Died on Tuesday, 7th October – Famous Deaths

07/10/2024

Cissy Houston, American singer (born 1933)

Emily "Cissy" Houston was an American soul and gospel singer. Born in Newark, New Jersey, Houston began singing with three of her siblings in a family gospel group, the Drinkard Singers. By the early 1960s, Houston had begun a career as a session vocalist for several secular musicians in the rhythm and blues, soul, rock and roll, and pop genres. After joining her nieces' group the Gospelaires for a session with Ronnie Hawkins in 1961, Houston gradually took control of the group, which revamped into "the Group" with Houston, niece Sylvia Shemwell, Myrna Smith and teenager Estelle Brown. She eventually founded the girl group the Sweet Inspirations with Shemwell, Smith and Brown in 1967 and that year signed a contract with Atlantic Records. With Houston as lead singer, the Sweet Inspirations would record four albums before Houston departed for a solo career in 1970. Her best-known solo singles include the top 20 R&B chart single, "I'll Be There" and the top 5 dance single, "Think It Over". Her solo career culminated with two Grammy Award wins, both in the Traditional Gospel Album category.

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Arie L. Kopelman, American businessman (born 1938)

Arie Leonard Kopelman was an American businessman and philanthropist. He served as the President and COO of Chanel from 1986 until 2004, when he retired and was succeeded by former Banana Republic President Maureen Chiquet. He remained at Chanel as Vice Chairman of the Board until 2008.

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Zaw Myint Maung, Burmese politician, physician and former political prisoner (born 1951)

Zaw Myint Maung was a Burmese politician, physician and political prisoner who served as Chief Minister of Mandalay Region and Mandalay Region MP for Amarapura Township.

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Lore Segal, American novelist (born 1928)

Lore Vailer Segal was an Austrian-American novelist, translator, teacher, short story writer, and author of children's books. She was the author of five novels, and was known for her autobiographical fiction, drawing on her life as an Austrian Jewish refugee who fled to the United Kingdom as a child, growing up in England before settling in the United States. Her fourth novel, Shakespeare's Kitchen, was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in 2008.

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07/10/2023

Israelis murdered or fell in the line of duty during the October 7 attacks

Lior Asulin was an Israeli footballer who played as a striker. He was murdered during the Nova music festival massacre, which led to the outbreak of the Gaza war.

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Israelis murdered or fell in the line of duty during the October 7 attacks

Jayar Davidov was an Israeli police officer who was a police commander in Rahat and a Chief Superintendent in the Israel Police. Davidov was killed in the line of duty during the October 7 attacks.

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Israelis murdered or fell in the line of duty during the October 7 attacks

Asaf Hamami was an IDF officer with the rank of colonel, serving as the commander of the Southern Brigade in the Gaza Strip. Prior to that, he served as the commander of the Negev Brigade, commander of the Oz Brigade training school, and commander of the Tzabar Battalion.

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Israelis murdered or fell in the line of duty during the October 7 attacks

Hayim Katsman was an American-Israeli peace activist and academic. He was murdered in the Holit massacre in Israel, on 7 October 2023.

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Israelis murdered or fell in the line of duty during the October 7 attacks

Ofir Libstein was an Israeli politician. He served as head of the Sha'ar HaNegev Regional Council from 2018 to 2023. Libstein was killed in the Kfar Aza massacre in part of the attack which sparked the Gaza war.

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Israelis murdered or fell in the line of duty during the October 7 attacks

Roi Yosef Levy was an officer in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) with the rank of colonel who served in his last position as commander of the Multidimensional Unit. He had previously served as commander of the Fire Training Center in Melah, commander of the Bar'am Brigade, commander of the Unit 621 – 'Egoz', commander of the Hadar Battalion and commander of the 1st 'Golani' Brigade. He was killed in the battle of Re'im during an encounter with Palestinian militants during the Gaza war.

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Israelis murdered or fell in the line of duty during the October 7 attacks

On 7 October 2023, during the Nova music festival massacre, Shani Nicole Louk, a 22-year-old German-Israeli tattoo artist and influencer, was killed. Shortly after the attack, a video circulated showing her body paraded through the streets of Gaza City by Hamas militants in the back of a pickup truck. Described by security experts and commentators as Hamas's social media propaganda, it became one of the first viral videos of the Gaza war. The images became emblematic of militants' conduct toward civilians in the October 7 attacks.

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Israelis murdered or fell in the line of duty during the October 7 attacks

Omer Neutra was an American-Israeli Israel Defense Forces (IDF) officer who was killed by Palestinian militants in the October 7, 2023 attack.

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Israelis murdered or fell in the line of duty during the October 7 attacks

Yizhar Peled was an Israeli police officer with the rank of Assistant Commissioner. He served as commander of the West Bank Border Police until his retirement in 2020. He was killed in the Kfar Aza massacre, the opening strike of the Gaza war.

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Israelis murdered or fell in the line of duty during the October 7 attacks

Aner Elyakim Shapira was an Israeli who was killed during the Hamas-led October 7 attacks on Israel. During the Nova music festival massacre, while taking cover in a shelter, Shapira threw back at Hamas militants 7 explosive grenades they had originally thrown into the shelter. Ultimately, he saved the lives of at least 7 people who survived the massacre. For his actions, he was referred to as a hero by Israeli and international media.

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Israelis murdered or fell in the line of duty during the October 7 attacks

Vivian Silver was a Canadian-Israeli peace activist and women's rights activist. She was murdered in the Be'eri massacre, a part of the October 7 attacks.

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Israelis murdered or fell in the line of duty during the October 7 attacks

Yonatan Steinberg was an officer in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) with the rank of colonel, who served as the commander of the 933rd "Nahal" Brigade. He had previously served as the commander of the Center for Tactical Training in the IDF, the commander of the Binyamin Brigade, the Assistant Brigade Commander (Operations) of the Steel Formation, and the commander of Battalion 931. He was killed by Hamas fighters in a surprise attack on Israel in October 2023.

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Israelis murdered or fell in the line of duty during the October 7 attacks

Yahav Winner was an Israeli filmmaker, actor, producer and cinematographer. He was murdered in the Kfar Aza massacre, part of the October 7 Hamas-led attack during the Gaza war.

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Terence Davies, English filmmaker

Terence Davies was an English filmmaker. He is best known as the writer and director of autobiographical films, including Distant Voices, Still Lives (1988), The Long Day Closes (1992) and the collage film Of Time and the City (2008), as well as the literary adaptations The Neon Bible (1995), The House of Mirth (2000), The Deep Blue Sea (2011) and Sunset Song (2015). His final two feature films were centered on the lives of influential literary figures, Emily Dickinson in A Quiet Passion (2016) and Siegfried Sassoon in Benediction (2021). Davies was considered by some critics as one of the great British directors of his period.

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07/10/2022

Arun Bali, Indian actor (born 1942)

Arun Bali was an Indian actor who has worked in numerous films and television series. He played the part of Maharaj Porus in the 1991 period drama Chanakya, Kunwar Singh in the Doordarshan soap opera Swabhimaan and the Chief Minister of undivided Bengal, Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy, in the controversial and critically acclaimed 2000 film Hey Ram. In the 2000s, he became known for his "grandfatherly" roles like that of Harshvardhan Wadhwa in Kumkum – Ek Pyara Sa Bandhan which garnered him popular awards.

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07/10/2020

Mario Molina, Mexican chemist (born 1943)

Mario José Molina-Pasquel Henríquez was a Mexican physical chemist. He played a pivotal role in the discovery of the Antarctic ozone hole, and was a co-recipient of the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his role in discovering the threat to the Earth's ozone layer from chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) gases. He was the first Mexican-born scientist to receive a Nobel Prize in Chemistry and the third Mexican-born person to receive a Nobel prize.

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07/10/2016

Ross Higgins, Australian actor, comedian (born 1930)

Ross Higgins was an Australian vaudevillian, character actor, television host, comedian, singer and voice actor. He was best known for his role as Ted Bullpitt in the 1980s television situation comedy series Kingswood Country and brief revival Bullpitt!. He was also a commercial advertiser who provided the voice of animated character "Louie the Fly" in the television ad campaign for Mortein, over a 50-year period as well as Mr. Pound, when decimal currency was first introduced in Australia.

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07/10/2015

Harry Gallatin, American basketball player and coach (born 1927)

Harry Junior "The Horse" Gallatin was an American professional basketball player and coach. Gallatin played nine seasons for the New York Knicks in the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1948 to 1957, as well as one season with the Detroit Pistons in the 1957–58 season. Gallatin led the NBA in rebounding and was named to the All-NBA First Team in 1954. The following year, he was named to the All-NBA Second Team. For his career, Gallatin played in seven NBA All-Star Games. A member of the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, he is also a member of the National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame, the SIU Edwardsville Athletics Hall of Fame, the Truman State University Athletics Hall of Fame, the Missouri Sports Hall of Fame, two Illinois Basketball Halls of Fame, the Mid-America Intercollegiate Athletics Association (MIAA) Hall of Fame, the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) Hall of Fame, and the SIU Salukis Hall of Fame.

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Hossein Hamadani, Iranian general (born 1951)

Hossein Hamadani, also spelled Hamedani, was an Iranian Revolutionary Guard commander. He was posthumously promoted to a Major General.

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Jurelang Zedkaia, Marshallese politician, 5th President of the Marshall Islands (born 1950)

Iroijlaplap Jurelang Zedkaia was a Marshallese politician and Iroijlaplap. He served as the President of the Marshall Islands from 2009 to 2012. He was elected as the country's 5th head of state on October 26, 2009, following the ouster of his predecessor, Litokwa Tomeing, in the country's first successful vote of no confidence.

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07/10/2014

Nika Kiladze, Georgian footballer (born 1988)

Nika Kiladze was a Georgian football player who last played for FC Guria Lanchkhuti.

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Siegfried Lenz, Polish-German author and playwright (born 1926)

Siegfried Lenz was a German writer of novels, short stories and essays, as well as dramas for radio and the theatre. In 2000 he received the Goethe Prize on the 250th Anniversary of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's birth. He won the 2010 International Nonino Prize in Italy.

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Iva Withers, Canadian-American actress and singer (born 1917)

Pearl Iva Edith Withers was a Canadian-born American actress and singer, best remembered as a replacement player who had long runs in some of Rodgers and Hammerstein's biggest musical theatre hits. From 1945 to 1970, she worked almost continuously on Broadway or in national tours, generally as a replacement.

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07/10/2013

Mick Buckley, English footballer (born 1953)

Mick Buckley was an English footballer who played for Everton, Sunderland, Hartlepool United, Carlisle United and Middlesbrough as a midfielder.

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Terry Burnham, American actress (born 1949)

Elizabeth Teresa "Terry" Burnham was an American actress. She had most of her career as a child actress in television series. She is best known for her performance in the Twilight Zone episode "Nightmare as a Child",. which originally aired in 1960.

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Patrice Chéreau, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1944)

Patrice Chéreau was a French opera and theatre director, filmmaker, actor and producer. In France he is best known for his work for the theatre, internationally for his films La Reine Margot and Intimacy, and for his staging of the Jahrhundertring, the centenary Ring cycle at the Bayreuth Festival in 1976. Winner of almost twenty movie awards, including the Cannes Jury Prize and the Golden Berlin Bear, Chéreau served as president of the jury at the 2003 Cannes festival.

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David E. Jeremiah, American admiral (born 1934)

David Elmer Jeremiah was a United States Navy admiral who served as the second vice chairman and also the acting chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. After his retirement from the Navy in February 1994, he worked in the field of investment banking. He served as partner and President, CEO and later Chairman of Technology Strategies & Alliances Corporation, a strategic advisory and investment banking firm engaged primarily in the aerospace, defense, telecommunications, and electronics industries.

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Leandro Mendoza, Filipino police officer and politician, 36th Executive Secretary of the Philippines (born 1946)

Leandro "Larry" Ramos Mendoza was a Filipino policeman and public official who served as Executive Secretary of the Philippines. He previously served as Chief of the Philippine National Police and Transportation and Communications secretary.

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Joe Rogers, American lawyer and politician, 45th Lieutenant Governor of Colorado (born 1964)

Joseph Bernard Rogers was an American politician and attorney who served as the 45th Lieutenant Governor of Colorado from 1999 to 2003. He was a member of the Republican Party and unsuccessfully mounted congressional campaigns in 1996 and 2002.

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07/10/2012

Mervyn M. Dymally, Trinidadian-American politician, 41st Lieutenant Governor of California (born 1926)

Mervyn Malcolm Dymally was an American politician from California. A Democrat, he served in the California State Assembly (1963–1966) and the California State Senate (1967–1975), as the 41st lieutenant governor of California (1975–1979), and in the U.S. House of Representatives (1981–1993). Dymally returned to politics a decade later to again serve in the California State Assembly (2003–2008).

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Ivo Michiels, Belgian-French author and poet (born 1923)

Henri Paul René Ceuppens, who wrote under the pseudonym Ivo Michiels, was a Belgian writer.

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Wiley Reed, American-Australian singer-songwriter and pianist (born 1944)

Wiley Dean Reed was an Australian-based African-American blues musician and songwriter, who sang and accompanied himself on the piano.

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07/10/2011

Ramiz Alia, Albanian politician, 1st President of Albania (born 1925)

Ramiz Alia was an Albanian politician serving as the second and last leader of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania from 1985 to 1991, serving as First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania. He was also the country's head of state from 1982 to 1992. He had been seen as a successor by Enver Hoxha and took power after Hoxha died.

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Andrew Laszlo, Hungarian-American cinematographer (born 1926)

Andrew Laszlo A.S.C. was a Hungarian-American cinematographer.

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07/10/2010

T Lavitz, American keyboard player, composer, and producer (born 1956)

Terry "T" Lavitz was an American keyboardist, composer, and producer. He is best known for his work with the Dixie Dregs and Jazz Is Dead.

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Milka Planinc, Croatian lawyer and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (born 1924)

Milka Planinc was a Croatian communist politician who served as Prime Minister of Yugoslavia from 1982 to 1986. She was the first and only woman to hold this office. Planinc was also the first female head of government of a diplomatically recognized socialist state in Europe.

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07/10/2009

Irving Penn, American photographer (born 1917)

Irving Penn was an American photographer known for his fashion photography, portraits, and still lifes. Penn's career included work at Vogue magazine, and independent advertising work for clients including Issey Miyake and Clinique. His work has been exhibited internationally and continues to inform the art of photography.

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07/10/2007

Norifumi Abe, Japanese motorcycle racer (born 1975)

Norifumi "Norick" Abe , or Norick Abe (ノリック・アベ) was a Japanese professional motorcycle road racer. He competed in the FIM Grand Prix motorcycle racing world championships from 1994 to 2004. Abe died in a road traffic crash in October 2007.

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George E. Sangmeister, American lawyer and politician (born 1931)

George Edward Sangmeister was an American politician and United States Representative from Illinois. He originally represented Illinois' 4th congressional district, before it was renumbered as the 11th district.

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07/10/2006

Julen Goikoetxea, Spanish cyclist (born 1985)

Julen Goikoetxea Garate was a Basque racing cyclist from Ondarroa.

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Anna Politkovskaya, American-Russian journalist and activist (born 1958)

Anna Stepanovna Politkovskaya was a Russian investigative journalist who reported on political and social events in Russia, in particular, the Second Chechen War (1999–2005). She was found murdered in the elevator of her apartment block in Moscow on 7 October 2006, Vladimir Putin's birthday.

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07/10/2005

Charles Rocket, American actor and comedian (born 1949)

Charles Adams Claverie, known by stage names Charlie Hamburger, Charlie Kennedy, and Charles Rocket, was an American actor. He was a cast member on Saturday Night Live, played the villain Nicholas Andre in the film Dumb and Dumber, and played Dave Dennison in Disney's Hocus Pocus.

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07/10/2004

Miki Matsubara, Japanese composer, lyricist, and singer (born 1959)

Miki Matsubara was a Japanese singer and songwriter. She contributed to the opening and ending theme songs of the anime Gu-Gu Ganmo under the name Suzie Matsubara. Her 1979 debut song "Mayonaka no Door" became a hit, reaching No. 28 on the Oricon chart.

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Tony Lanfranchi, English race car driver (born 1935)

Anthony Lanfranchi was a British racing driver. He competed in many various events throughout a long racing career, including the 1965 24 Hours of Le Mans for Elva, non-championship Formula One races in 1968, and the British Formula Three Championship. Later in his career, he competed in saloon car racing, including the British Touring Car Championship."In his early racing days in Huddersfield he raced sports cars, including a Healey Silverstone, Austin-Healey and then an Elva Courier, in which he was quite successful in 1961. Nationally he made his mark in 1963 with an Elva-Ford Mk. VI."

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07/10/2003

Izzy Asper, Canadian lawyer and politician (born 1932)

Israel Harold "Izzy" Asper was a Canadian tax lawyer and media magnate. He was the founder and owner of the now-defunct TV and media company CanWest Global Communications Corp and father to its former CEO and President Leonard Asper, former director and corporate secretary Gail Asper, and former Executive Vice President David Asper. He was also the leader of the Manitoba Liberal Party from 1970 to 1975 and is credited with the idea and vision to establish the Canadian Museum for Human Rights.

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Arthur Berger, American composer and educator (born 1912)

Arthur Victor Berger was an American composer and music critic who has been described as a New Mannerist.

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07/10/2002

Pierangelo Bertoli, Italian singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1942)

Pierangelo Bertoli was an Italian singer-songwriter and poet. Close to libertarian communist issues, his works were mainly about environment, laïcité, antimilitarism and social issues regarding marginalised and rebellious people.

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07/10/2001

Herblock, American cartoonist and author (born 1909)

Herbert Lawrence Block, commonly known as Herblock, was an American editorial cartoonist and author best known for his commentaries on national domestic and foreign policy.

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Christopher Adams, English-American wrestler and trainer (born 1955)

Christopher Adams, best known as "Gentleman" Chris Adams, was an English professional wrestler, promoter, coach, and judoka.

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Roger Gaudry, Canadian chemist and businessman (born 1913)

Roger Gaudry, was a Canadian chemist, businessman, corporate director, and rector of the Université de Montréal.

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07/10/1998

Cees de Vreugd, Dutch strongman and weightlifter (born 1952)

Cees de Vreugd, also known as "Kees de Vreugd" was a butcher, strongman and powerlifter from Katwijk, Netherlands. He finished third at the World's Strongest Man games in 1985.

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07/10/1996

Lou Lichtveld, Surinamese-Dutch author, playwright, and politician (born 1903)

Lodewijk 'Lou' Lichtveld was a Surinamese politician, playwright, poet and resistance fighter who wrote under the pseudonym "Albert Helman".

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07/10/1995

Ivan Hutchinson, Australian film critic and author (born 1928)

Ivan Joseph Hutchinson was an Australian film critic, television personality and music director.

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Olga Taussky-Todd, Austrian-Czech-American mathematician, attendant of the Vienna Circle (born 1906)

Olga Taussky-Todd was an Austrian and American mathematician. She published more than 300 research papers on algebraic number theory, integral matrices, and matrices in algebra and analysis.

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07/10/1994

Niels Kaj Jerne, Danish-English physician and immunologist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1911)

Niels Kaj Jerne, FRS was a Danish immunologist. He shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1984 with Georges J. F. Köhler and César Milstein "for theories concerning the specificity in development and control of the immune system and the discovery of the principle for production of monoclonal antibodies".

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07/10/1993

Cyril Cusack, South African-born Irish actor (born 1910)

Cyril James Cusack was an Irish stage and screen actor with a career that spanned more than 70 years. During his lifetime, he was considered one of Ireland's finest thespians, and was renowned for his interpretations of both classical and contemporary theatre, including Shakespearean roles as a member of the Royal Shakespeare Company, and over 60 productions for the Abbey Theatre, of which he was a lifelong member. In 2020, Cusack was ranked at number 14 on The Irish Times' list of Ireland's greatest film actors.

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07/10/1992

Allan Bloom, American philosopher and educator (born 1930)

Allan David Bloom was an American philosopher, classicist, and academician. He studied under David Grene, Leo Strauss, Richard McKeon, and Alexandre Kojève. He subsequently taught at Cornell University, the University of Toronto, Tel Aviv University, Yale University, the École normale supérieure, and the University of Chicago.

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Babu Karam Singh Bal, Indian businessman and politician (born1927)

Babu Karam Singh Bal was an Indian politician for the Shiromani Akali Dal party and the sarpanch for the town of Sathiala in Punjab, India. Bal was also the manager of Gurdwara Baba Bakala Sahib under the SGPC for 38 years.

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07/10/1991

Harry W. Brown, American colonel and pilot (born 1921)

Harry Winston Brown was an Army Air Corps second lieutenant assigned to the 47th Pursuit Squadron at Wheeler Field on the island of Oahu during the Japanese attack on December 7, 1941. He was one of the five American pilots to score victories that day. Brown was awarded a Silver Star for his actions, and was the first Texan decorated for valor in the war. By the war's end, he was a flying ace.

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Leo Durocher, American baseball player and manager (born 1905)

Leo Ernest Durocher, nicknamed "Leo the Lip" and "Lippy", was an American professional baseball player, manager, and coach. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) as an infielder. Upon his retirement, he ranked fifth all-time among managers with 2,008 career victories, second only to John McGraw in National League history. Durocher still ranks twelfth in career wins by a manager. A controversial and outspoken character, Durocher's half-century in baseball was dogged by clashes with authority, the baseball commissioner, the press, and umpires; his 100 career ejections as a manager trailed only McGraw when he retired, and he still ranks third on the all-time list. He won three National League pennants and one world championship. In 25 years as a manager, Durocher had only 4 losing seasons.

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Darren Millane, Australian footballer (born 1965)

Darren Millane was an Australian rules footballer who played for the Collingwood Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL).

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07/10/1990

Beatrice Hutton, Australian architect (born 1893)

Beatrice May Hutton was an Australian architect. On 30 October 1916, she became the first female to be accepted into an institute of architects in Australia. This followed the rejection of earlier female applicants, including Florence Taylor in 1907, on the grounds of being female.

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Chiara Badano, Italian beatified (born1971)

Chiara Badano was an Italian woman who has been beatified by the Roman Catholic Church. At age nine she joined the Focolare Movement and received the nickname "Luce" ("light") by the founder Chiara Lubich. When she was 16, she was diagnosed with osteogenic sarcoma, a painful bone cancer. Chiara died from the cancer on October 7, 1990, after a two-year battle with the disease. She was beatified on September 25, 2010, at the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Divine Love in Rome. Her feast day is celebrated on October 29.

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Grim Natwick, American animator (born 1890)

Myron "Grim" Natwick was an American artist, cartoonist, animator, and film director. Natwick is best known for drawing the Fleischer Studios' most popular character, Betty Boop.

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07/10/1985

Cemal Reşit Rey, Turkish pianist, composer, and conductor (born 1904)

Cemal Reşit Rey was a Turkish composer, pianist, script writer and conductor. He was well known for a string of successful and popular Turkish-language operettas for which his brother Ekrem Reşit Rey (1900–1959) wrote the librettos.

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07/10/1983

George O. Abell, American astronomer, professor, science popularizer, and skeptic (born 1927)

George Ogden Abell was an American astronomer and professor. He taught at UCLA, primarily as a research astronomer. He earned his B.S. in 1951, his M.S. in 1952 and his Ph.D. in 1957, all from Caltech. He was a Ph.D. student under Donald Osterbrock. His astronomy career began as a tour guide at the Griffith Observatory in Los Angeles. Abell made great contributions to astronomical knowledge which resulted from his work during and after the National Geographic Society - Palomar Observatory Sky Survey, especially concerning clusters of galaxies and planetary nebulae. A galaxy, an asteroid, a periodic comet, and an observatory are all named in his honor. His teaching career extended beyond the campus of UCLA to the high school student oriented Summer Science Program, and educational television. He not only taught about science but also about what is not science. He was an originating member of the Committee on Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal now known as the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry.

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07/10/1970

Alphonse-Marie Parent, Canadian priest and academic (born 1906)

Alphonse-Marie Parent was a Canadian priest, educator and academic administrator. He is best known for having given his name to the Parent Report on the reform of Quebec's education system.

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07/10/1969

Léon Scieur, Belgian cyclist (born 1888)

Léon Scieur was a Belgian cyclist who won the 1921 Tour de France, along with stages 3 and 10. His first great victory was the 1920 Liège–Bastogne–Liège; he won a stage and finished fourth in the 1919 and 1920 Tours de France.

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07/10/1967

Norman Angell, English journalist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1872)

Sir Ralph Norman Angell was a lecturer, journalist, author and Member of Parliament for the Labour Party. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to promote peace, particularly through writings that argued that modern economic interdependence made war irrational and self-defeating.

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07/10/1966

Grigoris Asikis, Greek singer-songwriter (born 1890)

Grigoris Asikis was a Greek singer and songwriter of urban Greek music, Rembetiko. He wrote lyrics for most of the songs he recorded and played the outi.

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07/10/1963

Oking Jaya Atmaja, Indonesian military officer (born 1918)

Major Raden Oking Jaya Atmaja, known as Mayor Oking, was a military officer and an Indonesian independence fighter.

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07/10/1959

Mario Lanza, American tenor and actor (born 1921)

Mario Lanza was an American tenor and actor. He was a Hollywood film star popular in the late 1940s and the 1950s. Lanza began studying to be a professional singer at the age of 16. After appearing at the Hollywood Bowl in 1947, Lanza signed a seven-year film contract with Louis B. Mayer, the head of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, who saw his performance and was impressed by his singing. Prior to that, the adult Lanza sang only two performances of an opera. The following year (1948) he sang the role of Pinkerton in Puccini's Madama Butterfly in New Orleans.

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07/10/1956

Clarence Birdseye, American businessman, founded Birds Eye (born 1886)

Clarence Birdseye was an American inventor, entrepreneur, and naturalist, considered the founder of the modern frozen food industry. He founded the frozen food company Birds Eye. Among his inventions during his career was the double belt freezer.

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07/10/1951

Anton Philips, Dutch businessman, co-founded Philips (born 1874)

Anton Frederik Philips was a Dutch businessman. He is one of the co-founders of the Royal Philips Electronics N.V. in 1912 with his older brother Gerard Philips in Eindhoven, Netherlands. His father and Gerard had founded the Philips Company in 1891 as a family business while Anton served as chief executive officer from 1922 to 1939.

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07/10/1950

Willis Haviland Carrier, American engineer (born 1876)

Willis Haviland Carrier was an American engineer, best known for inventing modern air conditioning, inventing the first electrical air conditioning unit in 1902. In 1915, he founded Carrier Corporation, a company specializing in the manufacture and distribution of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems.

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07/10/1944

Helmut Lent, German colonel and pilot (born 1918)

Helmut Johannes Siegfried Lent was a German night-fighter ace in World War II. Lent shot down 110 aircraft, 102 of them at night. Born into a devoutly religious family, he showed an early passion for glider flying; against his father's wishes, he joined the Luftwaffe in 1936. After completing his training, he was assigned to the 1. Squadron, or Staffel, of Zerstörergeschwader 76 (ZG 76), a wing flying the Messerschmitt Bf 110 twin-engine heavy fighter. Lent claimed his first aerial victories at the outset of World War II in the invasion of Poland and over the North Sea. During the invasion of Norway he flew ground support missions before he was transferred to the newly established Nachtjagdgeschwader 1 (NJG 1), a night-fighter wing.

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07/10/1943

Radclyffe Hall, English author and poet (born 1880)

Marguerite Antonia Radclyffe-Hall, also known by her pen name Radclyffe Hall, was an English poet and author best known for her novel The Well of Loneliness, a groundbreaking work in lesbian literature. In adulthood, she often called herself John, rather than Marguerite.

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07/10/1939

Harvey Williams Cushing, American neurosurgeon and academic (born 1869)

Harvey Williams Cushing was an American neurosurgeon, pathologist, writer, and draftsman. A pioneer of brain surgery, he was the first exclusive neurosurgeon and the first person to describe Cushing's disease. He wrote a biography of physician William Osler in three volumes.

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07/10/1933

Alexander Peacock, Australian politician, 20th Premier of Victoria (born 1861)

Sir Alexander James Peacock was an Australian politician who served as the 20th Premier of Victoria.

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07/10/1926

Emil Kraepelin, German psychologist and academic (born 1856)

Emil Wilhelm Georg Magnus Kraepelin was a German psychiatrist. Fellow psychiatrist Hans Eysenck's Encyclopedia of Psychology identified him as helping to lay the foundation for modern scientific psychiatry, psychopharmacology, and psychiatric genetics.

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07/10/1925

Christy Mathewson, American baseball player and manager (born 1880)

Christopher Mathewson, nicknamed "Big Six," "the Christian Gentleman," "Matty," and "the Gentleman's Hurler," was an American professional baseball pitcher who played 17 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Giants. He stood 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m) tall and weighed 195 pounds (88 kg). He was among the most dominant pitchers in baseball history, and ranks in the all-time top 10 in several key pitching categories, including wins, shutouts, and earned run average. In 1936, Mathewson was elected into the Baseball Hall of Fame as one of its first five members.

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07/10/1919

Alfred Deakin, Australian lawyer and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Australia (born 1856)

Alfred Deakin was an Australian politician who served as the second prime minister of Australia from 1903 to 1904, 1905 to 1908, and 1909 to 1910. He held office as the leader of the Protectionist Party, and in his final term as that of the Liberal Party. He is notable for being one of the fathers of Federation and for his influence in early Australian politics.

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07/10/1911

John Hughlings Jackson, English neurologist and physician (born 1835)

John Hughlings Jackson was an English neurologist. He is best known for his research on epilepsy.

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07/10/1906

Honoré Beaugrand, Canadian journalist and politician, 18th Mayor of Montreal (born 1848)

Honoré Beaugrand was a French Canadian journalist, politician, author and folklorist, born in Saint-Joseph-de-Lanoraie, Quebec.

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07/10/1904

Isabella Bird, English historian and explorer (born 1831)

Isabella Lucy Bishop was an English explorer, writer, photographer and naturalist. Alongside fellow Englishwoman Fanny Jane Butler, she founded the John Bishop Memorial Hospital in Srinagar in modern-day Kashmir. She was also the first woman to be elected as a fellow of the Royal Geographical Society.

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07/10/1903

Rudolf Lipschitz, German mathematician and academic (born 1832)

Rudolf Otto Sigismund Lipschitz was a German mathematician who made contributions to mathematical analysis and differential geometry, as well as number theory, algebras with involution and classical mechanics.

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07/10/1894

Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr., American physician, author, and poet (born 1809)

Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. was an American physician, poet, and polymath based in Boston. Grouped among the fireside poets, he was acclaimed by his peers as one of the best writers of the day. His most famous prose works are the "Breakfast-Table" series, which began with The Autocrat of the Breakfast-Table (1858). He was also an important medical reformer. In addition to being an author and a poet, Holmes was also a physician, professor, lecturer, and inventor.

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07/10/1884

Bernard Petitjean, French Roman Catholic missionary to Japan (born 1829)

Bernard Thaddée Petitjean was a French Catholic prelate who served as Apostolic Vicar of Japan from 1866 to 1876.

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07/10/1849

Edgar Allan Poe, American short story writer, poet, and critic (born 1809)

Edgar Allan Poe was an American writer, poet, editor, and literary critic who is best known for his poetry and short stories, particularly his tales involving mystery and the macabre. He is widely regarded as one of the central figures of Romanticism and Gothic fiction in the United States and of early American literature. Poe was one of the country's first successful practitioners of the short story, and is generally considered to be one of the pioneers of the detective fiction genre. In addition, he is credited with contributing significantly to the emergence of science fiction. He is the first well-known American writer to earn a living exclusively through writing, which resulted in a financially difficult life and career.

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07/10/1796

Thomas Reid, Scottish mathematician and philosopher (born 1710)

Thomas Reid was a religiously trained Scottish philosopher best known for his philosophical method, his theory of perception, and its wide implications on epistemology, and as the developer and defender of an agent-causal theory of free will. He also focused extensively on ethics, theory of action, language and philosophy of mind.

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07/10/1793

Wills Hill, 1st Marquess of Downshire, English politician, President of the Board of Trade (born 1718)

Wills Hill, 1st Marquess of Downshire,, known as the 2nd Viscount Hillsborough from 1742 to 1751 and as the 1st Earl of Hillsborough from 1751 to 1789, was a British politician of the Georgian era.

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07/10/1792

George Mason, American lawyer and politician (born 1725)

George Mason was an American planter, politician, Founding Father, and delegate to the U.S. Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787, one of three delegates who refused to sign the Constitution. His writings, including substantial portions of the Fairfax Resolves of 1774, the Virginia Declaration of Rights of 1776, and his Objections to this Constitution of Government (1787) opposing ratification, have exercised a significant influence on American political thought and events. The Virginia Declaration of Rights, which Mason principally authored, served as a basis for the United States Bill of Rights, of which he has been deemed a father.

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07/10/1787

Henry Muhlenberg, German-American pastor and missionary (born 1711)

Henry Melchior Muhlenberg, was a German-born Lutheran clergyman and missionary. Born in Einbeck, Muhlenberg immigrated to the Province of Pennsylvania in response to demands from Lutherans for missionary work in the colony. Muhlenberg was integral to the founding of the first Lutheran church body or denomination in North America, and is considered the patriarch of the Lutheran Church in the United States.

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07/10/1772

John Woolman, American preacher and abolitionist (born 1720)

John Woolman was an American merchant, tailor, journalist, Quaker preacher, and early abolitionist during the colonial era. Based in Mount Holly, New Jersey, near Philadelphia, he traveled through the American frontier to preach Quaker beliefs, and advocate against slavery and the slave trade, cruelty to animals, economic injustices and oppression, and conscription. Beginning in 1755 with the outbreak of the French and Indian War, he urged tax resistance to deny support to the colonial military. In 1772, Woolman traveled to England, where he urged Quakers to support abolition of slavery.

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07/10/1747

Giulia Lama, Italian painter (born 1681)

Giulia Elisabetta Lama was an Italian painter active in Venice during the late Baroque period. Her dark, intense style contrasted with the dominant pastel tones of the era. She was one of the first female artists to study and depict the nude male figure.

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07/10/1708

Guru Gobind Singh, Indian 10th Sikh guru (born 1666)

Guru Gobind Singh was the tenth and last human Sikh Guru. He was a warrior, poet, and philosopher. In 1675, at the age of nine, he was formally made the leader of the Sikhs after his father Guru Tegh Bahadur—the ninth Sikh Guru—was executed by the emperor Aurangzeb. His four biological sons died during his lifetime—two in battle and two executed by the Mughal administrator Wazir Khan.

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07/10/1653

Fausto Poli, Italian cardinal (born 1581)

Fausto Poli was a Roman Catholic prelate and Cardinal.

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07/10/1651

Jacques Sirmond, French scholar (born 1559)

Jacques Sirmond, pseudonym Jacobus Cosmas Fabricius, was a French scholar and Jesuit.

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07/10/1637

Victor Amadeus I, duke of Savoy (born 1587)

Victor Amadeus I was the Duke of Savoy and ruler of the Savoyard states from 26 July 1630 until his death in 1637. He was also known as the Lion of Susa.

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07/10/1620

Stanisław Żółkiewski, Polish-Lithuanian commander (born 1547)

Stanisław Żółkiewski was a Polish nobleman of the Lubicz coat of arms, a magnate, military commander, and Chancellor of the Polish Crown in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth who took part in many military campaigns in the Commonwealth and on its southern and eastern borders.

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07/10/1612

Giovanni Battista Guarini, Italian poet, playwright, and diplomat (born 1538)

Giovanni Battista Guarini was an Italian poet, dramatist, and diplomat. Courtier at Ferrara, diplomat and secretary to several ruling families, he served also at Florence and Urbino. He is best known as the author of the pastoral tragicomedy Il pastor fido. Written in emulation of Tasso's Aminta, it was extremely successful and remained one of the most popular work of secular literature in Western Europe for almost two hundred years.

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07/10/1577

George Gascoigne, English soldier, courtier, and poet (born 1535)

George Gascoigne was an English poet, soldier and unsuccessful courtier. He is considered the most important poet of the early Elizabethan era, following Sir Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, and leading to the emergence of Philip Sidney. He was the first poet to deify Queen Elizabeth I, in effect establishing her cult as a virgin goddess married to her kingdom and subjects. His most noted works include A Discourse of the Adventures of Master FJ (1573), an account of courtly intrigue and one of the earliest English prose fictions; The Supposes, an early translation of Ariosto and the first comedy written in English prose, which was used by Shakespeare as a source for The Taming of the Shrew; and the frequently anthologised short poem "Gascoignes woodmanship" (1573) and "Certayne Notes of Instruction concerning the making of verse or ryme in English" (1575), the first essay on English versification.

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07/10/1571

Sufi Ali Pasha, Ottoman soldier and politician, Ottoman Governor of Egypt

Müezzinzade Ali Pasha was an Ottoman statesman and naval officer. He was the Grand Admiral in command of the Ottoman fleet at the Battle of Lepanto, where he was killed in action. He also served as the governor of Egypt from 1563 to 1566.

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Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg, Danish queen consort of Christian III of Denmark (born 1511)

Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg was queen consort of Denmark and Norway by marriage to King Christian III of Denmark. She was known to having wielded influence upon the affairs of state in Denmark.

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07/10/1553

Cristóbal de Morales, Spanish composer (born 1500)

Cristóbal de Morales was a Spanish composer of the Renaissance. He is generally considered to be the most influential Spanish composer before Tomás Luis de Victoria.

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07/10/1468

Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, Italian nobleman (born 1417)

Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta was an Italian condottiero and nobleman, a member of the House of Malatesta and lord of Rimini and Fano from 1432. He was widely considered by his contemporaries as one of the most daring military leaders in Italy and commanded the Venetian forces in the 1465 campaign against the Ottoman Empire. He was also a poet and patron of the arts.

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07/10/1461

Jean Poton de Xaintrailles, follower of Joan of Arc (born c. 1390)

Jean Poton de Xaintrailles, a minor noble of Gascon origin, was one of the chief lieutenants of Joan of Arc.

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07/10/1368

Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence, Belgian-English politician (born 1338)

Lionel of Antwerp, Duke of Clarence was an English prince, Earl of Ulster jure uxoris from 1347, Duke of Clarence from 1362, Guardian of England in 1345–46, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in 1361–66, Knight of the Garter from 1361, third son of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault. He was named after his birthplace, at Antwerp in the Duchy of Brabant.

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07/10/1363

Eleanor de Bohun, English noblewoman (born 1304)

Eleanor de Bohun, Countess of Ormond was an English noblewoman born in Knaresborough Castle to Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford, and Elizabeth, daughter of King Edward I of England and Eleanor of Castile. After the deaths of her parents, she was placed in the care of her aunt Mary of Woodstock and brought up at Amesbury Priory alongside various cousins including Joan Gaveston, Isabel of Lancaster and Joan de Monthermer. Edward II of England gave the priory a generous allowance of 100 marks annually for the upkeep of Eleanor and her younger cousin, Joan Gaveston.

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07/10/1259

Ezzelino III da Romano, Italian ruler

Ezzelino III da Romano was an Italian feudal lord, a member of the Ezzelini family, in the March of Treviso. He was a close ally of the emperor Frederick II, and ruled Verona, Vicenza and Padua for almost two decades. He became infamous as a cruel tyrant, and was, in fact, the most "notorious" of the "early tyrants".

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07/10/1242

Juntoku, Japanese emperor (born 1197)

Emperor Juntoku of the Jōgen was the 84th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1210 through 1221, a part of Japan's Kamakura Period.

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07/10/0988

Qian Chu, king of Wuyue (born 929)

Qian Chu, courtesy name Wende, known as Qian Hongchu before 960, also known by his posthumous name as the King Zhongyi of Wuyue, was the last king of Wuyue during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of China. He reigned from 947 until 978, when he surrendered his kingdom to the Northern Song dynasty.

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07/10/0951

Shi Zong, emperor of the Liao Dynasty (born 919)

Emperor Shizong of Liao, personal name Wuyu, sinicised name Yelü Ruan, was the third emperor of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty of China. He was the son of Yelü Bei, the eldest son of Abaoji, the founder of the Liao dynasty. He ascended to the imperial throne in 947 after the death of his uncle, Emperor Taizong, who raised him in his father's absence.

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Xiao, Chinese Khitan empress dowager

Empress Dowager Xiao, formally Empress Rouzhen (柔貞皇后), was an empress dowager of the Khitan-led Chinese Liao dynasty. She was a concubine of Yelü Bei and the mother of Emperor Shizong.

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Zhen, Chinese Khitan empress consort

Empress Zhen was an empress of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty of China. She was one of the two empresses of Emperor Shizong.

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07/10/0950

Li, Chinese empress consort

Empress Li was a princess of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period state Later Tang and an empress of the succeeding Later Jin.

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07/10/0929

Charles the Simple, French king (born 879)

Charles III, called the Simple or the Straightforward, was the king of West Francia from 898 until 922 and the king of Lotharingia from 911 until 919–923. He was a member of the Carolingian dynasty.

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07/10/0858

Montoku, Japanese emperor (born 826)

Emperor Montoku was the 55th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.

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07/10/0336

Mark, pope of the Catholic Church

Pope Mark was the bishop of Rome from 18 January to his death on 7 October 336.

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