Died on Tuesday, 14th October – Famous Deaths

14/10/2024

Thomas J. Donohue, American business executive (born 1938)

Thomas Joseph Donohue Sr. was an American business executive. He served as the President and CEO of the United States Chamber of Commerce located in Washington, D.C. from 1997 to 2021. During his leadership of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, Donohue established the U.S. Chamber Institute for Legal Reform and was president of the National Chamber Foundation. Before his leadership at the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, Donohue was President and CEO of the American Trucking Association.

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Tina Kaidanow, American diplomat and government official (born 1965)

Tina Susan Kaidanow was an American diplomat and government official. She served as the Acting Assistant Secretary of State for Political-Military Affairs before moving to the United States Department of Defense. From 2008 to 2009, Kaidanow served as United States Ambassador to Kosovo.

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Janet Nelson, British historian (born 1942)

Dame Janet Laughland Nelson, also known as Jinty Nelson, was a British historian and professor of medieval history at King's College London.

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Philip Zimbardo, American psychologist and academic (born 1933)

Philip George Zimbardo was an American psychologist and a professor at Stanford University. He was an internationally known educator, researcher, author and media personality in psychology who authored more than 500 articles, chapters, textbooks, and trade books covering a wide range of topics, including time perspective, cognitive dissonance, the psychology of evil, persuasion, cults, deindividuation, shyness, and heroism. He became known for his 1971 Stanford prison experiment, which was later criticized as being based on biased science. He authored various widely used, introductory psychology textbooks for college students, and other notable works, including Shyness, The Lucifer Effect, and The Time Paradox.

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14/10/2022

Robbie Coltrane, Scottish actor, comedian and writer (born 1950)

Anthony Robin McMillan OBE, known professionally as Robbie Coltrane, was a Scottish actor. He is best known for his role as Rubeus Hagrid in the Harry Potter film series (2001–2011) and as Dr. Edward "Fitz" Fitzgerald in the crime drama series Cracker.

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14/10/2021

Lee Wan-koo, South Korean politician, 39th Prime Minister of South Korea

Lee Wan-koo was a South Korean politician who briefly served as the prime minister of South Korea in 2015.

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14/10/2019

Harold Bloom, American literary critic (born 1930)

Harold Bloom was an American literary critic and the Sterling Professor of humanities at Yale University. In 2017, Bloom was called "probably the most famous literary critic in the English-speaking world". After publishing his first book in 1959, Bloom wrote more than 50 books, including over 40 books of literary criticism, several books discussing religion, and one novel. He edited hundreds of anthologies concerning numerous literary and philosophical figures for the Chelsea House publishing firm. Bloom's books have been translated into more than 40 languages. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1995.

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Sulli, South Korean actress, singer, and model (born 1994)

Choi Jin-ri, known professionally as Sulli, was a South Korean singer and actress. She first made her debut as a child actress, appearing as a supporting cast member on the SBS historical drama Ballad of Seodong (2005). Following this, she earned a number of guest roles, appearing in the television series Love Needs a Miracle (2005) and Drama City (2007), and the film Vacation (2006). She then subsequently appeared in the independent films Punch Lady (2007) and BA:BO (2008), the former being her first time cast in a substantial dramatic role.

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14/10/2016

Helen Kelly, New Zealand trade union leader (born 1964)

Helen Kelly was President of the New Zealand Council of Trade Unions from 2007 to 2015.

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14/10/2015

Nurlan Balgimbayev, Kazakh politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Kazakhstan (born 1947)

Nūrlan Ötepūly Balğymbaev was a Kazakh politician who served as the Prime Minister of Kazakhstan from 10 October 1997 to 1 October 1999.

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Mathieu Kérékou, Beninese soldier and politician, President of Benin (born 1933)

Mathieu Kérékou was a Beninese politician who served as president of the People's Republic of Benin from 1972 to 1991 and the Republic of Benin from 1996 to 2006.

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Margaret Keyes, American historian and academic (born 1918)

Margaret Naumann Keyes was an American academic and heritage preserver. She was a professor of Home Economics at the University of Iowa. She is also a nationally recognized leader in the field of heritage conservation, best known for her work to preserve the Iowa Old Capitol Building.

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Radhakrishna Hariram Tahiliani, Indian admiral (born 1930)

Admiral Radhakrishna Hariram Tahiliani, PVSM, AVSM was a Flag officer in the Indian Navy. He served as the 11th Chief of the Naval Staff from 1 December 1984 until 30 November 1987. His prior commands included those as the Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief (FOC-IN-C) of the Western Naval Command, FOC-IN-C of the Southern Naval Command and Flag Officer Commanding Western Fleet (FOCWF). A carrier-based aircraft pilot, he also served as the commanding officer of the aircraft carrier, INS Vikrant.

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14/10/2014

A. H. Halsey, English sociologist and academic (born 1923)

Albert Henry 'Chelly' Halsey was a British sociologist. He was emeritus Professor of Social and Administrative Studies at the Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, and a Fellow of Nuffield College, Oxford.

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Leonard Liggio, American author and academic (born 1933)

Leonard P. Liggio was a classical liberal author, research professor of law at George Mason University and executive vice president of the Atlas Network in Fairfax, Virginia.

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Elizabeth Peña, American actress (born 1959)

Elizabeth Maria Peña was an American actress. Her film credits include Down and Out in Beverly Hills (1986), Batteries Not Included, La Bamba, Jacob's Ladder (1990), Rush Hour (1998), and Nothing like the Holidays (2008). Peña won the 1996 Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Female and a Bravo Award for Outstanding Actress in a Feature Film for her work in Lone Star (1996). She also voiced Rosa Santos in the animated television series Maya & Miguel (2004-2007) and Mirage in the animated film The Incredibles (2004).

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14/10/2013

Wally Bell, American baseball player and umpire (born 1965)

Wallace Robert Bell was an American umpire in Major League Baseball (MLB) who worked in the National League from 1992 to 1999 and in both major leagues from 2000 to 2013. He wore the number 36 while a National League umpire, then changed to 35 when the American League and National League staffs were merged in 2000. Tim McClelland wore number 36 longer and he claimed the number.

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Max Cahner, German-Catalan historian and politician (born 1936)

Max Cahner i Garcia was a Catalan politician, and editor and historian of Catalan literature.

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Kōichi Iijima, Japanese author and poet (born 1930)

Kōichi Iijima was a Japanese poet, novelist, and translator. He was a member of the Japan Art Academy.

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Bruno Metsu, French footballer and manager (born 1954)

Bruno Jean Cornil Metsu was a French footballer and football manager. During his senior playing career from 1973 to 1987, he played for seven different clubs in France.

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Frank Moore, American painter and poet (born 1946)

Frank James Moore was an American performance artist, shaman, poet, essayist, painter, musician and Internet/television personality who experimented in art, performance, ritual, and shamanistic teaching since the late 1960s.

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Käty van der Mije-Nicolau, Romanian-Dutch chess player (born 1940)

Käty van der Mije-Nicolau, born Alexandra Ekatarina Nicolau, was a Dutch-Romanian chess player and Woman Grandmaster. She was the Romanian national champion six times before moving to the Netherlands in 1974. In the Netherlands, she was the national champion in 1974 and the years 1976 to 1979. Her best worldwide rank among women was fifth.

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14/10/2012

John Clive, English actor and author (born 1933)

John Clive was an English actor and author, known internationally for his historical and social fiction, such as KG200 and Barossa.

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Max Fatchen, Australian journalist and author (born 1920)

Maxwell Edgar Fatchen, AM was an Australian children's writer and journalist.

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James R. Grover Jr., American lawyer and politician (born 1919)

James Russell Grover Jr. was an American lawyer and politician from New York.

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Larry Sloan, American publisher, co-founded Price Stern Sloan (born 1922)

Lloyd Lawrence "Larry" Sloan was an American publisher of Mad Libs and co-founder of the Los Angeles publishing company, Price Stern Sloan, which opened in the early 1960s.

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Arlen Specter, American lieutenant and politician (born 1930)

Arlen Specter was an American lawyer, author, and politician who served as a United States Senator from Pennsylvania from 1981 to 2011. Specter was a Democrat from 1951 to 1965, then a Republican from 1965 until 2009, when he switched back to the Democratic Party. First elected in 1980, he was the longest-serving senator from Pennsylvania, having represented the state for 30 years.

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Dody Weston Thompson, American photographer (born 1923)

Dody Weston Thompson was a 20th-century American photographer and chronicler of the history and craft of photography. She learned the art in 1947 and developed her own expression of “straight” or realistic photography, the style that emerged in Northern California in the 1930s. Dody worked closely with contemporary icons Edward Weston, Brett Weston and Ansel Adams during the late 1940s and through the 1950s, with additional collaboration with Brett Weston in the 1980s.

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Gart Westerhout, Dutch-American astronomer and academic (born 1927)

Gart Westerhout was a Dutch-American astronomer. Well before completing his university studies at Leiden, he had already become well-established internationally as a radio astronomer in the Netherlands, specializing in studies of radio sources and the Milky Way Galaxy based on observations of radio continuum emissions and 21-cm spectral line radiation that originates in interstellar hydrogen. He emigrated to the United States, became a naturalized citizen, and held a number of important scientific and management positions in academic and government institutions.

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14/10/2011

Reg Alcock, Canadian businessman and politician (born 1948)

Reginald B. Alcock, was a Canadian politician. He represented the riding of Winnipeg South as a Member of Parliament (MP) in the House of Commons of Canada from 1993 to 2006 and was a cabinet minister in the government of Prime Minister Paul Martin. Alcock was a member of the Liberal Party of Canada.

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Ashawna Hailey, American computer scientist and philanthropist (born 1949)

Ashawna Hailey was an American computer scientist and philanthropist. She was among the creators of the HSPICE program, which many electronic design companies worldwide use to simulate the electronic circuits. Her company, Meta-Software, which was behind the commercialization of SPICE, produced compound annual growth rate in excess of 25–30 percent every year for 18 years, and had eventually become part of Synopsys, which calls HSPICE "the 'gold standard' for accurate circuit simulation".

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14/10/2010

Simon MacCorkindale, English actor, director, and producer (born 1952)

Simon Charles Pendered MacCorkindale was a British actor, film director, writer, and producer from Ely, England. He spent much of his childhood moving around owing to his father's career as an officer with the Royal Air Force. Poor eyesight prevented him from following a similar career in the RAF, so he instead planned to become a theatre director. Training at Studio 68 of Theatre Arts in London, he started work as an actor, making his West End debut in 1974. He went on to appear in numerous roles in television, including the series I, Claudius and Jesus of Nazareth, before starring as Simon Doyle in the film Death on the Nile (1978). This proved to be a breakthrough role. He appeared in a variety of films and TV series including Quatermass (1979), The Riddle of the Sands (1979), The Sword and the Sorcerer (1982) and Jaws 3-D (1983).

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Benoit Mandelbrot, Polish-American mathematician and economist (born 1924)

Benoit B. Mandelbrot was a Polish-born French-American mathematician and polymath with broad interests in the practical sciences, especially regarding what he labeled as "the art of roughness" of physical phenomena and "the uncontrolled element in life". He referred to himself as a "fractalist" and is recognized for his contribution to the field of fractal geometry, which included coining the word "fractal", as well as developing a theory of "roughness and self-similarity" in nature.

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14/10/2009

Martyn Sanderson, New Zealand actor and screenwriter (born 1938)

Martyn Sanderson was a New Zealand actor, director, producer, writer and poet.

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Collin Wilcox, American actress (born 1935)

Collin Randall Wilcox was an American film, stage and television actress. Over her career, she was also credited as Collin Wilcox-Horne or Collin Wilcox-Paxton. Wilcox may be best known for her role in To Kill a Mockingbird (1962), in which she played Mayella Violet Ewell, whose father falsely claimed she had been raped by a black man, which sparks the trial at the center of the film.

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Lou Albano, American professional wrestler (born 1933)

Louis Vincent Albano was an Italian-American professional wrestler, manager and actor, who performed under the ring/stage name "Captain" Lou Albano. He was active as a professional wrestler from 1953 until 1969, before becoming a manager until 1996.

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14/10/2008

Robert Furman, American engineer and intelligence officer (born 1915)

Robert Ralph Furman was a civil engineer who during World War II was the chief of foreign intelligence for the Manhattan Engineer District directing espionage against the German nuclear energy project. He participated in the Alsos Mission, which conducted a series of operations with the intent to place all uranium in Europe into Allied hands, and at the end of the war rounded up German atomic scientists to keep them out of the Soviet Union. He personally escorted half of the uranium-235 necessary for the Little Boy atomic bomb to the Pacific island of Tinian. He was also a key figure overseeing the construction of The Pentagon building. After the war he founded Furman Builders Inc., a construction company that built hundreds of structures, including the Potomac Mills shopping mall in Woodbridge, Virginia.

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Kazys Petkevičius, Lithuanian basketball player and coach (born 1926)

Kazimieras "Kazys" Petkevičius was a Lithuanian basketball player who competed for the Soviet Union in the 1952 Summer Olympics and in the 1956 Summer Olympics. He played for Žalgiris in Kaunas and later for Spartak Leningrad in Leningrad.

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14/10/2006

Freddy Fender, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1937)

Freddy Fender was an American Country and Tejano singer, of Mexican descent, known for his work as a solo artist and in the groups Los Super Seven and the Texas Tornados. His signature sound fused country, rock, swamp pop and Tex-Mex styles.

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Klaas Runia, Dutch theologian and journalist (born 1926)

Klaas Runia was a Dutch theologian, churchman and journalist. He studied at the Free University, Amsterdam and obtained his doctorate with a dissertation on the concept of theological time in Karl Barth in 1955. In 1956 he was appointed Professor of Systematic theology at the Reformed Theological College in Geelong, Australia, where he taught until his return to the Netherlands in 1971. During his time in Australia he exerted much influence on evangelical Christians, particularly at universities and theological schools. He was also elected chairman of the Reformed Ecumenical Council from 1968 to 1976. In 1971 he was appointed Professor of Practical Theology at the Kampen Theological University. During his professorship he was heavily engaged in church affairs and was regarded as a leader of the orthodox wing of the Dutch Reformed Church, now the Protestant Church in the Netherlands. For many years he was also active as a journalist. He was editor-in-chief of Centraal Weekblad from 1972 to 1996. He also wrote many articles in the Frisian daily newspaper Friesch Dagblad. He retired in 1992, but remained active as a theologian and journalist until his death in 2006.

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Gerry Studds, American educator and politician (born 1937)

Gerry Eastman Studds was an American politician from Massachusetts who served as a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives from 1973 until 1997. He was the first member of Congress to be openly gay. In 1983, Studds was censured by the House for having sex with a 17-year-old page.

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14/10/2004

Ted Blakey, American historian, activist, and businessman (born 1925)

Theodore Robert Blakey was an American historian, businessman, and activist. He was instrumental in the civil rights movement in South Dakota and was leader of the committee that helped the state ratify the Twenty-fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Blakey was among the first African American leaders of Junior Chamber International, Kiwanis, and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He was named the state's black historian in 1995 and was inducted into the South Dakota Hall of Fame in 1997.

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14/10/2003

Patrick Dalzel-Job, English linguist, commander, and navigator (born 1913)

Patrick Dalzel-Job was a British naval intelligence officer and commando in World War II. He was also an accomplished linguist, author, mariner, navigator, parachutist, diver, and skier.

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14/10/2002

Norbert Schultze, German composer and conductor (born 1911)

Norbert Arnold Wilhelm Richard Schultze was a prolific German composer of film music and a member of the NSDAP and of Joseph Goebbels' staff during World War II. He is best remembered for having written the melody of the World War II classic "Lili Marleen", originally a poem from the 1915 book Die kleine Hafenorgel by Hans Leip.

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14/10/2000

Art Coulter, Canadian-American ice hockey player (born 1909)

Arthur Edmund Coulter was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman who played for the New York Rangers and Chicago Black Hawks in the National Hockey League.

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Tony Roper, American race car driver (born 1964)

Anthony Dean Roper was an American professional stock car racing driver. A competitor in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, he died after suffering injuries in a racing accident at Texas Motor Speedway.

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14/10/1999

Julius Nyerere, Tanzanian educator and politician, 1st President of Tanzania (born 1922)

Julius Kambarage Nyerere was a Tanzanian politician, anti-colonial activist, and political theorist. He governed Tanganyika as prime minister from 1961 to 1962 and then as president from 1962 to 1964, after which he led its successor state, Tanzania, as president from 1964 to 1985. He was a founding member and chair of the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU) party and of its successor, Chama Cha Mapinduzi, from 1954 to 1990. Ideologically an African nationalist and African socialist, he promoted a political philosophy known as Ujamaa.

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14/10/1998

Cleveland Amory, American author and activist (born 1917)

Cleveland Amory was an American author, reporter, television critic, commentator and animal rights activist. He wrote a series of popular books poking fun at the pretensions and customs of society, starting with The Proper Bostonians in 1947. From the 1950s through the 1990s, he had a career as a reporter and writer for national magazines and as a television and radio commentator. In the late 1980s and 1990s, he wrote bestselling books about his adopted cat, Polar Bear, starting with The Cat Who Came for Christmas (1987). Amory devoted much of his life to promoting animal rights, particularly protection of animals from hunting and vivisection. The executive director of the Humane Society of the United States described Amory as "the founding father of the modern animal protection movement."

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Frankie Yankovic, American accordion player (born 1916)

Frank John Yankovic was an American accordion player and polka musician. Known as "America's Polka King", Yankovic was considered the premier artist to play in the Slovenian style during his long career. He was not related to fellow accordionist "Weird Al" Yankovic, although the two collaborated.

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14/10/1997

Harold Robbins, American author (born 1915)

Harold Robbins was an American author. One of the best-selling writers of all time, he wrote over 25 best-sellers, selling over 750 million copies in 32 languages.

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14/10/1990

Leonard Bernstein, American pianist, composer, and conductor (born 1918)

Leonard Bernstein was an American conductor, composer, pianist, music educator, author, and humanitarian. Considered to be one of the most important conductors of his time, he was the first American-born conductor to receive international acclaim. Bernstein was "one of the most prodigiously talented and successful musicians in American history" according to music critic Donal Henahan. Bernstein's honors and accolades include seven Emmy Awards, two Tony Awards, and 16 Grammy Awards as well as an Academy Award nomination. He received the Kennedy Center Honor in 1981.

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14/10/1986

Keenan Wynn, American actor (born 1916)

Francis Xavier Aloysius James Jeremiah Keenan Wynn was an American character actor. His expressive face was his stock-in-trade. Though he rarely had a lead role, he had prominent billing in most of his film and television roles.

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Takahiko Yamanouchi, Japanese physicist (born 1902)

Takahiko Yamanouchi was a Japanese theoretical physicist, known for group theory in quantum mechanics first proposed by Yamanouchi in Japan.

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14/10/1985

Emil Gilels, Ukrainian-Russian pianist (born 1916)

Emil Grigoryevich Gilels was a Russian and Soviet pianist. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest pianists of all time. His sister Elizabeth, three years his junior, was a violinist. His daughter Elena became a pianist.

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14/10/1984

Martin Ryle, English astronomer and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1918)

Sir Martin Ryle was an English radio astronomer who developed revolutionary radio telescope systems and used them for accurate location and imaging of weak radio sources. In 1946 Ryle and Derek Vonberg were the first people to publish interferometric astronomical measurements at radio wavelengths. With improved equipment, Ryle observed the most distant known galaxies in the universe at that time. He was the first Professor of Radio Astronomy in the University of Cambridge and founding director of the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory. He was the twelfth Astronomer Royal from 1972 to 1982. Ryle and Antony Hewish shared the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1974, the first Nobel prize awarded in recognition of astronomical research. In the 1970s, Ryle turned the greater part of his attention from astronomy to social and political issues which he considered to be more urgent. He was also an enthusiastic amateur radio operator.

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14/10/1983

Willard Price, Canadian-American historian and author (born 1887)

Willard DeMille Price was a Canadian-born American traveller, journalist and author.

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14/10/1982

Louis Rougier, French philosopher from the Vienna Circle (born 1889)

Louis Auguste Paul Rougier was a French philosopher who introduced the idea of neoliberalism to France in the 1930s. Rougier made many important contributions to epistemology, philosophy of science, political philosophy and the history of Christianity.

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14/10/1977

Bing Crosby, American singer-songwriter and actor (born 1903)

Harry Lillis "Bing" Crosby Jr. was an American singer and actor. One of the first multimedia stars, he was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century worldwide. Crosby was a leader in record sales, network radio ratings, and motion picture grosses from 1926 to 1977. He was one of the first global cultural icons. Crosby made over 70 feature films and recorded more than 1,600 songs.

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14/10/1976

Edith Evans, English actress (born 1888)

Dame Edith Mary Evans was an English actress. She was best known for her work on the West End stage, but also appeared in films at the beginning and towards the end of her career. Between 1964 and 1968, she was nominated for three Academy Awards.

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14/10/1973

Edmund A. Chester, American journalist and broadcaster (born 1897)

Edmund Albert Chester Sr. was an American television executive and journalist. He served as a vice president and executive at the CBS radio and television networks during the 1940s. As Director of Latin American Relations he collaborated with the Department of State to develop CBS's La Cadena de las Americas radio network in support of Pan-Americanism during World War II. He also served as a highly respected journalist and Bureau Chief for Latin America at Associated Press and Vice President at La Prensa Asociada in the 1930s. He was awarded the Carlos Manuel de Cespedes National Order of Merit by the government of Cuba in recognition of his efforts to foster greater understanding between the peoples of Cuba and the United States of America.

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Ahmed Hamdi, Egyptian general and engineer (born 1929)

Ahmed Hamdi was an Egyptian engineer and a general of the 3rd Army of Egypt during the Yom Kippur War. He was killed while crossing the Suez Canal with his soldiers and was awarded the Sinai star posthumously.

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14/10/1970

Mavis Wheeler, English socialite and artist's model, also known for shooting her lover (born 1908)

Mavis Wheeler was an English artist's model, the mistress of painter Augustus John, and the wife of prankster Horace de Vere Cole and archaeologist Sir Mortimer Wheeler. She came to public notice in 1954 when she shot her lover Anthony Vivian, 5th Baron Vivian.

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14/10/1969

Haguroyama Masaji, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 36th Yokozuna (born 1914)

Haguroyama Masaji was a Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Nakanokuchi, Niigata. He was the sport's 36th yokozuna. He was a yokozuna for a period of twelve years and three months dating from his promotion to that rank in May 1941 until his retirement in September 1953, which was an all-time record until surpassed in 2019 by Hakuhō. During his career Haguroyama won seven top division championships and was runner-up on six other occasions. However, he was always in the shadow of yokozuna Futabayama, who came from the same stable. After his retirement he was the head coach of Tatsunami stable until his death in 1969.

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August Sang, Estonian poet and translator (born 1914)

August Sang was an Estonian poet and literary translator. Sang was a member of the Arbujad literary group, which represented a new direction in Estonian poetry before the outbreak of World War II. He was known as a translator of poetry from German, Russian, French and Czech languages.

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14/10/1967

Marcel Aymé, French author and playwright (born 1902)

Marcel Aymé was a French novelist and playwright, who also wrote screenplays and works for children.

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14/10/1966

George Carstairs, Australian rugby league player (born 1900)

George James Carstairs (1900–1966) was an Australian rugby league player who played in the 1920s and represented Australia.

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Arthur Folwell, English-Australian rugby league player, coach, and administrator (born 1904)

Arthur Fitzgerald Folwell was a British-born Australian professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1920s, 1930s and 1940s, coached in the 1940s, and was an administrator in the mid-20th century. An Australia national and New South Wales state representative hooker, he played his club football in the New South Wales Rugby Football League for Sydney's Newtown before becoming their coach and taking them to the 1943 NSWRFL premiership.

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14/10/1965

William Hogenson, American sprinter (born 1884)

William P. Hogenson was an American athlete and sprinter, who competed in the early twentieth century. He won a silver medal in Athletics at the 1904 Summer Olympics in the men's 60 m dash, but was beaten by Archie Hahn, who took gold. He also won two bronze medals, over 100 m and 200 m, both distances won by Archie Hahn of the United States.

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Randall Jarrell, American poet and author (born 1914)

Randall Jarrell jə-REL was an American poet, literary critic, children's author, essayist, and novelist. He was the 11th Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress—a position that now bears the title Poet Laureate of the United States.

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14/10/1961

Paul Ramadier, French politician, 129th Prime Minister of France (born 1888)

Paul Ramadier was a French statesman who served as Prime Minister of France in 1947.

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Harriet Shaw Weaver, English journalist and activist (born 1876)

Harriet Shaw Weaver was an English political activist and a magazine editor. She was a significant patron of Irish writer James Joyce.

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14/10/1960

Abram Ioffe, Russian physicist and academic (born 1880)

Abram Fedorovich Ioffe was a Russian and Soviet physicist. He received the Stalin Prize (1942) and the Lenin Prize (1961) (posthumously). Ioffe was an expert in various areas of solid state physics and electromagnetism. He established research laboratories for radioactivity, superconductivity, and nuclear physics, many of which became independent institutes. He has been described as the "father of Soviet physics".

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14/10/1959

Jack Davey, New Zealand-Australian singer and radio host (born 1907)

John Andrew Davey, known as Jack Davey, was a New Zealand-born singer and pioneering star of Australian radio as a performer, producer, writer and host from the early 1930s into the late 1950s. Later in his career he also worked briefly in television, primarily as a presenter.

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Errol Flynn, Australian-American actor, singer, and producer (born 1909)

Errol Leslie Thomson Flynn was an Australian and American actor who achieved worldwide fame during the Golden Age of Hollywood. He was known for his romantic swashbuckler roles, frequent partnerships with Olivia de Havilland and reputation for his womanising and hedonistic personal life.

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14/10/1958

Douglas Mawson, Australian geologist, academic, and explorer (born 1882)

Sir Douglas Mawson was an Australian geologist, Antarctic explorer, and academic. He is known for being a key expedition leader during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration, along with Roald Amundsen, Robert Falcon Scott, and Sir Ernest Shackleton. However most of his geological work was undertaken in South Australia, in particular the Precambrian rocks of the Flinders Ranges.

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Nikolay Zabolotsky, Russian-Soviet poet and translator (born 1903)

Nikolay Alekseyevich Zabolotsky was a prominent Soviet and Russian poet and translator.

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14/10/1953

Émile Sarrade, French rugby player and tug of war competitor (born 1877)

France was the host of the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris. France was one of many nations that had competed in the 1896 Summer Olympics in Greece, which were the first international Olympic Games held in modern history, and had returned to compete at the 1900 Games.

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Kyuichi Tokuda, Japanese lawyer and politician (born 1894)

Kyuichi Tokuda was a Japanese politician and first chairman of the Japanese Communist Party from 1945 until his death in 1953.

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14/10/1944

Erwin Rommel, German field marshal (born 1891)

Johannes Erwin Eugen Rommel, known as The Desert Fox, was a German Generalfeldmarschall during World War II. He served in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany, as well as in the Reichswehr of the Weimar Republic, and Imperial German Army of the German Empire.

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14/10/1943

Sobibór uprising:

Rudolf Beckmann was a German SS-Oberscharführer in the Sobibor extermination camp. He was stabbed to death during the uprising in Sobibor by inmates. Beckmann was a member of the Nazi Party and the Schutzstaffel. Nothing is known about his early life.

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Sobibór uprising:

Siegfried Graetschus was a German SS functionary at the Sobibor extermination camp during Operation Reinhard, the deadliest phase of the Holocaust in occupied Poland. He was assassinated by a prisoner during the Sobibor uprising.

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Sobibór uprising:

Johann Niemann was a German SS officer and Holocaust perpetrator who was deputy commandant of Sobibor extermination camp during Operation Reinhard. He also served as a Leichenverbrenner at Grafeneck, Brandenburg, and Bernburg during the Aktion T4, the SS "euthanasia" program. Niemann was killed during the Sobibor prisoner uprising in 1943.

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14/10/1942

Noboru Yamaguchi, Japanese mob boss (born 1902)

Noboru Yamaguchi was the second kumicho, or Godfather, of the Yamaguchi-gumi yakuza gang in Japan.

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14/10/1930

Samuel van Houten, Dutch lawyer and politician, Dutch Minister of the Interior (born 1837)

Samuel van Houten was a Dutch liberal politician, who served as Minister of the Interior from 1894 to 1897.

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14/10/1929

Henri Berger, German composer and bandleader (born 1844)

Henry or Henri Berger was a Prussian Kapellmeister, composer and royal bandmaster of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi from 1872 to 1915.

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14/10/1923

Marcellus Emants, Dutch-Swiss author, poet, and playwright (born 1848)

Marcellus Emants was a Dutch novelist whose work is considered one of the few examples of Dutch Naturalism. His writing is seen as a first step towards the renewing force of the Tachtigers towards modern Dutch literature, a movement which started around the 1880s. His most well-known work is A Posthumous Confession, published in 1894, translated by J. M. Coetzee.

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14/10/1911

John Marshall Harlan, American lawyer and politician (born 1833)

John Marshall Harlan was an American lawyer and politician who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1877 until his death in 1911. He is often called "The Great Dissenter" due to his many dissents in cases that restricted civil liberties, including the Civil Rights Cases, Plessy v. Ferguson, and Giles v. Harris. Many of Harlan's views expressed in his notable dissents would become the official view of the Supreme Court starting from the 1950s Warren Court and onward.

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14/10/1831

Jean-Louis Pons, French astronomer and educator (born 1761)

Jean-Louis Pons was a French astronomer. Despite humble beginnings and being self-taught, he went on to become the greatest visual comet discoverer of all time: between 1801 and 1827 Pons discovered thirty-seven comets, more than any other person in history.

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14/10/1758

James Francis Edward Keith, Scottish-Prussian field marshal (born 1696)

James Francis Edward Keith was a Scottish soldier and Generalfeldmarschall of the Royal Prussian Army. As a Jacobite he took part in a failed attempt to restore the Stuart Monarchy to Britain. When this failed, he fled to Europe, living in France, and then Spain. He joined the Spanish and eventually the Russian armies and fought in the Anglo-Spanish War and the Russo-Swedish War. In the latter he participated in the conquest of Finland and became its viceroy. Subsequently, he participated in the coup d'état that put Elizabeth of Russia on the throne.

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14/10/1711

Tewoflos, Ethiopian emperor (born 1708)

Tewoflos, throne name Walda Anbasa, was Emperor of Ethiopia from 1 July 1708 to 14 October 1711, and a member of the Solomonic dynasty. He was the brother of Iyasu I, and one of five sons of Yohannes I.

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14/10/1703

Thomas Kingo, Danish bishop and poet (born 1634)

Thomas Hansen Kingo was a Danish bishop, poet and hymnwriter born in Slangerup, near Copenhagen. His work marked the high point of Danish baroque poetry.

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14/10/1669

Antonio Cesti, Italian organist and composer (born 1623)

Antonio Cesti, known today primarily as an Italian composer of the Baroque era, was also a singer (tenor) and organist. He was "the most celebrated Italian musician of his generation".

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14/10/1637

Gabriello Chiabrera, Italian poet (born 1552)

Gabriello Chiabrera was an Italian poet, sometimes called the Italian Pindar. His "new metres and a Hellenic style enlarged the range of lyric forms available to later Italian poets." Chiabrera is routinely compared by Italian critics to his younger contemporary Giambattista Marino.

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14/10/1631

Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow, queen of Denmark and Norway (born 1557)

Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow was Queen of Denmark and Norway from 1572 to 1588 as the wife of Frederick II. She was the mother of Christian IV and Anne of Denmark, and served as regent of the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein from 1590 to 1594. Especially noted for her effective management of her extensive dower lands and a large credit operation, which made her one of the wealthiest landowners and financiers of her time, she was an influential political figure in Northern Europe.

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14/10/1619

Samuel Daniel, English poet and historian (born 1562)

Samuel Daniel (1562–1619) was an English poet, playwright and historian in the late-Elizabethan and early-Jacobean eras. He was an innovator in a wide range of literary genres. His best-known works are the sonnet cycle Delia, the epic poem The Civil Wars Between the Houses of Lancaster and York, the dialogue in verse Musophilus, and the essay on English poetry A Defence of Rhyme. He was considered one of the preeminent authors of his time, and his works had a significant influence on contemporary writers, including William Shakespeare. Daniel's writings continued to influence authors for centuries after his death, especially the Romantic poets Samuel Taylor Coleridge and William Wordsworth. C. S. Lewis called Daniel "the most interesting man of letters" whom the sixteenth century produced in England. George Eliot quoted from Musophilus, “Why should our pride make such a stir to be …”, uncredited, in Middlemarch

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14/10/1618

Gervase Clifton, 1st Baron Clifton, English nobleman (bornc. 1570)

Gervase Clifton, 1st Baron Clifton was an English nobleman.

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14/10/1610

Amago Yoshihisa, Japanese daimyō (born 1540)

Amago Yoshihisa was a daimyō (lord) of Izumo Province.

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14/10/1568

Jacques Arcadelt, Dutch singer and composer (born 1507)

Jacques Arcadelt was a Franco-Flemish composer of the Renaissance, active in both Italy and France, and principally known as a composer of secular vocal music. Although he also wrote sacred vocal music, he was one of the most famous of the early composers of madrigals; his first book of madrigals, published within a decade of the appearance of the earliest examples of the form, was the most widely printed collection of madrigals of the entire era. In addition to his work as a madrigalist, and distinguishing him from the other prominent early composers of madrigals – Philippe Verdelot and Costanzo Festa – he was equally prolific and adept at composing chansons, particularly late in his career when he lived in Paris.

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14/10/1565

Thomas Chaloner, English poet and politician (born 1521)

Sir Thomas Chaloner was an English statesman and poet.

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14/10/1552

Oswald Myconius, Swiss theologian and reformer (born 1488)

Oswald Myconius was a Swiss Protestant theologian and Protestant reformer. He was a follower of Huldrych Zwingli.

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14/10/1536

Garcilaso de la Vega, Spanish poet (born 1503)

Garcilaso de la Vega, KOS was a Spanish soldier and poet. Although not the first or the only one to do so, he was the most influential poet to introduce Italian Renaissance verse forms, poetic techniques, and themes to Spain.

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14/10/1416

Henry the Mild, duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg

Henry of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, was called Henry the Mild. He was the prince of Lüneburg from 1388 to 1409 jointly with his brother Bernard I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, from 1400 to 1409, and also of Wolfenbüttel, and from 1409 until his death sole prince of Lüneburg.

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14/10/1366

Ibn Nubata, Arab poet (born 1287)

Abu Bakr Jamāl al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Sharaf al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Ṣāliḥ ibn Yaḥyā ibn Ṭāhir ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Khaṭīb ʿAbd al-Raḥīm ibn Nubāta, better known simply as Ibn Nubāta was an Arab poet of the Mamluk period. Best known for his poetry, he also wrote prose. His works are largely not, or not critically, edited to this day, but in 2018 Thomas Bauer was reported to be completing an edition of his al-Qaṭr an-Nubātī. Research on Ibn Nubata's work is still in its infancy.

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14/10/1318

Edward Bruce, High King of Ireland (born 1275)

Edward Bruce, Earl of Carrick, was a younger brother of Robert the Bruce, King of Scots. He supported his brother in the 1306–1314 struggle for the Scottish crown, then pursued his own claims in Ireland. Proclaimed High King of Ireland in 1315 and crowned in 1316, he was eventually defeated and killed by Anglo-Irish forces of the Lordship of Ireland at the Battle of Faughart in County Louth in 1318.

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14/10/1256

Kujō Yoritsugu, Japanese shogun (born 1239)

Kujō Yoritsugu , also known as Fujiwara no Yoritsugu , was the fifth shōgun of the Kamakura shogunate of Japan. His father was the 4th Kamakura shōgun, Kujō Yoritsune.

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14/10/1240

Razia Sultana, female sultan of Delhi (born c. 1205)

Raziyyat-Ud-Dunya Wa Ud-Din, popularly known as Razia Sultan, was the Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate from 1236 until her deposition in 1240. She was the first and only female ruler of the Indian Subcontinent during the Islamic Period.

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14/10/1217

Isabella, English noblewoman and wife of John of England (born c. 1173)

Isabella, Countess of Gloucester, was an Anglo-Norman noblewoman who was the first wife of King John of England.

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14/10/1213

Geoffrey Fitz Peter, 1st Earl of Essex, English sheriff and Chief Justiciar

Geoffrey Fitz Peter, Earl of Essex was a prominent member of the government of England during the reigns of Richard I and John. The patronymic is sometimes rendered Fitz Piers, for he was the son of Piers de Lutegareshale, a forester of Ludgershall and Maud .

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14/10/1184

Yusuf I, Almohad caliph (born 1135)

Abu Ya‘qub Yusuf or Yusuf I was the second Almohad Amir or caliph. He reigned from 1163 until 1184 in Marrakesh. He was responsible for the construction of the Giralda in Seville, which was part of a new grand mosque. He was a keen student of philosophy and patron of Averroes.

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14/10/1092

Nizam al-Mulk, Persian scholar and politician (born 1018)

Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī Ṭūsī, better known by his honorific title of Niẓām al-Mulk, was a Persian Sunni scholar, jurist, and vizier of the Seljuk Empire. Rising from a low position within the empire, he became the de facto ruler of the realm for 20 years after the assassination of Sultan Alp Arslan in 1072, and is often portrayed in Persianate historical traditions as the archetypal "good vizier". Widely regarded as one of the most influential statesmen in medieval Islamic history, the administrative policies and bureaucratic frameworks formalized by Nizam al-Mulk deeply influenced Perso-Islamic statecraft for centuries.

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14/10/1077

Andronikos Doukas, Byzantine courtier (born 1022)

Andronikos Doukas, Latinized as Andronicus Ducas, was a protovestiarios and protoproedros of the Byzantine Empire.

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14/10/1066

Battle of Hastings:

Harold Godwinson, also called Harold II, was the last crowned Anglo-Saxon king of England. Harold reigned from 6 January 1066 until his death at the Battle of Hastings on 14 October 1066, the decisive battle of the Norman Conquest. He was succeeded by William the Conqueror, the victor at Hastings.

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Battle of Hastings:

Leofwine Godwinson was a younger brother of King Harold Godwinson, the fifth son of Earl Godwin.

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Battle of Hastings:

Gyrth Godwinson was the fourth son of Earl Godwin, and thus a younger brother of Harold Godwinson. He went with his eldest brother Sweyn into exile to Flanders in 1051, but unlike Sweyn he was able to return with the rest of the clan the following year. Along with his brothers Harold and Tostig, Gyrth was present at his father's death-bed.

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14/10/0996

Al-Aziz Billah, Fatimid caliph (born 955)

Abu Mansur Nizar, known by his regnal name as al-Aziz Billah, was the fifth caliph of the Fatimid dynasty, from 975 to his death in 996. His reign saw the capture of Damascus and the Fatimid expansion into the Levant, which brought al-Aziz into conflict with the Byzantine emperor Basil II over control of Aleppo. During the course of this expansion, al-Aziz took into his service large numbers of Turkic and Daylamite slave-soldiers, thereby breaking the near-monopoly on Fatimid military power held until then by the Kutama Berbers.

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14/10/0962

Gerloc, Frankish noblewoman

Gerloc, baptised in Rouen as Adela in 912, was the daughter of Rollo, of Normandy, Count of Rouen, and his wife, Poppa of Bayeux. She was the sister of William I Longsword of Normandy.

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14/10/0869

Pang Xun, Chinese rebel leader

Pang Xun was the leader of a major rebellion, by soldiers from Xu Prefecture, against the rule of Emperor Yizong of the Chinese Tang dynasty, from 868 to 869. He was eventually defeated by the Tang general Kang Chengxun, who was assisted by the Shatuo general Zhuye Chixin.

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14/10/0841

Shi Yuanzhong, Chinese governor

Shi Yuanzhong was a Chinese general of the Tang dynasty, serving for several years as the military governor (Jiedushi) of Lulong Circuit and ruling it in de facto independence from the imperial government until he was killed in 841.

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14/10/0530

Antipope Dioscorus

Dioscorus was a deacon of the Alexandrian and the Roman church from 506. In a disputed election following the death of Pope Felix IV, the majority of electors picked him to be pope, in spite of Pope Felix's wishes that Boniface II should succeed him. However, Dioscorus died less than a month after the election, allowing Boniface to be consecrated pope and Dioscorus to be branded an antipope.

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