Died on Saturday, 11th October – Famous Deaths

11/10/2025

Diane Keaton, American actress (born 1946)

Diane Keaton Hall was an American actress. Her career spanned more than five decades, during which she rose to prominence in the New Hollywood movement. She collaborated frequently with Woody Allen, appearing in eight of his films. Keaton's accolades include an Academy Award, a BAFTA Award, and two Golden Globe Awards, along with nominations for two Emmy Awards and a Tony Award. She was honored with the Film at Lincoln Center Gala Tribute in 2007 and the AFI Life Achievement Award in 2017.

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11/10/2024

Jamaluddin Hossain, Bangladeshi actor (born 1943)

Jamaluddin Hossain was a Bangladeshi actor, director and theatre activist. He was awarded the Ekushey Padak by the Government of Bangladesh in 2013.

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11/10/2022

Angela Lansbury, English-American actress, singer, and producer (born 1925)

Dame Angela Brigid Lansbury was a British-American-Irish actress and singer. In a career spanning 80 years, she played various roles across film, stage, and television. Although based for much of her life in the United States, her work attracted international attention.

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11/10/2019

Alexei Leonov, Soviet/Russian cosmonaut and first human to conduct a spacewalk (born 1934)

Alexei Arkhipovich Leonov was a Soviet and Russian cosmonaut and aviator, Air Force major general, writer, and artist. On 18 March 1965, he became the first person to conduct a spacewalk, exiting the capsule during the Voskhod 2 mission for 12 minutes and 9 seconds. He was also selected to be the first Soviet person to land on the Moon although the project was eventually cancelled.

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11/10/2017

Clifford Husbands, Barbadian politician (born 1926)

Sir Clifford Straughn Husbands GCMG KStJ KA QC was a Barbadian judge who served as the sixth Governor-General of Barbados. He held this office from 1996, when he was appointed after the death of Nita Barrow, until he retired on 31 October 2011. He was the longest-serving Barbadian Governor-General.

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11/10/2015

Dean Chance, American baseball player and manager (born 1941)

Wilmer Dean Chance was an American professional baseball player. A right-handed pitcher, he played in 11 Major League Baseball seasons for the Los Angeles / California Angels, Minnesota Twins, Cleveland Indians, New York Mets and Detroit Tigers. With a touch of wildness and the habit of never looking at home plate once he received the sign from his catcher, Chance would turn his back fully towards the hitter in mid-windup before spinning and unleashing a good fastball, sinker or sidearm curveball.

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11/10/2014

Anita Cerquetti, Italian soprano (born 1931)

Anita Cerquetti was an Italian dramatic soprano who had a short but meteoric career in the 1950s. Her voice was very powerful and pleasing to audiences.

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Carmelo Simeone, Argentinian footballer (born 1933)

Carmelo "Cholo" Simeone, was an Argentine football defender who won three league championships with Boca Juniors and played for the Argentina national team. Nicknamed "Cholo", he was known for his energetic playing style.

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Bob Such, Australian educator and politician (born 1944)

Robert Bruce Such was a South Australian politician. He was the member for the seat of Fisher in the South Australian House of Assembly from 1989 until his death in 2014. He defeated Labor MP Philip Tyler at the 1989 election and was a member of the Liberals until 2000 when he became an independent. Such was Minister for Employment, Training and Further Education, and Minister for Youth Affairs, in the Brown Liberal government from 1993 to 1996. He served as Speaker of the South Australian House of Assembly for the Rann Labor government from 2005 to 2006. Such was joint Father of the House with Michael Atkinson from 2012.

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11/10/2013

María de Villota, Spanish race car driver (born 1980)

María de Villota Comba was a Spanish racing driver who competed in Superleague Formula and Euroseries 3000. She had an accident in straight-line testing as the Marussia Formula One team test driver, where she suffered serious head and facial injuries, and died one year later.

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Erich Priebke, German captain (born 1913)

Erich Priebke was a German mid-level Schutzstaffel (SS) commander in the Sicherheitspolizei (SiPo) of Nazi Germany. In 1996, he was convicted of war crimes in Italy for commanding the unit which was responsible for the Ardeatine massacre in Rome on 24 March 1944 in which 335 Italian civilians were killed in retaliation for a partisan attack that killed 33 men of the German SS Police Regiment Bozen. Priebke was one of the men held responsible for this mass execution. After the end of World War II in Europe, he fled to Argentina, where he lived for almost 50 years.

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11/10/2012

Avrohom Genachowsky, Israeli rabbi (born 1936)

Avrohom Genachowsky, was an Orthodox Jewish rabbi and talmudic scholar. He served as dean at Yeshivas Tchebin in Jerusalem.

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Helmut Haller, German footballer and coach (born 1939)

Helmut Haller was a German footballer who played as a forward. At international level, he represented West Germany at three World Cups. At club level, he played in both Germany and Italy, and won Italian league titles with Bologna and Juventus.

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Edward Kossoy, Polish lawyer, publicist, and activist (born 1913)

Edward Kossoy was a Polish lawyer, publicist and an activist for victims of Nazism.

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Édgar Negret, Colombian sculptor (born 1920)

Édgar Negret Dueñas was a Colombian abstract sculptor.

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Champ Summers, American baseball player and coach (born 1946)

John Junior "Champ" Summers was an American Major League Baseball outfielder and first baseman for six teams during his eleven-year career that spanned from 1974 to 1984. Summers played with the Oakland Athletics, Chicago Cubs, Cincinnati Reds, Detroit Tigers, San Francisco Giants and San Diego Padres.

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11/10/2009

Angelo DiGeorge, American physician and endocrinologist (born 1922)

Angelo Mario DiGeorge was an American physician and pediatric endocrinologist from Philadelphia who pioneered the research on the autosomal dominant immunodeficiency now commonly referred to as DiGeorge syndrome.

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Halit Refiğ, Turkish director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1934)

Halit Refiğ was a Turkish film director, film producer, screenwriter and writer. He made around sixty films, including feature films, documentaries and TV serials. He is considered to be the pioneer of the National Cinema movement and the initiator of the production of TV serials in Turkey.

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11/10/2008

Marjorie Fletcher, English Director of the Women's Royal Naval Service (born 1932)

Commandant Marjorie Fletcher CBE served as Director of the Women's Royal Naval Service (WRNS) between 1986 and 1988.

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Jörg Haider, Austrian lawyer and politician, Governor of Carinthia (born 1950)

Jörg Haider was an Austrian politician. He was Governor of Carinthia on two occasions, the long-time leader of the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) and later Chairman of the Alliance for the Future of Austria, a breakaway party from the FPÖ.

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Ernst-Paul Hasselbach, Surinamese-Dutch television host and producer (born 1966)

Ernst-Paul Hasselbach was a Dutch TV host and producer. He hosted several shows on Dutch and Belgian television.

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Neal Hefti, American trumpet player and composer (born 1922)

Neal Paul Hefti was an American jazz trumpeter, composer, and arranger. He wrote music for The Odd Couple movie and TV series and for the Batman TV series.

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11/10/2007

David Lee "Tex" Hill, South Korean-American general and pilot (born 1915)

David Lee "Tex" Hill was an American fighter pilot and triple flying ace. He is credited with 12+1⁄4 victories as a squadron leader with the Flying Tigers and another six as an officer in the United States Army Air Corps in World War II. He retired as a brigadier general.

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Werner von Trapp, Austrian-American singer (born 1915)

The Trapp Family was a singing group formed from the family of former Austrian naval commander Georg von Trapp. The family achieved fame in their original singing career in their native Austria during the interwar period. They also performed in the United States before immigrating there permanently to escape the deteriorating situation in Austria leading up to World War II. In the United States, they became well known as the "Trapp Family Singers" until they ceased to perform as a unit in 1957. The family's story later served as the basis for a memoir, two German films, and the Rodgers and Hammerstein Broadway musical The Sound of Music. The last surviving of the original seven, Maria Franziska, died in 2014 at the age of 99. The youngest and last surviving member of the Trapp Family Singers is Johannes von Trapp.

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11/10/2006

Cory Lidle, American baseball player (born 1972)

Cory Fulton Lidle was an American professional baseball player. A right-handed pitcher, Lidle played in Major League Baseball with the New York Mets, Tampa Bay Devil Rays, Oakland Athletics, Toronto Blue Jays, Cincinnati Reds, Philadelphia Phillies and the New York Yankees from 1997 to 2006. Lidle was killed when the small aircraft he owned was blown by a strong gust of wind and slammed nose first into a residential building in New York City.

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11/10/2005

Shan-ul-Haq Haqqee, Pakistani-Canadian linguist, journalist, and poet (born 1917)

Shan-ul-Haq Haqqee, Sitara-e-Imtiaz, Tamgha-e-Quaid-i-Azam, was an Urdu poet, writer, journalist, broadcaster, translator, critic, researcher, linguist and lexicographer of Pakistan.

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Attilâ İlhan, Turkish poet, author, and journalist (born 1925)

Attilâ İlhan was a Turkish poet, novelist, essayist, journalist and reviewer.

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Edward Szczepanik, Polish economist and politician, Prime Minister of Poland (born 1915)

Edward Franciszek Szczepanik was a Polish economist and the last Prime Minister of the Polish Government in Exile.

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11/10/2004

Keith Miller, Australian cricketer and pilot (born 1919)

Keith Ross Miller was an Australian Test cricketer and a Royal Australian Air Force pilot during World War II. Miller is widely regarded as Australia's greatest ever all-rounder. His ability, irreverent manner and good looks made him a crowd favourite. Journalist Ian Wooldridge called Miller "the golden boy" of cricket, leading to him being nicknamed "Nugget".

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11/10/2001

Beni Montresor, Italian director, set designer, and illustrator (born 1926)

Beni Montresor was an Italian artist, opera and film director, set designer, author and children's book illustrator. He won the 1965 Caldecott Medal for U.S. picture book illustration, recognizing May I Bring a Friend?. The Italian government knighted him in 1966 for his contributions to the arts.

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11/10/2000

Luc-Marie Bayle, French historian, photographer, and painter (born 1914)

Luc-Marie Bayle was a French naval officer, painter, and artist.

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Donald Dewar, Scottish politician, 1st First Minister of Scotland (born 1937)

Donald Campbell Dewar was a Scottish statesman and politician who served as the inaugural first minister of Scotland from 1999 until his death in 2000 and leader of the Labour Party in Scotland from 1998 until his death in 2000. He was widely regarded as the "Father of the Nation" during his tenure as first minister, and the "Architect of Devolution" whilst serving as Secretary of State for Scotland from 1997 to 1999. He was Member of Parliament (MP) for Glasgow Anniesland from 1978 to 2000. Dewar was also Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the equivalent seat from 1999 to 2000.

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11/10/1999

Leo Lionni, Dutch-American author and illustrator (born 1910)

Leo Lionni was an American writer and illustrator of children's books. Born in the Netherlands, he moved to Italy and lived there before moving to the United States in 1939, where he worked as an art director for several advertising agencies, and then for Fortune magazine. He returned to Italy in 1962 and started writing and illustrating children's books. In 1962, his book Inch by Inch was awarded the Lewis Carroll Shelf Award.

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11/10/1998

Richard Denning, American actor (born 1914)

Richard Denning was an American actor who starred in science fiction films of the 1950s, including Unknown Island (1948), Creature from the Black Lagoon (1954), Target Earth (1954), Day the World Ended (1955), Creature with the Atom Brain (1955), and The Black Scorpion (1957). Denning also appeared in the film An Affair to Remember (1957) with Cary Grant and on radio with Lucille Ball in My Favorite Husband (1948–1951), the forerunner of I Love Lucy. He's more well-known as Governor Paul Jameson in late 1968-1980 police procedural TV series Hawaii Five-O.

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11/10/1996

Keith Boyce, Barbadian cricketer (born 1943)

Keith David Boyce was a cricketer who played 21 Tests and 8 One Day Internationals for the West Indies between 1971 and 1976. He was a member of the squad that won the 1975 Cricket World Cup.

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Eleanor Cameron, Canadian-American author and critic (born 1912)

Eleanor Frances (Butler) Cameron was a children's author and critic. She published 20 books in her lifetime, including The Wonderful Flight to the Mushroom Planet (1954) and its sequels, a collection of critical essays called The Green and Burning Tree (1969), and The Court of the Stone Children (1973), which won the U.S. National Book Award in category Children's Books.

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Renato Russo, Brazilian singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1960)

Renato Russo was a Brazilian musician who was the lead singer of the post-punk band Legião Urbana. A Brazilian film depicting his life and career was released in 2013, called Somos Tão Jovens.

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Joe Morris, English-Canadian lieutenant and trade union leader (born 1913)

Joseph Morris was a Canadian trade unionist mostly noted as the president of the Canadian Labour Congress in the 1970s.

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11/10/1993

Andy Stewart, Scottish singer and entertainer (born 1933)

Andrew Stewart MBE was a Scottish singer and entertainer. He presented the BBC TV variety show The White Heather Club throughout the 1960s, and his song "Donald Where's Your Troosers?" was a hit in both 1960 and 1989. Internationally, the song most closely associated with Stewart is "A Scottish Soldier".

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11/10/1991

Redd Foxx, American actor and comedian (born 1922)

John Elroy Sanford, better known by his stage name Redd Foxx, was an American stand-up comedian and actor. Foxx gained success with his raunchy nightclub act before and during the civil rights movement. Known as the "King of the Party Records", he performed on more than 50 records in his lifetime. He portrayed Fred G. Sanford on the television show Sanford and Son and starred in The Redd Foxx Show and The Royal Family.

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11/10/1989

M. King Hubbert, American geologist and academic (born 1904)

Marion King Hubbert was an American geologist and geophysicist. He worked at the Shell research lab in Houston, Texas. He made several important contributions to geology, geophysics, and petroleum geology, most notably the Hubbert curve and Hubbert peak theory, with important political ramifications. He was often referred to as "M. King Hubbert" or "King Hubbert".

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11/10/1988

Bonita Granville, American actress (born 1923)

Bonita Gloria Granville Wrather was an American character actress and producer. The daughter of vaudevillians, Granville began her career on the stage at age three. She began as a child actress, making her film debut in Westward Passage (1932). She rose to prominence for her role in These Three (1936), which earned her an Academy Award nomination at age 14. Her prominence continued with the Nancy Drew film series and roles in Now, Voyager (1942) and Hitler's Children (1943).

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11/10/1986

Norm Cash, American baseball player and sportscaster (born 1934)

Norman Dalton Cash was an American Major League Baseball first baseman who spent almost his entire career with the Detroit Tigers. A power hitter, his 377 career home runs were the fourth most by an American League left-handed hitter when he retired, behind Babe Ruth, Ted Williams and Lou Gehrig; his 373 home runs with the Tigers is tied for second in franchise history with Miguel Cabrera, behind Al Kaline (399). He also led the AL in assists three times and fielding percentage twice; he ranked among the all-time leaders in assists and double plays upon his retirement, and was fifth in AL history in games at first base (1,943). He was known to fans and teammates during his playing days as "Stormin' Norman."

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11/10/1984

Benno Schotz, Scottish sculptor and engineer (born 1891)

Benno Schotz was an Estonian-born Scottish sculptor, and one of Scotland's leading artists during the twentieth century.

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11/10/1983

R. Fraser Armstrong, Canadian administrator and engineer (born 1889)

Roy Fraser Armstrong was a Canadian hospital administrator and engineer who served as the Superintendent of Kingston General Hospital from 1925 to 1957.

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11/10/1977

MacKinlay Kantor, American journalist, author, and screenwriter (born 1904)

MacKinlay Kantor, born Benjamin McKinlay Kantor, was an American journalist, novelist and screenwriter. He wrote more than 30 novels, several set during the American Civil War, and was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1956 for his 1955 novel, Andersonville.

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11/10/1976

Alfredo Bracchi, Italian author, screenwriter, and songwriter (born 1897)

Alfredo Bracchi was a versatile Italian writer, whose production ranged from song lyrics to movie scripts.

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11/10/1971

Tamanoumi Masahiro, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 51st Yokozuna (born 1944)

Tamanoumi Masahiro was a Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Aichi. He was the sport's 51st yokozuna. Making his professional debut in 1959, he reached the top makuuchi division in 1964. He won six tournament championships and was runner-up in 12 others. Earlier in his career he also earned six special prizes and four gold stars. He was promoted to yokozuna simultaneously with his friend and rival Kitanofuji in January 1970 and the two men represented the dawning of a new era after the dominance of Taihō. He died suddenly in October 1971 after a delayed appendectomy.

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Chesty Puller, American general (born 1898)

Lewis Burwell "Chesty" Puller was a United States Marine Corps officer. Beginning his career fighting guerillas in Haiti and Nicaragua as part of the Banana Wars, he later served with distinction in World War II and the Korean War as a senior officer. By the time of his retirement in 1955, he had reached the rank of lieutenant general.

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11/10/1968

Selim Sarper, Turkish educator and politician, 13th Turkish Minister of Foreign Affairs (born 1899)

Selim Rauf Sarper was a Turkish diplomat and politician. He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs between 1960 and 1962.

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11/10/1967

Stanley Morison, typographer, known for work on Times New Roman font (born 1889)

Stanley Arthur Morison was a British typographer, printing executive and historian of printing. Largely self-educated, he promoted higher standards in printing and an awareness of the best printing and typefaces of the past.

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11/10/1965

Dorothea Lange, American photographer and journalist (born 1895)

Dorothea Lange was an American documentary photographer and photojournalist, best known for her Depression-era work for the Farm Security Administration (FSA). Lange's photographs influenced the development of documentary photography and humanized the consequences of the Great Depression.

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Walther Stampfli, Swiss lawyer and politician, 50th President of the Swiss Confederation (born 1884)

Walther Stampfli was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council (1940–1947).

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11/10/1963

Jean Cocteau, French author, poet, and playwright (born 1889)

Jean Maurice Eugène Clément Cocteau was a French poet, playwright, novelist, designer, film director, visual artist and critic. He was one of the foremost avant-garde artists of the 20th century and highly influential on the Surrealist and Dadaist movements, among others. The National Observer suggested that "of the artistic generation whose daring gave birth to Twentieth Century Art, Cocteau came closest to being a Renaissance man".

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11/10/1961

Chico Marx, American comedian (born 1887)

Leonard "Chico" Marx was an American comedian, actor, and pianist. He was the oldest brother in the Marx Brothers comedy troupe, alongside his brothers Arthur ("Harpo"), Julius ("Groucho"), Milton ("Gummo"), and Herbert ("Zeppo"). His persona in the act was that of a charming, uneducated but crafty con artist, seemingly of rural Italian origin, who wore shabby clothes and sported a curly-haired wig and Tyrolean hat. On screen, Chico is often in alliance with Harpo, usually as partners in crime, and is also frequently seen trying to con or outfox Groucho.

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11/10/1960

Richard Cromwell, American actor (born 1910)

Richard Cromwell also known as Roy Radabaugh, was an American actor. His career was at its pinnacle with his work in Jezebel (1938) with Bette Davis and Henry Fonda and again with Fonda in John Ford's Young Mr. Lincoln (1939). Cromwell's fame was perhaps first assured in The Lives of a Bengal Lancer (1935), with Gary Cooper and Franchot Tone. That film was the first major effort directed by Henry Hathaway and it was based upon the popular novel by Francis Yeats-Brown. The Lives of a Bengal Lancer earned Paramount Studios a nomination for Best Picture in 1935, though Mutiny on the Bounty instead took the top award at the Academy Awards that year.

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11/10/1958

Maurice de Vlaminck, French painter (born 1876)

Maurice de Vlaminck was a French painter. Along with André Derain and Henri Matisse, he is considered one of the principal figures in the Fauve movement, a group of modern artists who from 1904 to 1908 were united in their use of intense colour. Vlaminck was one of the Fauves at the controversial Salon d'Automne exhibition of 1905.

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11/10/1941

Heinrich Gutkin, Estonian businessman and politician (born 1879)

Heinrich Gutkin was a trader and the Estonian National Assembly member.

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Mihkel Pung, Estonian politician, 11th Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs (born 1876)

Mihkel Pung was an Estonian politician and a former Minister of Foreign Affairs of Estonia and Speaker of the National Council from 21 April 1938 to 5 July 1940. Pung was Minister of Finance in 1931. He was arrested during the Soviet annexation of Estonia and sent to Sevurallag, a Soviet gulag in Sverdlovsk Oblast. He died in imprisonment in 1941.

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11/10/1940

Vito Volterra, Italian mathematician and physicist (born 1860)

Vito Volterra was an Italian mathematician and physicist, known for his contributions to mathematical biology and integral equations, being one of the founders of functional analysis.

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11/10/1935

Steele Rudd, Australian author (born 1868)

Steele Rudd was the pen name of Arthur Hoey Davis an Australian author, best known for his short story collection On Our Selection.

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11/10/1932

William Alden Smith, American lawyer and politician (born 1859)

William Alden Smith was a U.S. representative and U.S. senator from the state of Michigan. After the 1912 sinking of the Titanic, Smith chaired the Senate hearings into the disaster. His report led to major reforms in maritime safety.

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11/10/1908

Rita Cetina Gutiérrez, Mexican poet, educator, and activist (born 1846)

Rita Cetina Gutiérrez was a 19th-century Mexican educator, writer, and feminist who promoted women's education in Mérida, Yucatán. She helped found a literary society, a periodical, and a school with Gertrudis Tenorio Zavala and Cristina Farfán. All three were called La Siempreviva. She also taught at and served as director of the La Siempreviva school.

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11/10/1904

Mary Tenney Gray, American editorial writer, club-woman, philanthropist, and suffragette (born 1833)

Mary Davy Tenney Gray was a 19th-century American editorial writer, clubwoman, philanthropist, and suffragist from Pennsylvania, who later became a resident of Kansas. She lived in Kansas City, Kansas for more than twenty years and during that time, was identified with almost every woman's movement. She served on the editorial staff of several publications including the New York Teacher, the Leavenworth Home Record, and the Kansas Farmer. Gray's paper on "Women and Kansas City's Development" was awarded the first prize in the competition held by the Women's Auxiliary to the Manufacturers' Association of Kansas City, Missouri.

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11/10/1897

Léon Boëllmann, French organist and composer (born 1862)

Léon Boëllmann was a French composer, known for a small number of compositions for organ. His best-known composition is Suite gothique (1895), which is a staple of the organ repertoire, especially its concluding Toccata.

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11/10/1896

Edward Benson, English archbishop (born 1829)

Edward White Benson was archbishop of Canterbury from 1883 until his death. Before this, he was the first Bishop of Truro, serving from 1877 to 1883, and began construction of Truro Cathedral.

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Anton Bruckner, Austrian organist, composer, and educator (born 1824)

Joseph Anton Bruckner was an Austrian composer and organist best known for his symphonies and sacred music, which includes Masses, Te Deum and motets. The symphonies are considered emblematic of the final stage of Austro-German Romanticism because of their rich harmonic language, strongly polyphonic character, and considerable length. Bruckner's compositions helped to define contemporary musical radicalism, owing to their dissonances, unprepared modulations, and roving harmonies.

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11/10/1889

James Prescott Joule, English physicist and brewer (born 1818)

James Prescott Joule was an English physicist. Joule studied the nature of heat and discovered its relationship to mechanical work. This led to the law of conservation of energy, which in turn led to the development of the first law of thermodynamics. The SI unit of energy, the joule (J), is named after him.

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11/10/1852

Gotthold Eisenstein, German mathematician and academic (born 1823)

Ferdinand Gotthold Max Eisenstein was a German mathematician who made significant contributions to number theory and analysis. Born in Berlin, Prussia, to Jewish parents who converted to Protestantism before his birth, Eisenstein displayed exceptional mathematical talent from a young age.

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11/10/1837

Samuel Wesley, English organist and composer (born 1766)

Samuel Wesley was an English organist and composer in the late Georgian period. Wesley was a contemporary of Mozart (1756–1791) and was called by some "the English Mozart".

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11/10/1830

José de La Mar, Peruvian military leader, President of Peru (born 1776)

José Domingo de la Merced de La Mar y Cortázar was a Peruvian military leader and politician who served as the third President of Peru.

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11/10/1821

John Ross Key, American lieutenant, lawyer, and judge (born 1754)

John Ross Key was a lawyer, a commissioned officer in the Continental Army, a judge, and the father of writer Francis Scott Key.

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11/10/1809

Meriwether Lewis, American captain, explorer, and politician, 2nd Governor of Louisiana Territory (born 1774)

Meriwether Lewis was an American explorer, soldier, politician, and public administrator, best known for his role as the leader of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, also known as the Corps of Discovery, with William Clark. Their mission was to explore the territory of the Louisiana Purchase, establish trade with, and sovereignty over the natives near the Missouri River, and claim the Pacific Northwest and Oregon Country for the United States before European nations. They also collected scientific data and information on indigenous nations. President Thomas Jefferson appointed him Governor of Upper Louisiana in 1806. He died in 1809 of gunshot wounds, in what was either a murder or suicide.

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11/10/1779

Casimir Pulaski, Polish-American general (born 1745)

Kazimierz Michał Władysław Wiktor Pułaski, anglicised as Casimir Pulaski, was a Polish nobleman, soldier, and military commander who has been called "The Father of American cavalry" or "The Soldier of Liberty". Born in Warsaw and following in his father's footsteps, he became interested in politics at an early age. He soon became involved in the military and in revolutionary affairs in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Pulaski was one of the leading military commanders for the Bar Confederation and fought against the Commonwealth's foreign domination. When this uprising failed, he was driven into exile.

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11/10/1725

Hans Herr, Swiss-American bishop (born 1639)

Hans Herr was born in Zürich, Switzerland. While often cited as a descendant of the knight Hugo Herr, scholarship done in the 20th century has put this claim in doubt. He joined the Swiss Brethren and became a bishop. He was the first Mennonite bishop to emigrate to America.

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11/10/1721

Edward Colston, English merchant and politician (born 1636)

Edward Colston was an English merchant, slave trader, philanthropist and Tory Member of Parliament.

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11/10/1708

Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus, German mathematician, physicist, physician, and philosopher (born 1651)

Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus or Tschirnhauß was a German mathematician, physicist, physician, and philosopher. He introduced the Tschirnhaus transformation and is considered by some to have been the inventor of European porcelain, an invention long accredited to Johann Friedrich Böttger, while others claim porcelain had been made by English manufacturers at an even earlier date.

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11/10/1705

Guillaume Amontons, French physicist and instrument maker (born 1663)

Guillaume Amontons was a French scientific instrument inventor and physicist. He was one of the pioneers in studying the problem of friction, which is the resistance to motion when bodies make contact. He is also known for his work on thermodynamics, the concept of absolute zero, and early engine design.

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11/10/1698

William Molyneux, Irish philosopher and writer (born 1656)

William Molyneux FRS was an Anglo-Irish writer and philosopher. He is noted as a close friend of fellow philosopher John Locke, and for proposing Molyneux's Problem, a thought experiment widely discussed.

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11/10/1684

James Tuchet, 3rd Earl of Castlehaven (born c. 1617)

James Tuchet, 3rd Earl of Castlehaven was the son of Mervyn Tuchet, 2nd Earl of Castlehaven and his first wife, Elizabeth Barnham. Castlehaven played a prominent role in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms that took place in the middle of the 17th century, and was particularly active in the conflicts in Ireland at this time.

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11/10/1667

Mattias de' Medici, Italian noble (born 1613)

Mattias de' Medici was the third son of Grand Duke Cosimo II de' Medici of Tuscany and Archduchess Maria Maddalena of Austria. He was governor of Siena, with interruptions, from 1629. He never married.

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11/10/1579

Sokollu Mehmed Pasha, Ottoman politician, 43rd Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (born 1506)

Sokollu Mehmed Pasha was an Ottoman statesman of Serb origin most notable for being the grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire. Born in Ottoman Herzegovina into an Orthodox Christian family, Mehmed was recruited as a young boy as part of so called "blood tax" to serve as a janissary to the Ottoman devşirme system of recruiting Christian boys to be raised as officers or administrators for the state. He rose through the ranks of the Ottoman imperial system, eventually holding positions as commander of the imperial guard (1543–1546), High Admiral of the Fleet (1546–1551), Governor-General of Rumelia (1551–1555), Third Vizier (1555–1561), Second Vizier (1561–1565), and as Grand Vizier under three sultans: Suleiman the Magnificent, Selim II, and Murad III. He was assassinated in 1579, ending his near 15-years of service to several Sultans, as sole legal representative in the administration of state affairs.

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11/10/1542

Thomas Wyatt, English poet and diplomat (born 1503)

Sir Thomas Wyatt was a 16th-century English politician, ambassador, and lyric poet credited with introducing the sonnet to English literature. He was born at Allington Castle near Maidstone in Kent, though his family was originally from Yorkshire. His family adopted the Lancastrian side in the Wars of the Roses. His mother was Anne Skinner, and his father Henry, who had earlier been imprisoned and tortured by Richard III, had been a Privy Councillor of Henry VII and remained a trusted adviser when Henry VIII ascended the throne in 1509.

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11/10/1531

Huldrych Zwingli, Swiss pastor and theologian (born 1484)

Huldrych or Ulrich Zwingli was a Swiss Christian theologian, musician, and leader of the Reformation in Switzerland. Born during a time of emerging Swiss patriotism and increasing criticism of the Swiss mercenary system, he attended the University of Vienna and the University of Basel, a scholarly center of Renaissance humanism. He continued his studies while he served as a pastor in Glarus and later in Einsiedeln, where he was influenced by the writings of Erasmus. During his tenures at Basel and Einsiedeln, Zwingli began to familiarize himself with many criticisms Christian institutions were facing regarding their reform guidance and garnered scripture which aimed to address such criticisms.

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11/10/1424

Jan Žižka, Czech general and Hussite leader

Jan Žižka z Trocnova a Kalicha was a Czech military leader and knight who was a contemporary and follower of Jan Hus, and a prominent Radical Hussite who led the Taborite faction during the Hussite Wars. Renowned for his exceptional military skill, Žižka is celebrated as a Czech national hero. Žižka led the Hussite forces in battles against three crusades and remained undefeated throughout his military career.

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11/10/1347

Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor (born 1282)

Louis IV, called the Bavarian, was King of the Romans from 1314, King of Italy from 1327, and Holy Roman Emperor from 1328 until his death in 1347.

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11/10/1303

Pope Boniface VIII (born 1235)

Pope Boniface VIII was head of the Catholic Church and leader of the Papal States from 24 December 1294 until his death in 1303. The Caetani family was of baronial origin with connections to the papacy. He succeeded Pope Celestine V, who had abdicated from the papal throne. Boniface spent his early pontificate abroad in diplomatic roles.

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11/10/1188

Robert I, Count of Dreux (born 1123)

Robert I of Dreux, nicknamed the Great, was the fifth son of Louis VI of France and Adélaide de Maurienne.

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11/10/1159

William of Blois, Count of Boulogne and Earl of Surrey (born c. 1137)

William I, also referred to as William of Blois, was Count of Boulogne and Earl of Surrey jure uxoris from 1153 until his death. He was the second son of Stephen, King of England, and Matilda I, Countess of Boulogne.

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11/10/1086

Sima Guang, Chinese historian and statesman (born 1019)

Sima Guang, courtesy name Junshi, hao Yusou, was a Chinese historian, politician, and writer. He was a high-ranking Song dynasty scholar-official who authored the Zizhi Tongjian, a monumental work of history.

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11/10/0965

Bruno the Great, Archbishop of Cologne (born 925)

Bruno the Great was the archbishop of Cologne from 953 until his death and the duke of Lotharingia after 954. He was the youngest brother of Emperor Otto I.

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