The Cold War was a period of international geopolitical rivalry between the United States (US) and the Soviet Union (USSR) and their respective allies, the capitalist Western Bloc and communist Eastern Bloc. It began in the aftermath of the Second World War and ended with the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. The term cold war is used because there was no direct fighting between the two superpowers, though each supported opposing sides in regional conflicts known as proxy wars. In addition to the struggle for ideological and economic influence and an arms race in both conventional and nuclear weapons, the Cold War was expressed through technological rivalries such as the Space Race, espionage, propaganda campaigns, embargoes, and sports diplomacy.


Vietnam War: In Washington, D.C., 250,000–500,000 protesters staged a peaceful demonstration against the war, including a symbolic "March Against Death".

The Vietnam War was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam and South Vietnam and their allies. North Vietnam was supported by the Soviet Union and China, while South Vietnam was supported by the United States and other anti-communist nations. The conflict was the second of the Indochina wars and a proxy war of the Cold War between the Soviet Union and US. The Vietnam War was one of the postcolonial wars of national liberation, a theater in the Cold War, and a civil war, with civil warfare a defining feature from the outset. Direct US military involvement escalated from 1965 until US forces were withdrawn in 1973. The fighting spilled into the Laotian and Cambodian civil wars, which ended with all three countries becoming communist in 1975.


15/11/1968

The Cleveland Transit System becomes the first transit system in the western hemisphere to provide direct rapid transit service from a city's downtown to its major airport.

The Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority is the public transit agency for Cleveland and the surrounding suburbs of Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. RTA is the largest transit agency in Ohio, with a ridership of 24,519,200, or about 79,600 per weekday as of the first quarter of 2026.


15/11/1967

The only fatality of the North American X-15 program occurs during the 191st flight when Air Force test pilot Michael J. Adams loses control of his aircraft which is destroyed mid-air over the Mojave Desert.

The North American X-15 is a hypersonic rocket-powered aircraft formerly operated by the United States Air Force and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as part of the X-plane series of experimental aircraft. The X-15 set speed and altitude records in the 1960s, crossing the edge of outer space and returning with valuable data used in aircraft and spacecraft design. The X-15's highest speed, 4,520 miles per hour, was achieved on 3 October 1967, when William J. Knight flew at Mach 6.7 at an altitude of 102,100 feet (31,120 m), or 19.34 miles. This set the official world record for the highest speed ever recorded by a crewed, powered aircraft and remains unbroken.


15/11/1966

Project Gemini: Gemini 12 completes the program's final mission, when it splashes down safely in the Atlantic Ocean.

Project Gemini was the second United States human spaceflight program to fly. It was conducted after the first American crewed space program, Project Mercury, while the Apollo program was still in early development. Gemini was conceived in 1961 and concluded in 1966. The Gemini spacecraft carried a two-astronaut crew. Ten Gemini crews and 16 individual astronauts flew low Earth orbit (LEO) missions during 1965 and 1966.


15/11/1965

Craig Breedlove sets a land speed record of 600.601 mph (966.574 km/h) in his car, the Spirit of America, at the Bonneville Salt Flats in Utah.

Norman Craig Breedlove Sr. was an American professional race car driver and a five-time world land speed record holder. He was the first person in history to reach 500 mph (800 km/h), and 600 mph (970 km/h), using several turbojet-powered vehicles, all named Spirit of America.


15/11/1959

Four members of the Clutter family are murdered near Holcomb, Kansas, by Perry Smith and Richard Hickock, a crime later detailed by Truman Capote in his 1966 non-fiction novel In Cold Blood.

In the early morning of November 15, 1959, four members of the Clutter family – Herb Clutter, his wife, Bonnie, and their teenage children Nancy and Kenyon – were murdered in their rural home just outside the small farming community of Holcomb, Kansas, United States. Two ex-convicts, Perry Smith and Richard Hickock, were found guilty of the murders and sentenced to death. They were both executed on April 14, 1965. The murders were detailed by Truman Capote in his 1966 non-fiction novel In Cold Blood.


15/11/1957

Short Solent 3 crashes near Chessell.

The 1957 Aquila Airways Solent crash occurred on the Isle of Wight in England on 15 November. With 45 lives lost, at the time it was the second worst aircraft accident within the United Kingdom, then at the time the worst ever air disaster to occur on English soil until it was superseded by the Stockport air disaster, in 1967.


15/11/1955

The first part of the Saint Petersburg Metro is opened.

The Saint Petersburg Metro is a rapid transit system in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Construction began in early 1941, but was put on hold due to World War II and the subsequent Siege of Leningrad, during which the constructed stations were used as bomb shelters. It was finally opened on 15 November 1955.


15/11/1951

Nikos Beloyannis, along with 11 comrades, is sentenced to death for attempting to reestablish the Communist Party of Greece.

Nikos Beloyannis was a Greek resistance leader and leading member of the Greek Communist Party.


15/11/1943

The Holocaust: German SS leader Heinrich Himmler orders that Gypsies are to be put "on the same level as Jews and placed in concentration camps".

The Holocaust, known in Hebrew as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. From 1941 to 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered around six million Jews across German-occupied Europe, approximately two-thirds of Europe's Jewish population. The murders were committed primarily through mass shootings across Eastern Europe and poison gas chambers in extermination camps, chiefly Auschwitz-Birkenau, Treblinka, Belzec, Sobibor, Chełmno and Majdanek death camps in occupied Poland. Concurrent Nazi persecutions killed millions of other non-Jewish civilians and prisoners of war (POWs); the term Holocaust is sometimes used to include the murder and persecution of non-Jewish groups, such as the Romani and Soviet POWs.


15/11/1942

World War II: The Battle of Guadalcanal ends in a decisive Allied victory.

World War II, or the Second World War, was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies and the Axis powers. Nearly all of the world's countries participated. World War II was the deadliest conflict in history, causing the death of 60 to 75 million people. Millions died as a result of massacres, starvation, disease, and genocides, including the Holocaust. After the Allied victory, Germany, Austria, Japan, and Korea were occupied, and German and Japanese leaders were tried for war crimes.


15/11/1938

Nazi Germany bans Jewish children from public schools in the aftermath of Kristallnacht.

Nazi Germany, officially the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship. The Third Reich, meaning "Third Realm" or "Third Empire", referred to the Nazi claim that Nazi Germany was the successor to the Holy Roman Empire (800–1806) and the German Empire (1871–1918). The Third Reich, which the Nazis referred to as the Thousand-Year Reich, ended in May 1945, after 12 years, when the Allies defeated Germany and entered the capital, Berlin, ending World War II in Europe.


15/11/1933

Thailand holds its first election.

Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand, and formerly known as Siam, is a country located in Mainland Southeast Asia. It shares land borders with Myanmar to the west and northwest, Laos to the east and northeast, Cambodia to the southeast, and Malaysia to the south. Its maritime boundaries include the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea and shares maritime borders with Vietnam, Indonesia, and India. Thailand has a population of nearly 66 million people and covers an area of approximately 513,115 km2. The capital and largest city is Bangkok.


15/11/1928

The RNLI lifeboat Mary Stanford capsizes in Rye Harbour with the loss of the entire 17-man crew.

The Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) is the largest of the lifeboat services operating around the coasts of the United Kingdom, Ireland, the Channel Islands, and the Isle of Man, as well as on some inland waterways.


15/11/1922

At least 300 are massacred during a general strike in Guayaquil, Ecuador.

The 1922 Guayaquil general strike was a three-day general work stoppage in the city of Guayaquil, Ecuador, which lasted from 13 to 15 November of that year. The strike began with trolley, electric company and other public utility workers who were inspired by a successful strike by railroad workers in nearby Durán. Workers made demands such as pay increases, shorter hours, safer working conditions, and government control of foreign currency exchange rates.


15/11/1920

The first assembly of the League of Nations is held in Geneva, Switzerland.

The League of Nations was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. It was founded on 10 January 1920 by the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War. The main organisation ceased operations on 18 April 1946 when many of its components were relocated into the new United Nations (UN) which was created in the aftermath of the Second World War. The League of Nations was the precursor organisation to the United Nations.


The Free City of Danzig is established.

The Free City of Danzig was a city-state under the protection and oversight of the League of Nations between 1920 and 1939, consisting of the Baltic Sea port of Danzig and nearly 200 other small localities in the surrounding areas. The country was established on 15 November 1920, per the terms of Article 100 of the 1919 Treaty of Versailles, following the end of World War I.


15/11/1917

Eduskunta declares itself the supreme state power of Finland, prompting its declaration of independence and secession from Russia.

The Parliament of Finland is the unicameral and supreme legislature of Finland, founded on 9 May 1906. In accordance with the Constitution of Finland, sovereignty belongs to the people, and that power is vested in the Parliament. The Parliament consists of 200 members, 199 of whom are elected every four years from 13 multi-member districts electing 6 to 37 members using the proportional D'Hondt method. In addition, there is one member from Åland.


15/11/1899

Second Boer War: Battle of Chieveley, a British armored train is ambushed and partially derailed. British lose the battle, with 80 soldiers captured, along with war correspondent Winston Churchill.

The Second Boer War was a conflict fought between the British Empire and the Boer republics over Britain's influence in Southern Africa.


15/11/1889

Brazil is declared a republic by Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca as Emperor Pedro II is deposed in a military coup.

Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is also the world's fifth-largest country by area and the seventh-largest by population, with over 213 million people. Brazil is a federation composed of 26 states and a Federal District, which hosts the capital, Brasília. Its most populous city is São Paulo, followed by Rio de Janeiro. Brazil has the largest Lusophone population in the world and is the only Portuguese-speaking country in the Americas, where it is the official language.


15/11/1884

The Berlin Conference of 1884–1885 met on 15 November 1884, and after an adjournment concluded on 26 February 1885, with the signature of a General Act, regulating the European colonisation and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period.

The Berlin Conference of 1884–1885 was a meeting of colonial powers that concluded with the signing of the General Act of Berlin, an agreement regulating European colonisation and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period. The conference of fourteen countries was organised by Otto von Bismarck, the first chancellor of Germany, at the request of Leopold II of Belgium at a building on Berlin's central Wilhelmstrasse. It met on 15 November 1884 and, after an adjournment, concluded on 26 February 1885 with the signing of the General Act. During the conference, attendees also discussed other related issues and agreed on a common framework for the recognition of European ''effective occupation'' of African coastal territory elsewhere on the continent. After the conference, European claims on African territory increased with international legal recognition, having a newly established legal framework for establishing colonies.


15/11/1864

American Civil War: Union General William Tecumseh Sherman begins his March to the Sea through Georgia towards the city of Savannah.

The American Civil War was a civil war in the United States between the Union and the Confederacy, which was formed in 1861 by states that had seceded from the Union to preserve slavery in the United States. The South saw slavery as threatened because of the election of Abraham Lincoln and the growing abolitionist movement in the North. The war ended with Union victory, the dissolution of the Confederacy and the abolition of slavery, freeing four million African Americans.


15/11/1849

Boilers of the steamboat Louisiana explode as she pulls back from the dock in New Orleans, killing more than 150 people.

A boiler explosion is a catastrophic failure of a boiler.


15/11/1842

A slave revolt in the Cherokee Nation commences.

The 1842 Slave Revolt in the Cherokee Nation was the largest escape of a group of slaves to occur in the Cherokee Nation, in what was then Indian Territory. The slave revolt started on November 15, 1842, when a group of 20 African Americans enslaved by the Cherokee escaped and tried to reach Mexico, where slavery had been abolished in 1829. Along their way south, they were joined by 15 slaves escaping from the Creek Nation in Indian Territory.


15/11/1806

Pike Expedition: Lieutenant Zebulon Pike spots a mountain peak while near the Colorado foothills of the Rocky Mountains. It is later named Pikes Peak in his honor.

The Pike Expedition was a military party sent out by President Thomas Jefferson and authorized by the United States government to explore the south and west of the recent Louisiana Purchase. It was led by United States Army Lieutenant Zebulon Pike, Jr. who was promoted to captain during the trip. It was the first official American effort to explore the western Great Plains and the Rocky Mountains in present-day Colorado. Pike contacted several Native American tribes during his travels and informed them that the U.S. now claimed their territory. The expedition documented the United States' discovery of Tava which was later renamed Pikes Peak in honor of Pike.


15/11/1777

American Revolutionary War: After 16 months of debate the Continental Congress approves the Articles of Confederation.

The American Revolutionary War, also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence or simply the American Revolution, was the armed conflict that comprised the final eight years of the broader American Revolution, in which American Patriot forces organized as the Continental Army and commanded by George Washington defeated the British Army. The conflict was fought in North America, the Caribbean, and the Atlantic Ocean. The war's outcome seemed uncertain for most of the war, but Washington and the Continental Army's decisive victory in the Siege of Yorktown in 1781 led King George III and the Kingdom of Great Britain to negotiate an end to the war. In 1783, in the Treaty of Paris, the British monarchy acknowledged the independence of the Thirteen Colonies, leading to the establishment of the United States as an independent and sovereign nation.


15/11/1760

The secondly-built Castellania in Valletta is officially inaugurated with the blessing of the interior Chapel of Sorrows.

The Castellania, also known as the Castellania Palace, is a former courthouse and prison in Valletta, Malta that currently houses the country's health ministry. It was built by the Order of St. John between 1757 and 1760, on the site of an earlier courthouse which had been built in 1572.


15/11/1705

Rákóczi's War of Independence: The Habsburg Empire and Denmark win a military victory over the Kurucs from Hungary in the Battle of Zsibó.

Rákóczi's War of Independence (1703–1711) was one of the most significant attempts to topple the rule of the Habsburgs over Hungary. The war was conducted by a group of noblemen and wealthy and high-ranking progressives and was led by Francis II Rákóczi; resigned soldiers and peasants also fought alongside the noblemen. The insurrection was unsuccessful, ending with the Treaty of Szatmár, by which the Hungarian nobility managed to satisfy some important Hungarian interests. Despite the defeat, the treaty granted political and religious amnesty to the kurucs. The war of independence achieved some major political success: it prevented Hungary's full integration into the Habsburg Empire, Hungary's constitution was preserved and the power of the parliament - as the supreme legislative institution of Hungary - remained intact.


15/11/1533

Francisco Pizarro arrives in Cuzco, the capital of the Inca Empire.

Francisco Pizarro was a Spanish conquistador, best known for his expeditions that led to the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire.


15/11/1532

Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire: Commanded by Francisco Pizarro, Spanish conquistadors under Hernando de Soto meet Incan Emperor Atahualpa for the first time outside Cajamarca, arranging for a meeting in the city plaza the following day.

The Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire, also known as the Conquest of Peru, was one of the most important campaigns in the Spanish colonization of the Americas. After years of preliminary exploration and military skirmishes, 168 Spanish soldiers under conquistador Francisco Pizarro, along with his brothers in arms and their indigenous allies, captured the last Sapa Inca, Atahualpa, at the Battle of Cajamarca in 1532. It was the first step in a long campaign that took decades of fighting but ended in Spanish victory in 1572 and colonization of the region as the Viceroyalty of Peru. The conquest of the Inca Empire, led to spin-off campaigns into present-day Chile and Colombia, as well as expeditions to the Amazon Basin and surrounding rainforest.


15/11/1315

Growth of the Old Swiss Confederacy: The Schweizer Eidgenossenschaft ambushes the army of Leopold I in the Battle of Morgarten.

The Old Swiss Confederacy began as a late medieval alliance between the communities of the valleys in the Central Alps, at the time part of the Holy Roman Empire, to facilitate the management of common interests such as free trade and to ensure the peace along the important trade routes through the mountains. The Hohenstaufen emperors had granted these valleys reichsfrei status in the early 13th century. As reichsfrei regions, the cantons of Uri, Schwyz, and Unterwalden were under the direct authority of the emperor without any intermediate liege lords and thus were largely autonomous.


15/11/0655

Battle of the Winwaed: Penda of Mercia is defeated by Oswiu of Northumbria.

The Battle of the Winwaed was fought on 15 November 655 between King Penda of Mercia and Oswiu of Bernicia, ending in the Mercians' defeat and Penda's death. According to Bede, the battle marked the effective demise of Anglo-Saxon paganism.